CN116951414A - Fire grate structure and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cement kiln co-treatment of hazardous waste, and provides a fire grate structure and an operation method thereof, wherein the fire grate structure comprises at least two fire grates, and the fire grates comprise: the grate shaft is used as a framework of the grate, bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate and is provided with a cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly; the grate shell is sleeved on the grate shaft to support and convey materials to be treated, and the grate shell is made of high-strength inorganic nonmetallic materials; the mounting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft and are used for enabling the grate shaft housing to be rotatably mounted in the incinerator. The grate shaft is sleeved with the grate shell made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials so as to support and convey materials to be treated, so that the grate structure is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, can be exposed in a high-temperature corrosion environment for a long time, greatly prolongs the service life of the grate structure, and can ensure long-term stable operation of the incinerator.

Description

Fire grate structure and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of cement kiln co-treatment of hazardous waste, in particular to a fire grate structure and an operation method thereof.

Background

With the development of social economy in China, the yield of dangerous waste is greatly improved, a large gap exists in the disposal capability of the dangerous waste in China, and the cement kiln is used for cooperatively disposing the dangerous waste by means of the characteristics of high temperature, good thermal stability and large volume of the cement rotary kiln, so that the disposal process for incinerating and decomposing the dangerous waste in a harmless and recycling way has the advantages of low investment, large disposal capability, good disposal effect and the like.

The current co-processing technology mainly directly sends dangerous wastes into a cement kiln production system, such as an SMP system, but the feeding position and the feeding mode are slightly different according to the material form, so that the method is relatively simple and rough, the direct feeding mode has a great influence on the cement production technology, the quality of clinker is changed, and the control difficulty is increased. The problems can be effectively solved through the cooperation of the hazardous waste incinerator and the cement kiln. The fire grate is a key component of the hazardous waste incinerator, the traditional metal fire grate is corroded in a short time under the high-temperature corrosion environment of hazardous waste incineration, the service life is extremely short, and the operation cost is high. The fire grate in the 201320169091.2 patent consists of a movable fire grate and a static fire grate, the fire grate is made of pure metal, the fire grate is completely exposed in an intracranial high-temperature corrosion environment, and practice proves that the corrosion of the dangerous waste incineration flue gas environment is far more serious than that of the household garbage incineration flue gas environment, the pure metal fire grate is seriously and rapidly corroded, the service life is extremely short, and the dangerous waste incinerator cannot stably run for a long time; patent 201520742490.2 proposes a hazardous waste incineration grate for the kiln tail of a rotary kiln, which consists of a fixed grate bar and a movable grate bar, wherein the ladder-shaped grate is formed at a certain angle, the material is also pure metal, the grate structure is completely exposed in a high-temperature corrosion flue gas environment, and the event proves that the grate corrosion problem is serious and long-term operation cannot be ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. Therefore, the application provides a fire grate structure, which solves the problem that the existing metal fire grate is easy to corrode when exposed to a high-temperature corrosion environment, prolongs the service life of the fire grate, ensures the long-term stable operation of the incinerator and can be highly cooperated with a cement kiln production system.

The application also provides an operation method of the fire grate structure.

A grate structure according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application comprises at least two grate bars, the grate bars comprising:

the grate shaft is used as a framework of the grate and bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate, a cooling cavity is formed in the hollow of the grate shaft, and the cooling cavity is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly;

the grate shell is sleeved on the grate shaft to support and convey materials to be treated, and the grate shell is made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials;

the mounting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft and are used for enabling the grate shaft to be rotatably mounted in the incinerator.

According to the grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the grate shell comprises a cylinder body and a plurality of grate plates, and the grate plates are arranged around the outer wall of the cylinder body.

According to the grate structure of the embodiment of the application, the number of the grate plates is two, and the included angle between the two grate plates is 90-180 degrees.

According to the grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the outer wall of the grate shaft is provided with the key pin, and the grate shell is provided with the groove matched with the key pin so as to be sleeved on the grate shaft;

or, the outer wall of the grate shaft is provided with a groove, and the grate shell is provided with a key pin matched with the groove so as to cover the grate shell on the grate shaft.

According to the grate structure of the embodiment of the application, the grate shaft is in clearance fit with the grate shell, and refractory clay is filled between the grate shaft and the clearance of the grate shell.

According to the grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the grate shells are formed by splicing a plurality of sections of grate shells, and refractory clay is filled between the grate shells.

According to the grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the mounting assembly comprises sealing elements and bearings which are arranged in pairs, wherein the sealing elements are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft and are suitable for sealing the grate shaft and the furnace wall of the incinerator; the bearing is arranged on one side of the sealing element, which is far away from the center of the grate shaft, and is suitable for being connected with the furnace wall and plays a role in dynamic and static conversion.

According to the grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the grate further comprises the first rotary joint and the second rotary joint which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the grate shaft, the first rotary joint is suitable for being connected with the liquid supply pipe of the cooling assembly, the water inlet of the first rotary joint is arranged downwards, the second rotary joint is suitable for being connected with the liquid return pipe of the cooling assembly, and the water outlet of the second rotary joint is arranged upwards.

According to the fire grate structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the fire grate further comprises a transmission part arranged on the grate shaft, and the transmission part is suitable for being connected with a driving device to drive the grate shaft to rotate.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of operating a fire grate structure for a vertical incinerator, the vertical incinerator including a furnace body and the fire grate structure described above, the fire grate structure being provided with at least two layers, each layer of the fire grate structure being disposed in a downward sequence, each fire grate of the same layer of the fire grate structure being disposed one by one in an obliquely downward direction, and the oblique directions between adjacent layers being opposite, the method comprising:

adding a material to be treated into the furnace body;

and enabling the grate bars to sequentially rotate reciprocally at intervals of preset time from top to bottom until the material to be treated is discharged from the slag outlet of the furnace body.

The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one of the following technical effects:

embodiments of the present application provide a fire grate structure and method of operating the same, the fire grate structure including at least two fire grates, the fire grates including: the grate shaft is used as a framework of the grate and bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate, a cooling cavity is formed in the hollow of the grate shaft, and the cooling cavity is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly; the grate shell is sleeved on the grate shaft to support and convey materials to be treated, and the grate shell is made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials; the mounting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft and are used for enabling the grate shaft to be rotatably mounted in the incinerator. The grate shaft is sleeved with the grate shell made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials so as to support and convey materials to be treated, so that the grate structure is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, can be exposed in a high-temperature corrosion environment for a long time, greatly prolongs the service life of the grate structure, and can ensure long-term stable operation of the incinerator.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly described, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a grate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grate housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grate shaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the arrangement of a grate structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of operating a grate structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1. a grate; 11. a grate shaft; 12. a grate housing; 13. a mounting assembly; 111. a key pin; 112. a cooling chamber; 121. a cylinder; 122. a grating plate; 123. a groove; 131. a seal; 132. a bearing;

2. a furnace body.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the application but are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present application will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the application, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

An embodiment of an aspect of the present application, as shown in connection with fig. 1 to 6, provides a fire grate structure and a method of operating the same, the fire grate structure including at least two fire grates 1, the fire grate 1 including: the grate shaft 11 is used as a framework of the grate 1 and bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate 1, the grate shaft 1 is hollow to form a cooling cavity 112, and the cooling cavity 112 is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly; the grate shell 12 is sleeved on the grate shaft 11 to support and convey materials to be treated, and the grate shell 12 is made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials; and the mounting assemblies 13 are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft 11 and are used for rotatably mounting the grate shaft 11 in the incinerator.

It is easy to understand that, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the grate housing 12 made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory material is sleeved outside the grate shaft 11 to support and convey the material to be treated, preferably, the material of the grate housing 12 is high-strength inorganic nonmetallic material, so that the structure of the grate 1 is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, the grate shaft 11 can be protected by sleeving the grate housing 12 on the grate shaft 11, the grate shaft 11 is prevented from being corroded, the grate 1 can be exposed in a high-temperature corrosion environment for a long time, the service life of the grate structure is greatly prolonged, and the long-term stable operation of the incinerator can be ensured.

The fire grate structure of the embodiment of the application is suitable for being arranged on a vertical incinerator, and the vertical incinerator can be used for dangerous waste incineration treatment. Specifically, the vertical incinerator comprises a furnace body 2 and at least one layer of fire grate structure, wherein the furnace body 2 adopts a vertical rectangular structure, the furnace body 2 is provided with a feed inlet for feeding, an air inlet for supplying air, a flue gas outlet for discharging flue gas generated by combustion in the furnace and a slag outlet for discharging residues in the furnace, and the slag outlet can be connected to a decomposing furnace of the cement kiln and can also utilize the residues.

It can be understood that the above-mentioned fire grate 1 forms a plurality of layers of inclined fire grate structures according to a certain arrangement mode, the inclination angle can be flexibly set according to the flowing state of the materials to be processed, in order to ensure that the materials to be processed can be smoothly transferred between the adjacent fire grates 1, the rotating ranges of the adjacent fire grates 1 are not crossed, namely, the rotating movement track circles of the two adjacent fire grates 1 are in a separated relation, the nearest distance is controlled to be 10-20mm, the fire grate structure has the functions of supporting, loosening and conveying the materials, the materials to be processed are pushed to the feed inlet by the feed device, fall onto the first fire grate 1 of the upper fire grate structure from the feed inlet, and after a preset residence time, the first fire grate 1 starts to rotate, the materials to be processed are conveyed to the second fire grate 1, and so on until the residues of the materials fall into the quenching pool from the last fire grate 1. In the conveying process of the materials to be treated, the materials to be treated stay on each grate 1 for a preset time after the processes of picking up, turning over and falling, so as to ensure that the materials have sufficient stay time in the furnace to be burnt completely as far as possible.

It is to be understood that the grate 12 is formed by calcining inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials, and the inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials are preferably refractory materials with excellent performances such as silicon nitride, chrome corundum and the like, and optionally, the grate 12 can also be made of other inorganic nonmetallic materials with high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and the application is not limited in particular.

According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the grate housing 12 includes a barrel 121 and a plurality of grate plates 122, the plurality of grate plates 122 being disposed around the outer wall of the barrel 121. Alternatively, the shape of the cylinder 121 is adapted to the shape of the grate shaft 11, and the cylinder can be sleeved on the grate shaft 11, and the grate plate 122 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 121 to support, transfer and convey the material to be processed.

According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the grating plates 122 is two, and the included angle between the two grating plates 122 is 90-180 degrees. Alternatively, by providing two grate plates 122, and setting the included angle between the two grate plates 122 to be 90-180 degrees, the material to be treated can stay in the included angle area, and can be fully combusted in the furnace.

According to one embodiment of the application, the outer wall of the grate shaft 11 is provided with a key pin 111, and the grate housing 12 is provided with a groove 123 matched with the key pin 111 so as to sleeve the grate housing 12 on the grate shaft 11; or, the outer wall of the grate shaft 11 is provided with a groove 123, and the grate housing 12 is provided with a key pin 111 matched with the groove 123 so as to sleeve the grate housing 12 on the grate shaft 11.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer wall of the grate shaft 11 is provided with a key pin 111, the grate housing 12 is provided with a groove 123 matched with the key pin 111, so that the grate housing 12 is sleeved on the grate shaft 11, the effect of synchronous linkage of the grate shaft 11 and the grate housing 12 is achieved, and the size of the grate shaft 11 can be determined according to the size of the incinerator.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the grate 1, the thickness of the cylinder 121 of the grate housing 12 is greater than or equal to 50mm, the thickness of the grate plate 122 is 50-100mm, the width and length are determined according to the calculation of the treatment capacity of the incinerator, the included angle between the two grate plates 122 is 180-90 ℃, and the thickness of the grate housing 12 at the groove 123 is greater than or equal to 45mm.

According to one embodiment of the application, the grate shaft 11 is in clearance fit with the grate housing 12, and the gap between the grate shaft 11 and the grate housing 12 is filled with refractory mortar. Optionally, a gap of 2-5mm is reserved between the grate housing 12 and the grate shaft 11, and after the grate shaft 11 and the grate housing 12 are assembled into a whole, gaps between the grate shaft 11 and the grate housing 12 are filled with refractory mortar so as to form protection for the grate shaft 11, thereby further improving the high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the grate 1.

According to one embodiment of the application, the grate housing 122 is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of grate housings, and the connection gaps of the grate housings are filled with refractory mortar. Optionally, when the length of the fire grate is longer, the grate shell 12 can be divided into a plurality of sections according to the length, the sections are spliced by a plurality of sections of grate shells, the sections can be connected together by a key pin 111, and the contact part between the adjacent grate shells is filled and compacted by refractory mortar, so that the good high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the fire grate 1 are ensured.

According to one embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, the mounting assembly 13 comprises a pair of sealing members 131 and bearings 132, the pair of sealing members 131 being provided at both ends of the grate shaft 11, respectively, adapted to seal the grate shaft 11 to the furnace wall of the incinerator. The sealing member 131 can adopt a common mechanical sealing structure, and under the action of the cooling assembly, the sealing member 131 can be ensured not to be damaged due to overhigh temperature. The bearing 132 is arranged on one side of the sealing member 131 far away from the center of the grate shaft 11, is suitable for being connected with the furnace wall, plays a role in dynamic and static conversion, and can support the stable rotation of the grate shaft 11 after the bearing 132 is fixed with the furnace wall of the furnace body 2.

According to one embodiment of the application, the grate 1 further comprises a first rotary joint and a second rotary joint (not shown in the figure) respectively arranged at two ends of the grate shaft 11, wherein the first rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid supply pipe of the cooling assembly, and a water inlet of the first rotary joint is downwards arranged; the second rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid return pipe of the cooling assembly, and a water outlet of the second rotary joint is upward.

In this embodiment, the grate 1 further comprises a first rotary joint and a second rotary joint, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the grate shaft 11. The first rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid supply pipe of the cooling assembly, and the second rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid return pipe of the cooling assembly. The cooling liquid can be introduced into the grate shaft 11 by a first rotary joint and led out by a second rotary joint. Further, the water inlet of the first rotary joint is downward, and the water outlet of the second rotary joint is upward, so that the cooling liquid can be ensured to fill the hollow area of the grate shaft 11, and the cooling effect is ensured.

It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the structures of the first rotary joint, the second rotary joint and the cooling assembly are not improved, and the common rotary joint and the cooling assembly are selected to meet the use requirement of the embodiment of the present application, so that the first rotary joint, the second rotary joint and the cooling assembly are not repeated.

According to one embodiment of the application, the grate 1 further comprises a transmission member (not shown) arranged on the grate shaft 11, which transmission member is adapted to be connected to the drive means for rotating the grate shaft 11.

In an alternative embodiment, the transmission part adopts a transmission gear, the transmission gear is coaxially fixed with the grate shaft 11, the driving device adopts a chain driven by a hydraulic cylinder, the chain is meshed with the transmission gear, and the hydraulic cylinder can drive the chain to move in the process of stretching and retracting, so as to drive the grate shaft 11 to rotate reciprocally.

Of course, other transmission structures such as pulleys may be used for the transmission members, and other devices such as a telescopic motor, an air cylinder, a servo motor, etc. may be used for the driving device for driving the grate shaft 11.

In some embodiments of the application, the transmission members of the grate 1 of the adjacent layers are positioned on opposite sides of the furnace body 2, so that the transmission members of the adjacent layers and the driving devices connected with the transmission members are conveniently arranged on two sides of the furnace body 2, the pressure of one side of the furnace body 2 can be reduced, and the driving devices can be ensured to have enough installation space. Further, each grate 1 is provided with a separate driving device for driving, and each driving device is independently controlled, so that each grate 1 can be ensured to independently rotate.

In some embodiments, the grate 1 is detachably connected to the furnace body 2, and each grate 1 can be independently and integrally detached so as to facilitate replacement and maintenance of the grate 1. A group of mounting holes are independently arranged on two sides of the furnace wall for each grate 1, the size of each mounting hole can ensure the free extraction and insertion of the grate 1, and the mounting holes are composed of a flange cover and a pouring material block in sequence, and the flange cover is connected with the grate shaft 11 of the grate 1 through a sealing piece 131; the pouring material blocks are divided into an upper part and a lower part, and round holes formed in the middle after the 2 pouring material blocks are assembled are used as channels for the grate shafts 11 to pass through.

Optionally, be provided with the handle on first piece and the second piece of pouring, this handle can be directly pour and fix on first piece and the second piece of pouring, can be convenient for pour the piece and pour the piece to first piece and the second through setting up the handle and dismouting.

Optionally, the furnace body 2 is also provided with a thermocouple and pressure gauge mounting interface, a high-temperature television mounting interface and the like, so that the information of pressure, temperature and the like in the furnace body 2 can be acquired by mounting the thermocouple, the pressure gauge, the high-temperature television and the like, and the combustion condition in the furnace can be conveniently and directly observed.

In another embodiment of the present application, a method for operating a fire grate structure is provided, which is applied to a vertical incinerator, where the vertical incinerator includes a furnace body 2 and the fire grate structure described above, the fire grate structure is provided with at least two layers, each layer of fire grate structure is disposed downward in sequence, each fire grate 1 of the same layer of fire grate structure is disposed one by one along an oblique downward direction, and the oblique directions between adjacent layers are opposite.

It will be appreciated that as shown in fig. 5, the grate structure is provided with at least two layers, each layer of grate structure is arranged downwards in turn, and the inclination directions between adjacent layers are opposite, the upper layer of grate structure is inclined rightwards, and the lower layer of grate structure is inclined leftwards. When the fire grate 1 positioned at the tail end of the upper layer of fire grate structure is overturned, the material can be overturned to the fire grate 1 positioned at the head end of the lower layer of fire grate structure. Therefore, the material can move on the structure of at least two layers of fire grates, so that the material burns more fully, the space utilization rate of the incinerator is high, the volume of the incinerator is small, the occupied area is small on the premise that the treatment scale is the same, the synergy with the existing cement kiln system is high, and the transformation process quantity is small; and the arrangement mode of the fire grate structure greatly reduces the piezoresistance in the furnace and ensures the smooth flow of the gas in the furnace.

As shown in fig. 6, the operation method includes:

s601: adding materials to be treated into the furnace body 2;

starting the feeding device, feeding the material to be treated into the furnace body 2 from the feeding hole, and enabling the material entering the furnace body 2 to drop on the grate 1 with the highest position.

S602: the grate bars 1 are made to rotate reciprocally from top to bottom at preset intervals until the material to be treated is discharged from the slag outlet of the furnace body 2.

When the material falls on the highest grate 1, the material burns on the grate 1; after the preset time passes, the driving device drives the grate 1 to rotate back and forth once, and then the materials are transferred to the second grate 1; after the second combustion preset time, the second grate 1 is driven by the driving device to perform one reciprocating rotation, so that the materials are transferred to the third grate 1, … … and so on, and each grate 1 performs one reciprocating rotation one by one until the materials fall off from the grate 1 positioned at the lowest position and are discharged from the slag hole. The material can gradually move downwards by controlling the rotation of the grate 1, and in the process, the grate 1 can repeatedly turn over and loosen the material, so that the material is fully contacted with air, and the incineration of the material is promoted.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the application, the preset time is 4-6min, the materials to be treated are transferred for multiple times under the drive of each grate 1, and the materials can be loosened in the process and fully contacted with air, so that the complete combustion of the materials can be ensured. The above motion is repeated repeatedly for each grate 1, so that materials are guaranteed to continuously pass through the grate 1 step by step, the grate 1 is cooled by water through a cooling component in a working state, damage caused by overhigh temperature of the grate 1 is avoided, and the temperature of the outer wall of the grate 1 is maintained at 400-800 ℃ by adjusting the flow of cooling water; each grate 1 can be controlled independently, the movement period can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs, the residence time of the materials in the furnace can be controlled accurately, and the materials can be combusted fully.

Embodiments of the present application provide a fire grate structure and a method of operating the same, the fire grate structure comprising at least two fire grates 1, the fire grates 1 comprising: the grate shaft 11 is used as a framework of the grate 1 and bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate 1, the grate shaft 1 is hollow to form a cooling cavity 112, and the cooling cavity 112 is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly; the grate shell 12 is sleeved on the grate shaft 11 to support and convey materials to be treated, and the grate shell 12 is made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials; and the mounting assemblies 13 are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft 11 and are used for rotatably mounting the grate shaft 11 in the incinerator. The grate shaft 11 is sleeved with the grate shell 12 made of inorganic nonmetallic refractory materials so as to support and convey materials to be treated, so that the structure of the grate 1 is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, can be exposed in a high-temperature corrosion environment for a long time, greatly prolongs the service life of the grate structure, and can ensure long-term stable operation of the incinerator.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and are not limiting. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A grate structure comprising at least two grate bars, said grate bars comprising:

the grate shaft is used as a framework of the grate and bears torque in the mechanical rotation process of the grate, a cooling cavity is formed in the hollow of the grate shaft, and the cooling cavity is suitable for being connected with a cooling assembly;

the grate shell is sleeved on the grate shaft to support and convey materials to be processed, and the grate shell is made of inorganic nonmetallic materials;

the mounting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the grate shaft and are used for enabling the grate shaft to be rotatably mounted in the incinerator.

2. The grate structure of claim 1 wherein said grate housing comprises a barrel and a plurality of grate plates, a plurality of said grate plates being disposed about an outer wall of said barrel.

3. The grate structure of claim 2 wherein the number of grate plates is two and the included angle between two of said grate plates is 90-180 degrees.

4. The fire grate structure of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the grate shaft is provided with a key pin, and the grate housing is provided with a groove matched with the key pin so as to cover the grate housing on the grate shaft;

or, the outer wall of the grate shaft is provided with a groove, and the grate shell is provided with a key pin matched with the groove so as to cover the grate shell on the grate shaft.

5. The grate structure of claim 1 wherein said grate shaft is in clearance fit with said grate housing and wherein a gap between said grate shaft and said grate housing is filled with refractory mortar.

6. The fire grate structure of claim 1 wherein said grate housing is formed from a plurality of segments of grate housing, each segment being filled with refractory mortar therebetween.

7. The grate structure of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the mounting assembly includes a pair of seals and bearings, the seals being disposed at opposite ends of the grate shaft and adapted to seal the grate shaft to a wall of the incinerator; the bearing is arranged on one side of the sealing element, which is far away from the center of the grate shaft, and is suitable for being connected with the furnace wall and plays a role in dynamic and static conversion.

8. The fire grate structure of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the fire grate further comprises a first rotary joint and a second rotary joint respectively arranged at two ends of the grate shaft, the first rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid supply pipe of the cooling assembly, and a water inlet of the first rotary joint is arranged downwards; the second rotary joint is suitable for being connected with a liquid return pipe of the cooling assembly, and a water outlet of the second rotary joint is upward.

9. The grate structure of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the grate further comprises a transmission member disposed on the grate shaft, the transmission member being adapted to be coupled to a drive means for rotating the grate shaft.

10. A method of operating a fire grate structure for use in a vertical incinerator comprising a furnace body and a fire grate structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the fire grate structure being provided with at least two layers, each layer of the fire grate structure being arranged in a downward sequence, each fire grate of the same layer of the fire grate structure being arranged one by one in an inclined downward direction with the inclined directions being opposite between adjacent layers, the method comprising:

adding a material to be treated into the furnace body;

and enabling the grate bars to sequentially rotate reciprocally at intervals of preset time from top to bottom until the material to be treated is discharged from the slag outlet of the furnace body.