CN116948436A - Photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 190
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000219194 Arabidopsis Species 0.000 description 51
- 241000219195 Arabidopsis thaliana Species 0.000 description 50
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 methyl hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of plant protection, and discloses a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide are mixed according to the proportion of 2 to 5:2 to 5: 1-2: mixing with the mass ratio of 1-2, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a suspension with the concentration of 70-150 g/L; and adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil to make the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension be 70-120 mL/L, stirring uniformly, and then performing rotary evaporation and drying. The application has the beneficial effects that: the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator is a hydrophobic material, the nano zinc oxide and the nano titanium oxide have photo-responsive wettability variable performance, ultraviolet irradiation is converted into hydrophilicity, infrared irradiation can be restored into hydrophobicity, so that the plant leaf surface has the capability of interconversion between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, the regulation and control of the plant leaf surface wettability is realized, the protection of the plant leaf surface can be realized, the adhesion and absorption of plants to leaf fertilizers are not influenced, and the plant growth is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of plant protection, in particular to a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The plant leaf surface state is various, and has both hydrophilic plant leaf surface and hydrophobic plant leaf surface. The hydrophilic leaf surface is favorable for the plants to absorb and utilize the foliar fertilizer, but the hydrophilic leaf is also easy to absorb herbicide drops or heavy metal-containing drops formed by dry and wet sedimentation. Harmful substances are absorbed by plant leaves through dissolution in water, which not only affects the normal growth of plants but also threatens the human food safety. The method of modifying the surface of the plant leaf to be hydrophobic can greatly reduce the adsorption of harmful substances on the surface.
At present, the Chinese patent document with publication number of CN110583644A discloses a preparation method and application of herbicide protectant, which is based on the problem of poor hydrophobicity of the existing hydrophobic composite material prepared from nano titanium dioxide and biochar, and proposes to modify the biochar and the nano titanium dioxide by methyl hydrogen silicone oil to obtain the hydrophobic composite material; the composite material is applied to the surfaces of plant leaves, so that the plant leaves are in a hydrophobic state, the adhesion of herbicide on the surfaces of the plant leaves can be effectively reduced, and the harm of the herbicide to the plant is further reduced.
However, the composite material can only regulate plant leaf surfaces to be in a hydrophobic state, and can only regulate and control the single wettability of the plant leaf surfaces, and the hydrophobic leaf surfaces are difficult to adsorb plant leaf nutrient such as leaf fertilizer, so that the normal absorption and application of the plant leaf fertilizer are affected, and the normal agricultural production process is further affected. Therefore, there is a need for a plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator that can achieve the switching and regulation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic states of the plant leaf surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator which can change plant surface wettability through ultraviolet light and infrared light regulation.
The application solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the first aspect of the application provides a preparation method of a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide powder for standby;
(2) The attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide weighed in the step (1) are mixed according to the following ratio of 2-5: 2 to 5: 1-2: mixing 1-2 mass ratio, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare suspension with the concentration of 70-150 g/L;
(3) Adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil into the suspension obtained in the step (2) to ensure that the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension is 20-60 mL/L, and stirring uniformly.
(4) And (3) performing rotary evaporation on the solution obtained in the step (3) and drying to obtain a product, namely the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The beneficial effects are that: the application combines the attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, the nano zinc oxide and the nano titanium oxide can be modified on the attapulgite and kaolin carrier materials to form a micro-nano structure together, and hydrogen-containing silicone oil is adopted to carry out surface modification on the composite materials, so as to prepare the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator is a hydrophobic material, and is dispersed on plant leaves, and the components act together to reconstruct the shape of the plant surface, so that the surface of the plant leaf is rendered hydrophobic; under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, the composite nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide respond to the irradiation, so that the wettability of the plant leaf surface is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity; similarly, under the condition of infrared illumination, the surface of the plant leaf can be restored from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, so that the surface of the plant leaf has the capability of interconversion between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity.
In practical agricultural application, the surface of the plant is coated with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, so that the surface of the plant leaf is in a hydrophobic state, and the herbicide is applied at the moment, so that the adhesion of the herbicide on the leaf surface of the crop can be effectively reduced, and the harm of the herbicide to the crop is further reduced; when the foliar fertilizer is required to be applied, the surface of the plant leaf is converted into a hydrophilic state through ultraviolet irradiation, so that the normal absorption of the foliar fertilizer is realized; after the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, natural infrared light irradiates to enable the surface of the plant leaf to be restored to a hydrophobic state. Therefore, the regulation and control of the wettability of the plant leaf surface can be realized through the regulation of ultraviolet light and infrared light, the protection of the plant leaf surface can be realized, the adhesion and absorption of the plant to the foliar fertilizer are not influenced, and the plant growth is promoted.
In addition, the raw materials used in the application are mostly natural materials, are safe and nontoxic, have little damage to the environment and high biological safety, and especially the attapulgite and the kaolin are all materials with good biological safety, so that the environment is friendly, and the plant growth can be assisted; and the cost of each raw material is low, the preparation process is simple, and the use process is simple and feasible.
Preferably, before the attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide are weighed in the step (1), the four raw materials are ground and sieved to obtain 200-400 meshes of powder.
Preferably, after the four materials in the step (2) are added into absolute ethyl alcohol, the materials are magnetically stirred for 10-12 min, and the rotating speed is 350-400 rpm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the stirring time is 8-12 hours, and the rotating speed is 300-350 rpm.
Preferably, the dry product in the step (4) is ground to 200-400 mesh powder.
The second aspect of the application provides a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator prepared by the preparation method.
The third aspect of the present application provides an application of the above-mentioned variable wettability regulator for surfaces of photovoltaic plant leaves:
(1) The variable wettability regulator of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf is 1-3 mg/cm 2 Is dispersed on the surface of the plant leaf, and the surface of the plant leaf is in a hydrophobic state;
(2) And (3) placing the plants in the step (1) under ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 230-290 nm, irradiating for 1-3 h, and converting the plant leaves into a hydrophilic state.
Preferably, the wettability of the plant leaf surface is adjusted by measuring the contact angle between the plant leaf surface and water to determine the wettability of the regulator on the plant leaf surface, wherein the contact angle is in a hydrophilic state within a range of 0-90 degrees, and the contact angle is in a hydrophobic state within a range of 90-180 degrees.
Preferably, the application of the variable regulator for the wettability of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf further comprises the following detection steps:
(1) Spraying herbicide to the plants dispersed with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, and detecting the attachment rate of the plant leaf surface to the herbicide after 10-15 min;
(2) Spraying the plant with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator dispersed for 1-3 h by ultraviolet irradiation, and detecting the attachment rate of the plant leaf surface to the leaf fertilizer after 10-15 min.
Preferably, the adhesion rate calculation formulas of the herbicide and the foliar fertilizer on the surfaces of the plant leaves are respectively as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = attachment amount of leaf surface herbicide after spraying the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator/amount of herbicide sprayed x 100%;
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
The beneficial effects are that: the application can reflect the effect of the grass protective agent on the change of the wettability of the crop surface by detecting the attachment rate of the herbicide and the foliar fertilizer on the crop surface.
The application has the advantages that:
1. the application combines the attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, wherein the nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide can be modified on the attapulgite and kaolin carrier materials to form a micro-nano structure together, and hydrogen-containing silicone oil is adopted to carry out surface modification on the composite material, so as to prepare the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator;
2. the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator is a hydrophobic material, and is dispersed on plant leaves, and the components act together to reconstruct the shape of the plant surface, so that the surface of the plant leaf is rendered hydrophobic; under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, the composite nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide respond to the irradiation, so that the wettability of the plant leaf surface is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity; similarly, under the condition of infrared illumination, the surface of the plant leaf can be restored from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, so that the surface of the plant leaf has the capability of interconversion between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity;
3. in practical agricultural application, the surface of the plant is coated with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, so that the surface of the plant leaf is in a hydrophobic state, and the herbicide is applied at the moment, so that the adhesion of the herbicide on the leaf surface of the crop can be effectively reduced, and the harm of the herbicide to the crop is further reduced; when the foliar fertilizer is required to be applied, the surface of the plant leaf is converted into a hydrophilic state through ultraviolet irradiation, so that the normal absorption of the foliar fertilizer is realized; after the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, natural infrared light irradiates to enable the surface of the plant leaf to be restored to a hydrophobic state. Therefore, the regulation and control of the wettability of the plant leaf surface can be realized through the regulation of ultraviolet light and infrared light, the protection of the plant leaf surface can be realized, the adhesion and absorption of the plant to the leaf fertilizer are not influenced, and the plant growth is promoted;
4. the raw materials used in the application are mostly natural materials, are safe and nontoxic, have little damage to the environment and high biological safety, and especially the attapulgite and the kaolin are all materials with good biological safety, so the application is environment-friendly and can help the plant to grow; and the cost of each raw material is low, the preparation process is simple, and the use process is simple and feasible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in wettability of plant leaf surfaces in example 1 of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of the contact angle of the plant leaf with water with the irradiation time of ultraviolet rays in example 1 of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The test materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Those of skill in the art, without any particular mention of the techniques or conditions, may follow the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or follow the product specifications.
Example 1
The first aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a variable wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf, including the following steps:
(1) Respectively grinding attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, sieving to obtain 200 mesh powder, and respectively weighing for later use.
(2) The attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide weighed in the step (1) are mixed according to the following ratio of 3:3:1:1, uniformly stirring, adding into 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing on a magnetic stirrer, stirring for 10min at 400rpm, and preparing into suspension with the concentration of 100 g/L.
(3) 4mL of hydrogen-containing silicone oil was added to the suspension obtained in the step (2), so that the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension was 40mL/L, the stirring time was 8 hours, and the rotational speed was 300rpm.
(4) And (3) performing rotary evaporation and drying on the solution obtained in the step (3), and grinding the obtained product to 200 meshes to obtain the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The second application of this example provides a photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator prepared by the above method.
In a third aspect, the present embodiment provides an application of a variable-wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf. The plants of this example were selected from Arabidopsis thaliana, water was sprayed onto the surface of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and the contact angle of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface with water was observed, and photographs were taken as shown in FIG. 1-a.
(1) The prepared variable regulator for the wettability of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf is added at the ratio of 2mg/cm 2 Is coated on the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf; then water is sprayed on the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf, the contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water is measured, and the photographed image is shown in the figure 1-b, and the Arabidopsis leaf surface is in a hydrophobic state.
1mL of herbicide is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the variable wettability regulator for the surfaces of the photoinduced plant leaves, the herbicide is selected from 1g/L glyphosate solution, and the attachment rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = the attachment amount of the herbicide to the leaf surface/the amount of herbicide applied x 100% after spraying the variable-wettability regulator to the leaf surface of the photo-induced plant.
(2) And (2) placing the arabidopsis thaliana coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator under ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 254nm for irradiation, then spraying water on the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and measuring the contact angle between the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and water to obtain the change of the contact angle between the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and water along with the ultraviolet irradiation time, wherein the change of the contact angle between the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and the water is shown in figure 2. It can be seen that the contact angle of the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf with water is rapidly reduced by the ultraviolet irradiation to 68 deg. after 80 min. Wherein the photo taken when the ultraviolet light is irradiated for 2 hours is shown in fig. 1-c, and it can be seen that the plant leaves are converted into a hydrophilic state at this time.
1mL of foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator and irradiated by ultraviolet light for 2 hours, 1g/L urea aqueous solution is adopted as the foliar fertilizer, and the adhesion rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
(3) After the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, the arabidopsis thaliana is placed under the infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm and irradiated for 2 hours, then water is sprayed on the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and the contact angle between the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and water is measured to be 123 degrees, so that the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf is restored to be in a hydrophobic state.
Example 2
The first aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a variable wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf, including the following steps:
(1) Respectively grinding attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, sieving to obtain 200 mesh powder, and respectively weighing for later use.
(2) The attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide weighed in the step (1) are mixed according to the following ratio of 2:2:1:1, uniformly stirring, adding into 80mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing on a magnetic stirrer, stirring for 10min at 400rpm, and preparing into a suspension with the concentration of 70 g/L.
(3) 2mL of hydrogen-containing silicone oil was added to the suspension obtained in the step (2), so that the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension was 25mL/L, the stirring time was 8 hours, and the rotational speed was 300rpm.
(4) And (3) performing rotary evaporation and drying on the solution obtained in the step (3), and grinding the obtained product to 200 meshes to obtain the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The second application of this example provides a photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator prepared by the above method.
In a third aspect, the present embodiment provides an application of a variable-wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf. The plants of this example were selected from Arabidopsis thaliana, and water was sprayed onto the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to observe the contact angle between the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and water.
(1) The prepared variable regulator for the wettability of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf is 1mg/cm 2 Is coated on the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf; then, water was sprayed onto the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf, and the contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water was measured, at which time the Arabidopsis leaf surface was in a hydrophobic state.
1mL of herbicide is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the variable wettability regulator for the surfaces of the photoinduced plant leaves, the herbicide is selected from 1g/L glyphosate solution, and the attachment rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = the attachment amount of the herbicide to the leaf surface/the amount of herbicide applied x 100% after spraying the variable-wettability regulator to the leaf surface of the photo-induced plant.
(2) The contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water was measured by placing Arabidopsis coated with a variable wettability regulator for photoinduced plant leaf surface under irradiation of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254nm, and then spraying water onto the Arabidopsis leaf surface. When the ultraviolet light irradiates for 1h, the plant leaves are converted into a hydrophilic state.
1mL of foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator and irradiated by ultraviolet light for 1h, 1g/L urea aqueous solution is adopted as the foliar fertilizer, and the adhesion rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
(3) After the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, the arabidopsis thaliana is placed under the infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm and irradiated for 2 hours, then water is sprayed on the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and the contact angle between the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and water is measured to be 127 degrees, so that the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf is restored to a hydrophobic state.
Example 3
The first aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a variable wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf, including the following steps:
(1) Respectively grinding attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, sieving to obtain 200 mesh powder, and respectively weighing for later use.
(2) The attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide weighed in the step (1) are mixed according to the following ratio of 5:5:2:2, uniformly stirring, adding the mixture into 150mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer for stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 400rpm to prepare 150g/L suspension.
(3) 8mL of hydrogen-containing silicone oil was added to the suspension obtained in the step (2), so that the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension was 53mL/L, the stirring time was 8 hours, and the rotational speed was 300rpm.
(4) And (3) performing rotary evaporation and drying on the solution obtained in the step (3), and grinding the obtained product to 200 meshes to obtain the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The second application of this example provides a photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator prepared by the above method.
In a third aspect, the present embodiment provides an application of a variable-wettability regulator for a surface of a plant leaf. The plants of this example were selected from Arabidopsis thaliana, and water was sprayed onto the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to observe the contact angle between the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and water.
(1) The prepared variable regulator for the wettability of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf is 3mg/cm 2 Is coated on the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf; then, water was sprayed onto the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf, and the contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water was measured, at which time the Arabidopsis leaf surface was in a hydrophobic state.
1mL of herbicide is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the variable wettability regulator for the surfaces of the photoinduced plant leaves, the herbicide is selected from 1g/L glyphosate solution, and the attachment rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = the attachment amount of the herbicide to the leaf surface/the amount of herbicide applied x 100% after spraying the variable-wettability regulator to the leaf surface of the photo-induced plant.
(2) The contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water was measured by placing Arabidopsis coated with a variable wettability regulator for photoinduced plant leaf surface under irradiation of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254nm, and then spraying water onto the Arabidopsis leaf surface. When the ultraviolet light irradiates for 3 hours, the plant leaves are converted into a hydrophilic state.
1mL of foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator and irradiated by ultraviolet light for 3 hours, 1g/L urea aqueous solution is adopted as the foliar fertilizer, and the adhesion rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
(3) After the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, the arabidopsis thaliana is placed under the infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm and irradiated for 2 hours, then water is sprayed on the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and the contact angle between the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf and water is measured to be 125 degrees, so that the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf is restored to a hydrophobic state.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, herbicide and foliar fertilizer are directly sprayed on the leaf surfaces of plants, the plants select arabidopsis thaliana, water is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis thaliana leaves, and the contact angle between the surfaces of the arabidopsis thaliana leaves and the water is observed.
(1) 1mL of herbicide is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves, the herbicide is selected from a glyphosate solution with the concentration of 1g/L, and the attachment rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = attachment amount of leaf surface herbicide/amount of herbicide sprayed x 100%.
(2) And (3) spraying 1mL of foliar fertilizer on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves irradiated for 2 hours under ultraviolet light, wherein the foliar fertilizer is 1g/L urea aqueous solution, and detecting the adhesion rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount to foliar surface/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
Then placing the Arabidopsis thaliana into infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm to irradiate for 2 hours, spraying water on the surface of the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and measuring the contact angle between the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface and water.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides the application of a photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The plants of this example were selected from Arabidopsis thaliana, and water was sprayed onto the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to observe the contact angle between the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and water.
(1) The variable regulator of the surface wettability of the plant leaf prepared in example 1 was used at a rate of 2mg/cm 2 Is coated on the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf; then, water was sprayed onto the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf, and the contact angle of the Arabidopsis leaf surface with water was measured, at which time the Arabidopsis leaf surface was in a hydrophobic state.
1mL of herbicide is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the variable wettability regulator for the surfaces of the photoinduced plant leaves, the herbicide is selected from 1g/L glyphosate solution, and the attachment rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = the attachment amount of the herbicide to the leaf surface/the amount of herbicide applied x 100% after spraying the variable-wettability regulator to the leaf surface of the photo-induced plant.
(2) And (3) placing the Arabidopsis thaliana coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator under sunlight for irradiation, then spraying water on the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface, and measuring the contact angle of the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface with water. The plant leaves are still in a hydrophobic state when the sunlight irradiates for 2 hours.
1mL of foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves coated with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator and irradiated by sunlight for 2 hours, 1g/L urea aqueous solution is adopted as the foliar fertilizer, and the adhesion rate of the surfaces of the arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
Then placing the Arabidopsis thaliana into infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm to irradiate for 2 hours, spraying water on the surface of the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and measuring the contact angle between the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface and water.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example uses a commercial leaf surface protective agent on plant leaf surfaces, wherein the commercial leaf surface protective agent adopts a multifunctional plant protective agent and is purchased from Guilin New concept agriculture technology development Co., ltd; and then spraying herbicide and foliar fertilizer, wherein the plant selects Arabidopsis thaliana, spraying water on the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, and observing the contact angle between the surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and water.
(1) The surface of the arabidopsis leaf is treated with a commercial leaf surface protective agent, then 1mL of herbicide is sprayed, the herbicide is selected from 1g/L glyphosate solution, and the attachment rate of the surface of the arabidopsis leaf to the herbicide is detected after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the herbicide on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = attachment amount of leaf surface herbicide/amount of herbicide sprayed x 100%.
(2) Irradiating the treated Arabidopsis plants for 2 hours by using ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 254nm, then spraying 1mL of foliar fertilizer on the surfaces of Arabidopsis leaves, wherein the foliar fertilizer adopts 1g/L urea aqueous solution, and detecting the attachment rate of the surfaces of Arabidopsis leaves to the foliar fertilizer after 10-15 min. The calculation formula of the attachment rate of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of the plant leaf is as follows:
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount to foliar surface/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
Then placing the Arabidopsis thaliana into infrared light with the wavelength of 750-900 nm to irradiate for 2 hours, spraying water on the surface of the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf, and measuring the contact angle between the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf surface and water.
Test example 1
The survival rate and the growth condition of Arabidopsis thaliana in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 after 15 days were observed. The contact angle of the surface of the Arabidopsis leaf with water, the contact angle after irradiation with light, the herbicide attachment rate, the foliar fertilizer attachment rate, the growth condition of Arabidopsis and the survival rate of Arabidopsis after coating the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator in each of the examples and the comparative examples are summarized in Table 1.
TABLE 1 plant leaf surface wettability Change and growth Condition summary
Note that: the primary illumination is ultraviolet/solar light illumination before foliage fertilizer is sprayed, and the secondary illumination is infrared light illumination after foliage fertilizer is sprayed.
From the analysis of the results in Table 1, it is found that, in comparative example 1, when the herbicide and the foliar fertilizer are directly sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the plants, the plants die; the embodiment of the application coats the surface of the arabidopsis thaliana leaf with the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, obviously improves the contact angle between the leaf surface and water, reaches more than 130 degrees, is in a hydrophobic state, and greatly reduces the adhesion rate when the herbicide is sprayed at the moment, thereby reducing the harm of the herbicide to plants.
Compared with comparative examples 2 and 3, the arabidopsis thaliana coated with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator in the embodiment of the application has obviously reduced contact angle between the leaf surface and water after being irradiated by ultraviolet light, reaches below 90 degrees and is in a hydrophilic state; at the moment, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the adhesion quantity is obviously improved, and the plant growth is promoted.
The implementation principle of the application is as follows: the application combines the attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide, the nano zinc oxide and the nano titanium oxide can be modified on the attapulgite and kaolin carrier materials to form a micro-nano structure together, and hydrogen-containing silicone oil is adopted to carry out surface modification on the composite materials, so as to prepare the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
The photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator is a hydrophobic material, and is dispersed on plant leaves, and the components act together to reconstruct the shape of the plant surface, so that the surface of the plant leaf is rendered hydrophobic; under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, the composite nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide respond to the irradiation, so that the wettability of the plant leaf surface is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity; similarly, under the condition of infrared illumination, the surface of the plant leaf can be restored from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, so that the surface of the plant leaf has the capability of interconversion between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity.
In practical agricultural application, the surface of the plant is coated with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, so that the surface of the plant leaf is in a hydrophobic state, and the herbicide is applied at the moment, so that the adhesion of the herbicide on the leaf surface of the crop can be effectively reduced, and the harm of the herbicide to the crop is further reduced; when the foliar fertilizer is required to be applied, the surface of the plant leaf is converted into a hydrophilic state through ultraviolet irradiation, so that the normal absorption of the foliar fertilizer is realized; after the foliar fertilizer is absorbed, natural infrared light irradiates to enable the surface of the plant leaf to be restored to a hydrophobic state. Therefore, the regulation and control of the wettability of the plant leaf surface can be realized through the regulation of ultraviolet light and infrared light, the protection of the plant leaf surface can be realized, the adhesion and absorption of the plant to the foliar fertilizer are not influenced, and the plant growth is promoted.
In addition, the raw materials used in the application are mostly natural materials, are safe and nontoxic, have little damage to the environment and high biological safety, and especially the attapulgite and the kaolin are all materials with good biological safety, so that the environment is friendly, and the plant growth can be assisted; and the cost of each raw material is low, the preparation process is simple, and the use process is simple and feasible.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide powder for standby;
(2) The attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide weighed in the step (1) are mixed according to the following ratio of 2-5: 2 to 5: 1-2: mixing 1-2 mass ratio, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare suspension with the concentration of 70-150 g/L;
(3) Adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil into the suspension obtained in the step (2) to ensure that the concentration of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the suspension is 20-60 mL/L, and stirring uniformly.
(4) And (3) performing rotary evaporation on the solution obtained in the step (3) and drying to obtain a product, namely the photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator.
2. The method for preparing the variable regulator for the wettability of the surfaces of the leaves of plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: before the attapulgite, kaolin, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium oxide are weighed in the step (1), the four raw materials are ground and sieved to obtain 200-400 mesh powder.
3. The method for preparing the variable regulator for the wettability of the surfaces of the leaves of plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (2) adding the four materials into absolute ethyl alcohol, and magnetically stirring for 10-12 min at the rotating speed of 350-400 rpm.
4. The method for preparing the variable regulator for the wettability of the surfaces of the leaves of plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), the stirring time is 8-12 h, and the rotating speed is 300-350 rpm.
5. The method for preparing the variable regulator for the wettability of the surfaces of the leaves of plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) grinding the dried product in the step (4) to powder of 200-400 meshes.
6. A photoinduced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Use of a variable regulator of the wettability of the surface of a leaf of a plant according to claim 6, characterized in that:
(1) The variable wettability regulator of the surface of the photoinduced plant leaf is 1-3 mg/cm 2 Is dispersed on the surface of the plant leaf, and the surface of the plant leaf is in a hydrophobic state;
(2) And (3) placing the plants in the step (1) under ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 230-290 nm, irradiating for 1-3 h, and converting the plant leaves into a hydrophilic state.
8. The use of a variable regulator of the wettability of the surface of leaves of a plant according to claim 7, characterized in that: the wettability of the plant leaf surface is regulated by the regulator through measuring the contact angle between the plant leaf surface and water, wherein the contact angle is in a hydrophilic state within a range of 0-90 degrees, and the contact angle is in a hydrophobic state within a range of 90-180 degrees.
9. The use of a variable regulator of the wettability of the surface of leaves of a plant according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method also comprises the following detection steps:
(1) Spraying herbicide to the plants dispersed with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator, and detecting the attachment rate of the plant leaf surface to the herbicide after 10-15 min;
(2) Spraying the plant with the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator dispersed for 1-3 h by ultraviolet irradiation, and detecting the attachment rate of the plant leaf surface to the leaf fertilizer after 10-15 min.
10. The use of a variable regulator of the wettability of the surface of leaves of a plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: the calculation formulas of the attachment rates of the herbicide and the foliar fertilizer on the surfaces of the plant leaves are as follows:
herbicide attachment rate = attachment amount of leaf surface herbicide after spraying the photo-induced plant leaf surface wettability variable regulator/amount of herbicide sprayed x 100%;
foliar fertilizer attachment rate = foliar fertilizer attachment amount of foliar fertilizer to the foliar surface after spraying the photo-induced plant foliar surface wettability variable regulator/amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed x 100%.
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