CN116927267A

CN116927267A - Autonomous power-exchanging type loader and power exchanging method

Info

Publication number: CN116927267A
Application number: CN202311020641.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭锋; 柯金鐤; 陈德伟; 赵建杰; 刘荣光; 肖育波; 龙由辉; 甘兴; 庞浩; 曾业恒
Original assignee: Fujian Jingong New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Jingong New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-14
Filing date: 2023-08-14
Publication date: 2023-10-24

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery and discloses an autonomous power-exchanging type loader and a power-exchanging method. The application aims to provide a new energy loader capable of directly completing quick replacement of an electric box at a working site, which can save time and labor cost.

Description

Autonomous power-exchanging type loader and power exchanging method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an autonomous power-exchanging type loader and a power exchanging method.

Background

The electric engineering equipment gradually replaces the old internal combustion engine engineering equipment, however, the loader lamp engineering mechanical equipment has very high energy consumption due to long-term heavy operation, and the problem of endurance anxiety of the electric engineering equipment can be effectively solved by changing the electricity.

However, the current power exchange operation of the loader is usually performed in a power exchange station, and not only the power exchange station needs to be built, but also special power exchange equipment needs to be configured, which occupies a considerable proportion in the investment cost and the operation cost of the new energy loader.

Although the power exchanging mode is suitable for the new energy loader cluster, the new energy loader is not more, continuous operation is needed, the route investment cost for constructing the power exchanging station is high, and each power exchanging is needed to be carried out in the power exchanging station, so that the power exchanging operation of the new energy loader is complicated, and the time cost and the labor cost are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The application mainly aims to provide an autonomous power-exchanging type loader and a power-exchanging method, and aims to provide a new energy loader capable of directly completing quick replacement of an electric box at a working site, so that time and labor cost are saved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an autonomous power conversion type loader, comprising:

the frame body comprises a front frame and a rear frame, the rear frame is hinged with the front frame, and the rear frame is provided with a mounting surface;

the power conversion device comprises a frame, a telescopic mechanism and a hoisting mechanism, wherein the frame is arranged on the mounting surface and is detachably connected with the rear frame, the telescopic mechanism comprises a first driving piece and a telescopic part, the first driving piece is arranged on the frame and is connected with the telescopic part, at least part of the telescopic part is movably arranged on the frame, the first driving piece drives the telescopic part to move in a telescopic way along a first direction, the hoisting mechanism comprises a second driving piece and a connecting part, the second driving piece is arranged on the telescopic part and is connected with the connecting part, and the second driving piece drives the connecting part to move along a second direction;

the electric box is detachably connected with the connecting part and is provided with a plug; and

the electric control system comprises a controller and a socket electrically connected with the controller, and the socket is arranged on the rear frame or the rack and is used for being inserted with the plug;

the first direction and the second direction form an included angle, and the telescopic mechanism and the hoisting mechanism are electrically connected with the electric control system.

Optionally, the autonomous power conversion loader further comprises a bucket assembly comprising:

the two movable arms are arranged at intervals, and the first ends of the two movable arms are hinged with the front frame;

the connecting rod is arranged between the two movable arms and is connected with the two movable arms;

a bucket hinged to the second ends of the two boom arms; and

the lifting oil cylinder is arranged on the front vehicle body, and the output end of the lifting oil cylinder is in driving connection with the connecting rod and is used for driving the connecting rod to drive the movable arm to rotate relative to the front vehicle frame.

Optionally, the bucket assembly further comprises a rocker arm, a pull rod and a turnover oil cylinder, wherein the rocker arm is hinged with the connecting rod, one end of the pull rod is connected with the rocker arm, the other end of the pull rod is connected with the bucket, the turnover oil cylinder is arranged on the front car body, and the output end of the turnover oil cylinder is in driving connection with the rocker arm and is used for driving the rocker arm to drive the bucket to rotate relative to the rocker arm.

Optionally, the autonomous power conversion loader further comprises a drive system, the drive system comprising:

the driving axle mechanism is arranged below the frame body and used for bearing the frame body, and comprises a bridge frame body and a transmission shaft, and the output end of the transmission shaft is in driving connection with the input end of the bridge frame body; and

the speed change mechanism is arranged on the rear vehicle body and comprises a speed change box and a driving motor, the input end and the output end of the speed change box are respectively in driving connection with the output end of the driving motor and the input end of the transmission shaft, and the input end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the electric control system.

Optionally, the driving end of the first drive is provided with a first gear, and the telescopic part includes:

the base arm is arranged on the frame and is provided with a base guide rail;

the first telescopic arm is limited on the base guide rail in a sliding way, the first telescopic arm is provided with a rack and a first guide rail, the rack extends along the first direction, the rack is positioned on one side, close to the first driving piece, of the first guide rail, and the rack is meshed with the first gear; and

the second telescopic arm is connected with the first guide rail in a sliding mode, and the second telescopic arm is provided with a second guide rail extending in the first direction.

Optionally, the telescopic part further includes a first transmission structure, the first transmission structure includes:

the two first fixed wheels are rotatably arranged at two ends of the first telescopic arm; and

the first transmission belt is sleeved on the two first fixed wheels, one side of the first transmission belt, which faces the base arm, is connected with the base arm in a clamping mode, and one side of the first transmission belt, which faces the second telescopic arm, is connected with the second telescopic arm.

Optionally, the driving end of the second driving member is provided with a second gear, and the connecting portion includes:

the supporting plate is arranged on the telescopic part and is provided with a plurality of rope passing holes;

the rope winding drum is rotationally arranged on the supporting plate, an annular tooth is arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the rope winding drum, and the annular tooth is meshed with the second gear; and

the steel ropes are penetrated through the rope passing holes, one end of each steel rope is wound on the rope winding drum, and the other end of each steel rope is connected with the electric box;

wherein, each rope passing hole surrounds the rope winding drum, and the second driving piece is arranged on the supporting plate.

Optionally, the hoisting mechanism further comprises guide wheels, and the four guide wheels are respectively arranged on the supporting plate and surround the rope drum; one end of each steel rope far away from the rope winding drum is wound on one guide wheel and penetrates through one rope passing hole.

Optionally, the power conversion device further includes two fixing mechanisms respectively disposed at two ends of the frame along the direction, and each fixing mechanism includes:

the third driving piece is provided with a telescopic driving end; and

the bolt is connected with the driving end of the third driving piece and is used for being in plug-in fit with the pin hole of the electric box.

The application also provides a power conversion method based on the autonomous power conversion type loader, which comprises the following steps:

the control electric control system keeps the normal operation of the power modules for the hoisting mechanism and the telescopic mechanism, and the rest power modules are powered off;

controlling the hoisting mechanism to hoist the original electric box by a preset height;

controlling the telescopic mechanism to extend the original electric box to the outer side of the frame body, and enabling the original electric box to be located above a preset position;

the hoisting mechanism is controlled to slowly put down the original electric box to the preset position;

locking the hoisting mechanism with a new electric box;

controlling the hoisting mechanism to hoist the new electric box by a preset height;

controlling the telescopic mechanism to retract the new electric box to the inner side of the frame body, and enabling a plug of the new electric box to be aligned with a socket;

and controlling the hoisting mechanism to slowly put down the new electric box, and enabling the plug of the new electric box to be spliced with the socket to finish power conversion.

According to the technical scheme, the autonomous power-changing loader mainly comprises a frame body and a power-changing device arranged on the frame body, wherein the power-changing device comprises a telescopic mechanism and a hoisting mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is arranged on the frame and can extend out of the frame, the hoisting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the telescopic mechanism and can extend out of the frame along with the telescopic mechanism so as to realize lifting and falling of the electric box, when power changing is required, a new electric box is conveyed to the vicinity of the loader, an electric control system is controlled to supply power, the hoisting mechanism hoists an original electric box on the frame body, the telescopic mechanism drives the hoisting mechanism to move so that the original electric box can extend out of the frame, after the hoisting mechanism places the original electric box at a preset position, the hoisting mechanism is unlocked from the original electric box and locked with the new electric box, and the telescopic mechanism and the hoisting mechanism are controlled to drive the new electric box to retract inwards until the frame body, so that a plug and a socket of the new electric box are plugged in, and power changing is realized. The application can lead the new energy loader to automatically change electricity through the electricity changing device, can directly finish the quick replacement of the electric box at the working site of the loader, saves the inbound electricity changing process and saves time and labor cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an autonomous power conversion loader according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the frame body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrical control system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the electric box of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the bucket assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the driving axle mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transmission mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the power conversion device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the telescopic mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the first telescopic arm of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the second telescopic arm of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the lifting mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the frame of FIG. 1;

fig. 14 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a power conversion method.

Reference numerals illustrate:

the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

In view of this, the present application proposes an autonomous power-exchanging type loader 1000, which aims to provide a new energy loader capable of directly completing the quick exchange of the electric box 6 at the working site, thereby saving time and labor cost. Fig. 1-13 illustrate an embodiment of an autonomous power conversion loader 1000 according to the present application. Fig. 14 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a power conversion method according to the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the application discloses an autonomous power-exchanging type loader 1000, which comprises a frame body 1, a power-exchanging device 2, an electric box 6 and an electric control system 3, wherein the frame body 1 comprises a front frame 11 and a rear frame 12, the rear frame 12 is hinged with the front frame 11, the rear frame 12 is provided with a mounting surface, the power-exchanging device 2 comprises a frame 21, a telescopic mechanism 22 and a hoisting mechanism 23, the frame 21 is arranged on the mounting surface and is detachably connected with the rear frame 12, the telescopic mechanism 22 comprises a first driving member 221 and a telescopic portion 222, the first driving member 221 is arranged on the frame 21 and is connected with the telescopic portion 222, at least part of the telescopic portion 222 is movably arranged on the frame 21, the first driving member 221 drives the telescopic portion 222 to move in a first direction, the hoisting mechanism 23 comprises a second driving member 231 and a connecting portion 232, the second driving member 231 is arranged on the telescopic portion 222 and is connected with the connecting portion 232, the second driving member 231 drives the connecting portion 232 in a second direction, the electric box 6 is detachably connected with the connecting portion 232, the electric control system 6 is provided with a plug, the electric control system 3 comprises a socket 31, the socket 31 or the rear frame 21 is arranged in a second direction and is connected with the electric control system 23, and the electric control system is arranged in an included angle between the first direction and the electric control system 23.

In the technical scheme of the application, the autonomous power-changing loader 1000 mainly comprises a frame body 1 and a power-changing device 2 arranged on the frame body 1, wherein the power-changing device 2 comprises a telescopic mechanism 22 and a lifting mechanism 23, the telescopic mechanism 22 is arranged on the frame 21 and can extend out of the frame 21, the lifting mechanism 23 is arranged at the top end of the telescopic mechanism 22, and can extend out of the frame 21 along with the telescopic mechanism 22 so as to realize lifting and falling of the electric box 6, when power needs to be changed, a new electric box 6 is conveyed to the vicinity of the loader, the electric control system 3 is controlled to supply power, the lifting mechanism 23 lifts an original electric box 6 positioned on the frame body 1, the telescopic mechanism 22 drives the lifting mechanism 23 to move so that the original electric box 6 can extend out of the frame 21, after the lifting mechanism 23 places the original electric box 6 at a preset position, the lifting mechanism 23 is unlocked from the original electric box 6 and locked with the new electric box 6, and the telescopic mechanism 22 and the lifting mechanism 23 are controlled to drive the new electric box 6 to retract inwards until the frame body 1, so that a plug of the new electric box 6 is plugged into a socket 31, and the power needs to be changed. The application can lead the new energy loader to automatically change electricity through the electricity changing device 2, can directly finish the quick replacement of the electric box 6 at the working site of the loader, saves the inbound electricity changing process and saves time and labor cost.

It should be noted that, referring to fig. 2, the frame body 1 refers to a main structural frame of an automobile, for carrying and supporting each component module of the loader, the frame body 1 is generally composed of a front frame 11 and a rear frame 12, the front frame 11 is a frame structure at the front part of the loader, and is responsible for carrying important component modules such as a front suspension system, a steering system and a working device system, and is generally made of steel or aluminum alloy, having sufficient strength and rigidity to bear the weight and various forces of the vehicle, the rear frame 12 is a frame structure hinged at the rear part of the front frame 11, and is responsible for carrying rear components of the vehicle, such as a rear suspension system, a driving system 5, an electric control integrated system, a cockpit, a power conversion device 2, an electric box 6 and the like, the design of the rear frame 12 generally considers the balance and operability of the vehicle, and the distribution of the rear load, and the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 are connected by hinges, so that the vehicle can have a certain flexibility of steering and suspension during running, the hinges are generally made of iron plates or steel pipes, and have sufficient strength and reliability to bear the forces and torque of the vehicle. The frame body 1 is a basic structure of the vehicle, and has an important influence on the performance and safety of the vehicle, so that the whole frame body 1 needs to be designed and manufactured in consideration of factors such as safety, rigidity, strength and weight of the loader, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the loader under various road conditions.

Referring to fig. 3, the electronic control system 3 refers to a power control system of a loader, and is a system for managing and controlling power supply and distribution of a vehicle, and is mainly responsible for managing a battery, a generator, a charging system, power consumption equipment, etc. of the vehicle to ensure safety and efficiency of power supply and use of the vehicle. In an embodiment of the present application, the electric control system 3 includes a controller 32 and a socket 31 electrically connected to the controller 32, where the socket 31 is disposed on the rear frame 12 or the frame 21 and is used for plugging with a plug, and the controller 32 can monitor and manage the state of the electric box 6 of the loader, including the electric quantity, voltage, temperature, etc. of the electric box 6, and can control the charging and discharging processes of the battery to ensure the normal operation and service life of the battery, and in addition, the controller 32 can supply power to different component modules according to different operation states of the loader, and can manage the distribution of power according to the priority and requirement, so as to ensure the normal operation of each device and the effective utilization of the power, so as to ensure the normal operation of the loader. In other embodiments, the electric control system 3 further includes an electric control integrated frame 34 and a water-cooling radiator 33 disposed on the rear frame 12, the controller 32 and the water-cooling radiator 33 are integrally mounted on the electric control integrated frame 34, and the water-cooling radiator 33 is used for cooling the controller 32 or the electric control components or hydraulic oil.

The telescopic mechanism 22 can be assembled by a plurality of telescopic arms and driven by the driving motor 522, or driven by a cylinder, and the lifting mechanism 23 is arranged at the output end of the cylinder, so that the telescopic mechanism 22 is formed by movably connecting a plurality of telescopic arms which are sequentially connected.

The hoisting mechanism 23 may be a cantilever crane or a hoist, and in one embodiment of the present application, the hoisting mechanism 23 is disposed at the telescopic portion 222 of the telescopic mechanism 22, the hoisting mechanism 23 is a hoist, and drives the hoist by a motor to implement winding and unwinding, and the hoist has a characteristic of strong lifting capability due to the heavy weight of the electric box 6, so that the hoist can cope with carrying work of the electric box 6 with various weight levels. Secondly, the winch has flexibility, can perform hoisting operation in horizontal and vertical directions, and is suitable for various scenes and working environments. In addition, the winch is high in efficiency, simple and convenient to operate, capable of improving working efficiency, achieving accurate position control and being beneficial to accurately positioning objects, and is provided with a safety device and an emergency braking system, and safety and reliability in the working process can be guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 4, the electric box 6 includes a frame, a battery module 61, a water cooling unit, a plug 62, a charging socket, etc., where a plurality of holes can be provided on the frame to fix with the hoisting mechanism 23 by pins, and the battery module in the electric box sends electric quantity to the driving motor 522 through the plug 62 via the socket 31 and the electric control system 2, and the water cooling unit is used for cooling the battery module.

In order to facilitate the loader to excavate, load and transport materials, referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present application, the autonomous power-changing loader 1000 further includes a bucket assembly 4, the bucket assembly 4 includes two movable arms 41, a connecting rod 42, a bucket 43 and a lifting cylinder, the two movable arms 41 are disposed at intervals, the first ends of the two movable arms 41 are hinged with the front frame 11, the connecting rod 42 is disposed between the two movable arms 41 and connects the two movable arms 41, the bucket 43 is hinged with the second ends of the two movable arms 41, the lifting cylinder is disposed on the front frame, and the output end of the lifting cylinder is driven to connect the connecting rod 42 for driving the connecting rod 42 to drive the movable arms 41 to rotate relative to the front frame 11. The boom 41 is usually made of iron or steel and has sufficient strength and rigidity to bear load of the loader during excavation and loading, the connecting rod 42 is a member connecting the two booms 41 together, by means of a hinge or other connection means, so that the boom 41 can move or rotate relative to the frame body 1 to enable the bucket 43 to be lifted or lowered, the bucket 43 is usually made of metal and has strength and wear resistance, the lifting cylinder is a member for controlling lifting movement of the bucket 43, and is usually composed of a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic system, the hydraulic cylinder is a sealed metal cylinder body with a piston therein, the piston is moved upward by hydraulic force when hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder, thereby lifting the bucket 43, and conversely, the piston is moved downward by the force of gravity when hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder, so that the bucket 43 is lowered, the hydraulic system is a system for providing hydraulic force, which is composed of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic valve, and the like, the hydraulic oil is pulled out of the tank by rotation, and the flow direction and flow of hydraulic oil are controlled by the hydraulic valve, thereby controlling movement of the hydraulic oil. The lifting oil cylinder is used for controlling the lifting movement of the bucket 43, so that the lifting oil cylinder can adapt to different working requirements, and the stable lifting of the bucket 43 can be realized by controlling the hydraulic pressure and flow in a hydraulic system, so that the working efficiency and the safety are improved.

In order to further facilitate the realization of different working effects of the bucket 43 of the loader, in an embodiment of the present application, the bucket assembly 4 further includes a rocker arm 44, a pull rod 45, and a tilting cylinder 46, wherein the rocker arm 44 is hinged with the connecting rod 42, one end of the pull rod 45 is connected with the rocker arm 44, the other end is connected with the bucket 43, the tilting cylinder 46 is disposed on the front vehicle body, and the output end of the tilting cylinder 46 is in driving connection with the rocker arm 44 for driving the rocker arm 44 to drive the bucket 43 to rotate relative to the rocker arm 44. The swing arm 44 is rotatable about the connecting rod 42 under the drive of the tilt cylinder 46 to rotate and swing the bucket 43 in a horizontal direction to facilitate dumping and unloading of excavated material by the loader to accommodate different work requirements.

In the running process of the loader, the normal running of the loader is generally ensured by the driving system 5, referring to fig. 6 and 7, in an embodiment of the application, the autonomous power-changing loader 1000 further includes the driving system 5, the driving system 5 includes a driving axle mechanism 51 and a speed changing mechanism 52, the driving axle mechanism 51 is disposed below the frame 1 and is used for carrying the frame 1, the driving axle mechanism 51 includes a bridge 511 and a transmission shaft 512, an output end of the transmission shaft 512 is in driving connection with an input end of the bridge 511, the speed changing mechanism 52 is disposed on the rear vehicle body, the speed changing mechanism 52 includes a gearbox 521 and a driving motor 522, an input end and an output end of the gearbox 521 are respectively in driving connection with an output end of the driving motor 522 and an input end of the transmission shaft 512, and an input end of the driving motor 522 is electrically connected with the electronic control system 3. It will be appreciated that the drive axle mechanism 51 is an important component of the loader and is responsible for transmitting the power of the drive motor 522 to the wheels to meet the power demands of the vehicle, typically a front drive axle and a rear drive axle, to effect forward or reverse drive of the loader and to ensure vehicle stability and handling. The speed change mechanism 52 is used for providing different rotation speeds and torques for the drive axle mechanism 51 to adapt to different driving conditions, and the speed change box 521 changes the power transmission proportion by changing different gear sets, so as to adjust the rotation speed and the torque output by the engine and realize different gears and speeds.

In order to fix the telescopic mechanism 22, referring to fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, in an embodiment of the present application, a first gear 2211 is disposed at a driving end of the first driving member 221, the first gear 2211 is meshed with a rack 22221, the telescopic portion 222 includes a base arm 2221, a first telescopic arm 2222 and a second telescopic arm 2223, the base arm 2221 is disposed on the frame 21 by a bolt, and the base arm 2221 is provided with a base rail 22211 for sliding the first telescopic arm 2222; the first telescopic arm 2222 is limited on the base guide rail 22211 in a sliding manner, and can slide on the base guide rail 22211 to realize telescopic movement, in order to drive the first telescopic arm 2222 to move, the first telescopic arm 2222 is provided with a rack 22221, the rack 22221 is positioned on one side of the first guide rail 22222, which is close to the first driving piece 221, and transmission is realized by meshing with a first gear 2211 at the output end of the first driving piece 221; to realize the extension and retraction of the second telescopic arm 2223, the first telescopic arm 2222 is provided with a first guide rail 22222 extending along the first direction, the second telescopic arm 2223 is movably provided on the first guide rail 22222, the second telescopic arm 2223 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 22222, and the second telescopic arm 2223 is provided with a second guide rail 22231 extending along the first direction. When the telescopic mechanism 22 is required to be telescopic, the output end of the first driving member 221 drives the first gear 2211 to rotate, so as to drive the telescopic arm with the rack 22221 to move, so as to drive the first telescopic arm 2222 to extend or retract relative to the base arm 2221.

In order to achieve simultaneous expansion and contraction of the second expansion arm 2223 and the first expansion arm 2222, in an embodiment of the present application, the first expansion arm 2222 further includes a first transmission structure 2224, the first transmission structure 2224 includes two first fixed wheels 22241 and a first transmission belt 22242 sleeved on the two first fixed wheels 22241, the first fixed wheels 22241 are rotatably arranged at two ends of the first expansion arm 2222, the first transmission belt 22242 is sleeved on the two first fixed wheels 22241, one side of the first transmission belt 22242 facing the base arm 2221 is connected with the base arm 2221 in a clamping manner, one side of the first transmission belt 22242 facing the second expansion arm 2223 is connected with the second expansion arm 2223, and when the first expansion arm 2222 extends outwards, a clamping groove of the first expansion arm 2222 clamps the first transmission belt 22242 to drive the first transmission belt 22242 to move, so as to drive the second expansion arm 2223 connected with the first transmission belt 22242 to extend outwards; when the first telescopic arm 2222 is retracted to the inside, the second telescopic arm 2223 is similarly retracted.

For fixedly mounting the hoisting mechanism 23, a mounting table (not shown) is arranged on the second telescopic arm 2223, specifically, a fixing column is arranged on the mounting table, the fixing column is clamped with a fixing groove (not shown) of the electric box 6 to fix the electric box 6, the mounting table is limited on a second guide rail 22231 of the second telescopic arm 2223 in a sliding manner to obtain a longer telescopic stroke, and can be simultaneously extended or contracted along with the extension or the contraction of the second telescopic arm 2223, the second telescopic arm 2223 further comprises a second transmission structure 2225, the second transmission structure 2225 comprises two second fixing wheels 22251 and a second transmission belt 22252 sleeved on the two second fixing wheels 22251, the second fixing wheels 22251 are rotatably sleeved on two ends of the second telescopic arm 2223, a second transmission belt 22252 is sleeved on the two second fixing wheels 22251, one side of the second transmission belt 22252 facing the first telescopic arm 2222 is clamped and connected with the first telescopic arm 2, and one side of the second transmission belt 22252 faces the mounting table is connected with the mounting table, and when the second transmission belt 22248 is connected with the second transmission belt 22248 in an extending manner, and the second transmission belt is stretched out of the second transmission belt 22232 when the second transmission belt is driven to extend outwards and is stretched out of the mounting table 22248; when the second telescopic arm 2223 is retracted to the inside, the mounting station similarly achieves the retraction.

In order to carry the electric box 6 from the rack 21 to the ground for replacement, referring to fig. 12, in an embodiment of the present application, the second driving member 231 is disposed on the supporting plate 2321, the driving end of the second driving member 231 is disposed with the second gear 2311, the hoisting mechanism 23 includes the supporting plate 2321, the rope drum 2322 and a plurality of steel ropes 2323, and specifically, the supporting plate 2321 is disposed on the mounting table or the telescopic portion 222 for supporting the whole hoisting mechanism 23. In order to realize winding and unwinding of the steel ropes 2323, the support plate 2321 is further provided with a rope winding drum 2322, the rope winding drum 2322 is rotationally arranged on the support plate 2321, an annular tooth 23221 is arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the rope winding drum 2322, the annular tooth 23221 is meshed with the second gear 2311 to realize the winding of a plurality of steel ropes 2323 by the transmission of the rope winding drum 2322, the number of the steel ropes 2323 can be four or eight, the steel ropes 2323 are provided with four as an example, the four steel ropes 2323 are penetrated out through four rope passing holes in the support plate 2321, and are arranged around the rope winding drum 2322 through each rope passing hole in the support plate 2321, one end of each steel rope 2323 is wound on the rope winding drum 2322, the other end of each steel rope 2323 is used for being connected with the electric box 6, and the second driving piece 231 is started to drive the second gear 2311 to rotate to drive the rope winding drum 2322 to wind or unwind the steel ropes 2323.

When the steel rope 2323 is in a winding and releasing state, the steel rope 2323 generates friction with the rope passing hole, so that abrasion to the steel rope 2323 is caused, and in order to prevent the steel rope 2323 from generating abrasion to the rope passing hole, in one embodiment of the application, the hoisting mechanism 23 further comprises guide wheels 2324, specifically, four guide wheels 2324 are arranged on the supporting plate 2321 in a separated mode and surround the rope winding drum 2322, one end, far away from the rope winding drum 2322, of each steel rope 2323 is wound on one guide wheel 2324 and extends downwards through the rope passing hole, and when the steel rope 2323 moves up and down, the guide wheels 2324 ensure that no friction is generated between the steel rope 2323 and the rope passing hole during guiding, so that the abrasion of the steel rope 2323 is reduced.

In order to achieve the fixing and limiting of the battery box 6, referring to fig. 13, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery replacing device 2 further includes two fixing mechanisms 24 respectively disposed at two ends of the frame 21 along the first direction, the fixing mechanisms 24 include a third driving member 241 and a plug 242, and one side of the two third driving members 241 opposite to each other is provided with a telescopic driving end, and it should be noted that the third driving member 241 may be a motor or an air cylinder, and the plug 242 is pushed by the air cylinder to achieve the plugging and fixing with the battery box 6.

Referring to fig. 14, the present application further provides a power exchanging method based on the above-mentioned autonomous power exchanging loader 1000, the power exchanging method includes the following steps:

s10: the control electric control system 3 keeps the normal operation of the power modules for the hoisting mechanism 23 and the telescopic mechanism 22, and the rest power modules are powered off;

s20: the hoisting mechanism 23 is controlled to lift the original electric box 6 by a preset height;

s30: controlling the telescopic mechanism 22 to extend the original electric box 6 to the outer side of the frame body 1, and enabling the original electric box 6 to be positioned above a preset position;

s40: the hoisting mechanism 23 is controlled to slowly put down the original electric box 6 to the preset position;

s50: locking the hoisting mechanism 23 with the new electric box 6;

s60: controlling the hoisting mechanism 23 to lift the new electric box 6 by a preset height;

s70: controlling the telescopic mechanism 22 to retract the new electric box 6 to the inner side of the frame body 1, and enabling a plug of the new electric box 6 to be aligned with the socket 31;

s80: and controlling the hoisting mechanism 23 to slowly put down the new electric box 6, and enabling a plug of the new electric box 6 to be inserted into the socket 31 to finish power change.

The specific current exchange procedure is as follows: the fully charged electric box 6 is sent to the vicinity of the self-powered loader 1000, and the loader stops the high voltage under the power failure of the operating system; starting the power change operation, firstly unlocking the fixing mechanism 24, starting the hoisting mechanism 23, lifting the electric box 6 to a certain height, separating from the bolt 242, enabling the telescopic mechanism 22 to act to send out the electric box 6, enabling the hoisting mechanism 23 to act to slowly lower the electric box 6 onto a pre-prepared tray, taking out a lifting pin at the end part of a steel wire rope of the hoisting mechanism 23 from a hoisting hole of the electric box 6, and carrying away the fed electric box 6; and then the full electric box 6 is conveyed to the position right below the hoisting mechanism 23, a hoisting pin of a steel wire rope is inserted into a hoisting hole at the top of the electric box 6, the hoisting mechanism 23 is started after locking is confirmed, the full electric box 6 is lifted to the highest point, the telescopic mechanism 22 is retracted to convey the electric box 6 into the frame 21, the electric box 6 is lowered after aligning, the bolt 242 firstly enters a positioning pin hole at the bottom of the electric box 6, the electric box 6 is slowly lowered after being guided, a plug at the bottom of the electric box 6 is inserted into the socket 31, and the fixing mechanism 24 is started to lock the electric box 6, so that the whole power conversion operation flow is completed.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather, the equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present application and the accompanying drawings or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the application.

Claims

1. An autonomous power conversion loader, comprising:

2. The self-commutated loader of claim 1, further comprising a bucket assembly comprising:

a bucket hinged to the second ends of the two boom arms; and

3. The self-powered loader of claim 2, wherein the bucket assembly further comprises a rocker arm, a pull rod, and a tilt cylinder, the rocker arm is hinged to the connecting rod, one end of the pull rod is connected to the rocker arm, the other end of the pull rod is connected to the bucket, the tilt cylinder is disposed on the front vehicle body, and an output end of the tilt cylinder is in driving connection with the rocker arm and is used for driving the rocker arm to drive the bucket to rotate relative to the rocker arm.

4. The autonomous power conversion loader of claim 1, further comprising a drive system, the drive system comprising:

5. The autonomous power conversion loader of claim 1, wherein the drive end of the first drive is provided with a first gear, and the telescoping portion comprises:

the base arm is arranged on the frame and is provided with a base guide rail;

6. The autonomous power conversion loader of claim 5, wherein the telescoping portion further comprises a first drive structure comprising:

7. The autonomous power conversion loader of claim 1, wherein the drive end of the second drive member is provided with a second gear, and the connecting portion comprises:

8. The autonomous power change loader of claim 7, wherein the hoist mechanism further comprises guide wheels, four of the guide wheels being disposed separately from the support plate and surrounding the rope drum; one end of each steel rope far away from the rope winding drum is wound on one guide wheel and penetrates through one rope passing hole.

9. The autonomous power conversion loader of claim 1, wherein the power conversion device further comprises two fixing mechanisms provided at both ends of the frame in the direction, respectively, each of the fixing mechanisms comprising:

the third driving piece is provided with a telescopic driving end; and

10. A power conversion method based on the autonomous power conversion loader according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises:

locking the hoisting mechanism with a new electric box;