CN116922764A - 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil component - Google Patents

3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116922764A
CN116922764A CN202310786771.7A CN202310786771A CN116922764A CN 116922764 A CN116922764 A CN 116922764A CN 202310786771 A CN202310786771 A CN 202310786771A CN 116922764 A CN116922764 A CN 116922764A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
controller
printing
module
charging barrel
photovoltaic panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310786771.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁吉勇
岳清瑞
吴朝昀
刘晓刚
王安妮
赵鹤
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Original Assignee
University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Publication date
Application filed by University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB filed Critical University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Priority to CN202310786771.7A priority Critical patent/CN116922764A/en
Publication of CN116922764A publication Critical patent/CN116922764A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/314—Preparation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D printing forming device of lunar soil components, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a light heat collection module, a 3D printing module and a foundation support module; the photovoltaic power generation module at least comprises a photovoltaic panel, and can automatically track the position of the sun to generate solar power; the light heat collection module at least comprises a parabolic total reflection mirror, and can automatically track the position of the sun for pose adjustment; the 3D printing module at least comprises a charging barrel which is arranged at the light focusing focus of the parabolic total reflection mirror and is provided with an electric heating element, and the photovoltaic panel supplies electric energy for the electric heating element through a wire; the foundation support module at least comprises a base, and the base is matched with the shock mount and is fixed by adopting a ground anchor. The method has the advantages of good technical feasibility, small technical difficulty, high preparation efficiency, good expansibility, strong designability and good equipment stability, fully utilizes the in-situ resources on the lunar surface and the reinforcing characteristics of continuous fibers, and realizes the 3D printing manufacture of the high-performance lunar soil component.

Description

3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil component
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil components.
Background
In 2004, china formally carries out lunar exploration engineering, namely ' Chang ' engineering, and the Chang ' engineering is completed on a lunar surface survey task at present, and the related task of building a lunar surface base is about to be carried out next. Since the earth-moon distance reaches 38 km, the earth-moon transportation cost is extremely high, and thus it is difficult to transport the materials on the earth to the lunar surface on a large scale in the construction of the lunar base. The construction of lunar bases requires full use of lunar soil resources, solar energy sources and the like on the lunar surfaces for in-situ lunar surface manufacturing.
At present, a plurality of research institutions have proposed various in-situ manufacturing technical schemes, and lunar surface in-situ resources are utilized for lunar surface base construction, so that a small amount of special materials, such as reinforcing fibers, need to be transported from earth to the moon, but the in-situ manufacturing difficulty of the lunar surface of the high-performance lunar soil component is high due to the limitation of the lunar surface in-situ resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil components, which are used for solving the technical problem that in-situ manufacturing of high-performance lunar soil components is difficult due to the limitation of lunar surface in-situ resources in the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing and molding device for lunar soil members, which includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a light heat collection module, a 3D printing module, and a base support module;
the photovoltaic power generation module at least comprises a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is configured to automatically track the position of the sun for solar power generation;
the light and heat collecting module at least comprises a parabolic total reflection mirror, and the parabolic total reflection mirror is configured to automatically track the position of the sun for pose adjustment;
the 3D printing module comprises at least one charging barrel which is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the gravity direction of the moon,
wherein the charging barrel is arranged at a light converging focus of the parabolic total reflecting mirror, converts light energy into heat energy to heat the charging barrel,
and the charging barrel is provided with an electric heating element, and the photovoltaic panel is connected to the electric heating element of the 3D printing module through at least one wire to electrically heat the charging barrel;
the foundation support module is used for supporting the photovoltaic power generation module, the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module on a lunar surface.
In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module further comprises a first sunlight tracker, a first angle adjuster, a second angle adjuster, a first controller, and a first bracket
The first sunlight tracker is arranged on the photovoltaic panel, the first controller is mounted on the first bracket, the photovoltaic panel is connected with the first bracket through the first angle regulator, and the first bracket is connected with the basic support module through the second angle regulator;
the first controller is connected with the first sunlight tracker, the first controller is connected with the first angle regulator, and the first controller is connected with the second angle regulator;
the first sunlight tracker tracks the position of the sun and sends a sun position signal to the first controller, and the first controller controls the first angle regulator and the second angle regulator to regulate the pose of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel automatically tracks the position of the sun to generate solar power.
In a preferred embodiment, the light collecting module includes a second sunlight tracker, a third angle adjuster, a fourth angle adjuster, a second controller, a second bracket, and a third bracket;
the second sunlight tracker is arranged on the parabolic total reflection mirror, the second controller is arranged on the third support, the second support is fixed with the parabolic total reflection mirror, the second support is connected with the third support through the third angle regulator, and the third support is connected with the basic support module through the fourth angle regulator;
the second controller is connected with the second sunlight tracker, the second controller is connected with the third angle regulator, and the second controller is connected with the fourth angle regulator;
the second sunlight tracker tracks the position of the sun and sends a sun position signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the third angle adjuster and the fourth angle adjuster to adjust the pose of the parabolic total reflection mirror.
In a preferred embodiment, the light and heat collection module further comprises a fourth bracket and a fifth angle adjuster;
the fourth support is fixed with the parabolic total reflecting mirror and is connected with a charging barrel of the 3D printing module through the fifth angle regulator;
the second controller is connected with the fifth angle adjuster, and controls the fifth angle adjuster to adjust the pose of the charging barrel, so that the charging barrel is always in the direction perpendicular to the gravity of the moon.
In a preferred embodiment, the 3D printing and forming device further comprises a hopper, a screw, a fiber roller, a spray head and a printing platform;
the hopper is communicated with the charging barrel, the screw rod extends into the charging barrel, the fiber roller is arranged on one side of the charging barrel, and continuous fibers are wound on the fiber roller;
the spray head is arranged on one side of the charging barrel and is communicated with the charging barrel, the screw rod is arranged in the charging barrel to reciprocate, and molten materials in the charging barrel are extruded to enter the spray head;
the print platform is arranged below the spray head, and the print platform is configured to: motion in the X, Y and Z directions;
the upper end of the spray head is provided with a round small hole for introducing continuous fibers on the fiber roller into the spray head, and the spray head extrudes molten materials and the continuous fibers to the printing platform.
In a preferred embodiment, the 3D printing and molding device further comprises a third controller and a motor;
the third controller is connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the screw rod, and the third controller controls the motor to drive the screw rod to reciprocate in the charging barrel.
In a preferred embodiment, the 3D printing and molding device further comprises a multi-axis motion device and a fourth controller;
the fourth controller is connected with the multi-axis motion device, the printing platform is arranged on the multi-axis motion device, and the multi-axis motion device is connected with the basic supporting module;
the fourth controller controls the multi-axis movement device to drive the printing platform to move in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction.
In a preferred embodiment, the base support module comprises a first base and a second base;
a first shock absorption support is fixed below the first base and is anchored on the lunar surface through a first ground, and the photovoltaic power generation module is supported above the first base;
the second shock mount is fixed below the second base, the second shock mount is anchored to the lunar surface through a second ground, and the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module are supported above the second base.
In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic panel powers the photovoltaic power generation module, the light collection module, and the 3D printing module.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing and molding method of lunar soil members, which uses the 3D printing and molding device of lunar soil members provided by the present invention to perform 3D printing and molding of lunar soil members, comprising the following method steps:
s1, preparing materials:
crushing lunar soil into particles to prepare a first material;
s2, melting:
loading a first material into a hopper of a 3D printing forming device, enabling the first material in the hopper to reach a charging barrel under the action of moon gravity, electrically heating the charging barrel by an electric heating element, and optically heating the charging barrel by a parabolic total reflection mirror to enable the first material in the charging barrel to be melted to form a second material;
s3, extruding:
the screw responds to the rotation of the motor in the charging barrel to downwards push the material to move, the second material in the charging barrel is pushed/extruded to enter the nozzle, meanwhile, the continuous fibers on the fiber roller are introduced into the nozzle, and the continuous fibers and the second material are extruded together from a nozzle at the lower end of the nozzle to form a third material;
s4, shaping:
and extruding the third material to a printing platform, and driving the printing platform to move in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction by a multi-axis movement device so that the third material is stacked layer by layer on the printing platform, and naturally cooling and shaping the third material to obtain the lunar soil component formed by 3D printing.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil components, which comprehensively utilizes two heating modes of electric heating and photo-thermal, can realize high-efficiency heating and melting of materials, has high preparation efficiency, can select a plurality of different types of materials for printing, and has good expansibility.
The invention provides a 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil components, which adopt a screw extrusion mode to improve the compactness of molten materials through screw rotary extrusion, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the lunar soil components with small technical difficulty.
The invention provides a 3D printing forming device and a method for lunar soil components, which adopt continuous fibers as reinforcing materials and realize lunar surface in-situ manufacturing of the lunar soil components through a 3D printing technology, and melt materials at a spray head and the continuous fibers are co-extruded to obtain a continuous fiber reinforced composite material, so that the mechanical property of the lunar soil components can be obviously improved, and the technical feasibility is good.
The invention provides a 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil components, which can realize 3D printing forming of lunar soil components with various shapes by regulating and controlling the motion of a multi-axis motion device, and have strong designability.
The invention provides a 3D printing forming device and a 3D printing forming method for lunar soil components, wherein a damping support is additionally arranged under a base, and the damping support is combined with a ground anchor fixing support, so that stable placement of lunar surface equipment can be realized, influence of lunar shock on equipment operation stability can be reduced, and equipment stability is good.
The 3D printing forming device and method for the lunar soil component provided by the invention have the advantages of good technical feasibility, small technical difficulty, high preparation efficiency, good expansibility, strong designability and good equipment stability, fully utilize in-situ resources on the lunar surface and the reinforcing characteristics of continuous fibers, and realize the 3D printing manufacture of the high-performance lunar soil component.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a 3D printing and molding device for lunar soil members according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are meant to encompass the elements or items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof without precluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
It should be noted that "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like are used in the present invention only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a 3D printing and molding apparatus of lunar soil members including a photovoltaic power generation module, a light heat collection module, a 3D printing module, and a base support module.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic power generation module includes a first sunlight tracker 1-1, a photovoltaic panel 1-2, a first angle adjuster 1-3, a first bracket 1-4, a first controller 1-5, a first controller bracket 1-6, and a second angle adjuster 1-7.
The photovoltaic panel 1-2 is configured to automatically track the position of the sun for solar power generation. Specifically, a first sunlight tracker 1-1 is arranged on a photovoltaic panel 1-2. Preferably, the first sunlight tracker 1-1 is arranged at one side or one corner of the photovoltaic panel 1-2, and the first sunlight tracker 1-1 is arranged at one corner of the photovoltaic panel 1-2 in this embodiment.
The first controller 1-5 is mounted on the first bracket 1-4, and further, the first controller 1-5 is fixed to the first bracket 1-4 through the first controller bracket 1-6. The photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected with the first bracket 1-4 through the first angle regulator 1-3, and the first bracket 1-4 is connected with the basic supporting module through the second angle regulator 1-7. Specifically, the first bracket 1-4 is connected with the first base 4-1 of the base support module through the second angle adjuster 1-7.
The first controller 1-5 is connected with the first sunlight tracker 1-1, the first controller 1-5 is connected with the first angle adjuster 1-3, and the first controller 1-5 is connected with the second angle adjuster 1-7. The first sunlight tracker 1-1 tracks the sun position and sends a sun position signal to the first controller 1-5, the first controller 1-5 controls the first angle regulator 1-3 and the second angle regulator 1-7 to regulate and control the movement direction of the photovoltaic panel 1-2, so that the pose of the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is regulated, the photovoltaic panel 1-2 automatically tracks the sun position to perform solar power generation, and the optimal power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is ensured.
In some embodiments, the first angle adjuster 1-3 adjusts the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel 1-2 and the second angle adjuster 1-7 adjusts the horizontal rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 1-2.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light collecting module includes a second solar tracker 2-1, a parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, a second bracket 2-3, a third angle adjuster 2-4, a third bracket 2-5, a second controller bracket 2-6, a second controller 2-7, and a fourth angle adjuster 2-8.
The parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 is configured to automatically track the sun position for pose adjustment. Specifically, the second sunlight tracker 2-1 is disposed on the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, and the second sunlight tracker 2-1 is fixed to the top end of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 in this embodiment.
The second controller 2-7 is mounted on the third bracket 2-5, and further, the second controller 2-7 is fixed to the third bracket 2-5 through the second controller bracket 2-6. The second bracket 2-3 is fixed with the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, and further, the second bracket 2-3 is fixed at the central root of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2.
The second bracket 2-3 is connected with the third bracket 2-5 through a third angle adjuster 2-4, and the third bracket 2-5 is connected with the basic supporting module through a fourth angle adjuster 2-8. In particular, the third bracket 2-5 is connected to the second base 4-2 of the base support module through a fourth angle adjuster 2-8.
The second controller 2-7 is connected with the second sunlight tracker 2-1, the second controller 2-7 is connected with the third angle regulator 2-4, and the second controller 2-7 is connected with the fourth angle regulator 2-8.
The second sunlight tracker 2-1 tracks the sun position and sends a sun position signal to the second controller 2-7, and the second controller 2-7 controls the third angle adjuster 2-4 and the fourth angle adjuster 2-8 to regulate the movement direction of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2, so that the pose of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2 is regulated, and the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2 automatically tracks the sun position.
In some embodiments, the third angle adjuster 2-4 adjusts the pitch angle of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 and the fourth angle adjuster 2-8 adjusts the horizontal rotation angle of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the 3D printing module comprises at least one cartridge 3-2, the cartridges 3-2 being arranged in a direction perpendicular to the moon gravity. Specifically, the light collecting module further includes a fourth bracket 2-9 and a fifth angle adjuster 2-10.
The fourth support 2-9 is fixed with the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, and further, the fourth support 2-9 is fixed with the second support 2-3 at the central root of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2. The fourth bracket 2-9 is connected with the charging barrel 3-2 of the 3D printing module through a fifth angle adjuster 2-10.
The second controller 2-7 is connected with the fifth angle adjuster 2-10, and the second controller 2-7 controls the fifth angle adjuster 2-10, so that the pose of the charging barrel 3-2 is adjusted, and the charging barrel 3-2 is always in a direction perpendicular to the gravity of the moon.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the 3D printing module further includes a hopper 3-1, a motor 3-3, a third controller support 3-4, a third controller 3-5, a fifth support 3-6, a fiber roller 3-7, a screw 3-8, a spray head 3-9, an electric heating element 3-10, a printing platform 3-11, a multi-axis movement device 3-12, a fourth controller support 3-13, and a fourth controller 3-14.
The 3D printing module is used for carrying out 3D printing forming on lunar soil components. Specifically, the hopper 3-1 is communicated with the feed cylinder 3-2, the screw 3-8 extends into the feed cylinder 3-2, the fiber roller 3-7 is arranged on one side of the feed cylinder 3-2, the continuous fiber is wound on the fiber roller 3-7, the feed cylinder 3-2 is arranged at the light focusing focus of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, and the feed cylinder 3-2 is provided with the electric heating element 3-10. Further, the fiber roller 3-7 is fixed to one side of the cylinder 3-2 by a fifth bracket 3-6.
Further, the electric heating element 3-10 is disposed at the middle or lower portion of the barrel 3-2, the hopper 3-1 is located at the upper end side of the barrel 3-2, and the fiber roller 3-7 is located at the upper end side of the barrel 3-2.
The spray nozzle 3-9 is arranged on one side of the feed cylinder 3-2 and communicated with the feed cylinder 3-2, the screw rod 3-8 is arranged in the feed cylinder 3-2 to reciprocate, and molten materials in the feed cylinder 3-2 are extruded into the spray nozzle 3-9. Specifically, the third controller 3-5 is connected with the motor 3-3, the output shaft of the motor 3-3 is connected with the screw rod 3-8, and the third controller 3-5 controls the motor 3-3 to drive the screw rod 3-8 to reciprocate in the charging barrel 3-2.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third controller 3-5 is connected to the electric heating element 3-10, feeds back a temperature signal to the electric heating element 3-10 through the electric heating element 3-10, temperature-controls the electric heating element 3-10, and adjusts the moving speed of the driving screw 3-8 of the motor 3-3 within the cartridge 3-2.
Further, the spray head 3-9 is located at one side of the lower end of the feed cylinder 3-2, the motor 3-3 is mounted at the upper end of the screw 3-8, and the third controller 3-5 is fixed on the motor 3-3 through the third controller bracket 3-4.
The printing platform 3-11 is arranged below the spray head 3-9, a round small hole is formed in the upper end of the spray head 3-9 and used for introducing continuous fibers on the fiber roller 3-7 into the spray head 3-9, and the spray head 3-9 extrudes molten materials and the continuous fibers to the printing platform 3-11.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the printing platform 3-11 is configured to: movement is in three directions, the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction. Specifically, the fourth controller 3-14 is connected with the multi-axis motion device 3-12, the printing platform 3-11 is installed on the multi-axis motion device 3-12, and the multi-axis motion device 3-12 is connected with the basic supporting module. Further, the fourth controller 3-14 is fixed to one side of the bottom of the multi-axis motion device 3-12 through a fourth controller bracket 3-13; the multi-axis motion device 3-12 is fixed with the second base 4-2 of the base support module.
The fourth controller 3-14 controls the multi-axis moving device 3-12 to drive the printing platform 3-11 to move in three directions of X direction, Y direction and Z direction.
In some embodiments, the multi-axis motion device 3-12 is at least one of gantry, robotic, mobile, tower, and combination.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic panel 1-2 supplies power to the photovoltaic power generation module, the light collection module and the 3D printing module.
Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected to the first solar tracker 1-1, the first angle adjuster 1-3, the first controller 1-5 and the second angle adjuster 1-7 through the first wire 1-8, and supplies power to the first solar tracker 1-1, the first angle adjuster 1-3, the first controller 1-5 and the second angle adjuster 1-7.
The photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected with the motor 3-3, the third controller 3-5 and the electric heating element 3-10 through the second lead wire 1-9, and supplies power to the motor 3-3, the third controller 3-5 and the electric heating element 3-10.
The photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected with the fourth controller 3-14 and the multi-axis motion device 3-12 through the third lead wire 1-10, and supplies power to the fourth controller 3-14 and the multi-axis motion device 3-12.
The photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected with the second sunlight tracker 2-1, the third angle regulator 2-4, the second controller 2-7, the fourth angle regulator 2-8 and the five angle regulator 2-10 through the third lead wire 1-11, and supplies power to the second sunlight tracker 2-1, the third angle regulator 2-4, the second controller 2-7, the fourth angle regulator 2-8 and the five angle regulator 2-10.
The charging barrel 3-2 is arranged at the light converging focus of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2, and converts light energy into heat energy to perform light heating on the charging barrel 3-2. In some preferred embodiments, the light converging focal point of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 is focused at a central position of the barrel 3-2.
The second sunlight tracker 2-1 tracks the sun position and sends a sun position signal to the second controller 2-7, the second controller 2-7 controls the third angle adjuster 2-4 and the fourth angle adjuster 2-8, regulates the movement direction of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2, regulates the pose of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2 to enable the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2 to automatically track the sun position, and simultaneously the second controller 2-7 controls the fifth angle adjuster 2-10, so that the pose of the charging barrel 3-2 is regulated, the charging barrel 3-2 is always in the direction perpendicular to the lunar gravity, and ensures that the light converging focus of the parabolic total reflecting mirror 2-2 is focused at the middle position of the charging barrel 3-2.
The cartridge 3-2 of the present invention is provided with an electric heating element 3-10, and the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected to the electric heating element 3-10 of the 3D printing module by at least one wire (in this embodiment, the electric heating element 3-10 is connected by the second wire 1-9), and the cartridge 3-2 is electrically heated by an electric coupling operation.
According to the invention, the charging barrel 3-2 is arranged at the light focusing focus of the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, the charging barrel 3-2 is subjected to light heating, the charging barrel 3-2 is provided with the electric heating element 3-10, the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is connected to the electric heating element 3-10 of the 3D printing module at least through one wire, the charging barrel 3-2 is subjected to electric heating through electric coupling operation, and two heating modes of light heating and electric heating are comprehensively used, so that the high-efficiency heating of materials is realized.
And the foundation support module is used for supporting the photovoltaic power generation module, the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module on the lunar surface and comprises a first base 4-1 and a second base 4-2. The first shock-absorbing support 4-3 is fixed below the first base 4-1, the first shock-absorbing support 4-3 is fixed on the lunar surface through the first ground anchor 4-5, and the photovoltaic power generation module is supported above the first base 4-1. The second shock mount 4-4 is fixed below the second base 4-2, the second shock mount 4-4 is fixed on the lunar surface through the second ground anchor 4-6, and the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module are supported above the second base 4-2.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a 3D printing molding method of lunar soil members, in which the 3D printing molding of the lunar soil members is performed by using the 3D printing molding apparatus of the lunar soil members provided by the present invention, including the following method steps:
step S1, preparing materials:
crushing lunar soil into particles to prepare a first material. Crushing lunar soil into particles by using a crusher, and screening out lunar soil with proper particle size by using a mesh screen to prepare a first material.
In some embodiments, the first material is blended with the binder according to a molding mode. The preferred binder may be at least one selected from sulfur powder, glass powder, metal powder, thermoplastic resin powder, thermosetting resin solution, and thermoplastic resin solution.
In some embodiments, the lunar soil is directly heated to a high temperature molten state for in situ manufacturing and molding without blending a binder according to the molding mode of the first material.
Step S2, melting:
the first material is filled into a hopper 3-1 of the 3D printing and forming device, the first material in the hopper 3-1 reaches a charging barrel 3-2 under the action of moon gravity, an electric heating element 3-10 is used for electrically heating the charging barrel 3-2, a parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 is used for optically heating the charging barrel 3-2, and the first material in the charging barrel 3-2 is melted to form a second material (melted material).
Step S3, extruding:
the screw 3-8 is responsive to the rotation of the motor 3-3 within the barrel 3-2 to push down the movement of the material, pushing/extruding a second material (molten material) within the barrel 3-2, the second material (molten material) being extruded to a higher degree of compactness to enter the nozzle 3-9, while the continuous fibers on the fiber roll 3-7 are introduced into the nozzle 3-9, specifically from the circular orifice in the upper end of the nozzle 3-9 into the nozzle 3-9.
After the continuous fibers are coated by the second material (molten material), the continuous fibers and the second material (molten material) are extruded together from the nozzle at the lower end of the nozzle 3-9 to form a third material.
During the melting of step S2 and the extrusion of step S3, the electric heating element 3-10 feeds back a temperature signal to the third controller 3-5, the third controller 3-5 performs temperature control on the electric heating element 3-10, and the third controller 3-5 controls the movement speed of the screw 3-8 in the barrel 3-2 by controlling the operation speed of the motor 3-3, thereby controlling the speed of extruding the third material.
In some embodiments, the continuous fibers are selected from at least one of carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers, aramid fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers, silicon nitride fibers, silicon carbide fibers, and carbon nanotube fibers.
In some embodiments, for lunar soil components with lower mechanical properties, the 3D printing and forming can be realized by directly adopting materials as raw materials without using continuous fibers.
S4, shaping:
the third material is extruded to the printing platform 3-11, the fourth controller 3-14 controls the multi-axis movement device 3-12 to drive the printing platform 3-11 to move in three directions of the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, so that the third material is stacked layer by layer on the printing platform 3-11, and the third material is naturally cooled and shaped to obtain the lunar soil component formed by 3D printing.
According to the molding model of the lunar soil component, the speed of extruding the third material is regulated and controlled by controlling the moving speed of the screw 3-8 in the charging barrel 3-2 through the third controller 3-5, and the printing platform 3-11 is driven to move in three directions of the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction through the multi-axis moving device 3-12 controlled by the fourth controller 3-14, so that 3D printing molding of the lunar soil component of the corresponding molding model is realized.
Embodiment one.
In the embodiment, a high-temperature molten lunar soil scheme is adopted, no adhesive is added, and 1K T1000 carbon fiber is adopted as the continuous fiber. The specific flow is as follows:
step S1, preparing materials:
crushing lunar soil into small particles by using a crusher, screening out the lunar soil with different particle sizes by using a mesh screen, wherein the particle size of the selected lunar soil is preferably smaller than 1mm, and uniformly mixing the lunar soil powder with different particle sizes by using a powder mixer to obtain a first material.
Step S2, melting:
opening a parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, wherein the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 faces the incident direction of sunlight, the sunlight is converged at the position of a charging barrel 3-2 at a focus, and the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is increased to a certain temperature; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is converted into heat energy by means of the electric heating element 3-10, so that the charging barrel is further heated.
The two heating modes of electric heating and photo-heating are comprehensively adopted, the temperature is fed back to the third controller 3-5 through the electric heating element 3-10, and the third controller 3-5 controls the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2, so that the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is constant in a specific temperature range.
After the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is higher than the lunar soil powder melting temperature, placing a first material into the hopper 3-1, enabling the first material to reach the charging barrel 3-2 through the bottom of the hopper 3-1 under the action of gravity, and heating and melting the first material in the charging barrel 3-2 to obtain a second material.
Step S3, extruding:
under the rotary extrusion action of the screw 3-8, the second material obtains higher compactness, enters the spray head 3-9 at the bottom of the charging barrel 3-2, and is co-extruded from the spray head 3-9 after being coated with carbon fibers, so as to obtain the third material.
S4, shaping:
and a multi-axis movement device 3-12 is arranged through a fourth controller 3-14 to move, so that third materials are stacked layer by layer on the printing platform 3-11 according to a designed program, and the third materials are shaped in a natural cooling mode, so that the 3D printing lunar soil component is obtained.
Embodiment two.
In the embodiment, glass powder is used as a binder, and 1K T1000 carbon fiber is used as the continuous fiber. The specific flow is as follows:
step S1, preparing materials:
the method comprises the steps that a large number of meteorite impact pits exist on the surface of a moon, firstly, block or powder materials with high glass content are collected from the impact pits, and then, the block or powder materials are broken into glass powder with a certain diameter range by a crusher; likewise, the lunar soil is crushed into small particles by a crusher, the lunar soil with different particle sizes is selected by a mesh screen, and the particle size of the selected lunar soil is preferably smaller than 1mm. And setting the mass ratio and the particle size range of the glass powder and the lunar soil powder, and uniformly mixing the two powders by using a powder mixer to obtain a first material.
Step S2, melting:
opening a parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2, wherein the parabolic total reflection mirror 2-2 faces the incident direction of sunlight, the sunlight is converged at the position of a charging barrel 3-2 at a focus, and the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is increased to a certain temperature; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 1-2 is converted into heat energy by means of the electric heating element 3-10, so that the charging barrel is further heated.
The two heating modes of electric heating and photo-heating are comprehensively adopted, the temperature is fed back to the third controller 3-5 through the electric heating element 3-10, and the third controller 3-5 controls the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2, so that the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is constant in a specific temperature range.
After the temperature of the charging barrel 3-2 is higher than the lunar soil powder melting temperature, placing a first material into the hopper 3-1, enabling the first material to reach the charging barrel 3-2 through the bottom of the hopper 3-1 under the action of gravity, and heating and melting the first material in the charging barrel 3-2 to obtain a second material;
step S3, extruding:
under the rotary extrusion action of the screw 3-8, the second material obtains higher compactness, enters the spray head 3-9 at the bottom of the charging barrel 3-2, and is co-extruded from the spray head 3-9 after being coated with carbon fibers, so as to obtain the third material.
Step S3, shaping:
and a multi-axis movement device 3-12 is arranged through a fourth controller 3-14 to move, so that third materials are stacked layer by layer on the printing platform 3-11 according to a designed program, and the third materials are shaped in a natural cooling mode, so that the 3D printing lunar soil component is obtained.
The following points need to be described:
(1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention relate only to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures may refer to the general designs.
(2) In the drawings for describing embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced for clarity, i.e., the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It will be understood that when a device such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another device, it can be "directly on" or "under" the other device or intervening devices may be present.
(3) The embodiments of the invention and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other to give new embodiments without conflict.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The 3D printing and forming device for the lunar soil component is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic power generation module, a light heat collection module, a 3D printing module and a basic supporting module;
the photovoltaic power generation module at least comprises a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is configured to automatically track the position of the sun for solar power generation;
the light and heat collecting module at least comprises a parabolic total reflection mirror, and the parabolic total reflection mirror is configured to automatically track the position of the sun for pose adjustment;
the 3D printing module comprises at least one charging barrel which is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the gravity direction of the moon,
wherein the charging barrel is arranged at a light converging focus of the parabolic total reflecting mirror, converts light energy into heat energy to heat the charging barrel,
and the charging barrel is provided with an electric heating element, and the photovoltaic panel is connected to the electric heating element of the 3D printing module through at least one wire to electrically heat the charging barrel;
the foundation support module is used for supporting the photovoltaic power generation module, the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module on a lunar surface.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power module further comprises a first sunlight tracker, a first angle adjuster, a second angle adjuster, a first controller, and a first bracket;
the first sunlight tracker is arranged on the photovoltaic panel, the first controller is mounted on the first bracket, the photovoltaic panel is connected with the first bracket through the first angle regulator, and the first bracket is connected with the basic support module through the second angle regulator;
the first controller is connected with the first sunlight tracker, the first controller is connected with the first angle regulator, and the first controller is connected with the second angle regulator;
the first sunlight tracker tracks the position of the sun and sends a sun position signal to the first controller, and the first controller controls the first angle regulator and the second angle regulator to regulate the pose of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel automatically tracks the position of the sun to generate solar power.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light collection module further comprises a second sunlight tracker, a third angle adjuster, a fourth angle adjuster, a second controller, a second bracket, and a third bracket;
the second sunlight tracker is arranged on the parabolic total reflection mirror, the second controller is arranged on the third support, the second support is fixed with the parabolic total reflection mirror, the second support is connected with the third support through the third angle regulator, and the third support is connected with the basic support module through the fourth angle regulator;
the second controller is connected with the second sunlight tracker, the second controller is connected with the third angle regulator, and the second controller is connected with the fourth angle regulator;
the second sunlight tracker tracks the position of the sun and sends a sun position signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the third angle adjuster and the fourth angle adjuster to adjust the pose of the parabolic total reflection mirror.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the light and heat collection module further comprises a fourth bracket and a fifth angle adjuster;
the fourth support is fixed with the parabolic total reflecting mirror and is connected with a charging barrel of the 3D printing module through the fifth angle regulator;
the second controller is connected with the fifth angle adjuster, and controls the fifth angle adjuster to adjust the pose of the charging barrel, so that the charging barrel is always in the direction perpendicular to the gravity of the moon.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the 3D printing forming apparatus further comprises a hopper, a screw, a fiber roll, a spray head, and a printing platform;
the hopper is communicated with the charging barrel, the screw rod extends into the charging barrel, the fiber roller is arranged on one side of the charging barrel, and continuous fibers are wound on the fiber roller;
the spray head is arranged on one side of the charging barrel and is communicated with the charging barrel, the screw rod is arranged in the charging barrel to reciprocate, and molten materials in the charging barrel are extruded to enter the spray head;
the print platform is arranged below the spray head, and the print platform is configured to: motion in the X, Y and Z directions;
the upper end of the spray head is provided with a round small hole for introducing continuous fibers on the fiber roller into the spray head, and the spray head extrudes molten materials and the continuous fibers to the printing platform.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the 3D printing forming apparatus further comprises a third controller and a motor;
the third controller is connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the screw rod, and the third controller controls the motor to drive the screw rod to reciprocate in the charging barrel.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the 3D printing forming apparatus further comprises a multi-axis motion device and a fourth controller;
the fourth controller is connected with the multi-axis motion device, the printing platform is arranged on the multi-axis motion device, and the multi-axis motion device is connected with the basic supporting module;
the fourth controller controls the multi-axis movement device to drive the printing platform to move in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base support module comprises a first base and a second base;
a first shock absorption support is fixed below the first base and is anchored on the lunar surface through a first ground, and the photovoltaic power generation module is supported above the first base;
the second shock mount is fixed below the second base, the second shock mount is anchored to the lunar surface through a second ground, and the light heat collection module and the 3D printing module are supported above the second base.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic panel powers the photovoltaic power generation module, the light collection module, and the 3D printing module.
10. A 3D printing forming method of lunar soil members, characterized in that the 3D printing forming of lunar soil members is performed by using the apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following method steps:
s1, preparing materials:
crushing lunar soil into particles to prepare a first material;
s2, melting:
loading a first material into a hopper of a 3D printing forming device, enabling the first material in the hopper to reach a charging barrel under the action of moon gravity, electrically heating the charging barrel by an electric heating element, and optically heating the charging barrel by a parabolic total reflection mirror to enable the first material in the charging barrel to be melted to form a second material;
s3, extruding:
the screw responds to the rotation of the motor in the charging barrel to downwards push the material to move, the second material in the charging barrel is pushed/extruded to enter the nozzle, meanwhile, the continuous fibers on the fiber roller are introduced into the nozzle, and the continuous fibers and the second material are extruded together from a nozzle at the lower end of the nozzle to form a third material;
s4, shaping:
and extruding the third material to a printing platform, and driving the printing platform to move in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction by a multi-axis movement device so that the third material is stacked layer by layer on the printing platform, and naturally cooling and shaping the third material to obtain the lunar soil component formed by 3D printing.
CN202310786771.7A 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 3D printing forming device and method for lunar soil component Pending CN116922764A (en)

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