CN114292017B

CN114292017B - Interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system and application

Info

Publication number: CN114292017B
Application number: CN202111629682.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔国富; 王锐; 郑伟
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2021-12-28
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-28
Also published as: CN114292017A

Abstract

The specific scheme is that the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system comprises a base module, a function module and a control module, wherein the base module comprises an automatic light following assembly, an actuating system and a light condensing assembly, the light condensing assembly is arranged above the automatic light following assembly, the actuating system is arranged on the automatic light following assembly and located below the light condensing assembly, the function module is arranged on the actuating system and driven by the actuating system to realize movement in all directions, the light condensing assembly converges sunlight to provide heat for the function module, and the automatic light following assembly, the actuating system and the function module are all electrically connected with the control module. The multi-functional material additive manufacturing system has the material forming function including multi-type material additive manufacturing and fiber preparation through the mutual matching of different modules, and achieves the effect of multi-functional integration of the material additive manufacturing system.

Description

Interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system and application

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building material manufacturing of foreign bases, and particularly relates to a interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system and application thereof, which can realize additive manufacturing of various processes, are particularly suitable for locally taking interstellar soil energy resources such as lunar soil, mars soil and the like, are flexible in product types and configurations, and can be applied to in-situ building of building material products of foreign bases.

Background

Through the research of universe, the research of modern basic science including astrophysics, gravitational waves, neutrinos and the like is carried out, the rapid development of the advanced science and the emerging technical field can be greatly promoted, and the related technological level is driven to be rapidly promoted. The space exploration has great military and civil value, large-scale and systematic space exploration activities are developed in the world in the aerospace strong countries in recent years, and the research and the vigorous development of the related fields such as deep space exploration, interplanetary construction, extraterrestrial development and the like are promoted. With the progress of the technical level and the accumulation of interplanetary exploration data, the development and utilization of space resources and the deep space exploration are the key points of the next space activities of human beings. Therefore, astronauts, military equipment, scientific instruments and the like need to survive and serve in the extreme environment of the extraterrestrial world, which requires the extraterrestrial base to construct (structure) buildings and infrastructure thereof as key supporting platforms, and provides a large amount of various engineering materials such as building materials, functional materials and the like for construction, operation, maintenance and guarantee. However, due to the limitations of rocket carrying capacity, transportation cost and larger risk of space missions, the historical interstellar missions such as moon and mars are performed in turn, the fault tolerance rate of the missions is low, and the space environment is complex and changeable, so that the requirement of space mission sustainability is difficult to meet. The in-situ resource utilization technology is based on collecting and processing local resources found in space development activities, can effectively reduce the transportation cost and the dependence on the local resources, improves the sustainability of space missions, and plays a significant role in future extraterrestrial base construction and deep space exploration activities.

The additive manufacturing technology has the capability of producing most workpieces with complex configurations and performances of materials more quickly, more economically and more, extraterrestrial in-situ additive manufacturing based on the interstellar soil-based materials obtains high attention worldwide and provides a new path for sustainable space development and exploration activities, and the additive manufacturing technology becomes a mainstream in-situ resource utilization technology. At present, the technical route of interstellar soil in-situ additive manufacturing proposed at home and abroad mainly comprises normal-temperature routes such as mixed material extrusion, three-dimensional printing (3 DP), photocuring, contour process and the like, and high-temperature routes such as selective area sintering and the like. Due to the general lack of weathering conditions in the extraterrestrial environment, most particles in the interplanetary soil are irregular in shape and in the shape of needles and flakes. Therefore, for a normal-temperature route, the binding force between interstellar soil particles is difficult to improve in a mechanical mode, and an additive is mostly needed to prepare a precursor for additive manufacturing and forming, but the additive is difficult to manufacture in situ, and the dependence of raw materials on ground resources cannot be solved. For a high-temperature route which mainly comprises a selective sintering route taking laser or sunlight as a heat source, on one hand, the selective sintering route of the laser relates to multi-stage energy conversion in an energy utilization mode, and the system is complex; on the other hand, selective solar sintering is mainly based on a single powder laying sintering mode on a technical route, and the potential of melting deposition, fiber preparation and other engineering materials of the molten interstellar soil is not fully exerted. Therefore, the interstellar soil in-situ additive manufacturing process has yet to be deeply researched in terms of multifunctional integration and multi-process compatibility.

The alien environment has abundant in-situ alien soil resources and solar energy resources. The interstellar soil represented by lunar soil and fire soil is extraterrestrial natural resource with feldspar and pyroxene silicate minerals as main components, has physical and chemical properties similar to volcanic ash and basalt minerals on the earth, and has a proper melting range (1150-1300 ℃). The atmosphere of the extraterrestrial environment is thin, the solar irradiation intensity is generally high, and high-energy light spots (with the maximum temperature of more than 1500 ℃) can be obtained by directly focusing sunlight. The material increase manufacturing system is formed in a modularized combination mode, three-dimensional actuation is achieved through the basic module, integration and compatibility of different material increase manufacturing processes are achieved through the functional module, and multi-process foreign soil material increase manufacturing and multifunctional engineering material utilization can be effectively achieved. In conclusion, modularized and integrated in-situ multifunctional additive manufacturing and engineering material utilization of the interstellar soil are carried out by directly melting the interstellar soil by solar energy and combining a plurality of material molding processes related to high-temperature melts of the interstellar soil, the requirements of sustainable space development and exploration activities on various engineering materials can be met, and key technical support is provided for people to move to deep space.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the transportation of earth resources is excessively depended during the construction process of a foreign satellite base in the prior art, and provides a multifunctional integrated system for in-situ additive manufacturing of interstellar earth resources.

A second object of the invention is to provide an application of the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system.

In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a multi-functional integrated system of interstellar soil resource normal position vibration material disk, includes basic module, functional module and control module, basic module is including automatic subassembly of following spot, actuating system and spotlight subassembly, spotlight subassembly installation is in the top of automatic subassembly of following spot, it installs on automatic subassembly of following spot and is located spotlight subassembly's below to actuate the system, functional module installs and realizes the removal in each position by the drive of actuating the system on actuating the system, spotlight subassembly assembles the sunlight and provides the heat for functional module, automatic subassembly of following spot, actuating system and functional module all are connected with the control module electricity.

Use of the multifunctional integrated system for the preparation of interstellar earth fibres, comprising the steps of:

step one, melt extrusion: the interstellar soil melt in the melting device is melted and extruded through an extrusion nozzle, and the extrusion temperature of the interstellar soil melt is controlled to reach the temperature range corresponding to the interstellar soil viscosity of 100-300 Pa.s;

step two, infiltration fixation: the fiber drawing device leads the infiltration hole to be close to the extrusion nozzle and contact and infiltrate with the extruded interstellar soil melt under the drive of the actuating system, and then leads the infiltration hole to be vertically far away from the extrusion nozzle under the drive of the actuating system, and fixes and prestretches the interstellar soil melt;

step three, winding tensioning: the fiber drawing device moves to the opposite side of the positioning rod relative to the guide rod at a constant speed through the actuating system, and meanwhile, the rotating shaft drives the yarn winding drum to rotate at a constant speed by 180 degrees, so that the pre-stretched fiber yarns are wound on the guide support and the fiber drawing device enters a fiber drawing position;

step four, reeling and forming fibers: the fiber drawing device is driven by the actuating system to rotate at a constant speed and move vertically along with the forming platform, and the straightened fibers are uniformly wound on the wire winding drum, so that the interstellar soil fibers are drawn, wound and formed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the in-situ interstellar soil resource is taken as a raw material, and the solar energy resource is directly utilized as a heat source, so that the preparation process of the highly in-situ extraterrestrial in-situ material is realized, and the dependence on ground resources is reduced;

2. the functional module is connected with the basic module through the reserved interface, so that modular assembly of components with different material forming functions in the additive manufacturing system is realized, and the effects of modularization and function expansibility of the multifunctional additive manufacturing system are achieved;

3. through the modularized assembly of the basic module and the functional module, the compatibility of additive manufacturing of two or more high-temperature molten interstellar soils is realized, and the capability of adapting to various complex in-situ additive manufacturing requirements under the extraterrestrial environment of the multifunctional integrated system is improved;

4. through the mutual cooperation of different modules, possess the material shaping function including many kinds of material vibration material disk, fibre preparation, reach the multi-functional integrated effect of vibration material disk system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view (a) and a left view (b) of a basic module of the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system;

fig. 2 is a left side view (a) and an isometric view (b) of the base module support frame;

fig. 3 is a left side view (a) and an isometric view (b) of the base module automatic light tracking assembly base;

FIG. 4 is a left side view (a) and an isometric view (b) of the four-axis motion module of the base module;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view (a) and a top view (b) of the base module concentrator assembly;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a powder bed cladding module of the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a loading assembly;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view (a) of a fused deposition module and a rear view (b) of a fused assembly of the integrated system for in situ additive manufacturing of interstellar earth resources;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a modularized assembly manner of the multifunctional integrated system for in-situ additive manufacturing of interstellar soil resources: a basic module assembly schematic diagram (a), a powder bed cladding module assembly schematic diagram (b), and a melt extrusion module assembly schematic diagram (c);

FIG. 10 is a left side view (a) and an isometric view (b) of the push rod connection mode of the automatic light tracking assembly;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the adjustable mount sliding connection of the light focusing assembly;

fig. 12 is a top view (a) and a left view (b) of the powder bed cladding module charging barrel connection mode;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of a feeding assembly of a powder bed cladding module;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the control module when using a powder bed cladding module;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the control module when using a fused deposition module

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a fiber preparation assembly: the structure schematic diagram of the fiber drawing guide bracket (a) and the structure schematic diagram of the fiber drawing device (b);

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing fibers of the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system;

FIG. 18 is a graph of the effect of a fiber preparation assembly in preparing simulated lunar soil fibers;

in the figure, 1, an automatic light tracking assembly, 2, an actuating system, 3, a light focusing assembly, 4, a powder bed cladding module, 5, a fused deposition module, 11, a base, 12, a pitching mechanism, 13, a rotating mechanism, 14, a universal wheel, 21, a fine adjustment support, 22, a three-axis sliding table, 23, a rotating shaft, 24, a forming platform, 25, a connecting rod, 31, a light collector, 32, an adjustable support, 33, a supporting rod, 34, a finger-pressing plate, 41, a blanking mechanism, 42, a charging barrel, 43, a connecting rod I, 51, a melter, 52, an extrusion nozzle, 53, an annealing furnace, 54, a guide support, 55 and a fiber drawing device, 121, a bottom plate, 122, a supporting frame, 123, an electric push rod, 124, a pitching rotating shaft, 125, a profile sliding block, 126, a vertical guide rail, 131, a rotating bearing, 132, a rotating motor, 321, a supporting rod, 322, a telescopic rod, 323, a positioning bolt II, 411, a hopper, 412, a blanking roller, 413, a linear motion module, 521, a limiting protrusion, 541, a lantern ring, 542, a positioning rod, 543, a guide rod, 544, a vertical strip-shaped through hole, 545, a limiting groove, 546, a connecting rod II, 551, a wire winding barrel, 552, a soaking hole, 553, a positioning bolt I, 554 and an extension rod.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures 1-18 and specific embodiments.

Detailed description of the invention

A interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system comprises a basic module, a functional module and a control module, wherein the basic module comprises an automatic light-following component 1, an actuating system 2 and a light-condensing component 3, and has general functions of directly utilizing solar additive manufacturing, such as light following, light condensing, three-dimensional actuation and the like; the automatic light-following device is characterized in that the light-gathering component 3 is arranged above the automatic light-following component 1, the actuating system 2 is arranged on the automatic light-following component 1 and is located below the light-gathering component 3, the functional module is arranged on the actuating system 2 and is driven by the actuating system 2 to realize the movement of all directions, the light-gathering component 3 gathers sunlight to provide heat for the functional module, and the automatic light-following component 1, the actuating system 2 and the functional module are all electrically connected with the control module. The automatic light following assembly 1 is used for automatically tracking the change of the sunlight altitude angle and the azimuth angle, so that the angle of the sunlight incidence light condensing assembly 3 is kept stable, the installation position of the control module is not limited, and the control module has the functions of manually or automatically controlling the basic module and each assembly of the functional module as required.

Further, it forms required including triaxial motion and independent pivoted multiaxis motion to actuate system 2 and be used for realizing the vibration material disk shaping to realize the shaping face position fine setting, it supports 21, triaxial slip table 22, rotation axis 23 and shaping platform 24 to actuate system 2 including fine setting, fine setting support 21 installs on automatic subassembly 1 of following spot, triaxial slip table 22 installs on fine setting support 21, rotation axis 23 installs on the slider of the Z axle slip table of the vertical direction motion of triaxial slip table 22, shaping platform 24 installs on rotation axis 23. The three-axis sliding table 22 drives the forming platform 24 to perform three-dimensional motion, and the rotating shaft 23 drives the forming platform to rotate for preparing a melt extrusion forming annular path and foreign soil fibers; the fine adjustment support 21 drives the three-axis sliding table 22, has a height adjustment function, and can adjust the relative height of the three-axis sliding table 22 so as to adjust the position of the forming surface of the forming platform 24;

further, a connecting rod 25 which is vertically arranged is fixed on the lower surface of the forming platform 24, a gear disc is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting rod 25, and the rotating shaft 23 drives the gear disc to rotate so as to drive the connecting rod 25 to rotate, so that the forming platform 24 is supported and the forming platform has independent rotational freedom; the forming table 24 provides space for the three-dimensional formation of the material.

Furthermore, the functional module is a powder bed cladding module 4 or a fused deposition module 5, and the special functions of different material forming such as powder bed cladding, fused deposition, fiber preparation and the like are realized by directly utilizing sunlight, so that the multifunctional solar powder bed cladding module has the capability of compatibility of various additive manufacturing processes and multifunctional material forming.

Further, the functional module is a powder bed cladding module 4, has the functions of powder bed laying, layer withdrawing, powder bed cladding process interlayer automatic powder laying and the like, and is used for realizing powder bed cladding on the foreign soil by directly utilizing solar energy; the powder bed melts and covers module 4 and includes unloading mechanism 41, feed cylinder 42, heater and solid powder board, forming platform 24 cover is established in the inside of feed cylinder 42, and the upper shed space that constitutes but bottom up-and-down motion is used for bearing the powder bed, forming platform 24 drives the powder bed up-and-down motion through the slider up-and-down motion of Z axle slip table, realizes moving back the layer function. The powder fixing plate is arranged on the forming platform 24, the heater is arranged on the powder fixing plate, the charging barrel 42 is fixed at the top end of the Z-axis sliding table and moves in a horizontal plane along with the Z-axis sliding table, the blanking mechanism 41 is positioned above the charging barrel 42, is fixed on the fine adjustment support 21 through a connecting rod I43 and synchronously moves up and down along with the three-axis sliding table 22; further, unloading mechanism 41 includes hopper 411, unloading roller 412 and linear motion module 413, and linear motion module 413 is fixed at the upper surface of connecting rod I43, hopper 411 is installed on linear motion module 413 and is removed by the drive horizontal direction of linear motion module 413, unloading roller 412 rotates the bottom of installing at hopper 411, unloading roller 412 receives the drive of unloading motor and rotates for the unloading to realize the automatic powder of shop of powder bed cladding.

Further, the functional module is a fused deposition module 5, the fused deposition module 5 is used for realizing functions of directly utilizing solar energy to perform high-temperature fusion, extrusion deposition, forming annealing and the like on the foreign soil, the fused deposition module 5 comprises a melter 51, an extrusion nozzle 52 and an annealing furnace 53, the annealing furnace 53 is provided with a support, the support is fixed on the upper surface of the automatic light tracking assembly 1 through a profile connector, the annealing furnace 53 is fixed in the support, the melter 51 is filled and fixed at an opening of the upper surface of the annealing furnace 53, the extrusion nozzle 52 is fixed on the melter 51, the forming platform 24 passes through a lower opening of the annealing furnace 53 and is positioned in the annealing furnace 53, and the forming platform 24 is positioned below the extrusion nozzle 52. The melter 51 melts the extraterrestrial soil by using a direct solar high-energy heat source to form a melt, and conveys the melt to the extrusion nozzle 52; the extrusion nozzle 52 comprises an auxiliary heating component and an extrusion mechanism, wherein the auxiliary heating component is used for adjusting the temperature of the melt to keep the viscosity of the melt within a working range, and the heating mode of the auxiliary heating component comprises two modes of reflection type light-gathering heating and auxiliary electric heating; the extrusion mechanism is used for stably extruding the melt conveyed from the melt device.

Further, the fused deposition module 5 further comprises a guide bracket 54 and a fiber drawing device 55, so as to realize a fiber preparation function, the guide bracket 54 comprises a collar 541, a positioning rod 542 and a guide rod 543, the positioning rod 542 is located below the collar 541, the guide rod 543 is located obliquely below the positioning rod 542, the collar 541, the positioning rod 542 and the guide rod 543 are integrally connected through a connecting rod ii 546, the collar 541 is detachably sleeved on the extrusion nozzle 52, the positioning rod 542 is parallel to the extrusion nozzle 52 and attached to the extrusion nozzle 52, so as to control a melt outflow direction in a fiber drawing process, the fiber drawing device 55 comprises a yarn winding drum 551 and a wetting hole 552, the yarn winding drum 551 is vertically fixed on the forming platform 24 through a positioning bolt i, the wetting hole 552 is located above an extension rod 554 extending from the bottom of the yarn winding drum 551, the inside and the surrounding of the yarn drawing hole 552 are sanded for wetting and fixing a drawn star soil melt, and the guide rod 543 and the yarn winding position are in the same plane, so as to guide a fiber into the fiber drawing device 55 and cooperate with the positioning rod 542 in a tensioned state. The wire winding cylinder 551 is driven by the rotating shaft 23 to rotate with the forming platform 24 to gather the interstellar soil fiber wires in the wire winding fiber forming process.

Preferably, the lantern ring 541 is provided with a vertical strip-shaped through hole 544 and a limiting groove 545, the vertical strip-shaped through hole 544 is communicated with the limiting groove 545, a limiting protrusion 521 is arranged on the side wall of the extrusion nozzle 52, and the lantern ring 541 can be quickly installed on the extrusion nozzle 52, so that the limiting protrusion 521 is clamped in the limiting groove 545.

Further, the fused deposition module 5 further comprises a bushing, a plurality of through holes are formed in the bushing, and the bushing is detachably fixed on the extrusion nozzle 52, so that a plurality of strands of fibers are prepared.

Further, the light condensing assembly 3 is used for focusing sunlight to form a high-energy light spot as a heat source for directly utilizing solar materials for molding, the light condensing assembly 3 comprises a light condenser 31, an adjustable support 32 and a support rod 33, the light condenser 31 is installed on the adjustable support 32, the adjustable support 32 is rotatably connected with the automatic light following assembly 1 through the support rod 33, and the size of the adjustable support 32 can be adjusted according to the size of the light condenser 31. Preferably, the condenser 31 is a flat fresnel lens system, and condenses the sunlight and forms a high-energy light beam, and the high-energy light beam heats the external star field to melt it. Preferably, the adjustable support 32 includes four support rods 321 and four telescopic rods 322. The four supporting rods 321 are enclosed to form a square bracket I, the four telescopic rods 322 are enclosed to form a square bracket II with the side length being telescopic, the square bracket II is fixed on the square bracket I, and as shown in fig. 5, the condenser 31 is installed on the square bracket II through the finger-pressure plate 34.

Further, the automatic light tracking assembly 1 comprises a base 11, a pitching mechanism 12, a rotating mechanism 13 and a light tracking sensor, wherein the pitching mechanism 12 is installed above the base 11 through the rotating mechanism 13, and the base 11 bears the whole weight of the system and provides attachment for the rotating mechanism 13 and the pitching mechanism 12; a plurality of universal wheels 14 are arranged on the base 11 and drive the whole system to move freely; the light tracking sensor is installed on the light condensing assembly 3, the receiving surface of the light tracking sensor is parallel to the receiving surface of the light condensing assembly 3, the actuating system 2 is installed on the pitching mechanism 12, the light tracking sensor, the pitching mechanism 12 and the rotating mechanism 13 are all electrically connected with the control module, and the control module controls the adaptive adjustment of the pitching mechanism 12 and the rotating mechanism 13 according to signals transmitted by the light tracking sensor.

Further, the pitching mechanism 12 comprises a bottom plate 121, a supporting frame 122 and an electric push rod 123, the supporting frame 122 is a rectangular frame structure formed by splicing surface grooved profile pipes, one side edge of the upper surface of the bottom plate 121 and one side edge of the lower surface of the supporting frame 122 are rotatably connected through a pitching rotating shaft 124, the other side edge of the upper surface of the bottom plate 121 is connected with the supporting frame 122 through the electric push rod 123, the top end of the electric push rod 123 is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate 121, the bottom end of the electric push rod 123 is rotatably connected with an ear plate 126 fixed on the side wall of the supporting frame 122, and the electric push rod 123 is matched with the pitching rotating shaft 122 fixed on the bottom plate 121 to drive the whole system to realize pitching double-degree-of-freedom automatic light tracking; the actuating system 2 is arranged inside the supporting frame 122, the supporting rod 33 of the light-gathering component 3 is rotatably arranged in a groove on the upper surface of the supporting frame 122 through a profile slider 125, the front and back positions of the light-gathering device 31 on the cross beam of the supporting frame 122 can be adjusted through the movement of the profile slider 125, and the supporting rod 33 is connected with the profile slider 125 in a sliding manner and used for adjusting the height of the light-gathering device 31 to meet the requirements of the light-gathering devices 31 with different focal lengths; the rotating mechanism 13 comprises a rotating bearing 131 and a rotating motor 132, the bottom plate 121 is connected with the base 11 through the rotating bearing 131, the rotating bearing 131 is connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor 132, the rotating motor 132 is fixed on the bottom plate 121 or the base 11, and the rotating bearing 131 is driven to rotate through the rotating motor 132 to realize automatic light tracing of the system rotation freedom degree.

The bottom of the fine adjustment support 21 of the actuating system 2 is connected with the supporting frame 122, the top of the fine adjustment support is used for supporting the three-axis sliding table 22, the three-axis sliding table 22 is in auxiliary connection with the supporting frame 122 through a vertical guide rail 126 fixed on the supporting frame 122, and the integral stability of the actuating system 2 during height adjustment is kept;

the control module is used for controlling each component of the basic module and the functional module, and comprises a three-dimensional action controller and a comprehensive function controller, and the logical relationship of hardware of the control module is as follows.

The three-dimensional action controller is used as an upper computer to drive the corresponding shaft motor to drive the three-axis sliding table 22 to carry out three-dimensional motion according to instructions through X, Y and Z shaft drive control, and the three-axis action range is controlled by the X, Y and Z three-axis limit feedback module operation position. The comprehensive function controller is used as a host computer to control the rotating shaft 23 (R shaft), the blanking mechanism 41, the automatic light tracking assembly 1 and the fused deposition module 5. The comprehensive function controller drives and controls the R-axis motor through the R-axis to enable the rotating shaft 23 to rotate at an independently adjustable speed. The comprehensive function controller enables the blanking mechanism to have two modes of automatic time sequence control and manual control through a blanking mechanism 41 relay, and the reciprocating motor and the blanking motor repeatedly execute a set blanking program for multiple times in the automatic time sequence control mode according to time sequence information to realize interlayer automatic blanking in the printing process; the manual control mode can execute a set blanking program once, and can also respectively run a blanking motor and a reciprocating motor so as to debug different powder blanking program parameters; and the comprehensive function controller senses and controls the execution condition of the blanking program according to the feedback of the blanking limit group. The comprehensive function controller enables the automatic light tracking assembly 1 to have two modes of manual control and automatic light tracking control through the light tracking controller and the light tracking mechanism relay, and the power-off/power-on state of the light tracking controller is changed; the manual control mode light tracking controller is powered off, and the comprehensive function controller respectively controls the rotating motor 132 and the electric push rod 123 to rotate in the positive direction and the negative direction for automatically controlling the posture of the system; the automatic light tracking mode light tracking controller is powered on, and drives the rotating motor 132 and the electric push rod 123 according to the sun direction information, so that the system automatically tracks the change of the sunlight range. The comprehensive function controller controls a melt extrusion mechanism (comprising a melter 51 and an extrusion nozzle 52) and an annealing furnace 53 through a melt heating controller and an annealing furnace controller; wherein, the heating state of the melt extrusion mechanism is adjusted by changing the power-on/off state of the heater or adjusting the angle of the condenser 31, and the heating state of the annealing furnace 53 is adjusted by changing the power-on/off state of the annealing furnace 53.

The control module automatically controls material forming according to a set program through the following three parameters: 1), G code containing process parameters, 2), sun azimuth information, 3), extrusion nozzle 52 and annealing furnace 53 real-time temperature.

The G code comprises the following process parameters: forming trajectory, forming speed, layer height. Slicing according to the three-dimensional model and the process parameters to generate G codes; for the powder bed cladding module 4, the G code is used for extracting layering time information through a code analyzer and transmitting the layering time information to the comprehensive function controller, the comprehensive function controller sets an automatic feeding sequence program according to the layering time information to control automatic feeding, and the three-dimensional action controller drives the X, Y and Z three-axis motors to carry out three-dimensional action according to a G code instruction; for the fused deposition module 5, the G code directly controls the three-dimensional motion controller to perform three-axis motion.

The sun direction information is collected by the light tracking sensor in real time, the sun direction is judged through the four-quadrant photoelectric sensor, an adjusting signal is output, and the automatic light tracking controller controls the rotating motor 132 and the electric push rod 123 to move according to the signal of the light tracking sensor, so that the sun direction is centered. For the fused deposition module 5, the relay can be controlled according to the requirement to only respond to the control quantity of the rotating motor 132, and single-shaft light following is realized.

The real-time temperature of the extrusion nozzle 52 and the annealing furnace 53 is collected by an extrusion sensor and an annealing sensor, and the heating state is controlled by comparing the real-time temperature with the temperature parameter of a set extrusion mechanism and a heat preservation annealing program.

Detailed description of the invention

Use of a multifunctional integrated system according to embodiment one for the preparation of interstellar earth fibres, comprising the steps of:

step one, melt extrusion: the interstellar soil melt in the melting device 51 is melted and extruded through the extrusion nozzle 52, the temperature of the melt is monitored through a thermocouple at the outlet of the extrusion nozzle 52, and the extrusion temperature of the interstellar soil melt is controlled to reach the temperature range corresponding to the interstellar soil viscosity of 100-300 Pa.s under the fiber preparation state;

step two, infiltration fixation: the fiber drawing device 55 enables the soaking hole 552 to be close to the extrusion nozzle 52 and to contact and soak the extruded interstellar soil melt for 10-20s under the driving of the actuating system 2, and then vertically keeps away from the extrusion nozzle 52 under the driving of the actuating system 2, so as to fix and pre-stretch the interstellar soil melt;

step three, winding tensioning: the fiber drawing device 55 moves at a constant speed through the actuating system 2 to the opposite side of the positioning rod 542 relative to the guide rod 543, and simultaneously the rotating shaft 23 drives the yarn winding drum 551 to rotate at a constant speed by 180 degrees, so that the pre-stretched fiber yarns are wound on the guide bracket 54 and the fiber drawing device 55 enters a fiber drawing position;

step four, reeling and forming fibers: the fiber drawing device 55 rotates at a constant speed and moves vertically along with the forming platform 24 under the driving of the actuating system 2, and the straightened fibers are uniformly wound on the wire winding cylinder 551, so that the interstellar soil fibers are drawn, wound and formed.

Furthermore, the raw material used by the multifunctional integrated system can be extraterrestrial powder, and can also be a raw material prepared by recovering common wastes in extraterrestrial development activities such as ceramics, metals and the like.

Furthermore, the high-energy point heat source for fusing interstellar soil can be realized by converging sunlight through a condenser plane Fresnel lens system, can also be realized through a reflection type light-converging system, and can also be realized in a transmission type or reflection type light-converging energy optical fiber leading-in mode.

Further, the fiber preparation process may be completed within a complete fused deposition module containing an annealing furnace 53, producing annealed fibers; the non-annealed fiber preparation can also be performed directly on forming table 24 using a melt extrusion assembly to prepare a vitrified fiber.

Example 1

The invention relates to an interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system which comprises a basic module, a functional module and a control module, wherein the basic module comprises an automatic light-following component 1, an actuating system 2 and a light-gathering component 3, the functional module comprises a powder bed cladding module 4 and a fused deposition module 5, and the control module comprises a three-dimensional actuating controller and a comprehensive function controller.

The embodiment describes a specific use method of the interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system powder bed cladding function module.

1. Basic module configuration:

the basic module of the present embodiment includes an automatic light-following component 1, an actuating system 2, and a light-focusing component 3, as shown in fig. 1.

Keeping the sunlight to always enter the condenser 31 at a proper angle is a prerequisite for obtaining a stable heat source in direct solar additive manufacturing, so the basic module of the direct solar multifunctional additive manufacturing system of the present invention includes the automatic light tracking assembly 1 composed of the base 11, the pitching mechanism 12 and the rotating mechanism 13, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. The pitching mechanism 12 is connected to the base 11 through a rotary bearing 131, and can rotate relatively under the driving of a rotary motor 132; the base 11 provides attachment for the pitch mechanism, connected to the upper support frame 122 by a double sided electric pushrod 123 and pitch pivot shaft 124; the universal wheels 14 arranged at the bottom of the base 11 can drive the whole system to move freely and bear the weight of the whole system. The pitching mechanism 12 comprises an electric push rod 123 and a pitching rotating shaft 124, one end of the electric push rod 123 is hinged to the bottom plate 121, the other end of the electric push rod 123 is hinged to the protruding lug plate connecting plate of the supporting frame 122, and the pitching rotating shaft 124 which is fixed on the bottom plate 121 is matched to drive the upper structure to realize automatic tracking of pitching freedom degree. The rotating mechanism 13 includes a rotating bearing 131 and a rotating motor 132, and the rotating motor 132 drives the rotating bearing 131 to rotate to drive the bottom plate 121 and the base 11 to rotate relatively, so as to realize automatic light tracking with system rotational freedom. The embodiment of the automatic light tracking assembly 1 can realize horizontal rotation of 0-180 degrees and can realize 30-degree inclination angle pitching under the powder bed cladding module.

The 'layered manufacturing and layer-by-layer superposition' is an essential characteristic of additive manufacturing, and the three-dimensional actuation is a universal link of the additive manufacturing process. In the embodiment, sunlight is directly used as a heat source, the energy flux density of light spots is related to the position of a receiving surface, and the position of a forming surface needs to be adjusted in the powder bed cladding process so as to adjust the focusing state and control the energy input. The base module therefore also comprises an actuation system 2 consisting of a three-axis slide 22, a fine-tuning support 21 and a forming table 24, as shown in fig. 4. The three-axis sliding table 22 comprises a three-axis linear module and a motor, the three-axis linear module adopts a double-X-axis gantry type structure, a Z axis is installed on a Y axis module, the forming platform 24 is installed on the Z axis, and three-dimensional actuation is realized under the driving of the three-axis sliding table 22. The fine adjustment support 21 is in a rigid cross support mode, has a height adjusting function, and can drive the three-axis sliding table 22 to move up and down, adjust the relative height of the three-axis sliding table 22 and further adjust the forming position. The forming platform 24 is arranged on a linear module z rotating shaft sliding table; the shaping layer is a stainless steel plate and is used for bearing the powder bed and the auxiliary assembly.

The additive manufacturing process needs to regulate and control the energy injected by the heat source, and the requirements of different molding processes on energy injection are obviously different, so that the basic module comprises a light-gathering component 3 consisting of a light-gathering device 31 and an adjustable bracket 32, as shown in fig. 5. Condenser 31 adopts the positive focal length fresnel lens form of plane to assemble the sunlight and form high energy light beam and provide the heat source for the material shaping, and adjustable support 32 passes through II regulation support intervals of square bracket that telescopic link 322 is constituteed, and mountable condenser 31 of different sizes is in order to satisfy different energy flux density injection needs to adjust the relative length of telescopic link through II 323 adjusting bolt of positioning bolt, the condenser 31 of different focal lengths of adaptation. The bottom of the adjustable support 32 is provided with a rotating shaft for adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustable support 32, and the rotating shaft is matched with the automatic light tracking assembly 1 to realize direct solar energy additive manufacturing under the condition that the solar altitude is not less than 25 degrees.

Alternatively, the planar positive focal length fresnel lens may be replaced by a reflective light-gathering system, or may be replaced by a light-gathering device in different forms such as gathering energy by multiple sets of light-gathering systems and guiding the energy into the light-gathering device, and the related light-gathering device elements may be mounted on the adjustable support 32 through the telescopic rod 322.

In this embodiment, the basic module fixing combination is as shown in fig. 9, and the combination is as follows:

1) The automatic light following assembly 1 comprises a supporting frame 122, the supporting frame 122 is formed by splicing single-groove aluminum profiles, and a steel plate is adopted to weld a protection angle so as to improve the overall rigidity; the base modules are positioned relative to each other by the support frame 122; the functional modules are detachably mounted and connected with the supporting frame 122 through aluminum profile preformed grooves in a sliding block nut, a connecting piece or a bolt mode, and the like, so that the modular assembly of the functional modules is realized.

2) The automatic light tracking assembly 1 is positioned at the bottom of the additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system, the top end of the electric push rod 123 is connected with the bottom plate 121 through a rotating shaft, and the top end of the electric push rod is connected with one end of the supporting frame 122 through an ear plate with a rotating shaft, as shown in fig. 10; the pitch rotating shaft 124 is connected with the bottom end of the supporting frame 122 and the bottom plate 121, and the supporting frame 122 is driven by the electric push rod 123 and the pitch rotating shaft 124 to realize the rotation and pitch two-degree-of-freedom motion, as shown in fig. 2;

3) The bottom of the fine adjustment support 21 of the actuating system 2 is fixed with the supporting frame 122 through bolts, the top of the fine adjustment support is fixedly supported with the three-axis sliding table 22 through a connecting piece, and the fine adjustment support is in auxiliary connection with the supporting frame 122 through a vertical guide rail 126, so that the movement stability during height fine adjustment is ensured; the forming table 24 and the independent rotating shaft 23 are mounted on the three-axis slide table 22Z-axis slide block.

4) The bottom of the adjustable bracket 32 of the light-gathering component 3 is fixed on a beam on the upper surface of the supporting frame 122 through a profile slider 125, the profile slider 125 is provided with a rotating shaft to adjust the inclination angle of the light-gathering device 31, and the front and back positions of the light-gathering device 31 on the beam can be adjusted through the movement of the profile slider 125, as shown in fig. 11; the condenser 31 is fixed to the upper surface of the adjustable bracket 32 by a telescopic rod.

2. And (3) functional module configuration:

the powder bed cladding process mainly comprises two parts of powder laying and selective area melting, as shown in fig. 6 and 7. In order to ensure the stability and the forming quality of the foreign soil direct solar powder bed cladding powder bed, the powder bed platform needs to have the functions of layer retreating, sealing, stabilizing and preheating. Thus, the powder bed cladding module includes an automatic blanking mechanism 41 and a cartridge 42. The cartridge 42 and the forming table 24 form an upper open space with a bottom movable up and down for carrying the powder bed. The forming platform 24 is also paved with silica gel sealing gaskets, honeycomb plates, heaters and other auxiliary components inside the powder bed besides the powder material: the silica gel sealing pad seals the gap between the forming platform 24 and the inner side wall of the charging barrel 42, the aluminum or stainless steel honeycomb plate is positioned on the forming platform 24 to stabilize the powder bed, and the metal heater is embedded and preheats powder in the powder bed. The blanking mechanism 41 comprises a hopper 411, a blanking roller 412 and a linear motion module 413; the blanking roller 412 is grooved and driven by a motor to rotate so as to realize blanking from the hopper 411; the hopper 411 horizontally reciprocates along the slide rail of the linear motion module 413; the motion of the hopper 411 and the feeding roller 412 is matched with an automatic three-dimensional printing program through the time sequence control of a controller, so that automatic feeding is realized.

The functional module combination mode described in this embodiment is: the leg of the powder bed platform cartridge 42 is connected to the top end pallet of the Z-axis module by a plurality of bolts, the pallet is provided with a stiffening rib plate to improve the bearing capacity and is connected to the Z-axis module by bolts, as shown in fig. 12; the supporting plate is provided with a hole for the connecting rod 25 of the forming assembly to pass through and extend into the charging barrel 42; the blanking mechanism 41 is connected to the top of the actuating system fine adjustment support 21 by inserting a connecting rod I43 into the outwardly extending bracket heel plate at the top of the fine adjustment support 21, and the connecting rod I43 is connected with the bracket heel plate at the top of the support through a plurality of bolts, and the relative position of the connecting rod I43 and the three-shaft sliding table 22 is kept fixed, as shown in FIG. 13.

3. And (3) control module configuration:

in the powder bed cladding embodiment, the control module three-axis action controller controls the movement of the X, Y and Z three-axis sliding tables, and the comprehensive function controller controls the automatic blanking mechanism 41 and the automatic light tracking assembly 1. In this embodiment, the triaxial operation controller adopts an ARM architecture industrial control motherboard, the comprehensive function controller adopts a PLC industrial control computer, and the control mode is as shown in fig. 14. The specific automatic control mode is as follows:

1) The code analyzer extracts the layering time information and transmits the layering time information to the comprehensive function controller, the comprehensive function controller sets an automatic feeding time sequence program according to the layering time information, and executes a set blanking program for multiple times according to the time sequence to realize the automatic feeding in the printing process; the three-dimensional action controller drives the X, Y and Z three-axis motors to execute three-dimensional action according to the G code command and the G code motion program, and the three-dimensional action controller is matched with the high-energy light spot and the automatic feeding to realize various use functions of the powder bed cladding module.

2) The light tracking sensor collects sun azimuth information in real time, the sun azimuth is judged through the four-quadrant photo-resistor and the environment reference resistor, an adjusting signal is output, and the automatic light tracking controller controls the rotating motor 132 and the electric push rod 123 to move according to the light tracking sensor signal, so that the sun azimuth is centered relative to the light tracking sensor. The receiving surface of the light tracking sensor is parallel to the receiving surface of the condenser 31, so that sunlight is enabled to vertically enter the condenser, and the stability of the energy density of the high-energy light spot is further kept.

Example 2

The embodiment is a specific use method of the fused deposition functional module of the multifunctional integrated system for in-situ additive manufacturing of interplanetary soil resources, and the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:

1. basic module configuration:

1) When the fused deposition module is used, the pitch angle range of the automatic light tracking assembly 1 does not exceed 15 degrees, and the automatic light tracking with single degree of freedom of rotation can be realized through the control module;

2) When the actuating system 2 is used in the fused deposition module 5, the independent rotation is realized outside X, Y and Z three-axis linear motion, the rotational degree of freedom can be provided, the supplement is provided for the three-axis motion, and the three-axis motion can be used for high-precision arc-shaped paths, fiber preparation and other material forming functions. The independent rotating shaft 23 is arranged on the Z-axis module and is connected with a forming component connecting rod 25 through a gear bearing, and the independent rotating shaft 23 drives the forming platform 24 to rotate when rotating;

3) The forming assembly comprises a connecting rod 25 and a forming platform 24 which are arranged on a three-shaft sliding table 22z rotating shaft sliding table when the fused deposition module is used. The connecting rod 25 is motor-connected to the independent rotating shaft 23 through a gear bearing. The forming platform 24 is divided into a bottom layer and a forming layer, the bottom layer is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel and used for being connected with the connecting rod 25, and the forming layer is made of foamed ceramic or a ceramic substrate with good wettability of an extra-star soil melt and used for drawing and bearing a deposition melt.

2. And (3) functional module configuration:

the fused deposition process mainly comprises two parts of high-temperature fusion and extrusion deposition, as shown in fig. 8. The viscosity of the extraterrestrial melt has a crucial influence on the effectiveness and the forming quality of a melt extrusion deposition process, the viscosity of the extraterrestrial melt in the whole melt deposition process needs to be kept in a proper range, the viscosity of the solution is further kept in a working range, and in addition, the annealing treatment after deposition forming has an important influence on the three-dimensional forming quality. Thus, the fused deposition module 5 includes a fused deposition assembly and an annealing furnace 53. The fused deposition component comprises a melter 51 and an extrusion nozzle 52, wherein the melter 51 adopts a powder feeding or powder storage feeding mode, melts the foreign soil by taking direct solar energy as a heat source to form a melt, and conveys the melt to the extrusion nozzle 52; the extrusion nozzle 52 comprises an auxiliary heating component and an extrusion mechanism, the auxiliary heating component adopts a mode that a heating resistance wire and a multi-stage reflection type light-gathering system are matched with each other to heat the extrusion nozzle 52 and a melt conveying channel, the temperature of the melt in the extrusion nozzle is fed back through a thermocouple, the light-gathering and heating power is adjusted, the viscosity of the melt is kept within a working range, and the extrusion mechanism extrudes the melt of the melting device stably in a screw extrusion or piston extrusion mode to adapt to a low-gravity extraterrestrial environment.

The functional module combination mode described in this embodiment is: the fused deposition module 5 is provided with a bracket which is connected to the upper surface of the supporting frame 122 through a section bar connecting piece, the annealing furnace 53 is fixed in the bracket, the fused deposition assembly is filled and fixed in the upper opening of the annealing furnace 53 through a ceramic fiber board and is connected with the upper surface of the bracket of the annealing furnace 53, and the forming platform 24 of the actuating system 2 enters the annealing furnace 53 through the lower opening of the annealing furnace 53.

3. The control module is configured:

when the fused deposition module 5 is used, the integrated function controller controls the extrusion annealing heating, the automatic light-following assembly 1 and the independent rotation shaft 23 (R-axis) in the manner shown in fig. 15. When the melt extrusion automatic control is carried out, the G code is directly transmitted to a three-dimensional action controller to control the X, Y and Z three-axis actions; the comprehensive function controller controls the heating state according to the comparison of the feedback temperature of the extrusion nozzle 52 and the annealing furnace 53 with preset heating program parameters, wherein the extrusion temperature control of the extrusion nozzle 52 is realized by adjusting the irradiation angle of the reflective light-gathering system and the auxiliary heating power of a heating wire, and the annealing furnace 53 realizes the annealing temperature control of the power by adjusting the power transmission state; the integrated controller controls the pitching light tracing angle range not to exceed 15 degrees according to the change of the mechanical limit position, and can control the rotating single-degree-of-freedom light tracing through a relay; the integrated controller can synchronously or independently start the motor of the independent rotating shaft 23 to rotate at an adjustable speed with the three-axis motion module according to the forming requirement, and further drive the forming platform 24 to realize independent rotation.

Example 3

The embodiment is a process for preparing a related functional module component and extra-lunar soil fibers by utilizing interstellar soil resources to perform in-situ additive manufacturing on multifunctional integrated system fibers and taking simulated lunar soil as a raw material, and the specific implementation mode is as follows:

1. preparing a fiber preparation component:

the fiber preparation assembly structure in this example is shown in FIG. 16

Melting, drawing, tensioning, winding and the like are required to prepare the fibers by melting the interstellar soil, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the property stability of the drawn fibers, the interstellar soil melt is drawn into fibers and is ensured to be vertical to the outlet of the extrusion nozzle 52 as much as possible. Thus, melting the interstellar soil fibers produces the fiber production assembly comprising a fiber drawing guide support 54 and a fiber drawing device 55.

The fiber pulling guide bracket 54 is composed of a lantern ring 541, a positioning rod 542 and a guide rod 543 which are integrally connected through a connecting rod ii 546, and is made of high-temperature alloy materials such as nickel chromium or platinum rhodium, so that the fiber pulling guide bracket has the functions of automatic, quick and convenient installation and disassembly through multi-axis actuation of the actuation system 2. The collar 541 is slotted to the stop tab 521 of the nozzle 52. The positioning rod 542 is parallel and close to the outlet of the extrusion nozzle 52 and is vertical to the drawing direction of the fiber winding, so that the interstellar melt is nearly vertically drawn from the outlet of the extrusion nozzle 52, the friction between the fuse and the extrusion nozzle 52 is reduced, and the shape stability of the fuse is ensured. The guide rod 543 is located at the oblique lower part of the positioning rod 542 far from the extrusion nozzle and is in the same plane with the filament winding position of the filament drawing device 55, the fiber is guided to enter the filament drawing device 55 along the direction parallel to the forming platform 24 in the filament winding and forming process, and the fiber tension is realized through the lap joint of the fiber between the guide rod 543 and the positioning rod 542 in the fiber drawing process.

The fiber drawing device 55 consists of a soaking hole 552, a positioning bolt I553 and a wire winding cylinder 551, is made of ceramic materials such as alumina, silicon nitride and the like, and can also be directly obtained through interstellar in-situ additive manufacturing. The infiltration holes 552 are positioned on the extension rod 554 extending out of the bottom of the wire winding barrel 551, and the inside and the periphery of the holes are ground to improve the infiltration of the interstellar soil melt; the positioning bolt I553 is positioned on the forming platform 24 and fixes the wire winding cylinder 551 through a bolt hole at the bottom; the wire winding drum 551 is driven by the actuating system 2 to rotate and vertically move along with the forming platform 24 in the wire winding and fiber forming process to gather interstellar soil fiber wires.

2. The fiber preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method for preparing the fused interstellar soil fiber in this example is shown in FIG. 17

1) And melt extrusion: the extrusion drawing temperature of the interstellar soil melt is important for the preparation process of the molten interstellar soil fiber, and the interstellar soil melt is ensured to have plasticity near an extrusion nozzle and to be rapidly solidified after extrusion and infiltration. In the specific embodiment of the preparation of the simulated lunar soil fiber, the melt extrusion temperature of the simulated lunar soil is controlled to be 1280-1330 ℃ in the fiber preparation state, and the corresponding melt viscosity range is 200-300 Pa.s;

2) And infiltration and fixation: the fiber drawing device 55 is driven by the actuating system 2 to enable the infiltration holes 552 to be close to the extrusion nozzle and to contact and infiltrate with the extruded alien soil melt for 10-20s, and then driven by the actuating system 2Z axis to be vertically far away from the extrusion nozzle along the Z axis direction shown in fig. 16;

3) And winding and tensioning: the fiber drawing device 55 is driven by the three-axis sliding table 22 to move at a constant speed, and moves from the lower part of the fiber drawing guide bracket 54 to the opposite side thereof, in the process, the independent rotating shaft 23 rotates at a constant speed for 180 degrees to drive the pre-stretched fiber wires attached to the infiltration holes 552 to change the direction, so that the pre-stretched fiber wires are wound on the fiber drawing guide bracket 54, and then the fiber drawing device 55 is driven by the module to move horizontally in the direction X shown in fig. 17, so as to tension the fibers to enter a fiber drawing position;

4) And winding the filaments into fibers: the fiber drawing device 55 is driven by the three-axis sliding table 22 to move along the Z-axis direction shown in FIG. 17, and is driven by the independent rotating shaft 23 to rotate, so that the straightened fibers are uniformly wound on the wire winding barrel 551, and the in-situ preparation of the simulated lunar soil fibers is realized. The effect of the preparation embodiment of the simulated lunar soil fiber is shown in figure 18.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A interstellar soil resource in-situ additive manufacturing multifunctional integrated system is characterized in that: including basic module, functional module and control module, the basic module is including automatic subassembly (1) of following spot, actuating system (2) and spotlight subassembly (3), spotlight subassembly (3) are installed in the automatic top of following spot subassembly (1), it installs on automatic subassembly (1) of following spot and is located the below of spotlight subassembly (3) to actuate system (2), functional module installs and realizes the removal in each position by the drive of actuating system (2) on actuating system (2), spotlight subassembly (3) assemble the sunlight and provide the heat for functional module, automatic subassembly (1) of following spot, actuate system (2) and functional module all are connected with the control module electricity, it supports (21), triaxial slip table (22), rotation axis (23) and shaping platform (24) to actuate system (2) including the fine setting, fine setting supports (21) and installs on automatic subassembly (1) of following spot, slip table (22) are installed on fine setting supports (21), rotation axis (23) is installed on the slider of the Z axle of slip table (22) vertical direction motion, shaping platform (24) is installed on slip table (23); the functional module is a fused deposition module (5), the fused deposition module (5) comprises a melter (51), an extrusion nozzle (52) and an annealing furnace (53), the annealing furnace (53) is fixed on the automatic light tracing assembly (1), the melter (51) is filled and fixed at an opening on the upper surface of the annealing furnace (53), the extrusion nozzle (52) is fixed on the melter (51), the forming platform (24) passes through a lower opening of the annealing furnace (53) and is positioned in the annealing furnace (53), the forming platform (24) is positioned below the extrusion nozzle (52), the fused deposition module (5) further comprises a guide bracket (54) and a fiber puller (55), the guide bracket (54) comprises a lantern ring (541), a positioning rod (542) and a guide rod (543), the positioning rod (542) is positioned below the lantern ring (541), the guide rod (543) is positioned obliquely below the positioning rod (542), the lantern ring (541), the positioning rod (542) and the guide rod (543) are integrally connected through a connecting rod II), the upper nozzle (541) is detachably sleeved on the extrusion nozzle (52) and is parallel with the extrusion tube (552), and the extrusion nozzle (52) and the fiber puller (55), the wire winding drum (551) is vertically fixed on the forming platform (24), the wetting hole (552) is positioned at the bottom of the wire winding drum (551), and the guide rod (543) and the wire winding position are positioned on the same plane.

2. The multifunction integrated system of claim 1, wherein: the fused deposition module (5) further comprises a bushing, a plurality of through holes are formed in the bushing, and the bushing is detachably fixed on the extrusion nozzle (52).

3. The multifunction integrated system of claim 1, wherein: the light condensation component (3) comprises a light condenser (31), an adjustable support (32) and a supporting rod (33), the light condenser (31) is installed on the adjustable support (32), and the adjustable support (32) is rotatably connected with the automatic light tracking component (1) through the supporting rod (33).

4. A multifunctional integrated system as recited in claim 1, wherein: the automatic light tracking assembly (1) comprises a base (11), a pitching mechanism (12), a rotating mechanism (13) and a light tracking sensor, wherein the pitching mechanism (12) is installed above the base (11) through the rotating mechanism (13), a plurality of universal wheels (14) are installed on the base (11), the light tracking sensor is installed on the light focusing assembly (3), a receiving surface of the light tracking sensor is parallel to a receiving surface of the light focusing assembly (3), the actuating system (2) is installed on the pitching mechanism (12), and the light tracking sensor, the pitching mechanism (12) and the rotating mechanism (13) are all electrically connected with the control module.

5. The multifunctional integrated system of claim 4, wherein: the pitching mechanism (12) comprises a bottom plate (121), a supporting frame (122) and an electric push rod (123), one side edge of the upper surface of the bottom plate (121) is rotatably connected with one side edge of the lower surface of the supporting frame (122), the other side edge of the upper surface of the bottom plate (121) is connected with the supporting frame (122) through the electric push rod (123), the actuating system (2) is installed inside the supporting frame (122), the light focusing assembly (3) is installed above the supporting frame (122), the rotating mechanism (13) comprises a rotating bearing (131) and a rotating motor (132), the bottom plate (121) is connected with a base (11) through the rotating bearing (131), the rotating bearing (131) is connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor (132), and the rotating motor (132) is fixed on the bottom plate (121) or the base (11).

6. Use of the multifunctional integrated system according to claim 1 for the preparation of interplanetary soil fibres, comprising the steps of:

step one, melt extrusion: the interstellar soil melt in the melting device (51) is melted and extruded through the extruding nozzle (52), and the extruding temperature of the interstellar soil melt is controlled to reach the temperature range corresponding to the interstellar soil viscosity of 100-300 Pa.s;

step two, infiltration fixation: the fiber drawing device (55) leads the infiltration hole (552) to be close to the extrusion nozzle (52) and to be contacted and infiltrated with the extruded interstellar soil melt under the driving of the actuating system (2), and then leads the infiltration hole to be vertically far away from the extrusion nozzle (52) under the driving of the actuating system (2), and fixes and prestretches the interstellar soil melt;

step three, winding tensioning: the fiber drawing device (55) moves to the opposite side of the positioning rod (542) relative to the guide rod (543) at a constant speed through the actuating system (2), and meanwhile, the rotating shaft (23) drives the wire winding drum (551) to rotate at a constant speed by 180 degrees, so that the pre-stretched fiber is wound on the guide bracket (54) and the fiber drawing device (55) enters a fiber drawing position;

step four, reeling and forming fibers: the fiber drawing device (55) is driven by the actuating system (2) to rotate at a constant speed and move vertically along with the forming platform (24), and the straightened fibers are uniformly wound on the fiber winding drum (551) to realize the stretching, fiber winding and fiber forming of interstellar soil fibers.