CN116904870A - 一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板及生产方法 - Google Patents
一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板及生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种适于‑40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板,其组分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.17~0.25%,Mn:1.7~2.1%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.010%,Als:0.03~0.06%,Ti:0.010~0.02%,Si不超过0.17%或Cr不超过0.6%或B不超过0.0003%或其中两种及以上的按任一比例复合物;生产方法:常规冶炼并浇铸成坯;对铸坯加热后热轧;卷取后连续开卷并淬火;高速冷却;按定尺横切后回火;自然冷却至室温。本发明在钢板宽度在2000~2100mm、厚度在15~25mm、保证产品屈服强度不低于1140MPa、抗拉强度不低于1260MPa、延伸率不低于10%前提下,‑40℃冲击功不低于40J,且组分简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机械工程用耐磨钢及生产方法,具体属于一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板及生产方法。
背景技术
低合金高强度耐磨钢广泛应用于冶金、矿山、建材、铁路、电力、煤炭等机械装备中,使用环境恶劣,对于强度、韧性、硬度和耐磨性的质量要求与日俱增。特别是低温韧性,对于应用过程中的开裂风险影响深远。传统薄规格耐磨钢通过轧制和冷却工艺优化,较低的卷取温度有利于细化显微组织,从而提高低温韧性。然而随着厚度的提高,在较低的卷取温度下,厚规格钢卷的强度对于卷取和横切装备提高了较大挑战。因此,对于热连轧厚规格耐磨钢而言,为了保证装备安全,其卷取温度通常较高,原始晶粒粗大,-40℃低温韧性只能达到10~20J水平,难以满足低温环境应用要求。
中国专利公开号为CN102605234A的文献,公开了《一种耐磨钢板及其制造方法》,其成分重量百分比为:C:0.08-0.24%、Si:0.10-0.30%、Mn:0.70-1.70%、P:≤0.050%、S:≤0.030%、Cr:≤1.00%、Mo:≤0.60%、Al:0.01-0.10%、B:0.0005-0.0040%、Ti:0.005-0.06%,且满足:0.15≤Cr+Mo≤1.20%,0.011%≤Al+Ti≤0.15%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。采用铸造-控轧-调质热处理工艺生产。其虽性能优良,其只能适用于制造工程机械中易磨损设备,较高的强度会恶化低温韧性,-40℃一般在20J左右,不能满足-40℃低温环境,易开裂。
由于耐磨钢主要采用组织强化来保证组织和性能,马氏体强度高,淬火后原始奥氏体晶粒粗大,导致耐磨钢强度通常高达1200MPa~1400MPa级别,但低温回火后的韧性较差,强韧性难以同时满足。
发明内容
本发明在于克服现有技术存在的不足,提供一种在钢板宽度在2000~2100mm、厚度在15~25mm、保证产品屈服强度不低于1140MPa、抗拉强度不低于1260MPa、延伸率不低于10%前提下,-40℃冲击功不低于40J,且组分简单的采用CSP生产的适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板及生产方法。
实现上述目的的措施:
一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板,其组分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.17~0.25%,Mn:1.7~2.1%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.010%,Als:0.03~0.06%,Ti:0.010~0.02%,Si不超过0.17%或Cr不超过0.6%或B不超过0.0003%或其中两种及以上的按任一比例复合物,其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
优选地:Mn的重量百分比含量为1.75~1.90%。
一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其步骤:
1)常规冶炼并浇铸成坯,其间,在冶炼过程中,按照0.05~0.15Kg/吨钢采用加入稀土对夹杂物进行改性;
2)对铸坯加热,控制铸坯加热温度在1180~1230℃,控制高温段加热时间不低于60min;
3)进行粗轧:控制前三道次中至少有一道次压下率不低于20%,控制粗轧结束时板坯厚度在40~80mm;
4)进行精轧,控制终轧温度FT7在780~820℃,控制总累计压下率不低于60%,末三道次累计压下率不低于40%;
5)进行卷取,控制卷取温度CT在700~750℃;
6)连续开卷并进行淬火,控制淬火温度在790~830℃,控制淬火时间在5~10分钟;
7)按定尺横切后,进行回火,控制回火温度在150~200℃,回火时间在10~30min;
8)自然冷却至室温。
优选地:终轧温度FT7在785~815℃。
优选地:卷取温度CT在708~723℃。
优选地:淬火温度在796~823℃。
优选地:回火温度在156~194℃。
本发明中各元素及主要工艺的作用及机理
C:C是提高材料强度最廉价的元素,随着含碳量增加,硬度、强度提高,但塑韧性和焊接性能降低。综合考虑,C重量百分含量为0.17~0.25%即可;
Mn:Mn显著降低Ar1温度、奥氏体分解速度,提高过冷奥氏体稳定性,促进奥氏体释放应力,增加最终组织中的残奥含量,提高冷弯性能,但Mn含量若太高,会增加回火脆性,导致严重中心偏析,综合考虑,Mn重量百分含量为0.5~2%为宜。
Als:Als在钢中可脱氧,降低夹杂物含量,也能起到细化晶粒的作用,综合考虑,Als在0.03~0.06%;
Ti:Ti在钢中与C、N具有极强的亲和力,形成稳定的Ti(C,N)化合物,在控制轧制过程中诱导析出,可有效阻止再结晶,析出和细化晶粒作用显著,综合考虑,Ti重量百分含量为0.010~0.020%为宜;
本发明之所以添加Si不超过0.17%或Cr不超过0.6%或B不超过0.0003%或其中两种及以上的按任一比例复合物,是由于Si能降低碳在铁素体中的扩散速度,促进铁素体形成,也会恶化表面质量;Cr能提高淬透性,也能提高回火稳定性,降低得到马氏体的冷速,但过高的Cr降低加工性和焊接性;B可极大提高淬透性,但B过多时,易在晶界富集,会降低晶界结合能,使钢板受到冲击载荷时更倾向于沿晶断裂,降低钢板的低温冲击功,因此,本发明中B的加入量为≤0.0003%。
P、S:P、S是钢中有害的杂质元素,钢中P易在钢中形成偏析,降低钢的韧性和焊接性能,S易形成塑性硫化物,使钢板产生分层,恶化钢板性能,故P、S含量越低越好,综合考虑,将钢的P、S含量为P≤0.020%,S≤0.010%。
本发明之所以控制终轧温度FT7温度在780~820℃,优选地在785~815℃,是由于当终轧温度较高时,易引起晶粒粗大,在较低的终轧温度时,有利于轧制过程中的晶粒细化,而当终轧温度低于780℃时,容易造成混晶,影响最终组织和性能。
本发明之所以控制卷取温度CT温度在708~723℃,优选地在708~723℃,是由于钢卷厚度较薄,当卷取温度低于708℃时,难以抵抗热应力,恶化钢板板形和卷形,当卷取温度高于723℃时,冷却阶段的冷却速度不够,奥氏体晶粒粗大,对于成品的性能也有不利影响。
本发明之所以控制淬火温度在790~830℃,优选地淬火温度在796~823℃,是由于当淬火温度低于796℃时,钢板不能完全奥氏体化,钢板会出现混晶组织,影响成品钢板的组织、性能均匀性,当淬火温度高于823℃时,原始奥氏体晶粒粗大,转变成马氏体后,板条尺寸大,韧性受到严重影响。
本发明之所以控制控制回火温度在150~200℃,优选地回火温度在156~194℃,是由于当回火温度低于156℃,回火效果不佳,对于板形和内应力的改善能力弱,当回火温度高于194℃,马氏体中过饱和的碳易析出,固溶度下降,强度和硬度的影响较大,性能不合的风险较大。
本发明与现有技术相比,本发明在钢板宽度在2000~2100mm、厚度在15~25mm、保证产品屈服强度不低于1140MPa、抗拉强度不低于1260MPa、延伸率不低于10%前提下,-40℃冲击功不低于40J,使低温环境使用不开裂;解决了传统热连轧产线难以卷取和横切的难题;高温卷取情况下,热轧卷的板形质量显著提高;组分简单。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明予以详细描述:
表1为本发明各实施例及对比例的化学成分列表;
表2为本发明各实施例及对比例的主要工艺参数列表;
表3为本发明各实施例及对比例的性能检测情况列表。
本发明各实施例按照以下步骤生产
1)常规冶炼并浇铸成坯,其间,在冶炼过程中,按照0.05~0.15Kg/吨钢采用加入稀土对夹杂物进行改性;
2)对铸坯加热,控制铸坯加热温度在1180~1230℃,控制高温段加热时间不低于60min;
3)进行粗轧:控制前三道次中至少有一道次压下率不低于20%,控制粗轧结束时板坯厚度在40~80mm;
4)进行精轧,控制终轧温度FT7在780~820℃,控制总累计压下率不低于60%,末三道次累计压下率不低于40%;
5)进行卷取,控制卷取温度CT在700~750℃;
6)连续开卷并进行淬火,控制淬火温度在790~830℃,控制淬火时间在5~10分钟;
7)按定尺横切后,进行回火,控制回火温度在150~200℃,回火时间在10~30min;
8)自然冷却至室温。
说明:
冶炼过程中在0.05~0.15Kg/吨钢内加入稀土量满足对夹杂物进行改性即可;
粗轧结束时板坯厚度在40~80mm任一厚度即可。
表1本发明各实施例及对比例的化学成分列表(wt%)
表2本发明各实施例及对比例的主要工艺参数列表
表3本发明各实施例及对比例的力学性能检测结果列表
从表3可以看出,本专利在成分设计更简单,合金含量更低的情况下,通过工艺创新,在强度不降低的情况下,宽厚规格的耐磨钢低温韧性较传统工艺耐磨钢实现了本质提升,达到了对比工艺性能的1.5~2倍的水平。
本具体实施方式仅为最佳例举,并非对本发明技术方案的限制性实施。
Claims (7)
1.一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板,其组分及重量百分比含量为:C:
0.17~0.25%,Mn:1.7~2.1%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.010%,Als:0.03~0.06%,Ti:
0.010~0.02%,Si不超过0.3%或Cr不超过0.6%或B不超过0.0003%或其中两种及以上的按任一比例复合物,其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板,其特征在于:Mn的重量百分比含量为1.75~1.90%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其步骤:
1)常规冶炼并浇铸成坯,其间,在冶炼过程中,按照0.05~0.15Kg/吨钢采用加入稀土对夹杂物进行改性;
2)对铸坯加热,控制铸坯加热温度在1180~1230℃,控制高温段加热时间不低于60min;
3)进行粗轧:控制前三道次中至少有一道次压下率不低于20%,控制粗轧结束时板坯厚度在40~80mm;
4)进行精轧,控制终轧温度FT7在780~820℃,控制总累计压下率不低于60%,末三道次累计压下率不低于40%;
5)进行卷取,控制卷取温度CT在700~750℃;
6)连续开卷并进行淬火,控制淬火温度在790~830℃,控制淬火时间在5~10分钟;
7)按定尺横切后,进行回火,控制回火温度在150~200℃,回火时间在10~30min;
8)自然冷却至室温。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其特征在于:终轧温度FT7在785~815℃。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其特征在于:卷取温度CT在708~723℃。
6.如权利要求3所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其特征在于:淬火温度在796~823℃。
7.如权利要求3所述的一种适于-40℃环境使用的高韧性耐磨中厚钢板的生产方法,其特征在于:回火温度在156~194℃。
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CN101691640A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-04-07 | 东北大学 | 一种高强度低合金耐磨钢板及其制造方法 |
CN102644030A (zh) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种屈服强度为800MPa级低温用钢及其生产方法 |
CN111593264A (zh) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-28 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 一种免回火型耐磨热轧带钢及生产方法 |
CN116254480A (zh) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-13 | 皖西学院 | 一种硬度在HB550~600的含V-Ti耐磨钢及生产方法 |
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CN101691640A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-04-07 | 东北大学 | 一种高强度低合金耐磨钢板及其制造方法 |
CN102644030A (zh) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种屈服强度为800MPa级低温用钢及其生产方法 |
CN111593264A (zh) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-28 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 一种免回火型耐磨热轧带钢及生产方法 |
CN116254480A (zh) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-13 | 皖西学院 | 一种硬度在HB550~600的含V-Ti耐磨钢及生产方法 |
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