CN116904753A - Classification recovery device and method for iron-zinc-containing dust mud - Google Patents
Classification recovery device and method for iron-zinc-containing dust mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN116904753A CN116904753A CN202310660489.4A CN202310660489A CN116904753A CN 116904753 A CN116904753 A CN 116904753A CN 202310660489 A CN202310660489 A CN 202310660489A CN 116904753 A CN116904753 A CN 116904753A
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- flue gas
- zinc
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- reduction
- iron
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940024464 emollients and protectives zinc product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a classification recycling device and method for iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge, wherein the device comprises a roasting reduction system and a flue gas recycling system; the roasting reduction system is used for carrying out roasting reduction treatment on pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud; the roasting reduction system comprises a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace, wherein a plurality of partition walls extending downwards from the furnace top are arranged in the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace to divide the space in the furnace into a feeding cavity, an oxidizing roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharging cavity; an oxidation flue gas outlet is formed in the oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction flue gas outlet is formed in the reduction cavity, and a discharge device is arranged in the discharge cavity; the flue gas recovery system comprises an oxidation flue gas purification recovery unit and a reduction flue gas purification recovery unit; the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling oxidized flue gas from the oxidizing roasting cavity to obtain a salt product; and the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling the reduction flue gas from the reduction cavity to obtain a zinc product. The invention can classify and recycle various products from the source and improve the product value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment and recycling, and particularly relates to a device and a method for classifying and recycling iron-zinc-containing dust mud.
Background
The iron and steel smelting process is basically a high-temperature roasting or reduction process of iron ore, and volatile substances in raw materials, such as zinc, lead, potassium, sodium, chlorine and other elements are enriched in smoke dust, so that the content of the elements in dust-removing ash such as sintering machine head ash, electric furnace ash, blast furnace ash, converter ash and the like is high, and if the iron and steel smelting process is directly used without treatment, the zinc load of a blast furnace ironmaking system is often over-standard, and the blast furnace is influenced. For the high zinc ash, a rotary hearth furnace is generally adopted for reduction treatment by large-scale steel enterprises, so that most of iron and zinc are separated, iron-containing materials enter a steelmaking or ironmaking process for recycling, and most of flue gas containing substances such as zinc, lead, potassium, sodium, chlorine and the like is recycled by a flue gas system and then is sold.
The flue gas in the reduction treatment process of the rotary hearth furnace contains potassium, sodium, chlorine and other impurity elements, after being enriched again by a flue gas system, the flue gas is mostly in the form of chlorides, and the chlorides are mostly low-melting-point substances, and the chlorides can be adhered to a heat exchange surface to form sticky matters due to phase change and other reasons in the flue gas cooling process, so that the heat exchange effect is affected, and the flue gas channels are blocked, so that the production is affected; the zinc-containing dust obtained by recycling the flue gas through a flue gas system is mainly used as a raw material in the zinc industry after being sold, but the selling price is affected due to the fact that the recycled zinc is contained in the zinc-containing dust, and in addition, the energy consumption and the cost for raw material treatment are increased.
In view of the above, there is a need to develop a system and a method for classifying and recovering iron, zinc and salt products of iron-zinc-containing dust sludge, which can classify and recover various products from the source and improve the product value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a classified recovery device and method for iron-containing zinc dust mud, wherein a multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace is adopted to carry out roasting reduction treatment on the iron-containing zinc dust mud, then oxidation flue gas and reduction flue gas generated in the roasting reduction process are respectively treated, and iron, zinc and salt products in the iron-containing zinc dust mud are classified and recovered from the source, so that the added value of the products is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a classified recovery device and a method for iron-zinc-containing dust mud, wherein the classified recovery device comprises a roasting reduction system and a flue gas recovery system;
the roasting reduction system is used for carrying out roasting reduction treatment on pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud; the roasting reduction system comprises a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace, wherein a plurality of partition walls extending downwards from the furnace top are arranged in the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace to divide the space in the furnace into a feeding cavity, an oxidizing roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharging cavity; an oxidation flue gas outlet is formed in the oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction flue gas outlet is formed in the reduction cavity, and a discharging device is arranged in the discharging cavity;
the flue gas recovery system comprises an oxidation flue gas purification recovery unit connected with the oxidation roasting cavity and a reduction flue gas purification recovery unit connected with the reduction cavity; the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling oxidized flue gas from the oxidizing roasting cavity to obtain a salt product; and the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling the reduction flue gas from the reduction cavity to obtain a zinc product.
Preferably, the reducing chamber is provided with a reducing agent charging port connected with the reducing agent charging channel.
Preferably, the oxidation flue gas purifying and recycling unit comprises a primary cooler connected with the oxidation roasting cavity, a secondary cooling dust remover connected with the primary cooler, and an oxidation flue gas purifying device for purifying the water-containing dust and mud collected by the secondary cooling dust remover.
Preferably, the oxidation flue gas purifying and recycling unit further comprises a flue gas emergency diffusing flue connected with the oxidation roasting cavity, and a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue; and/or
The primary cooler is provided with a flue inlet and a flue outlet, the flue inlet of the primary cooler is connected with the oxidizing roasting cavity through a first flue, the first flue is provided with more than two air inlet valves, the flue outlet of the primary cooler is connected with the secondary cooling dust remover through a second flue, and thermocouples for detecting the temperature of flue gas are arranged on the first flue and the second flue; the primary cooler cools the flue gas in an air heat exchange mode, and an air inlet regulating valve group which is interlocked with the temperature of a flue gas outlet is arranged on the primary cooler; and/or
The secondary cooling dust remover adopts a wet cyclone dust remover, the bottom of the wet cyclone dust remover is provided with a water tank connected with a flue gas outlet of the primary cooler, and a high-pressure spray head is arranged above the water tank; the top of the wet cyclone dust collector is provided with a cyclone plate for guiding and splitting; the water-containing dust and mud collected by the water tank of the wet cyclone dust collector is conveyed to the oxidized flue gas purifying device through a slag scraping facility; and/or
The oxidation flue gas purification device comprises leaching equipment, dehydration equipment, purification equipment and evaporation salt making equipment; the leaching equipment is used for uniformly mixing and leaching the water-containing dust and mud; the dehydration equipment carries out dehydration treatment on the water-containing dust and mud treated by the leaching equipment; the purification equipment carries out quenching and tempering purification treatment and dehydration filtration on the filtrate treated by the dehydration equipment; and the evaporation salt making equipment performs multi-effect evaporation treatment on the purified filtrate treated by the purification equipment to obtain potassium chloride and sodium chloride products.
Preferably, the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit comprises a splash condenser connected with the reduction cavity, ingot casting equipment connected with the splash condenser and a metal film filter bag dust collector connected with a flue gas outlet at the top of the splash condenser.
Preferably, the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit further comprises a flue gas emergency diffusing flue connected with the reduction cavity, and a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue; and/or
The splash condenser adopts a lead rain condenser, a liquid pool for collecting liquid zinc is arranged at the bottom of the lead rain condenser, a zinc discharge port is arranged on the lead rain condenser, and a flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the lead rain condenser; and/or
And the metal film filter bag dust collector is connected with a flue gas outlet of the splash condenser through a water cooling channel.
Preferably, the feeding cavity of the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace is connected with a raw material treatment system; the raw material processing system comprises a batching device, a mixing device, a forming device and a drying device which are sequentially connected.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust mud, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, pellets prepared from iron-zinc-containing dust mud enter a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace of a roasting reduction system and sequentially pass through an oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharge cavity, and the pellets are subjected to oxidation roasting and reduction to obtain DRI pellets;
s2, the oxidized flue gas generated by the oxidizing roasting enters an oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit to be recycled to obtain sodium salt and potassium salt;
s3, reducing smoke generated in the reduction process is brought into a reducing smoke purifying and recycling unit to be recycled to obtain zinc ingots and zinc-containing dust;
preferably, in the step S1:
the raw materials for preparing the pellets from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud comprise the iron-zinc-containing dust mud, a reducing agent and a binder, wherein the reducing agent adopts coal dust or coke powder; and/or
The water content of the pellets prepared by the iron-zinc-containing dust mud is less than 2wt%; and/or
The oxidizing roasting temperature is controlled to 1050-1200 ℃, and the reducing temperature is controlled to 1250-1300 ℃; the temperature of the discharging cavity is 1000-1200 ℃; and/or
The reduction cavity adopts oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting air.
Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
the oxidized flue gas enters a primary cooler of the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit, and air heat exchange is adopted for primary cooling;
the oxidized flue gas after primary cooling enters a secondary cooling dust remover, and the oxidized flue gas is subjected to secondary cooling dust removal to obtain water-containing dust and purified flue gas;
washing, leaching, dehydrating and filtering the water-containing dust and mud to obtain leaching residues and filtrate;
purifying, tempering, dehydrating and filtering the filtrate to obtain purified slag and purified filtrate; and obtaining sodium salt and potassium salt after multi-effect evaporation of the purified filtrate.
Preferably, in the step S2:
the temperature of the oxidized flue gas after primary cooling is less than or equal to 500 ℃; and/or
In the primary cooling process, heat exchange is carried out between combustion-supporting air and the oxidized flue gas; the temperature of the combustion air entering the primary cooler is 25-250 ℃, and the temperature of the combustion air exiting the primary cooler is less than or equal to 450 ℃; and/or
The leaching slag and the purified slag are used as raw materials for preparing pellets.
Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
the reduction flue gas enters the splash condenser, zinc in the reduction flue gas is condensed into liquid zinc after primary cooling, and the liquid zinc enters ingot casting equipment to obtain zinc ingots;
and the reduction flue gas after primary cooling enters a water cooling flue to be subjected to secondary cooling, and then the reduction flue gas after secondary cooling is subjected to dust removal by a metal film filter bag dust remover to obtain purified coal gas and zinc-containing dust.
Preferably, in the step S3, the temperature of the primary cooled reducing flue gas is 400-450 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the classifying and recycling device and method for the iron-containing zinc dust mud, the multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace is adopted to bake and reduce the iron-containing zinc dust mud, and then the oxidized flue gas and the reduced flue gas are respectively treated, so that the iron, zinc and salt products in the iron-containing zinc dust mud are classified and recycled from the source, and the added value of the products is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a classification recycling device for iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust sludge according to the invention;
in the figure, 1, a rotary hearth furnace; 2. an oxidation flue gas purifying and recycling unit; 21. a primary cooler; 22. a secondary cooling dust remover; 23. a leaching device; 24. a dewatering device; 25. a purifying device; 26. evaporating salt-making equipment; 3. a reduction flue gas purifying and recovering unit; 31. a splash condenser; 32. a water cooling channel; 33. a metal film filter bag dust collector; 34. ingot casting equipment; 4. a batching device; 5. a mixing device; 6. a molding device; 7. and a drying device.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the classified recovery device for the iron-zinc-containing dust mud provided by the invention comprises a roasting reduction system and a flue gas recovery system. The roasting reduction system is used for carrying out roasting reduction treatment on pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud; the roasting reduction system comprises a multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace 1, wherein a plurality of partition walls extending downwards from the furnace top are arranged in the multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace 1 to divide the space in the furnace into a feeding cavity, an oxidizing roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharging cavity so as to realize atmosphere control of different chambers; an oxidation flue gas outlet is arranged on the oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction flue gas outlet is arranged on the reduction cavity, and a discharge device is arranged in the discharge cavity. The flue gas recovery system comprises an oxidation flue gas purification recovery unit 2 connected with the oxidation roasting cavity and a reduction flue gas purification recovery unit 3 connected with the reduction cavity; the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit 2 is used for recycling oxidized flue gas from the oxidizing roasting cavity to obtain a salt product; the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit 3 is used for recycling the reduction flue gas from the reduction cavity to obtain zinc products. According to the invention, the pellets prepared from the iron-containing zinc dust mud are subjected to roasting reduction treatment by the multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace 1, and then oxidized flue gas and reduction flue gas generated in the roasting reduction process are treated by adopting different flue gas recovery systems, so that the classified recovery of flue gas products is realized, and the roasted and reduced pellets are used as iron-containing materials to enter an iron-making or steel-making process.
Referring to fig. 1, the roasting reduction system mainly comprises a multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace 1, wherein a vibration distributor is used for uniformly paving pellets prepared from iron-zinc-containing dust mud on a hearth; a combustion system for providing heat for reduction of the rotary hearth furnace 1; the furnace bottom is mechanical, and the pellets on the furnace bed pass through the oxidizing roasting cavity, the reducing cavity and the discharging cavity in sequence by slowly rotating; the discharging device adopts a water-cooling spiral discharging machine to discharge the high-temperature cooked balls in the rotary hearth furnace 1; the reducing chamber is provided with a reducing agent charging port connected with the reducing agent charging channel.
Referring to fig. 1, a feed chamber of a multi-chamber rotary hearth furnace 1 is connected to a raw material processing system; the raw material treatment system is used for preparing iron-containing zinc dust into pellets and comprises a batching device 4, a mixing device 5, a forming device 6 and a drying device 7 which are connected through a conveying device.
As shown in fig. 1, the oxidized flue gas purifying and recovering unit 2 includes a primary cooler 21 connected to the oxidizing roasting chamber, a secondary cooling dust remover 22 connected to the primary cooler 21, and an oxidized flue gas purifying device for purifying the aqueous dust and sludge collected by the secondary cooling dust remover 22.
As shown in fig. 1, a flue inlet and a flue outlet are formed in the primary cooler 21, the flue inlet of the primary cooler 21 is connected with the oxidizing roasting cavity through a first flue, more than two air inlet valves are formed in the first flue, the flue outlet of the primary cooler 21 is connected with the secondary cooling dust remover 22 through a second flue, and thermocouples for detecting the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the flue gas are arranged in the first flue and the second flue; the primary cooler 21 cools the oxidized flue gas in an air heat exchange mode, an air inlet regulating valve group which is interlocked with the inlet temperature of the flue gas and the outlet temperature of the flue gas is arranged on the primary cooler 21, the opening of the air inlet regulating valve group is interlocked with the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flue gas, and the opening of the air inlet regulating valve group is regulated to control the temperature of the outlet flue gas; in a further preferred embodiment, the primary cooler 21 is provided with a tube heat exchanger, optionally with a light pipe, to reduce sticking.
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary cooling dust remover 22 adopts a wet cyclone dust remover, the bottom of the wet cyclone dust remover is provided with a water tank connected with a flue gas outlet of the primary cooler 21, and the top of the wet cyclone dust remover is provided with a high-pressure spray head and a cyclone plate for guiding and diverting; the water-containing dust and mud collected by the water tank of the wet cyclone dust collector is conveyed to the oxidized smoke dust purifying device through a slag scraping facility. In the process of secondary cooling dust removal, oxidized flue gas subjected to primary cooling enters from the bottom of a wet cyclone dust collector, the oxidized flue gas flows from bottom to top through a water tank at the bottom of the wet cyclone dust collector under the suction effect of a centrifugal fan arranged on the wet cyclone dust collector, a high-pressure spray nozzle sprays water mist from top to bottom, the flue gas and cooling water do relative motion, and a cyclone plate in the wet cyclone dust collector guides and shunts the water mist, so that the oxidized flue gas fully contacts with the water mist, and the oxidized flue gas is discharged through a chimney after reaching the dust removal standard; the water-containing dust and mud collected on the water tank at the bottom of the wet cyclone dust collector is conveyed to the oxidized smoke dust purifying device by the slag scraping equipment.
As shown in fig. 1, the oxidized fume purifying apparatus includes a leaching device 23, a dehydrating device 24, a purifying device 25, and an evaporation salt making device 26. The leaching device 23 is used for uniformly mixing and leaching the water-containing dust and mud; a dewatering device 24 (a plate-and-frame filter can be adopted) is used for dewatering the water-containing dust and sludge treated by the leaching device 23; the purifying device 25 carries out tempering purification treatment and dehydration filtration on the filtrate treated by the dehydrating device 24; the evaporation salt making equipment 26 carries out multi-effect evaporation treatment on the purified filtrate treated by the purifying equipment 25 to obtain potassium chloride and sodium chloride products.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidizing flue gas purification and recovery unit 2 further comprises a flue gas emergency release flue connected with the oxidizing roasting cavity; a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue, and the diffusing valve on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue is interlocked with the furnace pressure in the oxidizing roasting cavity; under normal working conditions, oxidizing flue gas enters the primary cooler 21, and the oxidizing roasting cavity and the flue gas system are controlled to be under negative pressure by a flue gas fan; when the furnace condition is abnormal or the flue gas system needs to be isolated from the rotary hearth furnace 1, the diffusing valve is opened, the flue gas is diffused through the emergency discharge port of the flue gas emergency diffusing flue, and the air inlet valve on the first flue is closed.
As shown in fig. 1, the reduction flue gas purifying and recovering unit 3 includes a splash condenser 31 connected to the reduction chamber, an ingot casting device 34 connected to the splash condenser 31, and a metal film filter bag dust collector 33 connected to a flue gas outlet at the top of the splash condenser 31. The splash condenser 31 is a lead rain condenser, a liquid pool for collecting liquid zinc is arranged at the bottom of the lead rain condenser, a zinc outlet is arranged on the lead rain condenser, and a flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the lead rain condenser. The ingot casting equipment 34 is connected to the lower part of the zinc discharge port of the splash condenser for casting liquid zinc into zinc ingots. The metal film filter bag dust collector 33 is connected with a flue gas outlet of the splash condenser 31 through a water cooling channel 32, and the reduced flue gas cooled by the splash condenser 31 is cooled again in the water cooling channel 32, and then dust collection treatment is carried out in the metal film filter bag dust collection. In the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit 3, the reduction flue gas enters a lead rain condenser through a flue to be subjected to primary cooling, zinc steam in the reduction flue gas meets with raised lead rain, the zinc steam is condensed into liquid zinc which falls into a liquid pool, the lead zinc is separated after primary cooling, and the liquid zinc is periodically discharged into ingot casting equipment 34 through a zinc discharge port to be cast into zinc ingots; the primary cooled reduction flue gas enters a water cooling channel 32 for secondary cooling, then enters a metal film filter bag dust collector 33 for dust removal to obtain purified gas, and the purified gas is pressurized by a gas fan and can be used for a green ball drying process. The dust collected in the dust bin of the metal film filter bag dust collector 33 is zinc-containing dust, and can be returned to the proportioning bin as raw material.
As shown in fig. 1, the reduction flue gas purifying and recovering unit 3 further comprises a flue gas emergency diffusing flue connected with the reduction cavity, and a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue; the flue gas emergency diffusing flue is used for emergency diffusing of flue gas in the reduction cavity.
The invention also provides a classified recovery method of the iron-zinc-containing dust mud, which is shown in the figure 2, and comprises the following steps of:
s1, pellets prepared from iron-zinc-containing dust mud enter a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1 of a roasting reduction system, and pass through an oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharge cavity in sequence, and the pellets are subjected to oxidation roasting and reduction to obtain DRI pellets;
specifically, before entering the roasting reduction system, the iron-zinc-containing dust mud needs to be prepared into pellets in the raw material treatment system, namely, the iron-zinc-containing dust mud, a reducing agent (C-containing raw material such as coal dust or coke powder and the like) and a binder are proportioned according to a certain proportion, and then are uniformly mixed, molded and dried, and then enter a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1 of the roasting reduction system, wherein the water content of the pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud before entering the roasting reduction system is less than 2wt%.
Pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud sequentially pass through an oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharge cavity along with the rotation of a hearth in a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1, the pellets are subjected to oxidation roasting in the oxidation roasting cavity, and low-melting-point chlorides in the pellets, such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, lead chloride, a small amount of reduced zinc and the like, enter an oxidation flue gas system; the pellets after the oxidizing roasting are in a reducing cavity, a plurality of burners and air ports in the reducing cavity are used for introducing a certain amount of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air into the reducing cavity as combustion-supporting air, so that partial combustion of combustible matters such as partial carbon monoxide and the like generated by reduction occurs, and meanwhile, a certain partial pressure of CO is reserved in the reducing cavity, so that the reduced zinc steam is prevented from being oxidized, and the content of the zinc steam and the carbon monoxide in the reducing flue gas is improved; in addition, a reducing agent feeding channel and a flow control facility are arranged on the reducing cavity, and the atmosphere in the reducing cavity can be adjusted through the adding amount of the reducing agent; the reduced zinc enters a reduction flue gas system in the form of reduction flue gas, iron and other substances are reserved in the pellets in the form of solid mixture, enter a DRI finished product cooling cylinder, enter a DRI bin after being cooled, and enter an iron making or steelmaking system to be reused as iron-containing materials. Wherein, the temperature control of multicavity rotary hearth furnace 1 is: the oxidizing roasting temperature is controlled at 1050-1200 ℃, and the reduction temperature is controlled at 1250-1300 ℃; the temperature of the discharging cavity is 1000-1200 ℃.
S2, oxidizing flue gas generated by oxidizing roasting enters an oxidizing flue gas purifying and recycling unit 2 for recycling to obtain sodium salt and potassium salt;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the oxidized flue gas enters a primary cooler 21 of an oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit 2, and primary cooling is carried out by adopting air heat exchange, wherein the primary cooler 21 can measure the temperature of a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet in real time through a thermocouple, and the temperature of the flue gas outlet is controlled by adjusting the opening of an air inlet adjusting valve group, so that the temperature of the oxidized flue gas after primary cooling (namely the temperature of the flue gas outlet) is controlled to be less than or equal to 500 ℃; in the primary cooling process, heat exchange is performed between the combustion air and the oxidation flue gas, the temperature of the combustion air when the combustion air comes out of the primary cooler 21 is less than or equal to 450 ℃, in a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the combustion air at the inlet of the primary cooler 21 is 25-250 ℃, when the combustion air does not preheat (such as about 25 ℃ at normal temperature) and enters the primary cooler 21, the temperature of the combustion air after coming out of the primary cooler 21 is slightly lower (such as 300 ℃), and when the combustion air after preheating (such as 200 ℃ and 250 ℃) and enters the primary cooler 21, the temperature of the combustion air after coming out of the primary cooler 21 is slightly higher (such as 450 ℃); the combustion-supporting air exchanges heat with the oxidized flue gas and then is introduced into the rotary hearth furnace 1 to be used as combustion-supporting gas to participate in combustion. The secondary cooling dust collection adopts a wet cyclone dust collector, wherein the secondary cooling adopts a spray cooling mode, oxidized flue gas after primary cooling enters from the bottom of the wet cyclone dust collector, the oxidized flue gas passes through a bottom water tank of the wet cyclone dust collector to flow from bottom to top under the action of a centrifugal fan, a high-pressure spray head at the top of the wet cyclone dust collector sprays water mist from top to bottom, air flow and cooling water do relative motion, a cyclone plate is arranged in the wet cyclone dust collector for guiding and splitting, so that the oxidized flue gas fully contacts with the water mist, and the flue gas after dust collection is discharged through a chimney after reaching standards; the water-containing dust and mud collected on the water tank at the bottom of the wet cyclone dust collector is conveyed to the oxidized smoke dust purifying device by the slag scraping equipment. The water-containing dust and mud is conveyed into leaching equipment 23 of an oxidized smoke purifying device by a scraper machine for uniform mixing and leaching, and is conveyed into dewatering equipment 24 (such as a plate-frame filter) by a slurry pump for dewatering and filtering to obtain leaching residue and filtrate respectively; the leached slag can be used as raw materials for preparing pellets for recycling; the filtrate enters a purifying device 25 for tempering and purifying treatment, and is dehydrated and filtered to obtain purified slag and purified filtrate; the purified slag can be used as a raw material for preparing pellets for recycling; the purified filtrate is fed to evaporation salt making equipment 26 for multi-effect evaporation treatment to finally obtain potassium chloride and sodium chloride products.
S3, reducing smoke generated in the reduction process is brought into a reducing smoke purifying and recycling unit 3 to be recycled to obtain zinc ingots and zinc-containing dust;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the reduction flue gas (with the temperature of about 1100 ℃) enters the splash condenser 31 (a lead rain condenser can be adopted here) through a flue for primary cooling, the reduction flue gas meets the lead rain raised by the splash condenser, zinc vapor in the reduction flue gas is condensed into liquid zinc which falls into a liquid pool, the lead zinc is separated after primary cooling, and the liquid zinc is periodically discharged into the ingot casting equipment 34 through a zinc discharge port for casting into zinc ingots. The reduction flue gas (the temperature of which is 400-450 ℃) after the primary cooling enters a water cooling flue to be subjected to secondary cooling, and then the reduction flue gas after the secondary cooling enters a metal film filter bag dust collector 33 to be subjected to dust removal to obtain purified coal gas; the purified gas can be used for the green pellet drying procedure after being pressurized by a gas fan, and can also be used as fuel for the previous procedure due to the higher CO content in the purified gas. The dust collected by the dust bin of the metal film filter bag dust collector 33 is zinc-containing dust, and the zinc-containing dust can be returned to the proportioning bin as raw material.
The device and the method for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust mud are further described below by combining specific examples;
examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for classifying and recovering the iron-zinc-containing dust mud in this embodiment is as follows:
(1) Preparing pellets from iron-zinc-containing dust mud
Various zinc-iron-containing dust and sludge, reducing agents (C-containing raw materials such as coal powder or coke powder and the like are adopted here) and binders are conveyed to a batching device 4 by a pneumatic conveying or closed tank truck, the batching device 4 comprises a dust receiving device, a storage bin, a feeding device and a metering facility, the batched materials are conveyed to a mixing device 5 for uniform mixing treatment, and the binders are generally blended during mixing. The mixing device 5 adopts a powerful mixer to realize full mixing within 1-2 min.
The evenly mixed materials enter a forming device 6, the forming device 6 can be divided into a pelletizing forming device 6 and a ball pressing forming device 6, the ball pressing forming device 6 is taken as an example, and the ball pressing forming device 6 comprises a ball pressing buffer bin, a disc feeder, a metering scale and a ball pressing machine; the mixed raw materials are fed into a ball pressing machine and pressed into balls. And conveying the formed green pellets to a roller screen for screening, conveying the unqualified pellets with the particle size smaller than 8mm back to a storage bin through a belt conveyor, and conveying the qualified green pellets to a green pellet dryer for drying.
The drying device 7 is divided into a chain grate dryer and a belt dryer, qualified green pellets after green pellets are screened enter the drying device 7 for drying treatment, and the moisture of the green pellets after drying is reduced from 14% to below 2%. The dry balls enter a roasting reduction device.
(2) Oxidative roasting and reduction of pellets
The main equipment of the roasting reduction device is a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1, wherein a vibration distributor is used for uniformly paving green pellets on the hearth of the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1; a combustion system for providing heat for reduction of the rotary hearth furnace 1; the furnace bottom machinery slowly rotates to enable the pellets on the furnace bed to sequentially pass through the oxidizing roasting cavity, the reducing cavity and the discharging area; and the discharging device adopts a water-cooling spiral discharging machine to discharge the high-temperature cooked balls in the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1. The multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1 adopts a partition wall extending downwards from the furnace top to physically divide the space in the furnace into a feeding cavity, an oxidizing roasting cavity, a reducing cavity and a discharging cavity; a reducing agent charging port is arranged above the inlet of the reducing cavity; temperature control of the multichamber rotary hearth furnace 1: the temperature of the oxidizing roasting cavity is 1050-1200 ℃; the temperature of the reduction cavity is 1200-1280 ℃; the temperature of the discharging area is 1100-1200 ℃.
The reducing materials (namely DRI pellets) discharged from the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace 1 can be discharged to a heat preservation charging tank for hot charging of a steelmaking electric furnace, and can be conveyed to ironmaking or steelmaking as iron-containing materials after being cooled by a fully-closed film type wall cooling cylinder.
(3) Classified recovery of oxidized and reduced fumes
The multicavity rotary hearth furnace 1 is provided with 2 sets of independent flue gas treatment systems: the flue gas of the oxidizing roasting cavity is sent to the oxidizing flue gas purifying and recovering unit 2 for treatment, and the flue gas of the reducing cavity is sent to the reducing flue gas purifying and recovering unit 3 for treatment.
The outlet temperature of the oxidizing roasting cavity flue gas is about 1050 ℃, the oxidizing flue gas is sent to the primary cooler 21 from a flue, a pneumatic diffusing valve is arranged on a preferable flue, and the oxidizing flue gas is used for diffusing the flue gas when the furnace pressure is abnormal or a flue gas system is in accident; the primary cooler 21 is provided with two or more air inlet valves, a thermocouple is arranged on an inlet flue and an outlet flue of the primary cooler 21 to detect the temperature of the flue gas, the opening of the air inlet valve is interlocked with the temperature of the flue gas outlet, and the upper limit of the temperature of the flue gas outlet of the primary cooler 21 is 500 ℃; preferably, a tubular heat exchanger is arranged in the primary cooler 21, the tubular heat exchanger is fixed in the primary cooler 21 by hanging beams, combustion air used by the rotary hearth furnace 1 is introduced into a heat exchange pipeline, a light pipe is selected for the heat exchanger to reduce sticking, the outlet temperature of the combustion air is less than or equal to 450 ℃, preferably, the introduced combustion air is preheated once, and the inlet temperature of the combustion air of the heat exchanger is about 200-250 ℃. The oxidized flue gas after primary cooling enters a secondary cooling dust remover 22 under the negative pressure provided by a centrifugal fan of the system, the secondary cooling dust remover 22 adopts a wet cyclone dust remover, under the action of the centrifugal fan of the system, the flue gas enters the wet dust remover from the bottom, so that dust-containing gas moves from bottom to top after passing through a water tank at the bottom, a high-pressure spray head sprays water mist from top to bottom, air flow and cooling water do relative movement, then the oxidized flue gas is guided and shunted through a cyclone plate in the cooler, and the flue gas is subjected to multistage cyclone dust removal and is discharged through a chimney after reaching standards; wet smoke dust collected by a water tank at the bottom of the secondary dust remover is conveyed to an oxidation smoke dust purifying device by a slag scraping facility. The oxidized fume purifying device is composed of a leaching device 23, a dewatering device 24 (such as a plate and frame filter), a purifying device 25, an evaporation salt making device 26 and the like. The water-containing dust and mud is conveyed to leaching equipment 23 for uniform mixing and leaching, and then dehydrated and filtered by a plate-frame filter, and the dehydrated leaching residue is recycled as the raw material of a roasting reduction working section; the filtrate enters a purifying device 25 for tempering and purifying treatment and dehydration and filtration, the purified filter residues are returned to be used as raw materials for recycling, and the purified filtrate is sent to an evaporation salt making device 26 for multi-effect evaporation treatment, so that potassium chloride and sodium chloride products are finally obtained.
The temperature of a flue gas outlet of the reduction chamber is about 1100 ℃, the flue gas outlet is positioned at the tail end of the reduction chamber, the reduction flue gas enters a splash condenser (such as a lead rain condenser) from a flue to be subjected to primary cooling, zinc steam in the reduction flue gas meets with raised lead rain, the zinc steam is condensed into liquid zinc which falls into a liquid pool, the lead zinc is separated after primary cooling, the liquid zinc flows out to ingot casting equipment 34 from a zinc outlet, and a zinc ingot product is obtained after casting; the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the splash condenser is about 400-450 ℃, the reduced flue gas after primary cooling enters a water cooling channel 32 for secondary cooling, and then the purified gas is obtained after dust removal by a metal film filter bag dust remover 33; the purified gas is pressurized by a gas fan and can be used for a green ball drying procedure; the dust collected in the dust bin of the metal film filter bag dust collector 33 is zinc-containing dust, and the zinc-containing dust can be returned to the proportioning bin to be used as raw material.
10000 tons of raw materials containing 5% of zinc and 0.6% of potassium and 0.3% of sodium are treated by the process, and the main crude zinc products and chlorine salt products are obtained as follows:
| product(s) | Crude zinc (90%) | Potassium chloride (95%) | Sodium chloride (90%) |
| Yield (t) | 422.23 | 80.03 | 67.83 |
According to the embodiment of the invention, the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace is adopted to separate oxidizing roasting from reducing, the oxidizing flue gas and the reducing flue gas are respectively treated by the oxidizing flue gas purifying and recovering unit and the reducing flue gas purifying and recovering unit, and the iron, zinc and salt products in the iron-zinc-containing dust mud are classified and collected from the source, so that impurity elements in corresponding products are reduced, and the value of the products is effectively improved.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for illustration only and not for limitation of the invention, and that variations and modifications of the above described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the invention as long as they fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The classifying and recycling device for the iron-zinc-containing dust mud is characterized by comprising a roasting reduction system and a flue gas recycling system;
the roasting reduction system is used for carrying out roasting reduction treatment on pellets prepared from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud; the roasting reduction system comprises a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace, wherein a plurality of partition walls extending downwards from the furnace top are arranged in the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace to divide the space in the furnace into a feeding cavity, an oxidizing roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharging cavity; an oxidation flue gas outlet is formed in the oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction flue gas outlet is formed in the reduction cavity, and a discharging device is arranged in the discharging cavity;
the flue gas recovery system comprises an oxidation flue gas purification recovery unit connected with the oxidation roasting cavity and a reduction flue gas purification recovery unit connected with the reduction cavity; the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling oxidized flue gas from the oxidizing roasting cavity to obtain a salt product; and the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit is used for recycling the reduction flue gas from the reduction cavity to obtain a zinc product.
2. The classified recovery device of the iron-zinc-containing dust sludge according to claim 1, wherein the reducing chamber is provided with a reducing agent charging port connected with the reducing agent charging passage.
3. The classification recycling device of the iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to claim 1, wherein the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit comprises a primary cooler connected with the oxidizing roasting cavity, a secondary cooling dust remover connected with the primary cooler, and an oxidized flue gas purifying device for purifying the water-containing dust and sludge collected by the secondary cooling dust remover.
4. A classification recycling device for iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to claim 3, wherein:
the oxidation flue gas purifying and recycling unit further comprises a flue gas emergency diffusing flue connected with the oxidation roasting cavity, and a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue; and/or
The primary cooler is provided with a flue inlet and a flue outlet, the flue inlet of the primary cooler is connected with the oxidizing roasting cavity through a first flue, the first flue is provided with more than two air inlet valves, the flue outlet of the primary cooler is connected with the secondary cooling dust remover through a second flue, and thermocouples for detecting the temperature of flue gas are arranged on the first flue and the second flue; the primary cooler cools the flue gas in an air heat exchange mode, and an air inlet regulating valve group which is interlocked with the temperature of a flue gas outlet is arranged on the primary cooler; and/or
The secondary cooling dust remover adopts a wet cyclone dust remover, the bottom of the wet cyclone dust remover is provided with a water tank connected with a flue gas outlet of the primary cooler, and a high-pressure spray head is arranged above the water tank; the top of the wet cyclone dust collector is provided with a cyclone plate for guiding and splitting; the water-containing dust and mud collected by the water tank of the wet cyclone dust collector is conveyed to the oxidized flue gas purifying device through a slag scraping facility; and/or
The oxidation flue gas purification device comprises leaching equipment, dehydration equipment, purification equipment and evaporation salt making equipment; the leaching equipment is used for uniformly mixing and leaching the water-containing dust and mud; the dehydration equipment carries out dehydration treatment on the water-containing dust and mud treated by the leaching equipment; the purification equipment carries out quenching and tempering purification treatment and dehydration filtration on the filtrate treated by the dehydration equipment; and the evaporation salt making equipment performs multi-effect evaporation treatment on the purified filtrate treated by the purification equipment to obtain potassium chloride and sodium chloride products.
5. The classified recovery device of the iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to claim 3, wherein the reduction flue gas purifying and recovering unit comprises a splash condenser connected with the reduction cavity, an ingot casting device connected with the splash condenser, and a metal film filter bag dust collector connected with a flue gas outlet at the top of the splash condenser.
6. The classification recycling device for the iron-zinc-containing dust sludge according to claim 5, wherein:
the reduction flue gas purifying and recycling unit further comprises a flue gas emergency diffusing flue connected with the reduction cavity, and a diffusing valve is arranged on the flue gas emergency diffusing flue; and/or
The splash condenser adopts a lead rain condenser, a liquid pool for collecting liquid zinc is arranged at the bottom of the lead rain condenser, a zinc discharge port is arranged on the lead rain condenser, and a flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the lead rain condenser; and/or
And the metal film filter bag dust collector is connected with a flue gas outlet of the splash condenser through a water cooling channel.
7. The apparatus for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to claim 1, wherein the feeding cavity of the multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace is connected with a raw material treatment system; the raw material processing system comprises a batching device, a mixing device, a forming device and a drying device which are sequentially connected.
8. A method for classifying and recovering iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge, characterized in that the following steps are carried out by adopting the classifying and recovering device for iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 7:
s1, pellets prepared from iron-zinc-containing dust mud enter a multi-cavity rotary hearth furnace of a roasting reduction system and sequentially pass through an oxidation roasting cavity, a reduction cavity and a discharge cavity, and the pellets are subjected to oxidation roasting and reduction to obtain DRI pellets;
s2, the oxidized flue gas generated by the oxidizing roasting enters an oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit to be recycled to obtain sodium salt and potassium salt;
s3, reducing smoke generated in the reduction process is brought into a reducing smoke purifying and recycling unit to be recycled to obtain zinc ingots and zinc-containing dust.
9. The method for classifying and recovering iron-zinc-containing dust according to claim 8, wherein in the step S1:
the raw materials for preparing the pellets from the iron-zinc-containing dust mud comprise the iron-zinc-containing dust mud, a reducing agent and a binder, wherein the reducing agent adopts coal dust or coke powder; and/or
The water content of the pellets prepared by the iron-zinc-containing dust mud is less than 2wt%; and/or
The oxidizing roasting temperature is controlled to 1050-1200 ℃, and the reducing temperature is controlled to 1250-1300 ℃; the temperature of the discharging cavity is 1000-1200 ℃; and/or
The reduction cavity adopts oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting air.
10. The method for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust sludge according to claim 8, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
the oxidized flue gas enters a primary cooler of the oxidized flue gas purifying and recycling unit, and air heat exchange is adopted for primary cooling;
the oxidized flue gas after primary cooling enters a secondary cooling dust remover, and the oxidized flue gas is subjected to secondary cooling dust removal to obtain water-containing dust and purified flue gas;
washing, leaching, dehydrating and filtering the water-containing dust and mud to obtain leaching residues and filtrate;
purifying, tempering, dehydrating and filtering the filtrate to obtain purified slag and purified filtrate; and obtaining sodium salt and potassium salt after multi-effect evaporation of the purified filtrate.
11. The method for classifying and recovering iron-zinc-containing dust according to claim 10, wherein in the step S2:
the temperature of the oxidized flue gas after primary cooling is less than or equal to 500 ℃; and/or
In the primary cooling process, heat exchange is carried out between combustion-supporting air and the oxidized flue gas; the temperature of the combustion air entering the primary cooler is 25-250 ℃, and the temperature of the combustion air exiting the primary cooler is less than or equal to 450 ℃; and/or
The leaching slag and the purified slag are used as raw materials for preparing pellets.
12. The method for classifying and recycling the iron-zinc-containing dust and sludge according to claim 8, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps:
the reduction flue gas enters the splash condenser, zinc in the reduction flue gas is condensed into liquid zinc after primary cooling, and the liquid zinc enters ingot casting equipment to obtain zinc ingots;
and the reduction flue gas after primary cooling enters a water cooling flue to be subjected to secondary cooling, and then the reduction flue gas after secondary cooling is subjected to dust removal by a metal film filter bag dust remover to obtain purified coal gas and zinc-containing dust.
13. The method for classifying and recovering iron-zinc-containing sludge according to claim 12, wherein in the step S3, the temperature of the primary-cooled reduction flue gas is 400 to 450 ℃.
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| CN202310660489.4A CN116904753A (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Classification recovery device and method for iron-zinc-containing dust mud |
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