CN111270077A

CN111270077A - System and method for treating dust collection ash of steel plant by chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace

Info

Publication number: CN111270077A
Application number: CN202010134322.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖喜才
Original assignee: Changsha Zhongsi Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Zhongsi Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2020-06-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-02
Also published as: CN111270077B

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for treating dust collection ash of a steel plant by a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, wherein the system comprises a washing dechlorination system, a pelletizing and granulating system, a zinc volatilization and extraction system and a flue gas treatment system; the zinc volatilization extraction system comprises a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, an oxidation chamber, a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine, a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector and a solid storage which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature electrostatic dust collector is connected with the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace through an exhaust fan, the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace comprises a furnace body and a cavity formed by wrapping the furnace body, and the cavity consists of an evaporation preheating part, a high-temperature reduction part and a cooling part. The chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is used as main cremation refining equipment, and the equipment is simple and unique in structure, convenient to operate and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

System and method for treating dust collection ash of steel plant by chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes in metallurgical industry, and particularly belongs to a system and a method for treating dust collecting ash in a steel plant by using a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace.

Background

The dust collected by the steel plant comprises blast furnace dust and converter dust generated by long-process enterprises and electric furnace dust generated by short-process enterprises, the waste production amount accounts for 3% -5% of the steel output, the electric furnace steel output in China in 2017 can reach 1.4 hundred million tons, and about 280 million tons of electric furnace dust are generated. The content of the dust-collecting ash iron is usually more than 35-55%, if the dust-collecting ash iron is directly returned to a blast furnace for utilization, zinc circulation and enrichment can be generated in the blast furnace, and the production of the blast furnace is damaged; the dust collection ash contains 5-30% of zinc, 1-4% of lead and about 4% of chlorine, and if the dust collection ash is buried and discarded in a traditional manner, the dust collection ash can pollute the environment and harm the health of human bodies. The dust collection ash of the steel plant is a secondary resource with high recovery value, but is also one of the most difficult industrial solid wastes to be disposed in the steel industry at present, in particular to electric furnace ash, according to the national hazardous waste record (2018), the electric furnace ash is classified into lead-containing waste management, and a dangerous waste code HW31 (312-) -31). If the metal iron and zinc in the dust can be separated and comprehensively utilized, the method has important economic value. Therefore, the recycling of the collected dust is carried out, so that not only can precious resources be fully utilized, but also the pollution to the environment can be reduced.

At present, the recovery of dust collected by steel plants mainly comprises a fire method and a wet method. The wet process has long process flow, low production efficiency, large wastewater discharge amount, easy generation of secondary pollution, high requirement on components, difficult achievement of most dust collection ash and high disposal cost. In the pyrogenic process, a rotary kiln high-temperature reduction volatilization process is mainly adopted, the recovery rate of valuable metals is low, and the production operation of the rotary kiln is seriously influenced because the iron content in dust is high and the liquid phase quantity in the kiln is large during calcination and is easy to agglomerate; meanwhile, the product quality is poor, the fuel consumption is high, and the energy utilization rate is low. In recent years, the fire method process adopts new processes and equipment such as a rotary hearth furnace or a microwave oven and the like, and has not been effectively popularized due to high equipment manufacturing cost, adoption of fuel gas or electric energy as energy and higher production cost.

The invention patent CN 106191453B discloses a method for recovering zinc concentrate and potassium chloride by using dust of a rotary hearth furnace, which comprises the steps of firstly soaking the dust of the rotary hearth furnace with water, then pulping and leaching, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the leached slurry, and washing and drying the obtained solid.

The invention patent CN 102899505A discloses a method and a device for recovering zinc by using a rotary kiln, wherein blast furnace ash, electric furnace ash, anthracite and gas mud are mixed and then are sent into the rotary kiln for high-temperature combustion, so that zinc forms gasified zinc, then the gasified zinc is cooled and simultaneously dust is removed, the gasified zinc is oxidized in the air after being cooled, and then the gasified zinc is sent into a dust collection chamber for recovery. The method has low zinc recovery efficiency, high iron content in blast furnace ash and electric furnace ash, large liquid phase amount in the kiln during calcination, easy agglomeration and serious influence on the production operation of the rotary kiln.

The two methods have the advantages of low production efficiency and high energy consumption cost, and the zinc in the collected dust is not effectively recovered, so that the secondary pollution is easily generated in the recovery process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for treating dust in a steel plant by a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, wherein the dust in the steel plant is ground, soaked and washed on the premise of meeting the requirements of environmental protection and safe production, then is pelletized and granulated, lead and zinc components in the dust are volatilized into flue gas through evaporation, dehydration, preheating and high-temperature reduction, the flue gas containing zinc oxide and lead oxide powder is obtained through oxidation, finally the zinc oxide and the lead oxide powder are recovered from the flue gas through the dust, iron powder is recovered from slag obtained through sintering through cooling, crushing and magnetic separation, and the residual slag is used as a building material raw material, so that the harmless and resource treatment of the dust in the steel plant is realized, the secondary pollution risk is completely eliminated, and the safe production is realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a system for treating dust collection dust of a steel plant by a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace comprises a washing dechlorination system, a pelletizing and granulating system, a zinc volatilization and extraction system and a flue gas treatment system; the washing dechlorination system, the pelletizing and granulating system and the zinc volatilization and extraction system are sequentially connected, the flue gas treatment system is connected with the zinc volatilization and extraction system, devices in the system are all sealing devices, and a suction machine is arranged for forming micro negative pressure; the zinc volatilization and extraction system comprises a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, an oxidation chamber, a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine, a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector and a solid storage which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature electrostatic dust collector is connected with the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace through an exhaust fan.

Further, the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace comprises a furnace body and a cavity formed by wrapping the furnace body, wherein the cavity consists of an evaporation preheating part, a high-temperature reduction part and a cooling part.

Furthermore, the evaporation preheating part and the cooling part are positioned on one side of the furnace body, the high-temperature reduction part is positioned on the other side of the furnace body, the evaporation preheating part is positioned above the cooling part, a flue gas chamber is arranged between the evaporation preheating part and the cooling part, and the evaporation preheating part, the high-temperature reduction part and the cooling part are respectively provided with a first chain plate machine, a second chain plate machine and a third chain plate machine.

Furthermore, the upper part of the evaporation preheating part is provided with a first feed inlet and a first flue gas outlet, and the lower part of the evaporation preheating part is provided with at least one first chain plate machine.

Furthermore, the evaporation preheating part is communicated with the high-temperature reduction part, and a second feeding hole is formed in the communication position of the evaporation preheating part and the high-temperature reduction part.

Furthermore, a second flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the high-temperature reduction part, at least one second chain plate machine is arranged at the middle part of the high-temperature reduction part, an ash collecting hopper is arranged at the lower part of the high-temperature reduction part, at least one first ash outlet is arranged at the lower part of the ash collecting hopper, and the first ash outlet is connected with the solid slag warehouse.

Furthermore, the high-temperature reduction part is communicated with the cooling part, and a third feeding port is arranged at the communication position of the high-temperature reduction part and the cooling part.

Furthermore, the high-temperature reduction part is provided with at least one fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzles are arranged on the furnace body above the second chain plate machine.

Furthermore, a sealing air chamber is arranged outside the second chain plate machine of the high-temperature reduction part, the sealing air chamber is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of high-pressure air inlets are formed in the side face of the sealing air chamber, and at least one exhaust hole is formed in the upper portion of the sealing air chamber.

Furthermore, an air outlet is formed in the upper portion of the cooling portion, at least one plenum chamber is formed in the lower portion of the cooling portion, at least one third chain plate machine is arranged in the middle of the cooling portion, and a material discharging opening is formed in the material falling position of the third chain plate machine.

Furthermore, a second ash outlet is formed in the bottom of each plenum chamber, an air inlet is formed in the side wall of each plenum chamber, and partition walls are arranged among the different plenum chambers.

Further, the second ash outlet is connected with a solid slag warehouse.

Further, the distance between the first chain trigger, the second chain trigger and the third chain trigger and the top surface of the furnace body is 0.3-1 time of the width of the chain trigger.

Further, when the number of the first plate chain machine, the second plate chain machine and the third plate chain machine is 2 or more than 2, the distance between the first plate chain machine and the first plate chain machine, between the second plate chain machine and the second plate chain machine or between the third plate chain machine and the third plate chain machine is 0.3-1 times of the width of the plate chain machine.

Furthermore, a fireproof material layer is adhered to the first chain plate machine, the second chain plate machine and the third chain plate machine operating chain plate.

Furthermore, the length of the furnace body is less than or equal to 30m, the width is less than or equal to 5m,

furthermore, the flue gas chamber is in an inverted trumpet shape, an opening at the lower part is connected with the cooling part, and a hot flue gas inlet is arranged at the middle part.

Furthermore, the casing of the furnace body comprises a steel casing body, a heat insulation material layer covering the casing body and a refractory brick layer covering the heat insulation material layer, wherein the heat insulation material layer and the refractory brick layer are fixed on the casing through palladium nails.

Further, the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is provided with a maintenance platform, a pressure monitor mounting hole and a temperature monitor mounting hole, the maintenance platform comprises a stair and a maintenance door, and the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is fixed on a building through a support.

Furthermore, the brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine comprises a high-temperature flue gas chamber, a brine evaporation chamber and a flue gas sedimentation chamber from top to bottom, wherein the brine evaporation chamber comprises two groups of high-temperature flue gas pipelines and a brine bin, the high-temperature flue gas pipelines are positioned in the brine bin, the upper part of the high-temperature flue gas chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet, a steam outlet and a flue gas inlet, and the flue gas outlet is connected with an exhaust fan; the upper part of the side wall of the brine bin is provided with a brine inlet, the bottom of the side wall of the brine bin is provided with a concentrated brine outlet, the concentrated brine outlet is connected with the brine tank, and the flue gas settling chamber comprises a settling separation chamber, an ash collecting hopper and an ash outlet from top to bottom.

Further, every group quantity of high temperature flue gas pipeline is 9 at least, and pipeline thickness is 6 ~ 12mm, and the pipeline diameter is 20 ~ 1000cm, high temperature flue gas pipeline still is equipped with compressed air for preventing the pipeline deposition and blows stifled mechanism.

Further, the bottom surface of the brine bin is provided with an inclined surface inclined towards the direction of the concentrated brine outlet, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is not less than 1 degree.

Further, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is connected with the high-temperature flue gas chamber and the flue gas settling chamber through flanges; the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is connected with the salt water bin through a sleeve, the diameter of the sleeve is 10-20 mm larger than that of the flue gas pipe, and the height of the sleeve is 10-20 cm.

Further, high temperature flue gas room, flue gas deposit room, vapor outlet, salt water import, concentrated salt solution export are equipped with temperature monitor, pressure monitor and flow monitor, the material level monitor about being equipped with in the salt water storehouse, temperature monitor, pressure monitor, flow monitor and material level monitor about with link to each other with the computer control system of peripheral hardware respectively.

Furthermore, the washing and dechlorinating system comprises a discharging room, a plate-type feeding machine, a raw material storage warehouse, a belt weigher, a belt conveyor, a first iron remover, a wet ball mill, a slurry tank, a second iron remover, a solid-liquid separation device and a filter cake storage bin which are sequentially connected; and the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the wet ball mill.

Further, the raw materials repository is airtight silo, and the top is equipped with the feed inlet, and the bottom is equipped with the discharge gate, the quantity of raw materials repository is 2 at least.

Further, the plate-type feeding machine is connected with a feed inlet of a raw material storage warehouse through a lifting machine.

Further, the wet ball mill is a steel ball mill or a steel rod mill.

Further, the solid-liquid separation device is one or a combination of a plate-and-frame filter press, a belt filter press, a thickener or a spiral filter.

Furthermore, the pelletizing and granulating system comprises an auxiliary agent bin, a reducing agent bin, a belt weigher, a belt conveyor, a homogenizing mixer and a pelletizer which are connected in sequence.

Furthermore, the auxiliary agent bin and the reducing agent bin are closed cylindrical bins, and the auxiliary agent bin, the reducing agent bin and a discharge port at the bottom of the filter cake storage bin are respectively connected with the belt scale.

Further, the homogenizing mixer is one or a combination of a double-shaft mixer, a wheel grinding machine and a concrete mixer.

Further, the granulator is one or the combination of a balling disc and a double-roller extrusion granulator.

Further, the balling particle size of the balling machine is 5-15 mm.

Further, the flue gas treatment system comprises a cloth bag dust collector, an exhaust fan and a flue gas desulfurization chlorine system which are sequentially connected, wherein the flue gas desulfurization chlorine system comprises a medicament blending tank, a medicament delivery pump and a sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected; the bag dust collector is a dewing high-temperature-resistant bag dust collector.

The invention aims to provide a method for treating dust collected in an iron and steel plant by using a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, which comprises the following steps:

s1, washing and dechlorinating: grinding and washing the dust-collecting ash into fine powder slurry with the particle size of less than 80um, and filtering to obtain a filter cake and filtrate;

s2, pelletizing and granulating: mixing the filter cake obtained in the step S1, a reducing agent and an auxiliary agent together to prepare a material ball with the particle size of 5-15 mm;

s3, volatilizing and extracting zinc: feeding the pellets prepared in the step S2 into a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace for high-temperature calcination to obtain solid slag and lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas;

s4, flue gas treatment: oxidizing the lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas obtained in the step S3 to obtain high-temperature flue gas containing zinc oxide and lead oxide solids, performing salt water evaporation and flue gas settling machine cooling and dust removal treatment to obtain lead-zinc dust and high-temperature flue gas, and performing desulfurization and chlorine purification treatment on the high-temperature flue gas to obtain a drying heat source of an evaporation preheating part of the chain-plate high-temperature reduction furnace; the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature reduction part of the high-temperature chain plate machine is discharged after being subjected to dust removal and desulfurization chlorine treatment, and the recovered dust is pelletized and granulated to prepare material balls and then is fed into the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace again.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

wet grinding and soaking dust collected by a steel plant into fine powder with the particle size of less than 80um after washing, feeding soluble chloride in a dechlorinated solution into the solution, homogenizing and stirring a filter cake, a reducing agent and an auxiliary agent together to form balls for granulation, feeding the material balls into a chain plate type high-temperature reducing furnace, feeding the balls into an evaporation preheating part to form wet balls, and evaporating water under the action of high-temperature smoke. Because the coal is wet and does not leak ash, the evaporation preheating part is not provided with an ash collecting device, the coal in the pellets entering the high-temperature reduction part starts to burn at a high temperature of about 400 ℃, because the device adopts an anoxic burning mode, in order to ensure the burning in the furnace and the reducing atmosphere, the fuel of the high-temperature reduction part adopts high-temperature circulating flue gas and air to mix and support combustion so as to ensure that the oxygen content is less than 15 percent and the carbon dioxide content is high, the anoxic burning can be ensured, carbon monoxide is generated after the coal is burnt, no oxygen exists in the high-temperature reduction part, the coal content in the material pellets of the reduction part is large, under the high-temperature condition (the temperature in the furnace is more than 950 ℃), part of carbon contacts with the material to generate carbon thermal reduction, part of the material contacts with the carbon monoxide in the gas to generate gas-solid reaction, oxides such as zinc, lead and the like are reduced into metal, thereby entering the flue gas and being discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the high-temperature reduction part to separate from the solid. Adding air into the separated lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas, oxidizing the lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas into zinc oxide and lead oxide solids, completely burning carbon monoxide in the air, discharging solid powder from the lower part of the oxidation chamber, discharging the high-temperature flue gas from a flue gas outlet of the oxidation chamber, then feeding the high-temperature flue gas into a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine, absorbing heat by evaporating brine to cool the flue gas, and further processing the concentrated brine. High-temperature flue gas from a flue gas outlet of the brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine enters a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector for purification, is discharged through a high-temperature exhaust fan and then is sent into a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace for evaporating evaporated material pellets in a preheating part.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention designs a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace as main cremation refining equipment aiming at the characteristics of dust in steel plants, adopts a carbothermic reduction method, has the advantages of close contact between a reducing agent and materials, high reaction speed, high reduction efficiency, complete combustion, high extraction rate of lead and zinc in the dust and less residue in furnace slag. The reduction reaction is mainly a solid-state reaction, and the amount of required flue gas is small, so that the concentration of lead and zinc in the flue gas discharged by the equipment is high, the purity of a lead and zinc recovery product is improved, and the hidden trouble that the equipment is safely operated due to caking in a kiln by the traditional combustion method is solved.

(2) The invention carries out harmless and resource treatment on the dust collected by the steel plant by a scientific and systematic method, all the dust is operated in a closed device and a negative pressure environment in the treatment process, and the dust is treated by adopting a high-efficiency dust removing device without dust pollution. A small amount of strong-corrosive acid gases such as sulfur, chlorine and the like possibly generated in the invention can be completely absorbed and solidified through strong alkali, and cannot be discharged outwards.

(3) In the invention, flue gas subjected to brine evaporation and temperature reduction by a flue gas settler is sent into a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace after dust collection treatment for evaporating evaporated material pellets at a preheating part; carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation after settling treatment on liquid generated by the primary solid-liquid separation, sending the generated liquid into a wet ball mill to be used as grinding water, and transporting solid slag obtained after combustion in a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace to a cement plant to be used as an iron correction raw material or returning the solid slag to a steel plant to be used as an iron making raw material; the waste water, waste gas and waste residue in the disposal process can be recycled and effectively utilized, no secondary discharge is generated, and the possibility of secondary pollution is thoroughly eliminated. The dust-collecting ash of the steel plant is fully utilized to produce the zinc oxide and the iron powder with high added values, thereby ensuring that the steel resource is not wasted and creating obvious social and economic benefits.

(4) The high-temperature flue gas containing zinc and lead generated in the invention passes through a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation system, and then the dust is separated by using a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for treating dust collecting dust of an iron and steel plant by a chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between a washing dechlorination system and a pelletizing and granulating system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the high-temperature reduction part;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a housing configuration;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a brine evaporation chamber and a flue gas settling chamber;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the brine evaporation chamber and the flue gas settling chamber;

the above reference numerals:

101. a discharging room; 102. a plate feeder; 103. a raw material repository; 104. a belt weigher; 105. a belt conveyor; 106. a first de-ironing separator; 107. a wet ball mill; 108. a slurry tank; 109. a second iron remover; 110. a belt filter press; 111. a filtrate treatment tank; 112. a stirring tank; 113. a thickener; 114. a plate-and-frame filter press; 115. a filter cake storage bin;

201. an auxiliary agent bin; 202. a reductant bin; 203. a belt weigher; 204. a belt conveyor; 205. homogenizing and stirring; 206. a ball forming machine;

301. a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace; 302. an oxidation chamber; 303. a brine evaporation and flue gas settling machine; 304. a high temperature electrostatic precipitator; 305. a solid reservoir; 306. an exhaust fan; 307. a slag store;

3011. an evaporation preheating section; 3012. a high-temperature reduction part; 3013. a cooling section; 3014. a flue gas chamber; 30141. a hot flue gas inlet;

30111. a first feed port; 30112. a first flue gas outlet; 30113. a first chain trigger; 30114. a second feed port;

30121. a second flue gas outlet; 30122. a second chain trigger; 30123. a dust collecting hopper; 30124. a first ash outlet; 30125. a third feed inlet; 30126. a fuel nozzle; 30127. sealing the air chamber;

301271, high pressure air inlet holes; 301272, exhaust holes;

30131. an air outlet; 30132. a plenum chamber; 30133. a third chain trigger; 30134. a discharge port;

301321, a second ash outlet; 301322, an air inlet; 301323, partition walls;

3015. a housing body; 3016. a thermal insulation material layer; 3017. a refractory brick layer; 3018. palladium nails;

3031. a high temperature flue gas chamber; 3032. a brine evaporation chamber; 3033. a flue gas settling chamber;

30311. a flue gas outlet; 30312. a water vapor outlet; 30313. a flue gas inlet;

30321. a high temperature flue gas duct; 30322. a brine bin;

303221, a brine inlet; 303222, a concentrated brine outlet;

30331. a settling separation chamber; 30332. a dust collecting hopper; 30333. an ash outlet;

401. a bag dust collector; 402. a flue gas desulfurization chlorine system; 4021. a medicament blending tank.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a system for disposing dust collecting ash of an iron and steel plant by using a chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace, which includes a washing dechlorination system, a pelletizing and granulating system, a zinc volatilization and extraction system, and a flue gas treatment system; wherein the washing dechlorination system, the pelletizing and granulating system and the zinc volatilization and extraction system are sequentially connected, the flue gas treatment system is connected with the zinc volatilization and extraction system, the devices in the system all adopt sealing devices, and a suction machine is arranged for forming micro negative pressure.

The washing and dechlorinating system comprises a discharging room 101, a plate type feeding machine 102, a raw material storage warehouse 103, a belt metering scale 104, a belt conveyer 105, a first iron remover 106, a wet ball mill 107, a slurry tank 108, a second iron remover 109, a belt filter press 110, a filtrate treatment tank 111, a stirring tank 112, a thickener 113, a plate and frame filter press 114 and a filter cake storage bin 115. The raw material storage 103 is a closed cylindrical bin, 3 raw material storage bins are arranged, the closed cylindrical bin can respectively store blast furnace ash, electric furnace ash and converter ash, the top of the raw material storage bin 103 is provided with a feeding hole, and the bottom of the raw material storage bin is provided with a discharging hole; the wet ball mill 107 is a steel ball mill or a steel rod mill.

The pelletizing and granulating system comprises an auxiliary agent bin 201, a reducing agent bin 202, a belt weigher 203, a belt conveyer 204, a homogenizing stirrer 205 and a pelletizer 206 which are sequentially connected, wherein the auxiliary agent bin 201 and the reducing agent bin 202 are closed cylindrical bins, the auxiliary agent bin 201, the reducing agent bin 202 and a filter cake storage bin 115 are connected with a belt weigher 203 at the bottom discharge port, and the belt weigher 203 is connected with the belt conveyer 204.

Preferably, the homogenizing mixer 205 is one of a double-shaft mixer, a wheel mill and a concrete mixer, the granulator 206 is one of a balling disk and a double-roller type extrusion balling machine, and the particle size of the material balls is 5-15 mm.

The zinc volatilization and extraction system comprises a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace 301, an oxidation chamber 302, a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine 303, a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector 304 and a solid storage 305 which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature electrostatic dust collector 304 is connected with the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace 301 through an exhaust fan 306.

The chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace 301 comprises a furnace body and a cavity formed by wrapping the furnace body, wherein the cavity consists of an evaporation preheating part 3011, a high-temperature reduction part 3012 and a cooling part 3013. The evaporation preheating part 3011 and the cooling part 3013 are set on one side of the furnace body, the high-temperature reduction part 3012 is set on the other side of the furnace body, the evaporation preheating part 3011 is above the cooling part 3013, a smoke chamber 3014 is set between the evaporation preheating part 3011 and the cooling part 3013, the evaporation preheating part 3011, the high-temperature reduction part 3012 and the cooling part 3013 are set with chain plate machine, the middle part of the smoke chamber 3014 is set with a hot smoke inlet 30141.

The upper part of the evaporation preheating part 3011 is provided with a first feed port 30111 and a first flue gas outlet 30112, the lower part is provided with a first chain plate machine 30113, and the joint of the evaporation preheating part 3011 and the high-temperature reduction part 3012 is provided with a second feed port 30114.

The high-temperature reduction part 3012 is a rectangular structure, the upper part of the high-temperature reduction part 3012 is provided with a second flue gas outlet 30121, the middle part of the high-temperature reduction part 30122 is provided with a second chain plate machine 30122, the lower part of the high-temperature reduction part is provided with an ash collecting hopper 30123, the lower part of the ash collecting hopper 30123 is provided with a first ash outlet 30124, the number of the first ash outlets 30124 is at least one, in the embodiment, the number of the first ash outlets is 4, and a third feed inlet 30125 is arranged at the connection part of the high-.

Preferably, the high-temperature reduction part 3012 is provided with at least one fuel nozzle 30126, and the fuel nozzle 30126 is installed at the furnace body above the second chain plate machine 30122.

Preferably, the high temperature reduction part 3012 is provided with a sealed air chamber 30127 outside the second link plate 30122, the sealed air chamber 30127 is of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the sealed air chamber 30127 is arranged from the head pulley to the tail pulley of the second link plate 30122, the side surface of the sealed air chamber 30127 is provided with a plurality of high pressure air inlet holes 301271, the upper part of the sealed air chamber 30127 is provided with at least one air outlet hole 301272, and the sealed air chamber 30127 is arranged to cool the chain of the second link plate 30122 and prevent the second link plate bearing from deforming due to high temperature.

Cooling portion 3013 is that upper portion is equipped with air outlet 30131, the lower part is equipped with plenum chamber 30132, the middle part is equipped with third chain trigger 30133, third chain trigger 30133 material drop department is equipped with discharge gate 30134, plenum chamber 30132 bottom is equipped with second ash hole 301321, be equipped with air intake 301322 on the lateral wall, at least one of plenum chamber 30132 quantity, be equipped with partition 301323 between the different plenum chambers 30132, as preferred embodiment, the quantity of plenum chamber in this embodiment is 3, each plenum chamber lower part is equipped with at least one ash hole, first ash hole 30124 and second ash hole 301321 link to each other with slag storehouse 307.

Preferably, the evaporation preheating part 3011, the high-temperature reduction part 3012 and the cooling part 3013 are arranged such that the distance between the first, second and third chain plate machines and the top surface of the furnace body is 0.3 to 1 times the width of the chain plate machine, when the number of the first, second and third chain plate machines is 2 or more than 2, the distance between the first, second or third chain plate machine is 0.3 to 1 times the width of the chain plate machine, the refractory material layer is arranged on the first, second and third chain plate machines, and the running speed of the chain plate machine is 0.01 to 0.5 m/min. .

The chain plate machine is a known technology and comprises chain plates, a transmission device, a power device and a tensioning device, wherein the material is transported by mainly providing traction force through the circulating reciprocating motion of a chain, and the metal plate is used as a supporting body in the transportation process to guide the material to be transported along the horizontal direction or the inclined direction.

Preferably, the length of the furnace body is less than or equal to 30m, and the width is less than or equal to 5 m.

The casing of the end of the flue gas chamber close to the high-temperature reduction part, the casing at the top of the cooling part and the casing of the end of the high-temperature reduction part close to the flue gas chamber enclose a triangular space, and the tail end of a second chain plate of the high-temperature reduction part is exposed in the triangular space, so that the installation of a tensioning device of the second chain plate machine and the daily maintenance are facilitated.

The casing of the furnace body comprises a steel casing body 3015, a heat insulation material layer 3016 covering the casing body and a refractory brick layer 3017 covering the heat insulation material layer, wherein palladium nails 3018 are arranged between the heat insulation material layer and the refractory brick layer.

Preferably, the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is provided with a maintenance platform, a pressure monitor mounting hole and a temperature monitor mounting hole, the maintenance platform comprises a stair and a maintenance door, and the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is fixed on a building through a support.

As shown in fig. 6-7, the brine evaporation and flue gas settling machine 303 includes, from top to bottom, a high temperature flue gas chamber 3031, a brine evaporation chamber 3032 and a flue gas settling chamber 3033, the brine evaporation chamber 3032 includes two groups of high temperature flue gas pipes 30321 and a brine bin 30322, the high temperature flue gas pipes 30321 are located in the brine bin 30322, the upper part of the high temperature flue gas chamber 3031 is provided with a flue gas outlet 30311, a water vapor outlet 30312 and a flue gas inlet 30313, and the flue gas outlet 30311 is connected to the exhaust fan; the upper part of the side wall of the brine bin 30322 is provided with a brine inlet 303221, the bottom of the brine bin 30322 is provided with a concentrated brine outlet 303222, and the bottom surface of the brine bin 30322 is provided with an inclined plane inclined towards the direction of the concentrated brine outlet 303222, and the inclination angle is not less than 1 degree. The flue gas settling chamber 3033 comprises a settling separation chamber 30331, an ash collecting hopper 30332 and an ash outlet 30333 from top to bottom.

Wherein the number of each group of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 30321 is at least 9, the thickness of the pipeline is 6-12 mm, the diameter of the pipeline is 20-1000 cm, and the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 303211 is also provided with a compressed air blowing and blocking mechanism for preventing dust deposition of the pipeline.

The high-temperature flue gas pipeline 30321 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas chamber 3031 and the flue gas settling chamber 3033 through flanges; the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 30321 is connected with the salt water bin 30322 through a sleeve, the diameter of the sleeve is 10-20 mm larger than that of the flue gas pipe, the height of the sleeve is 10-20 cm, a refractory material layer is arranged in a connecting part of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 30321 and the high-temperature inlet and outlet flue gas chamber, the thickness of the refractory material layer is 5-10 cm, and a heat insulation material layer and a refractory material layer are arranged in the high-temperature flue gas chamber and the flue gas settling chamber in a conventional mode.

The high-temperature flue gas chamber 3031, the flue gas settling chamber 3033, the steam outlet 30312, the brine inlet 303221 and the concentrated brine outlet 303222 are provided with a temperature monitor, a pressure monitor and a flow monitor, the brine bin is internally provided with an upper and lower material level monitor, and the temperature monitor, the pressure monitor, the flow monitor and the upper and lower material level monitor are respectively connected with a peripheral computer control system.

As shown in fig. 1, the flue gas treatment system includes a bag dust collector 401, an exhaust fan and a flue gas desulfurization chlorine system 402 which are connected in sequence, wherein the flue gas desulfurization chlorine system 402 includes a medicament blending tank 4021, a medicament delivery pump and a settling tank which are connected in sequence.

The embodiment also provides a method for disposing dust collection ash of an iron and steel plant by using the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

The working process of the system is as follows:

the dust collection ash is conveyed to a feeding pit of a discharging room through a special conveying vehicle, conveyed to a lifting machine through a plate type feeding machine, conveyed to a raw material storage warehouse for storage through the action of the lifting machine, and provided with more than 2 raw material storage warehouses through different sources of the dust collection ash. Weighing the materials by a belt weigher, removing iron in the raw materials by a first iron remover, conveying the materials into a wet ball mill by a belt conveyor, adding clear water accounting for 1-2 times of the materials, grinding, stirring, grinding and washing the materials, and grinding the blocky materials in the materials into fine powder smaller than 80 um. And the slurry obtained after grinding automatically flows into a slurry tank for storage, the slurry in the slurry tank is continuously removed by a slurry pump through a second iron remover to obtain levigated naked magnetic iron, and the iron materials and the iron selected by the first iron remover are returned to an iron and steel plant as steelmaking raw materials. Feeding the slurry subjected to iron removal into a belt type filter press, filtering to obtain a mud cake and a filtrate, carrying out sedimentation treatment on the filtrate in a filtrate treatment tank, feeding the filtrate into a thickener for secondary filtration, feeding the mud cake into a stirring tank, adding clear water, stirring, uniformly stirring, filtering by the thickener and a plate and frame filter press, and filtering in the plate and frame filter press to obtain a filter cake and a filtrate, wherein the water content in the filter cake is 20-30%, the filter cake is fed into a filter cake storage bin, the filtrate is returned to the thickener for reuse, and soluble chloride in the material enters the filtrate and is stored in a filtrate treatment tank.

The filter cake storage bin is weighed by a belt scale at a discharge port at the bottom of the bin, coke powder or anthracite with fixed carbon more than 78% and granularity less than 5mm is arranged in the reducing agent bin, one or a mixture of lime, limestone, carbide slag, steel slag powder, sugar slag, starch, chaff and the like is/are arranged in the auxiliary agent bin, and after the filter cake storage bin and the auxiliary agent bin are weighed by the belt scale at the discharge ports at the bottom of the reducing agent bin and the auxiliary agent bin, the filter cake storage bin and the auxiliary agent bin are conveyed into a homogenizing mixer together by a belt conveyor to be mixed, and are conveyed into a granulator to be prepared into pellets with the grain diameter of 5.

The method comprises the steps of feeding pellets from a first feed inlet of an evaporation preheating part of a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, evaporating moisture in the pellets under the heating of hot flue gas in a lower flue gas chamber under the movement of a first chain plate machine, discharging gas from a flue gas outlet at the top of the evaporation preheating part, moving the dehydrated carbon-containing pellets to the tail end of the first chain plate machine, and then feeding the dehydrated carbon-containing pellets into a high-temperature reduction part through a second discharge outlet.

The temperature of the pellets entering the high-temperature reduction part is further increased under the movement of the second chain plate machine, in order to ensure the temperature of the high-temperature reduction part, fuel is sprayed in through a fuel nozzle to be combusted in the furnace to generate heat, the amount of coal contained in the pellets is large, under the high-temperature condition (the temperature in the furnace is 950 ℃), a part of materials are contacted with carbon to generate carbothermic reduction, a part of materials are contacted with carbon monoxide in gas to generate gas-solid reaction, oxides such as zinc, lead and the like are reduced into metal, and because the boiling point of metal zinc and lead is low and is gas at the temperature of more than 600 ℃, the materials enter the flue gas and are discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the high-temperature reduction part to enter an oxidation chamber. And the solid slag obtained after combustion enters the cooling part from the third feeding port under the driving of the second chain plate machine, and the fine slag generated by combustion leaks from the gap of the chain plate machine, enters the ash hopper and is discharged through the first ash outlet.

The slag entering the cooling part is cooled under the action of high-pressure cold air entering a bottom plenum chamber under the movement of a third chain plate machine, at the moment, a small amount of unburned carbon remained in the slag is further burnt clean in the air, iron and iron oxide are oxidized into ferric oxide, high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a flue gas chamber from an air outlet at the top of the cooling chamber and serves as an evaporation heat source for preheating an evaporation part, cooled solid slag is driven by the third chain plate machine to be discharged from a discharge port, wherein fine slag leaks from a gap of the chain plate machine, enters the plenum chamber and is discharged through a second ash outlet, the solid slag discharged from a first ash outlet, a second ash outlet and a discharge port of the cooling part is conveyed to a solid slag warehouse for storage, and the solid slag is conveyed to a cement plant to serve as an iron correction raw material or is returned to a steel plant to serve as an iron making raw material.

The temperature of the lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas discharged from the high-temperature reduction part is higher than 700 ℃, the lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas enters the oxidation chamber and is oxidized into zinc oxide and lead oxide solids after being added with air, carbon monoxide in the high-temperature flue gas is completely combusted, the generated solids are settled and separated from the flue gas and then discharged from the bottom of the oxidation chamber and sent into a solid storehouse for storage, and the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas enters a brine evaporation and flue gas settling machine through a flue gas outlet of the oxidation chamber.

High-temperature dust-containing flue gas (about 1000 ℃) enters a high-temperature flue gas pipeline from a flue gas inlet of a high-temperature flue gas chamber, at the moment, industrial brine obtained by separation in a filtrate treatment pool enters a brine bin through a brine inlet, water is evaporated by heating of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline, and evaporated steam is collected for later use. The cooled dust-containing flue gas enters a bottom flue gas settling chamber, solid-gas separation is generated due to the reduction of the air flow speed, and the solid falls into a bottom ash collecting hopper due to the sedimentation of the gravity, is discharged through an ash outlet and is conveyed into a solid storehouse for storage. The separated flue gas passes through another group of high-temperature flue gas pipelines, is discharged from a flue gas outlet of a high-temperature flue gas chamber at the top of the other group of high-temperature flue gas pipelines after being cooled by saline water, enters a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector for dust removal, and is sent into the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace through an exhaust fan to provide heat for the evaporation preheating part.

The brine after evaporation concentration in the brine bin is discharged from a concentrated brine outlet and then sent into a brine pool for storage.

And (3) purifying the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the evaporation preheating part of the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace by using a cloth bag dust collector, wherein the cloth bag dust collector adopts a dewing-resistant high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, the temperature of the purified flue gas is lower than 100 ℃, and the purified flue gas is sent to a flue gas desulfurization chlorine system, wherein the flue gas desulfurization chlorine method is to wash desulfurization chlorine and lime sedimentation by using strong alkali. And (3) conveying the prepared strong alkali solution in the reagent preparation tank into a settling tank of the settling tank by using a reagent conveying pump, wherein the solid obtained after the reaction is finished is desulfurized gypsum and can be used as a raw material of a cement plant, and the upper-layer liquid is chlorine-containing saline and is conveyed into a filtrate treatment tank to be continuously recycled as saline.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

wet grinding dust collected from steel and iron works to obtain fine powder with particle size less than 80um, washing soluble chlorine salt in dechlorinated solution, adding into the solution, homogenizing and stirring filter cake, reducing agent and assistant, pelletizing, feeding into chain-plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, evaporating the pellets in the evaporation preheating part to obtain wet product, and evaporating water under the action of high-temperature flue gas. Because the coal is wet and does not leak ash, the evaporation preheating part is not provided with an ash collecting device, the coal in the pellets entering the high-temperature reduction part starts to burn at a high temperature of about 400 ℃, because the device adopts an anoxic burning mode, in order to ensure the burning in the furnace and the reducing atmosphere, the fuel of the high-temperature reduction part adopts high-temperature circulating flue gas and air to mix and support combustion so as to ensure that the oxygen content is less than 15 percent and the carbon dioxide content is high, the anoxic burning can be ensured, carbon monoxide is generated after the coal is burnt, no oxygen exists in the high-temperature reduction part, the coal content in the material pellets of the reduction part is large, under the high-temperature condition (the temperature in the furnace is more than 950 ℃), part of carbon contacts with the material to generate carbon thermal reduction, part of the material contacts with the carbon monoxide in the gas to generate gas-solid reaction, oxides such as zinc, lead and the like are reduced into metal, thereby entering the flue gas and being discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the high-temperature reduction part to separate from the solid. After being added with air, the threshed lead-zinc-containing high-temperature flue gas is oxidized into zinc oxide and lead oxide solids, carbon monoxide is also completely combusted in the air and discharged from the lower part of the oxidation chamber, the high-temperature flue gas enters a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine after coming out from a flue gas outlet of the oxidation chamber, the evaporated brine absorbs heat to cool the flue gas, and the concentrated brine is further treated. High-temperature flue gas from a flue gas outlet of the brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine enters a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector for purification, is discharged through a high-temperature exhaust fan and then is sent into a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace for evaporating evaporated material pellets in a preheating part.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The system for treating dust collection ash of the steel plant by the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is characterized by comprising a washing dechlorination system, a pelletizing and granulating system, a zinc volatilization and extraction system and a flue gas treatment system; the washing dechlorination system, the pelletizing and granulating system and the zinc volatilization and extraction system are sequentially connected, the flue gas treatment system is connected with the zinc volatilization and extraction system, devices in the system are all sealing devices, and a suction machine is arranged for forming micro negative pressure;

the zinc volatilization and extraction system comprises a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace, an oxidation chamber, a brine evaporation and flue gas sedimentation machine, a high-temperature electrostatic dust collector and a solid storage which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature electrostatic dust collector is connected with the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace through an exhaust fan.

2. The system for treating dust collecting ash in a steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace comprises a furnace body and a cavity formed by wrapping the furnace body, and the cavity consists of an evaporation preheating part, a high temperature reduction part and a cooling part;

the device comprises an evaporation preheating part, a high-temperature reduction part, a cooling part, a first chain plate machine, a second chain plate machine and a third chain plate machine, wherein the evaporation preheating part and the cooling part are positioned on one side of a furnace body, the high-temperature reduction part is positioned on the other side of the furnace body, the evaporation preheating part is positioned above the cooling part, a smoke gas chamber is arranged between the evaporation preheating part and the cooling part, and the evaporation preheating part, the high-temperature reduction part and the cooling part are respectively provided.

3. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein a first feed port and a first flue gas outlet are formed in the upper part of the evaporation preheating part, and at least one first chain plate machine is arranged in the lower part of the evaporation preheating part; the evaporation preheating part is communicated with the high-temperature reduction part, and a second feeding hole is formed in the communication position of the evaporation preheating part and the high-temperature reduction part.

4. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein a second flue gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the high temperature reduction part, at least one second chain plate machine is arranged in the middle of the high temperature reduction part, an ash collecting hopper is arranged in the lower part of the high temperature reduction part, at least one first ash outlet is formed in the lower part of the ash collecting hopper, and the first ash outlet is connected with a solid slag warehouse;

the high-temperature reduction part is communicated with the cooling part, and a third feeding port is arranged at the communication position of the high-temperature reduction part and the cooling part;

the high-temperature reduction part is provided with at least one fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzles are arranged at the furnace body above the second chain plate machine;

and a sealing air chamber is arranged outside the second chain plate machine of the high-temperature reduction part, the sealing air chamber is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of high-pressure air inlets are formed in the side surface of the sealing air chamber, and at least one exhaust hole is formed in the upper part of the sealing air chamber.

5. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein an air outlet is formed in the upper part of the cooling part, at least one plenum chamber is formed in the lower part of the cooling part, at least one third chain plate machine is arranged in the middle of the cooling part, and a material outlet is formed in the material falling part of the third chain plate machine;

a second ash outlet is arranged at the bottom of each plenum chamber, and an air inlet is arranged on the side wall of each plenum chamber; and partition walls are arranged between different plenum chambers, and the second ash outlet is connected with the solid slag warehouse.

6. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the first chain plate machine, the second chain plate machine and the third chain plate machine and the top surface of the furnace body is 0.3-1 time of the width of the chain plate machine;

when the number of the first chain trigger, the second chain trigger and the third chain trigger is respectively 2 or more than 2, the distance between the first chain trigger and the first chain trigger, between the second chain trigger and the second chain trigger or between the third chain trigger and the third chain trigger is 0.3-1 time of the width of the chain trigger;

the first chain plate machine, the second chain plate machine and the third chain plate machine are adhered with refractory material layers on the running chain plates;

the length of the furnace body is less than or equal to 30m, and the width of the furnace body is less than or equal to 5 m.

7. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein the flue gas chamber is in an inverted trumpet shape, the lower opening is connected with the cooling part, and the middle part is provided with a hot flue gas inlet.

8. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein the casing of the furnace body comprises a steel casing body, a heat insulating material layer covering the casing body and a refractory brick layer covering the heat insulating material layer, and the heat insulating material layer and the refractory brick layer are fixed on the casing by using palladium nails.

9. The system for treating dust and ash in an iron and steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace is provided with an overhaul platform, a pressure monitor mounting hole and a temperature monitor mounting hole, the overhaul platform comprises a stair and an overhaul door, and the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace is fixed on a building through a support.

10. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the brine evaporation and flue gas settling machine comprises a high-temperature flue gas chamber, a brine evaporation chamber and a flue gas settling chamber from top to bottom, the brine evaporation chamber comprises two groups of high-temperature flue gas pipelines and a brine bin, the high-temperature flue gas pipelines are positioned in the brine bin, a flue gas outlet, a water vapor outlet and a flue gas inlet are formed in the upper part of the high-temperature flue gas chamber, and the flue gas outlet is connected with an exhaust fan; the upper part of the side wall of the brine bin is provided with a brine inlet, the bottom of the side wall of the brine bin is provided with a concentrated brine outlet, the concentrated brine outlet is connected with the brine tank, and the flue gas settling chamber comprises a settling separation chamber, an ash collecting hopper and an ash outlet from top to bottom.

11. The system for treating dust and ash in an iron and steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 10, wherein the number of each group of the high temperature flue gas pipelines is at least 9, the thickness of each pipeline is 6-12 mm, the diameter of each pipeline is 20-1000 cm, and the high temperature flue gas pipelines are further provided with a compressed air blowing and blocking mechanism for preventing dust accumulation in the pipelines.

12. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant with a chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 10, wherein the bottom surface of the brine bin is provided with an inclined surface inclined towards the outlet of the concentrated brine, and the inclined angle is not less than 1 °.

13. The system for treating dust collecting ash in a steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 10, wherein the high temperature flue gas pipeline is connected with the high temperature flue gas chamber and the flue gas settling chamber through flanges; the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is connected with the salt water bin through a sleeve, the diameter of the sleeve is 10-20 mm larger than that of the flue gas pipe, and the height of the sleeve is 10-20 cm.

14. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 10, wherein a temperature monitor, a pressure monitor and a flow monitor are arranged on the high temperature flue gas chamber, the flue gas settling chamber, the steam outlet, the saline water inlet and the concentrated saline water outlet, a loading and unloading level monitor is arranged in the saline water bin, and the temperature monitor, the pressure monitor, the flow monitor and the loading and unloading level monitor are respectively connected with an external computer control system.

15. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel and iron plant by using the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the washing and dechlorinating system comprises a discharging room, a plate type feeding machine, a raw material storage warehouse, a belt metering scale, a belt conveyor, a first iron remover, a wet ball mill, a slurry tank, a second iron remover, a solid-liquid separation device and a filter cake storage bin which are sequentially connected; the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the wet ball mill;

the raw material storage warehouse is a closed cylindrical warehouse, the top of the raw material storage warehouse is provided with a feeding hole, the bottom of the raw material storage warehouse is provided with a discharging hole, and the number of the raw material storage warehouse is at least 2;

the plate type feeding machine is connected with a feed inlet of a raw material storage warehouse through a lifting machine;

the wet ball mill is a steel ball mill or a steel bar mill;

the solid-liquid separation device is one or a combination of a plate-and-frame filter press, a belt filter press, a thickener or a spiral filter.

16. The system for treating dust and ash in a steel plant by using the chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pelletizing and granulating system comprises an auxiliary agent bin, a reducing agent bin, a belt weigher, a belt conveyor, a homogenizing mixer and a pelletizer which are sequentially connected;

the auxiliary agent bin and the reducing agent bin are closed cylindrical bins, and the auxiliary agent bin, the reducing agent bin and a discharge port at the bottom of the filter cake storage bin are respectively connected with a belt metering scale;

the homogenizing mixer is one or a combination of a double-shaft mixer, a wheel grinding machine and a concrete mixer;

the granulator is one or two of a balling disc and a double-roller type extrusion granulator;

the balling-up particle size of the balling-up machine is 5-15 mm.

17. The system for treating dust collecting ash in the steel plant by using the chain plate type high temperature reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas treatment system comprises a cloth bag dust collector, an exhaust fan and a flue gas desulfurization chlorine system which are sequentially connected;

the flue gas desulfurization chlorine system comprises a medicament blending tank, a medicament delivery pump and a sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence;

the bag dust collector is a dewing high-temperature-resistant bag dust collector.

18. A method for disposing dust collection ash of a steel plant by a chain plate type high-temperature reduction furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: