CN116789084A - Antimony tellurium heterojunction material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Antimony tellurium heterojunction material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116789084A CN116789084A CN202310150740.2A CN202310150740A CN116789084A CN 116789084 A CN116789084 A CN 116789084A CN 202310150740 A CN202310150740 A CN 202310150740A CN 116789084 A CN116789084 A CN 116789084A
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- DDJAGKOCVFYQOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Te]=[Sb] DDJAGKOCVFYQOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- VOADVZVYWFSHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium tellurite Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Te]([O-])=O VOADVZVYWFSHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940026189 antimony potassium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- WBTCZEPSIIFINA-MSFWTACDSA-J dipotassium;antimony(3+);(2r,3r)-2,3-dioxidobutanedioate;trihydrate Chemical group O.O.O.[K+].[K+].[Sb+3].[Sb+3].[O-]C(=O)[C@H]([O-])[C@@H]([O-])C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)[C@H]([O-])[C@@H]([O-])C([O-])=O WBTCZEPSIIFINA-MSFWTACDSA-J 0.000 claims description 10
- DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-(2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC(=O)NC1CCNC1=O DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 14
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C01B19/007—Tellurides or selenides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C01B19/04—Binary compounds including binary selenium-tellurium compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
- C01P2004/16—Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/20—Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
Abstract
The invention discloses an antimony tellurium heterojunction material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage materials. The microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material provided by the invention is expressed as a plurality of Sb 2 Te 3 The nano-sheet is integrated on the tellurium nano-rod, and is a brand new microstructure, different from the microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material in the prior art. When it is used as the negative electrode of sodium ion battery, it has high capacity, high multiplying power and long cycling stability. Which is a kind ofThe preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, preparing tellurium (Te) nanorods by solvothermal; step two, taking Te nano rod as a carrier, and growing and depositing antimony (Sb) on the Te nano rod again by solvothermal to obtain antimony tellurium (Sb) 2 Te 3 -Te) heterojunction material. The method can realize the effect of Sb by adjusting the dosage proportion of Te nano rod and antimony source 2 Te 3 Adjusting the density of the nano-sheets on the tellurium nano-rods; can realize nano flaky Sb 2 Te 3 The controllable integration on the Te nano rod can further effectively regulate and control the structure and the performance of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antimony tellurium heterojunction material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage materials.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been successfully used as one of the main chemical power sources for portable electronic devices, energy storage devices, and electric automobiles. However, due to the rarity and maldistribution of lithium resources, the high cost of lithium ion batteries eventually will not meet the growing industrial demands. Compared with lithium, the sodium ion battery has similar physical and chemical properties, rich resources and low cost, has high cost performance and is not limited by the resources, and is the first choice of a new generation of ion battery. So far, by taking reference to the abundant experience of lithium ion battery material design, sodium ion battery positive electrode materials have made great progress. However, the direct application of the graphite negative electrode sleeve in the lithium ion battery to the sodium ion battery is unsuccessful, and the graphite has low sodium storage capacity and poor dynamic performance.
Metallic antimony (Sb) has a high theoretical capacity and a suitable voltage plateau, but it undergoes a drastic volume change during sodium deintercalation, resulting in chalking shedding and rapid decay in performance. The volume expansion can be effectively relieved through the design of the nano heterostructure, the thermodynamic stability is improved, the reaction reversibility is enhanced, and the dynamic process is promoted, so that the method is an ideal strategy for realizing the high-performance sodium ion battery cathode.
Antimony tellurium heterojunction and preparation method have been disclosed in the prior art. However, the structure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction disclosed in the prior art is dumbbell-shaped, the electrochemical energy storage performance of the antimony tellurium heterojunction is unknown, and the antimony tellurium heterojunction with different performances cannot be obtained through regulating and controlling the preparation process.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a microstructure which is different from the prior microstructureDumbbell-shaped) antimony tellurium heterojunction material. The microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material provided by the invention is expressed as a plurality of Sb 2 Te 3 The nano-sheet is integrated on the tellurium nano-rod; approximately one tellurium nano rod is connected with a plurality of Sb in series 2 Te 3 Nanosheets and tellurium nanorods pass through Sb 2 Te 3 Nanoplatelets, sb 2 Te 3 The nano-sheet is approximately perpendicular to the tellurium nano-rod. Sb of the Sb-Te heterojunction material 2 Te 3 The density of the nano-sheet on the tellurium nano-rod can be regulated and controlled.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising Sb 2 Te 3 A preparation method of an antimony tellurium heterojunction material formed by integrating a nano sheet on a tellurium nano rod.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a semiconductor device comprising Sb 2 Te 3 The application of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material formed by integrating the nano-sheet on the tellurium nano-rod as the negative electrode of the sodium ion battery.
In order to realize the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material comprises the following steps:
dissolving tellurium source and polyvinylpyrrolidone in ethylene glycol, performing solvothermal reaction for 6-12h at 180-220 ℃, and then centrifuging, washing, drying and grinding to obtain tellurium nanorods;
and step two, mixing the tellurium nanorods prepared in the step one with an antimony source, dispersing in ethylene glycol, performing solvothermal reaction for 6-12h at the temperature of 180-220 ℃, and then centrifuging, washing, drying and grinding to obtain the antimony tellurium heterojunction material.
The antimony source may be antimony potassium tartrate or antimony trichloride. When antimony trichloride is used as the antimony source, the solvothermal reaction of step two also requires the addition of Zn.
The tellurium source may be sodium tellurite.
In the first step, the conditions of centrifugation, washing, drying and grinding can be all conventional collection methods of nano materials. Specifically, it may be subjected to centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 10min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethanol three times, vacuum drying at 80deg.C for 12 hr, and grinding into powder with a mortar.
In the first step, the reaction temperature can influence the diameter of the prepared Te nano rod, and the reaction time can influence the volume of the Te nano rod; specifically, within a certain range, the higher the temperature, the finer the Te nanorods prepared and the longer the reaction time, the larger the volume of the Te nanorods. To obtain Te nanorods of the appropriate size, the temperature can be limited to 200 ℃ for 12h.
In the first step, the change of the consumption of the ethylene glycol can influence the length of the prepared Te nano rod; specifically, in a certain range, the more the amount of ethylene glycol is, the longer the Te nanorod is prepared. To obtain Te nanorods of suitable size, the tellurium source and ethylene glycol amounts can be limited to 0.003:40-55mL.
In the second step, the conditions of centrifugation, washing, drying and grinding can be all conventional collection methods of nano materials. The change of centrifugation, washing, drying and grinding conditions does not affect the microstructure and performance of the nano heterojunction prepared in the second step. The conditions of centrifugation, washing, drying and grinding in the second step may be the same as or different from those in the first step. Specifically, it may be subjected to centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 10min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethanol three times, vacuum drying at 80deg.C for 12 hr, and grinding into powder with a mortar.
In the second step, the reaction temperature can influence the diameter of the prepared antimony tellurium heterojunction material, and the reaction time can influence the volume of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material; specifically, in a certain range, the higher the temperature, the thinner the prepared antimony tellurium heterojunction material and the longer the reaction time, the larger the volume of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material. To obtain a properly sized antimony tellurium heterojunction material, the temperature can be limited to 200 ℃ for 12 hours.
In the second step, the change of the consumption of the ethylene glycol can influence the microstructure and the performance of the prepared nano heterojunction; specifically, in a certain range, the more the consumption of glycol is, the more regular the morphology and the larger the size of the prepared antimony tellurium heterojunction are, so that the better sodium storage performance is obtained. Preferably, the amount of antimony source and ethylene glycol can be limited to 0.001:40-55mL.
The controllable preparation method can regulate and control the Sb of the Sb-Te heterojunction material by adjusting the molar ratio of the Te source/Te nano rod to the Sb source 2 Te 3 Density of nanoplatelets on tellurium nanorods. Specifically, the molar ratio of tellurium source/tellurium nanorods to antimony source may be 1:0.1-10; the molar ratio of tellurium nanorods to antimony source may be 1:0.375-0.5 or 1:1.25-5. For example, the molar ratio of tellurium nanorods to antimony source may be 1:0.375, 1:0.5, 1:1.25, 1:5.
the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material provided by the invention is expressed as a plurality of Sb 2 Te 3 The nano-sheet is integrated on the tellurium nano-rod, and is a brand new microstructure, different from the microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material in the prior art.
The Sb-Te heterojunction material with a brand new microstructure provided by the invention is nano flaky Sb 2 Te 3 The Te nano rod serving as an active substance provides higher capacity, can promote the transmission of carriers and serve as a matrix for buffering volume change, and can serve as a negative electrode of a sodium ion battery. When the lithium ion battery is used as a negative electrode of a sodium ion battery, the first coulomb efficiency can reach 75.6%, the first charging specific capacity can reach 554.7mAh g-1, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation can reach 539.4mAh/g; exhibit high capacity, high rate and long cycle stability.
The Sb-Te heterojunction material with a brand new microstructure provided by the invention has Sb in the microstructure 2 Te 3 The density of the nano-sheet on the tellurium nano-rod can be regulated and controlled according to the requirement during the preparation. That is, sb can be obtained by adjusting the production conditions 2 Te 3 Different densities of the nano-sheets on the tellurium nano-rods are provided with the antimony tellurium heterojunction materials. Therefore, the microstructure of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material with the brand-new microstructure is controllable and adjustable.
The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material adopts two-step solvothermal reaction; synthesizing Te nano rod by solvothermal reaction, and then forming Te nano rod by solvothermal reactionUpper growth of Sb 2 Te 3 A nano-sheet. Compared with the one-step solvothermal reaction synthesis method, the method can realize the Sb by adjusting the dosage ratio of Te nano rods to antimony sources in the second-step solvothermal reaction 2 Te 3 Adjusting the density of the nano-sheets on the tellurium nano-rods; can realize nano flaky Sb 2 Te 3 The controllable integration on the Te nano rod can further effectively regulate and control the structure and the performance of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM picture (a), charge-discharge curve (b) and cycle performance curve (c) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in example 1.
Fig. 2 is an SEM picture (a), charge-discharge curve (b) and cycle performance curve (c) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in example 2.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image (left graph), charge-discharge curve (middle graph) and cycle performance curve (right graph) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in example 3.
Fig. 4 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in example 4.
Fig. 5 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in comparative example 1.
Fig. 6 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in comparative example 2.
Fig. 7 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in comparative example 3.
Fig. 8 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction prepared in comparative example 4.
Fig. 9 is an SEM picture (a) and cycle performance curve (b) of Te nanorods prepared in comparative example 5.
FIG. 10 is an XRD pattern of the antimony tellurium nano heterojunction and Te nanorods prepared in examples 1-3.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the present disclosure, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as limiting the scope of the invention, so that any structural modifications, proportional changes, or dimensional adjustments should fall within the scope of the invention without affecting the efficacy or achievement thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
Example 1
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods. The XRD pattern of the Te nanorods thus prepared is shown in FIG. 10-a.
(2) 0.2552g of Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 0.614g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40ml of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at the temperature of 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1). The XRD pattern of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in figure 10-b, and the SEM picture of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in figure 1-a.
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g. The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 57.7%, the initial charging specific capacity is 123.9mAh g-1, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is 50.2mAh/g. The charge-discharge curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) serving as the anode material is shown in a figure 1-b, and the cycle performance curve is shown in a figure 1-c.
Example 2
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods. The XRD pattern of the Te nanorods thus prepared is shown in FIG. 10-a.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1). The XRD pattern of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in figure 10-c, and the SEM picture of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in figure 2-a.
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is prepared from 1moi/L NaClO 4 The EC solution and the DEC are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA g -1 (test conditions were the same as in example 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 461.3mAh/g. The charge-discharge curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) serving as the anode material is shown in a figure 2-b, and the cycle performance curve is shown in a figure 2-c.
Example 3
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods. The XRD pattern of the Te nanorods thus prepared is shown in FIG. 10-a.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 6.138g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1). The XRD pattern of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in figure 10-d, and the SEM picture of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is shown in the left graph of figure 3.
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 73.4%, the initial charging specific capacity is 554.7mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 539.4mAh/g. The charge-discharge curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) serving as the anode material is shown in a graph in fig. 3, and the cycle performance curve is shown in a right graph in fig. 3.
Example 4
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 55mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods. The XRD pattern of the Te nanorods thus prepared is shown in FIG. 10-a.
(2) 0.2552g Te nano rod prepared in the example (1), 0.4562g antimony trichloride and 0.1g Zn particles are added into 55mL glycol and stirred uniformly, and solvothermal reaction is carried out for 10h at 140 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1). SEM pictures of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) are shown in fig. 4-a.
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 69.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 474.6mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 450.6mAh/g. The cycle performance curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) as a cathode material is shown in fig. 4-b.
Example 5 (same molar ratio of antimony source to tellurium source compared to example 2, change in solvothermal reaction conditions)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 180 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 6 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1).
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is prepared from 1mol/L NaClO 4 The EC solution and the DEC are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA g -1 (test conditions were the same as in example 1). The first coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6 percent, and the first charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh g -1 The specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is 461.3mAh g -1 。
Example 6 (same molar ratio of antimony source to tellurium source compared to example 2, change in solvothermal reaction conditions)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 220 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 10 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1).
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing 1mol/L NaClO4/EC solution and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as in example 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 461.3mAh/g.
Example 7 (same molar ratio of antimony source to tellurium source compared to example 2, change in solvothermal reaction conditions)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 6h at 180 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1).
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 461.3mAh/g.
Example 8 (same molar ratio of antimony source to tellurium source compared to example 2, change in solvothermal reaction conditions)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 40mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 220 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1).
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 461.3mAh/g.
Example 9 (same molar ratio of antimony source to tellurium source compared to example 2, variation in solvent usage)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 55mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods.
(2) 0.2552g of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) and 3.069g of antimony potassium tartrate are added into 55mL of ethylene glycol, stirred uniformly and subjected to solvothermal reaction for 12h at 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the nano heterojunction. In the step (2), the conditions of centrifugation, washing and drying are the same as in the step (1).
(3) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (2) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 75.6%, the initial charging specific capacity is 482.2mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 461.3mAh/g.
Comparative example 1 (molar ratio of tellurium to antimony was equal, solvothermal reaction conditions were the same as in example 1)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite, 0.921g of potassium antimonate and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol and subjected to solvothermal reaction at 200 ℃ for 12h; after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the nano heterojunction. SEM pictures of the prepared nano heterojunction are shown in fig. 5-a.
(2) The nano heterojunction prepared in the step (1) is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 57.7%, the initial charging specific capacity is 173.7mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is 101.1mAh/g. The cycle performance curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (1) as a cathode material is shown in fig. 5-b.
Comparative example 2 (molar ratio of tellurium to antimony was equal, solvothermal reaction conditions were the same as in example 2)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite, 4.6035g of potassium antimonate and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol and subjected to solvothermal reaction at 200 ℃ for 12h; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the nano heterojunction anode material. SEM pictures of the prepared nano heterojunction are shown in fig. 6-a.
(2) The nano heterojunction anode material prepared in the step (1) is used for a sodium ion battery, the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as in the example 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 51.9%, the initial charging specific capacity is 264.8mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles is 50.5mAh/g. The cycle performance curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (1) as a negative electrode material is shown in fig. 6-b.
Comparative example 3 (molar ratio of tellurium to antimony was equal, solvothermal reaction conditions were the same as in example 3)
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite, 9.207g of potassium antimonate and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol and subjected to solvothermal reaction at 200 ℃ for 12h; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the nano heterojunction anode material. SEM pictures of the prepared nano heterojunction are shown in fig. 7-a.
(2) The nano heterojunction anode material prepared in the step (1) is used for a sodium ion battery, the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as in the example 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 64.9%, the initial charging specific capacity is 243.5mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is 66.1mAh/g. The cycle performance curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (1) as a negative electrode material is shown in fig. 7-b.
Comparative example 4
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite, 1.842g of potassium antimonate and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol and reacted solvothermal for 12h at the temperature of 200 ℃; and after the solvothermal reaction is finished, centrifuging for 10min at a rotating speed of 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times respectively, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the nano heterojunction anode material. SEM pictures of the prepared nano heterojunction are shown in fig. 8-a.
(2) The nano heterojunction anode material prepared in the step (1) is used for a sodium ion battery, the electrolyte is formed by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as in the example 1). The initial coulomb efficiency of the anode material is 72.1%, the initial charging specific capacity is 148.5mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is 42.6mAh/g. The cycle performance curve of the nano heterojunction prepared in the step (1) as a negative electrode material is shown in fig. 8-b.
Comparative example 5
(1) 0.6647g of sodium tellurite and 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in 40mL of ethylene glycol to carry out solvothermal reaction, wherein the temperature condition of the solvothermal reaction is 200 ℃, and the solvothermal reaction time is 12 hours; and centrifuging for 10min at 7000r/min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain the Te nanorods. SEM pictures of the Te nanorods thus prepared are shown in FIG. 9-a.
(2) The prepared Te nano rod is used as a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery, and the electrolyte is prepared by mixing NaClO4/EC solution with the concentration of 1moi/L and DEC according to the volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the test voltage range is 0.01-3V, and the current density is 100mA/g (the test conditions are the same as in example 1). The first charge specific capacity of the anode material is 550.1mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 50 circles of circulation is reduced to 91.9mAh/g. The cycling performance curve of the Te nano rod prepared in the step (1) as the cathode material is shown in figure 9-b.
The embodiments described above are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
dissolving tellurium source and polyvinylpyrrolidone in ethylene glycol, performing solvothermal reaction at 180-220 ℃ for 6-12h, centrifuging, washing, drying and grinding to obtain tellurium nanorods;
and step two, mixing the tellurium nanorods prepared in the step one with an antimony source, dispersing in ethylene glycol, performing solvothermal reaction at 180-220 ℃ for 6-12h, and then centrifuging, washing, drying and grinding to obtain the antimony tellurium heterojunction material.
2. The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 1, wherein the antimony tellurium heterojunction material is composed of Sb 2 Te 3 The nanoplatelets are formed integrally on tellurium nanorods.
3. The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 2, wherein the antimony tellurium heterojunction material is Sb 2 Te 3 The density of the nano-sheet on the tellurium nano-rod can be regulated and controlled.
4. The controllable preparation method of the antimony-tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of tellurium source/tellurium nanorods to antimony source is adjusted to regulate and control the Sb of the antimony-tellurium heterojunction material 2 Te 3 Density of nanoplatelets on tellurium nanorods.
5. The controllable preparation method of the antimony-tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of tellurium source/tellurium nanorods to antimony source is 1:0.1-10.
6. The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of tellurium nanorods to antimony sources is 1:0.375-0.5 or 1:1.25-5.
7. The controllable preparation method of the antimony tellurium heterojunction material according to claim 1, wherein the antimony source is antimony potassium tartrate or antimony trichloride.
8. The method for controllably preparing an antimony tellurium heterojunction material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tellurium source is sodium tellurite.
9. An antimony tellurium heterojunction material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of an antimony tellurium heterojunction material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8 as a negative electrode of a sodium ion battery.
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