CN116779201A - Nuclear power plant instrument control system and method oriented to intelligent operation and maintenance and nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant instrument control system and method oriented to intelligent operation and maintenance and nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power plant instrument control, and particularly relates to an intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system, an intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control method and a nuclear power plant thereof, wherein the intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system comprises an operation control and protection area instrument control system and an operation auxiliary area instrument control system; the operation control and protection area instrument control system comprises a power plant operation control system, a reactor protection and safety monitoring system, a diversity driving system, a design expansion working condition system, a control room system, a data display and processing system, a process monitoring instrument and execution mechanism system, a power plant radiation monitoring system, a nuclear instrument system and an earthquake instrument system. Through the design and the whole arrangement scheme of the operation control system of the power plant, the optimization of control scale can be realized, the situation that all control functions of the nuclear power plant are realized through a main instrument control platform for guaranteeing the safe operation of the power plant is avoided, so that the whole manufacturing cost is reduced, the safety and the reliability of nuclear power operation are improved, the operation and maintenance requirements are comprehensively considered, and the intelligent level is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power plant instrument control, and particularly relates to an intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system and method and a nuclear power plant.
Background
The instrument control system of the nuclear power plant is an important component part of the nuclear power plant and plays a vital role in the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. With the development of nuclear power in China for decades, nuclear power instrument control technology has greatly advanced, and particularly in the field of digital instrument control systems, the safe and stable operation of a power plant is maintained through the digital instrument control systems. The digital instrument control system mainly aims at the operation of the nuclear power plant, generally takes a distributed control system as a core, takes a computerized man-machine interface as a main monitoring means of a control room, and takes a small amount of conventional equipment as a backup and emergency operation means, so that the operation parameters of a process system or equipment are maintained within limit values regulated by the operation conditions under various working conditions, the power plant parameters and the operation states of the systems are monitored, and various necessary information is provided for operators to safely and effectively operate the nuclear power plant.
However, with the high-speed development of the instrument control technology in the industrial field, the advanced instrument control technologies such as an intelligent control system, an intelligent instrument, a field bus and wireless sensing are widely applied in other fields, and the technologies are closely related to the nuclear power industry and are key for improving the advancement of the instrument control system. With the continuous improvement of the requirements on the safety and the economy of nuclear power, the instrument control system of the nuclear power plant also provides higher requirements and challenges, for example: the compact factory layout has the advantages that the requirements of the compact factory layout on the control system are reduced, the power plant equipment aging management requirements which need to be considered are improved in the whole safety and economy of the power plant in the whole life period, the human error requirements are reduced, and the intelligent operation and maintenance requirements are met; and the control integrated requirement of an operation unit, and the like, and the intelligent technology can promote the technical advancement of the instrument control system and meet the technical requirement of continuous updating.
In addition, on the basis of ensuring operation safety, the reliability, availability and automation level of the instrument control system are further improved, the subsequent operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the balance of safety and economy is achieved.
Intelligence has become a necessary trend in the future of nuclear power technology. The technical level of the nuclear power instrument control technology is a key point for embodying the intelligent development of nuclear power. The instrument control system of the nuclear power plant needs to carry out comprehensive technical improvement, intellectualization and design fusion in the aspects of advanced detection technology, advanced automatic control, intelligent control and the like.
The new international and domestic nuclear safety regulations bring more and more comprehensive requirements for the arrangement of deep defense levels and the requirements on independence and diversity, which lead to the complexity of the system to a certain extent and improve the investment cost and the subsequent operation and maintenance cost of the system. From the perspective of improving economy, simplification and balance of the overall structure of the instrument control are sought on the premise of not changing the integral safety contribution of the power plant.
The intelligent operation and maintenance is a trend of nuclear power development, the needs of power plant aging management, preventive maintenance, intelligent inspection, fault diagnosis and the like are required to be fully considered in the design stage of the instrument control system, the full life detection and monitoring functions of the instrument control system are expanded, the real-time and non-real-time system setting is planned again, the influence of intelligent instrument control equipment application on the operation and maintenance is considered, and BOP sub items are firstly converted into an integrated intelligent management and control system. The method provides an information data basis for informatization of a global production process and a management process of the power plant, improves data quality, improves accurate grasp of power plant technicians on the running state of the power plant, supports intelligent running and maintenance of the whole life to the greatest extent, and realizes intelligent technical support of the whole life.
Based on such demands, there is an urgent need for a control system mainly oriented to the operation of a nuclear power plant to solve the following problems:
1) The scale of the instrument control system is large, all control functions of the nuclear power plant are realized through the instrument control system for guaranteeing the safe operation of the power plant, and the overall cost is high;
2) The instrument control system starts from the operation requirement of the power plant, provides rich information for operators, and has less support on the operation and maintenance requirements of power plant aging management, preventive maintenance, fault diagnosis and the like;
3) The intelligent level of the instrument control system of the nuclear power plant is lagged compared with that of a conventional power plant, and the intelligent technology in the nuclear power field is mainly in a research stage and lacks of a practical application research with a certain scale.
In order to meet the above requirements, it is necessary to design and improve the intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system, integrally consider the architecture of the instrument control system, fully analyze the influence of architecture adjustment on the reliability and usability of the instrument control system, and further consider the influence of intelligent technology on the network security of the instrument control system at the same time, which has great challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented instrument control system and method for a nuclear power plant and the nuclear power plant, which can improve the safety, economy and reliability of nuclear power operation, comprehensively consider operation and maintenance requirements and improve the intelligent level.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system comprises an operation control and protection area instrument control system; the operation control and protection area instrument control system comprises a power plant operation control system, a reactor protection and safety monitoring system, a diversity driving system, a design expansion working condition system, a control room system, a data display and processing system, a process monitoring instrument and execution mechanism system, a power plant radiation monitoring system, a nuclear instrument system and an earthquake instrument system;
under normal operation conditions, the control room system interacts with the power plant operation control system and the reactor protection and safety monitoring system through the data display and processing system, sends an operation control instruction to the power plant, and receives feedback information of the unit operation state; under the expected operation event and the design reference accident working condition, the control room system interacts with the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, sends emergency shutdown signals and special driving signals, receives unit operation state feedback information, and when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system fails, the diversity driving system automatically triggers shutdown or corresponding special executor action; under the design expansion working condition, the control room system interacts with the design expansion working condition system through the data display and processing system, and receives monitoring information under the design expansion working condition;
The control room system comprises a non-safety-level man-machine interface and a safety-level man-machine interface, and nuclear power plant operation data information is transmitted to a non-safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through a data display and processing system, wherein the safety-level data information is transmitted to the data display and processing system through a safety network and is also transmitted to the safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network;
the system comprises a data display and processing system, a non-safety man-machine interface terminal, a power plant operation control system, a reactor protection and safety monitoring system, a diversity driving system and a design expansion working condition system, wherein the data display and processing system provides a real-time data network, the running state of the nuclear power plant is sent to the non-safety man-machine interface terminal for display through the data display and processing system, and an operator operation instruction is sent to the power plant operation control system, the reactor protection and safety monitoring system and the design expansion working condition system through the data display and processing system;
the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, the power plant radiation monitoring system, the nuclear instrument system and the seismic instrument system provide unit operation state feedback information.
The power plant operation control system comprises a power plant automatic start-stop system, a nuclear steam supply control system, a rod control rod position system, a conventional island steam turbine control system, a nuclear island ventilation control system, a BOP comprehensive management control system and a radioactive waste treatment center control system.
The automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system in the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, and sends status information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
The nuclear steam supply control system of the automatic start-stop system of the power plant is automatically controlled in a full power range, receives power plant state signals of the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, realizes reactor power control, voltage stabilizer pressure control, voltage stabilizer water level control and steam generator water level control nuclear condenser steam discharge control according to a control strategy of nuclear steam supply, and corresponding state information is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of a control room system for display through a data display and processing system.
The rod position control system performs a rod position measurement function, sends rod position signals to the nuclear instrument system, sends corresponding information to the control room man-machine interface terminal for display, simultaneously, the rod position control system also performs a rod control function, receives rod lifting control signals from the control room system, coordinates the rod groups to move, sends rod moving commands to corresponding driving mechanisms, and feeds back state information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display;
The conventional island steam turbine control system receives the rotating speed and pressure signals of the steam turbine in the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system, performs the control of the speed increasing, the speed increasing and the speed increasing, and sends corresponding state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
The nuclear island ventilation control system is divided into a safety level part and a non-safety level part, the safety level part receives state signals of a safety level ventilation instrument and ventilation equipment, realizes ventilation control of the safety level part of a nuclear island factory building, and sends corresponding state information to a non-safety level and safety level man-machine interface terminal of a control room system for display through a data display and processing system and to a central monitoring point of the nuclear island ventilation system for display; and the unsafe-level part receives state signals of unsafe-level ventilation instruments and ventilation equipment, realizes the ventilation control of the unsafe-level part of the nuclear island factory building, and displays corresponding state information through a central monitoring point of the nuclear island ventilation system.
The BOP comprehensive management and control system receives state information of each sub-process system and equipment of the BOP, sends corresponding state information to a BOP centralized control room for display and control, and sends monitoring information to a control room man-machine interface terminal for display through a data display and processing system.
The radioactive waste treatment center control system receives the monitoring information of the treatment system and equipment thereof in the radioactive waste treatment sub-item, and sends corresponding state information to the radioactive waste treatment center control room for display and control, and the monitoring information is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and treatment system.
The reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives state feedback signals of safety level sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, triggers emergency shutdown when an expected operation event occurs, drives a special safety facility when a design reference accident occurs, and transmits related state information to a non-safety level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through unidirectional transmission of a safety network and the data display and processing system, and simultaneously transmits the state information to the safety level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network.
When the reactor protection and safety monitoring system cannot execute the expected safety function due to the common software fault of the digital processing unit, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of related sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, executes special driving and sends related state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
The design expansion working condition instrument control system is started under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B, receives state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B in the process monitoring instrument and executing mechanism system, carries out logic processing and equipment driving, and sends related state information to se:Sub>A man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the datse:Sub>A display and processing system.
The process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system acquire the state information of the bottom layer of the power plant, send the information to the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system and the design expansion working condition instrument control system, and send control signals of the field executor to control the executor.
The system comprises a power plant radiation monitoring system, a seismic instrument system, a power plant operation control system, a data display and processing system, a safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal and a control room system, wherein the power plant radiation monitoring system is used for collecting radiation monitoring data of a nuclear power plant, the seismic instrument system is used for collecting seismic monitoring data, the nuclear instrument system is used for collecting off-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data, the off-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data are sent to the power plant operation control system, and the safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal is used for displaying the safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal which is sent to the control room system through the data display and processing system.
The system comprises an operation auxiliary area instrument control system, a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system and a control system, wherein the operation auxiliary area instrument control system consists of a data rapid acquisition and analysis system and a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system, and the data rapid acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores field device state information to realize transient recording; the fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system collects field device state information during a overhaul refueling and converts the information into field device control commands.
The operation auxiliary area instrument control system comprises an intelligent supervision information system which can collect all production data and production, operation and maintenance data of the nuclear power plant, and data collection and display are achieved.
The operation auxiliary area instrument control system obtains power plant operation data from the data display and processing system and the BOP comprehensive management and control system, and obtains auxiliary operation data information from special intelligent equipment.
The intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control method is realized by adopting the following steps based on the intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system:
1) The process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system collect information and function executing signals of the bottom layer of the power plant and send the information and function executing signals to the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system and the design expansion working condition instrument control system;
2) The automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system at the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system according to a control strategy of automatic start-stop and by combining with a man-machine interface design of a non-safety man-machine interface terminal in the control room system, and sends status information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system;
In the normal operation stage, a nuclear steam supply control system, a rod position control system and a conventional island steam turbine control system receive power plant state signals of a process monitoring instrument and an execution mechanism system, execute nuclear steam control, rod position measurement and control and conventional island steam turbine control functions, and feed corresponding state information back to a control room system through a data display and processing system;
when a predicted operation event and a design reference accident occur, the reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, triggers emergency shutdown, drives a special safety facility and transmits and sends related status information to the control room system;
when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system fails and cannot execute the expected safety function, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system and executes the special driving command;
under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B, an extended working condition instrument control system is designed to receive state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B in se:Sub>A process monitoring instrument and executing mechanism system, and logic processing and equipment driving are carried out;
During operation of the nuclear power plant, the nuclear island ventilation control system, the BOP integrated management and control system, and the radioactive waste treatment center system receive signals from the ventilation meters and ventilation equipment, the BOP meters and equipment, and the radioactive waste treatment meters and equipment, and implement corresponding controls.
The operation data of the power plant is transmitted to an intelligent supervision information system by a data display and processing system and a BOP integrated management and control system, other operation and maintenance data are collected by intelligent equipment and are transmitted to the intelligent supervision information system, and the intelligent supervision information system uniformly collects, collates, applies, manages and transmits all data required by operation and maintenance of the power plant and transmits the data to an intelligent information center for display;
when the power plant operates, the data acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores the state information of the field equipment, transient records are carried out, and when a power plant equipment test is required or an accident process is required to be recalled after the accident, the data acquisition and analysis system provides transient data support;
during a overhaul refueling of a nuclear power plant, a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system collects the status of the field devices, sends the status to a fuel operation and storage remote control room, and issues control commands to the field devices.
A large-scale nuclear power plant based on an intelligent operation and maintenance instrument control system comprises a primary loop system consisting of a nuclear reactor, a pressure vessel (pressure shell), a steam generator, a main circulating pump, a voltage stabilizer, corresponding pipelines and valves, and a secondary loop system consisting of a secondary side of the steam generator, a steam turbine generator unit, a condenser, a water supply pump, corresponding pipelines and valves; and the instrument control system is used for controlling and monitoring the operation process of the primary loop system and the secondary loop system, and is an intelligent operation and maintenance oriented instrument control system of the nuclear power plant.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. through the design and the whole arrangement scheme of the power plant operation control system, the optimization of control scale can be realized, the situation that all control functions of the nuclear power plant are realized through a main instrument control platform for guaranteeing the safe operation of the power plant is avoided, and therefore the whole manufacturing cost is reduced, and the economic performance of the operation of the power plant is improved.
2. Through the system design or arrangement of the operation control and protection area and the operation auxiliary area, the support of operation and maintenance requirements such as power plant aging management, preventive maintenance, fault diagnosis and the like can be realized, so that the improvement of operation and maintenance efficiency, safety and reliability of the nuclear power plant is realized under the condition that the safety is not reduced.
3. The intelligent level of operation and maintenance of the whole nuclear power plant can be realized through the system design or arrangement of the intelligent supervision information system, and the intelligent supervision information system specifically comprises the steps of uniformly collecting, arranging, applying, managing and transmitting all data required by operation and maintenance, realizing the integrity of operation and maintenance information, and improving the richness of the operation and maintenance information through the application of intelligent equipment, thereby realizing the intelligent improvement of operation and maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and detailed description.
Nuclear power plant instrument control system towards intelligent fortune dimension includes: the system comprises an operation control and protection area instrument control system supporting high automation of the operation control of the nuclear power plant and an operation auxiliary area instrument control system supporting the lifting availability of the nuclear power plant. The composition, function and key design scheme of the two-part instrument control system are respectively described below.
With regard to the operation control and protection zone control system, the function is as follows: the system directly realizes the real-time monitoring of the primary electric power system, is directly related to the safety and usability of the nuclear power plant, and provides the functions of normal operation monitoring, emergency shutdown, special safety driving, necessary guarantee of safe production, and four deep defense levels for monitoring of design expansion working conditions.
As shown in FIG. 1, the operation control and protection zone instrumentation systems include power plant operation control systems, reactor protection and safety monitoring systems, diversity drive systems, design extended operating mode systems, control room systems, data display and processing systems, process monitoring instrumentation and actuator systems, and power plant radiation monitoring systems, nuclear instrumentation systems, seismic instrumentation systems.
Under normal operation conditions, the control room system utilizes a non-safety level/safety level man-machine interface terminal to interact with a power plant operation control system and a reactor protection and safety monitoring system (through a safety network) through a data display and processing system, sends an operation control instruction to the power plant, and receives feedback information of the operation state of the unit;
under the working conditions of expected operation events and design reference accidents, the control room system interacts with the reactor protection and safety monitoring system through hard wiring or a safety level network by utilizing a safety level man-machine interface terminal, sends emergency shutdown signals and special driving signals, and receives unit operation state feedback information, and when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system fails, the diversity driving system automatically triggers shutdown or corresponding special executor action;
Under the design expansion working condition, the control room system uses a non-safety level/safety level man-machine interface terminal to interact with the design expansion working condition system through the data display and processing system, and receives monitoring information under the design expansion working condition;
under various working conditions, a process monitoring instrument and an executing mechanism system, a power plant radiation monitoring system, a nuclear instrument system and a seismic instrument system provide unit operation state feedback information.
The power plant operation control system comprises a power plant automatic start-stop system, a nuclear steam supply control system, a rod control rod position system, a conventional island steam turbine control system, a nuclear island ventilation control system, a BOP comprehensive management control system and a radioactive waste treatment center control system.
Wherein: the automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system at the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system according to a control strategy of automatic start-stop and by combining with a man-machine interface design of a non-safety man-machine interface terminal in the control room system, and sends status information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system; the nuclear steam supply control system is automatically controlled in a full power range, receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, and realizes reactor power control, voltage stabilizer pressure control, voltage stabilizer water level control and steam generator water level control nuclear condenser steam discharge control according to a control strategy of nuclear steam supply, and corresponding status information is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system; the rod control rod position system executes a rod position measurement function, sends rod position signals to a reactor core measurement function in a nuclear instrument system, sends corresponding information to a control room man-machine interface terminal for display, simultaneously, the rod control rod position system also executes a rod control function, receives rod lifting and inserting control signals from the control room system, coordinates movement of rod groups, sends a rod moving command to a corresponding driving mechanism, and feeds back state information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display; the conventional island steam turbine control system receives signals such as the rotating speed, the pressure and the like of the steam turbine in the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system, controls the flushing, the warming-up, the speed rising and the like, and sends corresponding state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system; the nuclear island ventilation control system is divided into a safety level part and a non-safety level part. The safety level part receives state signals of a safety level ventilation instrument and ventilation equipment, realizes ventilation control of the safety level part of the nuclear island factory building, and sends corresponding state information to a non-safety level and safety level man-machine interface terminal of a control room system for display through a data display and processing system, and the corresponding state information is also sent to a centralized monitoring point of the nuclear island ventilation system for display; the non-safety level part receives state signals of a non-safety level ventilation instrument and ventilation equipment, realizes ventilation control of the non-safety level part of the nuclear island factory building, and displays corresponding state information through a central monitoring point of a nuclear island ventilation system; the BOP comprehensive management and control system receives state information of each sub-process system and equipment of the BOP, and sends the corresponding state information to a BOP centralized control room for display and control, wherein important monitoring information (such as liquid level information of part of a pit) is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room for display through a data display and processing system to remind an operator to perform corresponding operation in limited time, and operation data of the BOP comprehensive management and control system is sent to an intelligent supervision information system to provide early warning information and preventive maintenance advice for intelligent fault tracing; the radioactive waste treatment center control system receives the monitoring information of the treatment system and the equipment thereof in the radioactive waste treatment sub-items and sends corresponding state information to the radioactive waste treatment center control room for display and control, wherein important monitoring information (such as storage tank liquid level information) is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and treatment system, and the operation personnel are reminded of carrying out corresponding operation in limited time.
The reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives state feedback signals of safety level sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, triggers emergency shutdown when an expected operation event occurs, drives a special safety facility when a design reference accident occurs, transmits related state information in one-way mode through a safety network and a data display and processing system to a non-safety level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display, and simultaneously transmits the state information to the safety level man-machine interface terminal through the safety network for display.
When the reactor protection and safety monitoring system cannot execute the expected safety function due to the common software failure of the digital processing unit, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of related sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, executes special driving such as emergency shutdown, steam turbine braking, emergency reactor core injection, automatic pressure relief of the reactor and the like, and sends related state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
The method comprises the steps of designing an extended working condition instrument control system to start under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B, receiving state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B in se:Sub>A process monitoring instrument and executing mechanism system, performing logic processing and equipment driving, and sending relevant state information to se:Sub>A man-machine interface terminal of se:Sub>A control room system for display through se:Sub>A datse:Sub>A display and processing system.
All of the above subsystems have undergone a large change in plant operation control system relative to existing nuclear plant design arrangements. The automatic start-stop system, the nuclear steam supply control system, the rod control rod position system and the conventional island steam turbine control system of the power plant are all realized by a main instrument control system platform, the nuclear island ventilation control system (a non-safety level part), the BOP comprehensive management control system and the radioactive waste treatment center control system are respectively realized by a special instrument control platform with lower manufacturing cost, so that the scale and complexity of the main instrument control system are reduced, the safety is ensured, the cost of the main instrument control system platform is reduced, and the economical efficiency of the whole instrument control system is improved. In addition, the nuclear island ventilation control system, the BOP integrated management control system and the radioactive waste treatment center control system are provided with special monitoring points, namely, the nuclear island ventilation system centralized monitoring points, the BOP centralized control room and the radioactive waste treatment center control room, and through the design of the decentralized control rooms, the operating pressure of a master control operator can be reduced, and the personnel efficiency of the master control room operator can be improved.
The control room system comprises a man-machine interface necessary for reaching an operator of a power plant operation target, all data information related to the operation of the nuclear power plant is transmitted to a non-safety-level man-machine interface terminal through a data display and processing system for display, wherein the safety-level data information is transmitted to the data display and processing system through a safety network and is also transmitted to the safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network, so that the operator is supported to grasp the operation state of the nuclear power plant, and control information is transmitted.
The data display and processing system provides a real-time data network, and is a bridge for data communication between the control room system and the reactor protection and safety monitoring system (unidirectional), the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system, the design extension working condition instrument control system and the intelligent supervision information system. The running state of the nuclear power plant is sent to the non-safety man-machine interface terminal for display through the data display and processing system, and the operating instructions of operators are also sent to each instrument control subsystem through the data display and processing system.
The process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system comprise field devices, acquire field device information related to the operation of a power plant through setting a measuring instrument, acquire state information of a bottom layer of the power plant, send the information to a reactor protection and safety monitoring system (unidirectional), a power plant operation control system, a diversity driving system and a design extension working condition instrument control system, and send control signals of a field actuator to control the actuator. The system is mainly used for measuring thermal parameters, controlling equipment and automatically adjusting process equipment and process systems in a nuclear power station, can continuously monitor process medium pressure, temperature, liquid level, flow, chemical components of the medium and the like, helps operators to make correct judgment and reasonably operate, can provide measurement signals for equipment control and adjustment and monitor the operation states of the equipment and the system, can be used for analyzing accident reasons, and provides assistance for accident analysis and accident treatment.
The power plant radiation monitoring system collects radiation monitoring data of the nuclear power plant, the seismic instrument system collects seismic monitoring data, the nuclear instrument system collects out-of-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data, the out-of-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data are sent to the power plant operation control system, and the out-of-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data are sent to the safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
With respect to the operation auxiliary area instrument control system, the operation auxiliary area instrument control system does not execute a control function on electric power production, is not directly related to the safety of a power plant, plays an auxiliary role on operation, further improves the overall usability of the power plant, and has the function of providing management and analysis services of comprehensive data of the power plant and monitoring and evaluating the health state of the system/equipment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the operation auxiliary area instrument control system comprises a data rapid acquisition and analysis system, a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system and an intelligent supervision information system.
The data rapid acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores the state information of the field device through the high-speed acquisition card, so that transient recording is realized, and the recorded data are mainly used for device test and post-accident recall.
The fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system is used during the overhaul and the material change of the nuclear power plant, collects the states of field devices such as a loading and unloading machine, a fuel transfer device and a man-bridge crane, sends the states to a fuel operation and storage remote control room, and sends control commands to the field devices.
The intelligent supervision information system is a comprehensive system which is arranged in a nuclear power plant and used for collection, management, control and informatization, and can collect all production data, production, operation and maintenance data and the like of the nuclear power plant, so that data collection and display are realized. The system obtains power plant operation data from a data display and processing system of an operation control and protection area and a BOP comprehensive management and control system, and obtains auxiliary operation data information from special intelligent equipment such as an intelligent terminal, a personnel positioning device, an electronic tag, an intelligent camera and the like. All intelligent related production or operation and maintenance data are collected, arranged, applied, managed and transmitted in an intelligent supervision information system uniformly and are sent to an intelligent information center for display.
For implementing the operation control of the nuclear power plant, the signaling process is as follows
1) The process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system collect information and function executing signals of the bottom layer of the power plant and send the information and function executing signals to the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system and the design expansion working condition instrument control system;
2) The automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system at the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system according to a control strategy of automatic start-stop and by combining with a man-machine interface design of a non-safety man-machine interface terminal in the control room system, and sends status information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system;
3) And in the normal operation stage, the nuclear steam supply control system, the rod position control system and the conventional island steam turbine control system receive power plant state signals of the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, execute nuclear steam control, rod position measurement and control and conventional island steam turbine control functions, and feed corresponding state information back to a non-safety level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system through the data display and processing system for display.
4) When the expected operation event and the design reference accident occur, the reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives the power plant state signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, triggers the emergency shutdown, drives the special safety facility, transmits the related state information to the non-safety-level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the unidirectional transmission of the safety network and the data display and processing system, and simultaneously transmits the state information to the safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network.
5) When the reactor protection and safety monitoring system cannot execute the expected safety function due to the common software failure of the digital processing unit, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of related sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, executes special driving such as emergency shutdown, steam turbine braking, emergency reactor core injection, automatic pressure relief of the reactor and the like, and sends related state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
6) And (3) designing an extended working condition instrument control system to start under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B, receiving state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B in se:Sub>A process monitoring instrument and execution mechanism system, performing logic processing and equipment driving, and sending related state information to se:Sub>A man-machine interface terminal of se:Sub>A control room system for display through se:Sub>A datse:Sub>A display and processing system.
7) The nuclear island ventilation control system, the BOP integrated management control system and the radioactive waste treatment center system are used as auxiliary systems for normal operation of the nuclear power plant, signals of the ventilation instrument and the ventilation equipment, the BOP instrument and the equipment and signals of the radioactive waste treatment instrument and the equipment are received during the operation of the nuclear power plant, corresponding control is realized, and relevant information is sent to a centralized control point of the nuclear island ventilation system, a BOP centralized control room and a radioactive waste treatment center control room for display. For the information which needs to be focused by the operators in the master control room, the nuclear island ventilation control system, the BOP comprehensive management control system and the radioactive waste treatment center control system are sent to a non-security man-machine interface terminal in the control room system for display through a data display and processing system.
For implementing operation maintenance of a nuclear power plant, the signaling process is as follows:
1) The operation data of the power plant is transmitted to the intelligent supervision information system by the data display and processing system and the BOP integrated management and control system. And other operation and maintenance data are collected by the intelligent equipment and sent to the intelligent supervision information system. The intelligent supervision information system uniformly collects, collates, applies, manages and transmits all data required by operation and maintenance of the power plant, and sends the data to the intelligent information center for display.
2) When the power plant operates, the data acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores the state information of the field equipment, transient records are carried out, and when the power plant equipment test is required or the accident process is recalled after the accident, the data acquisition and analysis system provides transient data support.
3) During a overhaul refueling of a nuclear power plant, the fuel handling and storage remote centralized control system collects the status of field devices, such as loading and unloading machines, fuel transfer devices and a bridge crane, sends the status to the fuel handling and storage remote control room, and issues control commands to the field devices.
Claims (20)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system which characterized in that: the system comprises an operation control system and a protection zone instrument control system; the operation control and protection area instrument control system comprises a power plant operation control system, a reactor protection and safety monitoring system, a diversity driving system, a design expansion working condition system, a control room system, a data display and processing system, a process monitoring instrument and execution mechanism system, a power plant radiation monitoring system, a nuclear instrument system and an earthquake instrument system;
Under normal operation conditions, the control room system interacts with the power plant operation control system and the reactor protection and safety monitoring system through the data display and processing system, sends an operation control instruction to the power plant, and receives feedback information of the unit operation state; under the expected operation event and the design reference accident working condition, the control room system interacts with the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, sends emergency shutdown signals and special driving signals, receives unit operation state feedback information, and when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system fails, the diversity driving system automatically triggers shutdown or corresponding special executor action; under the design expansion working condition, the control room system interacts with the design expansion working condition system through the data display and processing system, and receives monitoring information under the design expansion working condition;
the control room system comprises a non-safety-level man-machine interface and a safety-level man-machine interface, and nuclear power plant operation data information is transmitted to a non-safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through a data display and processing system, wherein the safety-level data information is transmitted to the data display and processing system through a safety network and is also transmitted to the safety-level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network;
The system comprises a data display and processing system, a non-safety man-machine interface terminal, a power plant operation control system, a reactor protection and safety monitoring system, a diversity driving system and a design expansion working condition system, wherein the data display and processing system provides a real-time data network, the running state of the nuclear power plant is sent to the non-safety man-machine interface terminal for display through the data display and processing system, and an operator operation instruction is sent to the power plant operation control system, the reactor protection and safety monitoring system and the design expansion working condition system through the data display and processing system;
the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, the power plant radiation monitoring system, the nuclear instrument system and the seismic instrument system provide unit operation state feedback information.
2. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power plant operation control system comprises a power plant automatic start-stop system, a nuclear steam supply control system, a rod control rod position system, a conventional island steam turbine control system, a nuclear island ventilation control system, a BOP comprehensive management control system and a radioactive waste treatment center control system.
3. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system in the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, and sends status information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
4. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the nuclear steam supply control system of the automatic start-stop system of the power plant is automatically controlled in a full power range, receives power plant state signals of the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, realizes reactor power control, voltage stabilizer pressure control, voltage stabilizer water level control and steam generator water level control nuclear condenser steam discharge control according to a control strategy of nuclear steam supply, and corresponding state information is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of a control room system for display through a data display and processing system.
5. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rod position control system performs a rod position measurement function, sends rod position signals to the nuclear instrument system, sends corresponding information to the control room man-machine interface terminal for display, simultaneously, the rod position control system further performs a rod control function, receives rod lifting control signals from the control room system, coordinates movement of rod groups, sends rod moving commands to corresponding driving mechanisms, and feeds back state information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display.
6. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the conventional island steam turbine control system receives the rotating speed and pressure signals of the steam turbine in the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system, performs the control of the speed increasing, the speed increasing and the speed increasing, and sends corresponding state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
7. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the nuclear island ventilation control system is divided into a safety level part and a non-safety level part, the safety level part receives state signals of a safety level ventilation instrument and ventilation equipment, realizes ventilation control of the safety level part of a nuclear island factory building, and sends corresponding state information to a non-safety level and safety level man-machine interface terminal of a control room system for display through a data display and processing system and to a central monitoring point of the nuclear island ventilation system for display; and the unsafe-level part receives state signals of unsafe-level ventilation instruments and ventilation equipment, realizes the ventilation control of the unsafe-level part of the nuclear island factory building, and displays corresponding state information through a central monitoring point of the nuclear island ventilation system.
8. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the BOP comprehensive management and control system receives state information of each sub-process system and equipment of the BOP, sends corresponding state information to a BOP centralized control room for display and control, and sends monitoring information to a control room man-machine interface terminal for display through a data display and processing system.
9. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the radioactive waste treatment center control system receives the monitoring information of the treatment system and equipment thereof in the radioactive waste treatment sub-item, and sends corresponding state information to the radioactive waste treatment center control room for display and control, and the monitoring information is sent to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and treatment system.
10. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives state feedback signals of safety level sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, triggers emergency shutdown when an expected operation event occurs, drives a special safety facility when a design reference accident occurs, and transmits related state information to a non-safety level man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through unidirectional transmission of a safety network and the data display and processing system, and simultaneously transmits the state information to the safety level man-machine interface terminal for display through the safety network.
11. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as set forth in claim 10, wherein: when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system cannot execute the expected safety function due to the common software fault of the digital processing unit, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of related sensors and drivers in the process monitoring instrument and the actuating mechanism system, executes special driving and sends related state information to a man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system.
12. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the design expansion working condition instrument control system is started under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B, receives state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions DEC-A and DEC-B in the process monitoring instrument and executing mechanism system, carries out logic processing and equipment driving, and sends related state information to se:Sub>A man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the datse:Sub>A display and processing system.
13. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system acquire the state information of the bottom layer of the power plant, send the information to the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system and the design expansion working condition instrument control system, and send control signals of the field executor to control the executor.
14. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the system comprises a power plant radiation monitoring system, a seismic instrument system, a power plant operation control system, a data display and processing system, a safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal and a control room system, wherein the power plant radiation monitoring system is used for collecting radiation monitoring data of a nuclear power plant, the seismic instrument system is used for collecting seismic monitoring data, the nuclear instrument system is used for collecting off-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data, the off-pile nuclear measurement and core measurement data are sent to the power plant operation control system, and the safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal is used for displaying the safety level/non-safety level man-machine interface terminal which is sent to the control room system through the data display and processing system.
15. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the system comprises an operation auxiliary area instrument control system, a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system and a control system, wherein the operation auxiliary area instrument control system consists of a data rapid acquisition and analysis system and a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system, and the data rapid acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores field device state information to realize transient recording; the fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system collects field device state information during a overhaul refueling and converts the information into field device control commands.
16. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system of claim 15, wherein: the operation auxiliary area instrument control system comprises an intelligent supervision information system which can collect all production data and production, operation and maintenance data of the nuclear power plant, and data collection and display are achieved.
17. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system of claim 15, wherein: the operation auxiliary area instrument control system obtains power plant operation data from the data display and processing system and the BOP comprehensive management and control system, and obtains auxiliary operation data information from special intelligent equipment.
18. The intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control method is based on the intelligent operation and maintenance-oriented nuclear power plant instrument control system and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system collect information and function executing signals of the bottom layer of the power plant and send the information and function executing signals to the reactor protection and safety monitoring system, the power plant operation control system, the diversity driving system and the design expansion working condition instrument control system;
2) The automatic start-stop system of the power plant receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system at the start-stop stage of the power plant, sends start-stop control signals to corresponding actuators of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system according to a control strategy of automatic start-stop and by combining with a man-machine interface design of a non-safety man-machine interface terminal in the control room system, and sends status information to the man-machine interface terminal of the control room system for display through the data display and processing system;
In the normal operation stage, a nuclear steam supply control system, a rod position control system and a conventional island steam turbine control system receive power plant state signals of a process monitoring instrument and an execution mechanism system, execute nuclear steam control, rod position measurement and control and conventional island steam turbine control functions, and feed corresponding state information back to a control room system through a data display and processing system;
when a predicted operation event and a design reference accident occur, the reactor protection and safety monitoring system receives power plant status signals of the process monitoring instrument and the execution mechanism system, triggers emergency shutdown, drives a special safety facility and transmits and sends related status information to the control room system;
when the reactor protection and safety monitoring system fails and cannot execute the expected safety function, the diversity driving system receives state feedback signals of the process monitoring instrument and the executing mechanism system and executes the special driving command;
under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B, an extended working condition instrument control system is designed to receive state feedback signals of sensors and drivers used under the working conditions of DEC-A and DEC-B in se:Sub>A process monitoring instrument and executing mechanism system, and logic processing and equipment driving are carried out;
During operation of the nuclear power plant, the nuclear island ventilation control system, the BOP integrated management and control system, and the radioactive waste treatment center system receive signals from the ventilation meters and ventilation equipment, the BOP meters and equipment, and the radioactive waste treatment meters and equipment, and implement corresponding controls.
19. The intelligent operation and maintenance oriented nuclear power plant instrument control method as claimed in claim 18, wherein:
the operation data of the power plant is transmitted to an intelligent supervision information system by a data display and processing system and a BOP integrated management and control system, other operation and maintenance data are collected by intelligent equipment and are transmitted to the intelligent supervision information system, and the intelligent supervision information system uniformly collects, collates, applies, manages and transmits all data required by operation and maintenance of the power plant and transmits the data to an intelligent information center for display;
when the power plant operates, the data acquisition and analysis system acquires and stores the state information of the field equipment, transient records are carried out, and when a power plant equipment test is required or an accident process is required to be recalled after the accident, the data acquisition and analysis system provides transient data support;
during a overhaul refueling of a nuclear power plant, a fuel operation and storage remote centralized control system collects the status of the field devices, sends the status to a fuel operation and storage remote control room, and issues control commands to the field devices.
20. A large-scale nuclear power plant based on be oriented to intelligent fortune dimension appearance accuse system, its characterized in that: the system comprises a primary loop system consisting of a nuclear reactor, a pressure vessel (pressure shell), a steam generator, a main circulating pump, a voltage stabilizer, corresponding pipelines and valves, and a secondary loop system consisting of a secondary side of the steam generator, a turbo generator set, a condenser, a water supply pump, corresponding pipelines and valves; and the instrument control system is used for controlling and monitoring the operation process of the primary loop system and the secondary loop system, and is an intelligent operation and maintenance oriented instrument control system of the nuclear power plant.
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