CN116771273B - High-short-circuit cutting stone blasting excavation method - Google Patents
High-short-circuit cutting stone blasting excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116771273B CN116771273B CN202310744883.6A CN202310744883A CN116771273B CN 116771273 B CN116771273 B CN 116771273B CN 202310744883 A CN202310744883 A CN 202310744883A CN 116771273 B CN116771273 B CN 116771273B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway construction, and particularly relates to a blasting excavation method for a high-short-circuit cutting stone, which comprises the following steps: s1, cleaning a working surface: before blasting construction is carried out on the gradient, firstly, soil on the surface of a construction area is cleaned by using excavating equipment, so that the thickness of the soil on the rock is not more than 50mm; s2, drilling and marking: the constructor marks the direction of the drilled hole and the initial drilling point, then aligns the traveling direction of the drilling equipment with the drilling direction marked in advance, and adjusts the initial position of the drilling equipment. The invention can automatically detect the hardness of the excavated rock while digging holes, can mark the rocks with different hardness in different colors, assists constructors in judging the dosage of explosive to be filled, and automatically adjusts the arrangement density of blastholes according to the hardness of the rocks and the distance between the safety detonator and the blasting area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway construction, and particularly relates to a blasting excavation method for a high-short-circuit cutting stone.
Background
When railway cutting excavates, in order to improve excavation efficiency, generally adopt the method of stone blasting to construct ground, current stone blasting has following shortcoming when using:
firstly, since cutting construction is usually carried out in a hillside area, a large amount of rocks are arranged on a half hillside, during blasting construction, a plurality of holes are required to be drilled on the rocks, then explosives and detonators are filled in the holes, and due to different hardness degrees of the rocks on the hillside, only a small amount of explosives are required to be filled during blasting of the rocks with lower hardness, and during blasting of the rocks with higher hardness, the dosage of the explosives is required to be increased and the density of blastholes is required to be improved, in actual operation, an old master with abundant experience is generally required to operate, but sometimes the old master can judge errors, primary blasting does not reach standards, secondary blasting is required, and thus the excavation efficiency of cutting is affected;
secondly, when blasting in a construction area, a constructor is usually required to detonate the explosive from the construction area by a distance of three hundred meters, but when blasting the rock with higher hardness, the dosage of the explosive is required to be increased, so that the damage range of the explosive is increased, if the constructor still keeps the distance of three hundred meters, the risk of being damaged by broken stone exists, and if the detonation distance is too far, the waste of the lead is caused.
Therefore, we propose a high short-circuit cutting blasting excavation method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a blasting excavation method for a high-short cut stone.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the blasting excavation method for the high-short-circuit rock cutting comprises the following steps of:
s1, cleaning a working surface: before blasting construction is carried out on the gradient, firstly, soil on the surface of a construction area is cleaned by using excavating equipment, so that the thickness of the soil on the rock is not more than 50mm;
s2, drilling and marking: marking the drilling direction and the initial drilling point by constructors, aligning the travelling direction of drilling equipment with the drilling direction marked in advance, adjusting the initial position of the drilling equipment, aligning the drill bit of the drilling equipment with the initial drilling point, drilling for the first time, detecting the hardness of rock below while drilling, spraying paint with different colors for marking after encountering rock with different hardness, and automatically adjusting the moving distance of the drilling equipment to the next drilling hole;
s3, drilling and checking: checking the depth and angle of the drilling holes by using a gun barrel, and trimming or reselecting the position drilling holes of the drilling holes which do not reach the standard;
s4, drilling and charging: placing a cartridge into a borehole, placing 3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole without color marks, placing 3.3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with green marks, placing 3.6kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with yellow marks, placing 4kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with red marks, and plugging a detonator into the upper third of the cartridge, and then lightly pressing the cartridge into the bottom of the borehole with a gun stick;
s5, filling: filling the drilling hole by clay to form a filling section, and lightly tamping by a gun rod;
s6, connecting a blasting network: after all the drill holes are charged and filled, connecting the detonator wires into a blasting network, and then connecting the blasting network to a detonation circuit;
s7, safety protection: according to the color mark, a steel plate safety house with the thickness of 2cm is erected at a position far from the blasting area, the steel plate safety house is not lower than 300m from the blasting area without the color mark, has green marks, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 330m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 400m, and the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360 m;
s8, detonation preparation and detonation: starting to give up 30 minutes before detonating, evacuating personnel and vehicles in a detonating area to a safe area, then enabling the detonating personnel to reach a detonating point, and under the condition that the detonating work is confirmed to be correct, after a detonating command is received at a preset time, connecting a detonating wire into the detonating device to finish detonating operation;
above-mentioned drilling equipment for drilling includes the mount pad, the lower lateral wall of mount pad is equipped with electronic track, the right side wall fixedly connected with slope of mount pad sets up the mount, the last lateral wall fixedly connected with roof of mount, the lower lateral wall fixedly connected with bottom plate of mount, be connected with drilling mechanism through actuating mechanism between roof and the bottom plate, the last lateral wall fixedly connected with marking mechanism and the induction system of mount pad.
Preferably, the induction mechanism comprises an induction box and an air pump, the induction box is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the mounting seat, the air pump is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box, the air outlet end of the air pump is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box, a one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet end of the air pump, a through hole is formed in the right side wall of the induction box, a rubber plug with a micro-hole is arranged on the surface in the through hole, an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the through hole, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the exhaust pipe, a fixed ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the induction box, a piston plate is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the fixed ring, two bending plates are fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box, three short bending plates are fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the induction box, a second pressing switch is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the top plate, one end of the second pressing switch is electrically connected to an external power supply, the other end of the second pressing switch is electrically connected to the upper bending plate, the second pressing switch is electrically connected to the lower bending plate through a timing switch and the lower bending plate, the electric motor is electrically connected to the long bending plates, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the second driving circuit.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a first motor and a threaded rod, the first motor is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the top plate, the threaded rod is rotationally connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, the output end of the first motor and the upper end of the threaded rod are fixedly connected, a threaded cylinder is sleeved on the threaded wall of the threaded rod, the right side wall of the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected with a lifting plate, the left side wall of the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected with a wheel frame, the inner wall of the wheel frame is rotationally connected with a conductive wheel, the conductive wheel is electrically connected with an external power supply, the upper side wall of the conductive wheel is sleeved with an insulating layer, the right side wall of the conductive wheel is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two limiting blocks, the inner wall of the wheel frame is fixedly connected with a stop block, a chute is formed in the right side wall of the fixing frame, a conductive block and a conductive plate are embedded in the chute, and the conductive block and the air pump are electrically connected, and the conductive plate and the electromagnetic valve are electrically connected.
Preferably, the drilling mechanism comprises a second motor and a rotating column, the second motor is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the lifting plate, the rotating column is rotationally connected to the lower side wall of the lifting plate, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating column, a sleeve is arranged on the lower end sliding sleeve of the rotating column, two guide plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, two guide grooves matched with the guide plates are formed in the rod wall of the rotating column, the lower end of the rotating column is located in the sleeve and is fixedly connected with a lifting block, two springs are fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting block on the opposite side of the sleeve, a metal plate is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the lifting block, a resistor plate is embedded in the right side inner wall of the sleeve, the metal plate is electrically connected with an external power supply through an electromagnetic switch, the upper end of the resistor plate is electrically connected to a forward circuit of a first motor, the lower side wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a drilling head, the outer wall of the drilling head is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve through a positioning bolt, and the right side wall of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with a first delay switch and a first relay is electrically connected to a first relay through a delay switch.
Preferably, the marking mechanism comprises a paint box and three paint pumps, the paint box is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the mounting seat, two baffle plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the paint box, the interior of the paint box is divided into three paint rooms by the baffle plates, the three paint pumps are respectively and fixedly connected to the bottom walls of the three paint rooms, a spray cavity is formed in the bottom plate, the lower side wall of the spray cavity is communicated with a plurality of spray heads, the three discharge ends of the paint pumps are respectively extended out of the paint rooms, spray pipes are fixedly communicated with the lower ends of the spray pipes are respectively communicated with the spray cavities, one-way valves are arranged on the inner walls of the spray pipes, and the three short guide plates are respectively and electrically connected with the three paint pumps.
Preferably, the inner wall of three paint room is equal fixedly connected with ring canal, and two adjacent ring canal intercommunicates, a plurality of gas outlets have been seted up to the upper side wall of ring canal, the fixed intercommunication of the end of giving vent to anger of air pump has outer pipe, the right-hand member of outer pipe runs through the lateral wall of paint case and communicates with left side ring canal, be equipped with the solenoid valve in the outer pipe, the upside intercommunication of paint room has the gas release pipe.
Preferably, the upper side wall of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a handle, the side wall of the handle is fixedly connected with a control button, and the control button is electrically connected with the metal plate and the second motor.
Preferably, the same guide rod is fixedly connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the side wall of the lifting plate is provided with guide holes matched with the guide rods.
Compared with the prior art, the high-short-circuit cutting rock blasting excavation method has the advantages that:
1. through mount pad, electronic track, mount, roof, bottom plate, actuating mechanism, drilling mechanism, marking mechanism and induction system that set up, can be when carrying out the hole dig, automated inspection excavates the hardness of rock to can carry out the mark of different colours to the rock of different hardness, assist constructor to judge the dose that needs to pack the explosive, and the distance of safe detonator apart from the blasting region carries out abundant blasting to the rock under the prerequisite of guaranteeing construction safety.
2. Through the electric caterpillar band and the induction mechanism that set up, can be when drilling, according to the hardness of rock automatic to the arrangement density of porthole adjust, do not need the manual work to measure and cloth the hole, when guaranteeing the porthole arrangement density, also reduced constructor's work load.
3. Through sliding sleeve and the second push switch that set up, can be according to the user demand, adjust the drilling depth of big gun hole to improved drilling equipment's application scope, adjustment method is simple moreover, has improved constructor's convenience of use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for cutting a high-short-circuit rock by blasting;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in the high-short-circuit cutting blasting excavation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sleeve in the high-short-cut rock blasting excavation method provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a position relationship between a first press switch and a sliding sleeve in the high-short-cut rock blasting excavation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction mechanism in the high-short-cut rock blasting excavation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a marking mechanism in the high-short-cut rock blasting excavation method provided by the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a bottom plate in the high-short-cut rock blasting excavation method provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1 mount, 2 electric crawler, 3 mount, 4 top plate, 5 bottom plate, 6 driving mechanism, 61 first motor, 62 threaded rod, 7 threaded cylinder, 8 lifting plate, 9 wheel frame, 10 conductive wheel, 11 insulating layer, 12 stopper, 13 stopper, 14 chute, 15 conductive block, 16 conductive plate, 17 drilling mechanism, 171 second motor, 172 rotary column, 18 sleeve, 19 guide plate, 20 lifting block, 21 metal plate, 22 resistive plate, 23 electromagnetic switch, 24 drilling head, 25 sliding sleeve, 26 first push switch, 27 marking mechanism, 271 paint box, 272 paint pump, 28 baffle plate, 29 paint chamber, 30 spray cavity, 31 spray nozzle, 32 spray pipe, 33 sensing mechanism, 331 sensing box, 332 air pump, 34 through hole, 35 rubber plug, 36 exhaust pipe, 37 fixed ring, 38 piston plate, 39 bent plate, 40 long guide plate, 41 short guide plate, 42 second push switch, 43 annular pipe, 44 external connection pipe, 45 air release pipe, 47 handle, 48 control button, 49 guide rod, 50 guide hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the blasting excavation method for the high short-circuit cutting stone comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning a working surface: before blasting construction is carried out on the gradient, firstly, soil on the surface of a construction area is cleaned by using excavating equipment, so that the thickness of the soil on the rock is not more than 50mm;
s2, drilling and marking: the method comprises the steps that constructors mark the drilling direction and an initial drilling point by using a total station or a GPS, align the advancing direction of drilling equipment with the drilling direction marked in advance, adjust the initial position of the drilling equipment, align a drill bit of the drilling equipment with the initial drilling point, drill holes for the first time, detect the hardness of rocks below when drilling, spray paint with different colors for marking after encountering rocks with different hardness, and automatically adjust the moving distance of the drilling equipment to the next drilling hole;
s3, drilling and checking: checking the depth and angle of the drilling holes by using a gun barrel, and trimming or reselecting the position drilling holes of the drilling holes which do not reach the standard;
s4, drilling and charging: placing a cartridge into a borehole, placing 3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole without color marks, placing 3.3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with green marks, placing 3.6kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with yellow marks, placing 4kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with red marks, and plugging a detonator into the upper third of the cartridge, and then lightly pressing the cartridge into the bottom of the borehole with a gun stick;
s5, filling: filling the drilling hole by clay to form a filling section, and lightly tamping by a gun rod;
s6, connecting a blasting network: after filling all the holes, connecting the detonator wires into a blasting network, and then connecting the blasting network to a detonation circuit;
s7, safety protection: according to the color mark, a steel plate safety house with the thickness of 2cm is erected at a position far from the blasting area, the steel plate safety house is not lower than 300m from the blasting area without the color mark, has green marks, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 330m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 400m, and the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360 m;
s8, detonation preparation and detonation: starting to give up 30 minutes before detonating, evacuating personnel and vehicles in a detonating area to a safe area, then enabling the detonating personnel to reach a detonating point, and under the condition that the detonating work is confirmed to be correct, after a detonating command is received at a preset time, connecting a detonating wire into the detonating device to finish detonating operation;
the drilling equipment for drilling comprises a mounting seat 1, wherein an electric caterpillar 2 is arranged on the lower side wall of the mounting seat 1, a fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected with the right side wall of the mounting seat 1, the upper side wall of the fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected with a top plate 4, the lower side wall of the fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 5, a drilling mechanism 17 is connected between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 through a driving mechanism 6, and a marking mechanism 27 and an induction mechanism 33 are fixedly connected with the upper side wall of the mounting seat 1.
The induction mechanism 33 comprises an induction box 331 and an air pump 332, the induction box 331 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the mounting seat 1, the air pump 332 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box 331, the air outlet end of the air pump 332 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box 331, a one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet end of the air pump 332, a through hole 34 is formed in the right side wall of the induction box 331, a rubber plug 35 with micropores is arranged on the surface in the through hole 34, an exhaust pipe 36 is fixedly connected to the through hole 34, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the exhaust pipe 36, a fixed ring 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the induction box 331, a piston plate 38 is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the fixed ring 37 through a spring, two bending plates 39 are fixedly connected to the left side wall of the piston plate 38, a long guide plate 40 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box 331, three short guide plates 41 are fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the induction box 331, a second pressing switch 42 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the top plate 4, one end of the second pressing switch 42 is electrically connected to an external power supply, the other end of the second pressing switch 42 is electrically connected to the upper bending plate 39, and the second pressing switch 39 is electrically connected to the second bending plate 39 through a timing switch and the lower bending plate 39, the second electric motor 40 is electrically connected to the long guide plate 40 and the electric motor 2, and the second pressing switch is electrically connected to the second driving circuit, and the second driving circuit is electrically connected to the second pressing circuit, and the fourth driving circuit.
The driving mechanism 6 comprises a first motor 61 and a threaded rod 62, the first motor 61 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the top plate 4, the threaded rod 62 is rotationally connected between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5, the output end of the first motor 61 and the upper end of the threaded rod 62 are fixedly connected, a threaded cylinder 7 is sleeved on the rod wall of the threaded rod 62, the right side wall of the threaded cylinder 7 is fixedly connected with a lifting plate 8, the left side wall of the threaded cylinder 7 is fixedly connected with a wheel frame 9, the inner wall of the wheel frame 9 is rotationally connected with a conductive wheel 10, the conductive wheel 10 is electrically connected with an external power supply, the upper side wall of the conductive wheel 10 is sleeved with an insulating layer 11, the right side wall of the conductive wheel 10 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two limiting blocks 12, the inner wall of the wheel frame 9 is fixedly connected with a stop block 13, a chute 14 is formed in the right side wall of the fixed frame 3, a conductive block 15 and a conductive plate 16 are embedded in the chute 14, the conductive block 15 is electrically connected with an air pump 332, the conductive plate 16 is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve, and the lifting plate 8 can be controlled to move up and down.
The drilling mechanism 17 comprises a second motor 171 and a rotating column 172, the second motor 171 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the lifting plate 8, the rotating column 172 is rotatably connected to the lower side wall of the lifting plate 8, the output end of the second motor 171 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating column 172, a sleeve 18 is arranged on the lower end sliding sleeve of the rotating column 172, two guide plates 19 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 18, two guide grooves matched with the guide plates 19 are formed in the rod wall of the rotating column 172, the lower end of the rotating column 172 is located in the sleeve 18 and fixedly connected with a lifting block 20, two springs are fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting block 20 on the opposite side to the sleeve 18, a metal plate 21 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the lifting block 20, a resistor plate 22 is embedded in the right side inner wall of the sleeve 18, the metal plate 21 is electrically connected to an external power supply through an electromagnetic switch 23, a drilling head 24 is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the sleeve 18, the outer wall of the drilling head 24 is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve 25 through a positioning bolt, the right side wall of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the first delay switch 26, and the first relay 26 is electrically connected to the first relay 23 through the electromagnetic switch 61 in a reverse direction, and the first relay circuit 61 can be electrically connected to the first relay 23.
The marking mechanism 27 comprises a paint box 271 and three paint pumps 272, the paint box 271 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the mounting seat 1, two baffle plates 28 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the paint box 271, the interior of the paint box 271 is divided into three paint chambers 29 by the baffle plates 28, the three paint pumps 272 are respectively and fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the three paint chambers 29, a spray cavity 30 is formed in the bottom plate 5, the lower side wall of the spray cavity 30 is communicated with a plurality of spray heads 31, the discharge ends of the three paint pumps 272 extend out of the paint chambers 29, spray pipes 32 are fixedly communicated, the lower ends of the three spray pipes 32 are communicated with the spray cavity 30, one-way valves are arranged on the inner walls of the spray pipes 32, three short guide plates 41 are respectively and electrically connected with the three paint pumps 272, different colors of marks can be carried out on rocks with different hardness, and the hardness of the rocks are respectively green, yellow and red from low to high.
The inner wall of three paint room 29 all fixedly connected with ring canal 43, two adjacent ring canal 43 communicate each other, a plurality of gas outlets have been seted up to the upper sidewall of ring canal 43, the fixed intercommunication of gas outlet end of air pump 332 has outer pipe 44, the right-hand member of outer pipe 44 runs through the lateral wall of paint box 271 and communicates with left side ring canal 43, be equipped with the solenoid valve in the outer pipe 44, the upside intercommunication of paint room 29 has bleed pipe 45, solenoid valve and electrically conductive piece 15 electric connection, when air pump 332 during operation, can carry some gas into paint room 29 in, when gas is discharged from ring canal 43, can form individual tiny bubbles, can carry out certain stirring to the paint.
The upper side wall of the mounting seat 1 is fixedly connected with a handle 47, the side wall of the handle 47 is fixedly connected with a control button 48, the control button 48 is electrically connected with the metal plate 21 and the second motor 171, and the metal plate 21 and external current can be communicated through the control button 48.
The same guide rod 49 is fixedly connected between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5, the guide holes 50 matched with the guide rod 49 are formed in the side wall of the lifting plate 8, and the threaded cylinder 7 is prevented from rotating through the mutual matching of the guide rod 49 and the guide holes 50, so that the threaded cylinder 7 can only move up and down.
The principle of operation of the present invention will now be described as follows: when drilling the rock, firstly, the drilling equipment is moved to a construction area, the drilling head 24 is aligned to an initial drilling point, then the control button 48 is pressed to work, the control button 48 can control the second motor 171 to work, and the control button 48 can transmit external current to the metal plate 21 through the electromagnetic switch 23, the internal contact of the electromagnetic switch 23 is in a normally closed state, the circulation of the current can be ensured, the external current flows to the first motor 61 through the upper end of the resistance plate 22, the first motor 61 is a gear motor, the first motor 61 drives the threaded rod 62 to rotate, the threaded cylinder 7 is driven to move downwards through threaded fit, the threaded cylinder 7 drives the conductive wheel 10 to move downwards through the wheel frame 9, when the conductive wheel 10 moves downwards, the metal part of the conductive wheel 10 is firstly contacted with the conductive block 15 under the action of the upper limiting block 12 and the stop block 13, the conductive wheel 10 is electrically connected with an external power supply, the conductive block 15 is electrically connected with the air pump 332, the air pump 332 conveys the external air cylinder to the right side of the piston plate 38 in the induction box 331, so that the air pressure on the right side of the piston plate 38 is increased, the piston moves leftwards to a set position, the conductive wheel 10 moves downwards continuously, the conductive wheel 10 is separated from the conductive block 15, the circuit of the air pump 332 is disconnected, the conductive wheel 10 contacts with the conductive plate 16, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve in the exhaust pipe 36 is communicated, the exhaust pipe 36 is opened, the air in the induction box 331 is discharged out of the induction box 331 through the micro holes on the surface of the rubber plug 35 and the exhaust pipe 36, the piston plate 38 drives the two bending plates 39 to move rightwards, the drilling head 24 is just inserted into the rock of the initial drilling point while the conductive wheel 10 contacts with the conductive plate 16, the drilling head 24 can drill holes on the upper surface of the rock, after the drilling head 24 contacts with the rock, the rock will squeeze the drill head 24 and the sleeve 18, so that the sleeve 18 moves upwards to a certain position, the metal plate 21 and the resistance plate 22 will displace relatively, when the hardness of the rock is harder, the resistance force applied by the drill head 24 is larger, the distance between the metal plate 21 and the resistance plate 22 is longer, the upper end of the resistance plate 22 is electrically connected with the forward circuit of the first motor 61, when the resistance in the first motor 61 is larger, the current in the first motor 61 is smaller, the rotation speed of the first motor 61 is slower, the downward movement speed of the drill head 24 and the conductive wheel 10 is slower, the contact time between the metal wheel and the conductive plate 16 is longer, the opening time of the electromagnetic valve in the exhaust pipe 36 is longer, the more gas is exhausted in the induction box 331, the rightward movement position of the piston plate 38 is longer, until the first push switch 26 contacts the ground, the first push switch 26 is electrically connected with the electromagnetic switch 23 and the reverse circuit of the first motor 61 through a power-off delay relay, the first push switch 26 is electrically connected with the reverse circuit of the first motor 61 through the second push switch 42, when the first push switch 26 is triggered, the magnetic component in the electromagnetic switch 23 attracts the elastic component to separate the two contact heads, namely, the current of the forward circuit of the first motor 61 can be disconnected, the first motor 61 can be controlled to reversely rotate, when the first motor 61 reversely rotates, the lifting plate 8 drives the conductive wheel 10 and the drilling head 24 to move upwards, when the conductive wheel 10 moves upwards, the conductive wheel 10 rotates anticlockwise, the insulating layer 11 is contacted with the conductive plate 16 and the conductive block 15 through the mutual matching of the lower limit block 12 and the stop block 13, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve in the exhaust pipe 36 is disconnected, the exhaust pipe 36 is closed, the piston plate 38 can immediately stop moving, when the rock is not hard enough, the lower bent plate 39 will stay in the left blank area, when the rock has certain hardness, the bent plate 39 will stay above the leftmost short guide plate 41, similarly, according to the hardness of the rock, the bent plate 39 will stay above different short guide plates 41, when the lifting plate 8 contacts with the second pressing switch 42, the reverse circuit of the first motor 61 will be immediately disconnected, the first motor 61 stops working, when the second pressing switch 42 is pressed, the second pressing switch 42 will continue to open the electromagnetic valve in the exhaust pipe 36, the gas in the induction box 331 is emptied, the second pressing switch 42 is electrically connected with the lower bent plate 39 through the timing switch, the lower bent plate 39 is continuously electrified for two seconds through the timing controller, the three short guide plates 41 are electrically connected with the three paint pumps 272 one by one, the three paint spray chambers 29 are sequentially placed with green, yellow and red from left to right, when the rock is not hard enough, no paint is sprayed out, after the rock has a certain hardness, the lower bent plate 39 contacts with the left short guide plate 41, so that a circuit of the left paint pump 272 is communicated, the left paint pump 272 works for two seconds, the left paint pump 272 sprays green paint in the left paint room 29 to the vicinity of a drill hole, paint sprays of different colors according to the hardness of the rock, red represents the highest hardness of the rock, different weight cartridges are selectively placed according to color marks, 3kg of cartridges are placed in the drill hole without the color marks, 3.3kg of cartridges are placed in the drill hole with the green marks, 3.6kg of cartridges are placed in the drill hole with the yellow marks, 4kg of cartridges are placed in the drill hole with the red marks, and a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm is safely erected at a position far away from a blasting area according to the color marks, the method is characterized in that the color mark is not lower than 300m of the steel plate safety house distance explosion area, the green mark is arranged, the steel plate safety house distance explosion area is not lower than 330m, the yellow mark is arranged, the steel plate safety house distance explosion area is not lower than 360m, the red mark is arranged, and the steel plate safety house distance explosion area is not lower than 400m;
when the upper bending plate 39 moves, the bending plate 39 contacts with the upper long guide plate 40, so that a circuit of the electric crawler 2 is communicated, the electric crawler 2 drives the equipment to move to the next drilling point, when the hardness of rock is low, more gas remains in the induction box 331, the position where the upper bending plate 39 stays is left, when the upper bending plate 39 is deflated through the exhaust pipe 36, the moving time of the bending plate 39 is long, the contact time of the bending plate 39 and the long guide plate 40 is long, the moving distance of the equipment is long, so that the distribution of blastholes is sparse, and similarly, when the rock is hard, the moving distance of the equipment is short, the distribution of blastholes is dense, the arrangement density of blastholes can be automatically adjusted according to the hardness of the rock, measurement and hole distribution are not needed, and the workload of constructors is reduced while the arrangement density of blastholes is ensured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-short-circuit cutting stone blasting excavation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, cleaning a working surface: before blasting construction is carried out on the gradient, firstly, soil on the surface of a construction area is cleaned by using excavating equipment, so that the thickness of the soil on the rock is not more than 50mm;
s2, drilling and marking: marking the drilling direction and the initial drilling point by constructors, aligning the travelling direction of drilling equipment with the drilling direction marked in advance, adjusting the initial position of the drilling equipment, aligning the drill bit of the drilling equipment with the initial drilling point, drilling for the first time, detecting the hardness of rock below while drilling, spraying paint with different colors for marking after encountering rock with different hardness, and automatically adjusting the moving distance of the drilling equipment to the next drilling hole;
s3, drilling and checking: checking the depth and angle of the drilling holes by using a gun barrel, and trimming or reselecting the position drilling holes of the drilling holes which do not reach the standard;
s4, drilling and charging: placing a cartridge into a borehole, placing 3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole without color marks, placing 3.3kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with green marks, placing 3.6kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with yellow marks, placing 4kg of a cartridge with a weight in the borehole with red marks, and plugging a detonator into the upper third of the cartridge, and then lightly pressing the cartridge into the bottom of the borehole with a gun stick;
s5, filling: filling the drilling hole by clay to form a filling section, and lightly tamping by a gun rod;
s6, connecting a blasting network: after all the drill holes are charged and filled, connecting the detonator wires into a blasting network, and then connecting the blasting network to a detonation circuit;
s7, safety protection: according to the color mark, a steel plate safety house with the thickness of 2cm is erected at a position far from the blasting area, the steel plate safety house is not lower than 300m from the blasting area without the color mark, has green marks, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 330m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360m, the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 400m, and the distance between the steel plate safety house and the blasting area is not lower than 360 m;
s8, detonation preparation and detonation: starting to give up 30 minutes before detonating, evacuating personnel and vehicles in a detonating area to a safe area, then enabling the detonating personnel to reach a detonating point, and under the condition that the detonating work is confirmed to be correct, after a detonating command is received at a preset time, connecting a detonating wire into the detonating device to finish detonating operation;
above-mentioned drilling equipment for drilling includes mount pad (1), the lower lateral wall of mount pad (1) is equipped with electronic track (2), the right side wall fixedly connected with slope of mount pad (1) sets up mount (3), the last lateral wall fixedly connected with roof (4) of mount (3), the lower lateral wall fixedly connected with bottom plate (5) of mount (3), be connected with drilling mechanism (17) through actuating mechanism (6) between roof (4) and bottom plate (5), the last lateral wall fixedly connected with marking mechanism (27) and induction system (33) of mount pad (1).
2. The blasting excavation method for high-short-circuit rock cutting according to claim 1, wherein the induction mechanism (33) comprises an induction box (331) and an air pump (332), the induction box (331) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the installation seat (1), the air pump (332) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the induction box (331), the air outlet end of the air pump (332) is fixedly communicated with the upper side wall of the induction box (331), a one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet end of the air pump (332), a through hole (34) is formed in the right side wall of the induction box (331), a rubber plug (35) with micropores is arranged on the surface is placed in the through hole (34), an exhaust pipe (36) is fixedly connected to the through hole (34), an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the exhaust pipe (36), a fixed ring (37) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the induction box (331), the left side wall of the fixed ring (37) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (38) through a spring, the left side wall of the piston plate (38) is fixedly connected to two bending plates (39), the inner wall of the induction box (331) is fixedly connected to the second side wall (42), the second side (42) is fixedly connected to the second side (42) of the upper side (331) and the second side (42) is fixedly connected to the third side (42), the other end of the second pressing switch (42) is electrically connected with the upper bending plate (39), and is electrically connected with the lower bending plate (39) through the timing switch, the long guide plate (40) is electrically connected with a positive circuit of the driving motor in the electric crawler belt (2), and the second pressing switch (42) is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve.
3. The blasting excavation method for high-short-circuit rock cutting according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism (6) comprises a first motor (61) and a threaded rod (62), the first motor (61) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the top plate (4), the threaded rod (62) is rotatably connected between the top plate (4) and the bottom plate (5), the output end of the first motor (61) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod (62), a threaded cylinder (7) is sleeved on the rod wall of the threaded rod (62), the right side wall of the threaded cylinder (7) is fixedly connected with a lifting plate (8), the left side wall of the threaded cylinder (7) is fixedly connected with a wheel frame (9), the inner wall of the wheel frame (9) is rotatably connected with a conductive wheel (10), the conductive wheel (10) is electrically connected with an external power supply, the upper side wall of the conductive wheel (10) is sleeved with an insulating layer (11), the right side wall of the conductive wheel (10) is symmetrically fixedly connected with two limiting blocks (12), the inner wall of the wheel frame (9) is fixedly connected with a lifting plate (8), the conductive block (14) is embedded with a chute (15), the inner side wall (15) is embedded with a chute (15), and the chute (14) is embedded in the chute (15), the conducting plate (16) is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve.
4. The blasting excavation method for high-short-circuit rock according to claim 3, wherein the drilling mechanism (17) comprises a second motor (171) and a rotary column (172), the second motor (171) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the lifting plate (8), the rotary column (172) is rotatably connected to the lower side wall of the lifting plate (8), the output end of the second motor (171) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotary column (172), the lower end sliding sleeve of the rotary column (172) is provided with a sleeve (18), the inner wall of the sleeve (18) is fixedly connected with two guide plates (19), the rod wall of the rotary column (172) is provided with two guide grooves matched with the guide plates (19), the lower end of the rotary column (172) is positioned in the sleeve (18) and is fixedly connected with a lifting block (20), the right side wall of the lifting block (20) is fixedly connected with two springs, the right side wall of the lifting block (20) is fixedly connected with a metal plate (21), the inner wall of the sleeve (18) is fixedly connected with a positive electric resistor (22) and the outer side wall of the sleeve (22) is electrically connected to the upper side wall (24) of the electric resistor (22), the outer wall of the drilling head (24) is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve (25) through a positioning bolt, the right side wall of the sliding sleeve (25) is fixedly connected with a first pressing switch (26), and the first pressing switch (26) is electrically connected with the electromagnetic switch (23) and a reverse circuit of the first motor (61) through a power-off delay relay.
5. The blasting excavation method for the high-short-circuit rock cutting side according to claim 2, wherein the marking mechanism (27) comprises a paint box (271) and three paint pumps (272), the paint box (271) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the mounting seat (1), two baffle plates (28) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the paint box (271), the interior of the paint box (271) is divided into three paint chambers (29) by the baffle plates (28), the three paint pumps (272) are respectively and fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the three paint chambers (29), a spray cavity (30) is formed in the bottom plate (5), a plurality of spray heads (31) are communicated to the lower side wall of the spray cavity (30), the discharge ends of the three paint pumps (272) extend out of the paint chambers (29), a spray pipe (32) is fixedly communicated to the lower ends of the three spray pipes (32) and are respectively and electrically connected with the three paint pumps (272), one-way valves are arranged on the inner wall of the spray pipe (32).
6. The blasting excavation method of high-short-circuit rock cutting according to claim 5, wherein the inner walls of three paint rooms (29) are fixedly connected with annular pipes (43), two adjacent annular pipes (43) are mutually communicated, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the upper side wall of each annular pipe (43), an outer connecting pipe (44) is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of each air pump (332), the right end of each outer connecting pipe (44) penetrates through the side wall of a paint box (271) and is communicated with the annular pipe (43) on the left side, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in each outer connecting pipe (44), and an air release pipe (45) is communicated with the upper side of the paint room (29).
7. The blasting excavation method of high-short-circuit rock according to claim 4, wherein a handle (47) is fixedly connected to an upper side wall of the mounting seat (1), a control button (48) is fixedly connected to a side wall of the handle (47), and the control button (48) is electrically connected to the metal plate (21) and the second motor (171).
8. A blasting excavation method for high-short-circuit rock according to claim 3, wherein the same guide rod (49) is fixedly connected between the top plate (4) and the bottom plate (5), and guide holes (50) matched with the guide rod (49) are formed in the side wall of the lifting plate (8).
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104848753A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-19 | 中铁二十五局集团第一工程有限公司 | Rock blasting control construction method implemented near existing railway line |
| CN107063014A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽江南***工程有限公司 | Cutting shallow hole step controlled blasting slope cutting method in complex environment |
| CN110553557A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-12-10 | 广西长长路桥建设有限公司 | Rocky cutting blasting construction method |
| CN113739656A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 中建八局第一建设有限公司 | Stone blasting excavation method under deep foundation pit supporting beam |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3144465B1 (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2020-06-24 | Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy | Apparatus, rock drilling rig and method for rock drilling |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104848753A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-19 | 中铁二十五局集团第一工程有限公司 | Rock blasting control construction method implemented near existing railway line |
| CN107063014A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽江南***工程有限公司 | Cutting shallow hole step controlled blasting slope cutting method in complex environment |
| CN110553557A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-12-10 | 广西长长路桥建设有限公司 | Rocky cutting blasting construction method |
| CN113739656A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 中建八局第一建设有限公司 | Stone blasting excavation method under deep foundation pit supporting beam |
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