CN116765489B - Ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter - Google Patents
Ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN116765489B CN116765489B CN202311077226.7A CN202311077226A CN116765489B CN 116765489 B CN116765489 B CN 116765489B CN 202311077226 A CN202311077226 A CN 202311077226A CN 116765489 B CN116765489 B CN 116765489B
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tungsten Chemical compound [Co].[W] JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter, which comprises a front end zigzag cutting part, a middle side blade and a rear section clamping part which are connected; the front end cutting part is of a ball head structure, and the outer surfaces of the front end milling part and the middle side edge are uniformly provided with a plurality of cutting edges which are equal in number and are sequentially and smoothly connected; the front end milling part cutting edge is distributed with a plurality of bottom edge minor cutting edges which are parallel to each other, and side edge minor cutting edges which are equal in number with the bottom edge minor cutting edges and perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edges, wherein the included angle between the bottom edge minor cutting edges and the axis of the cutter is equal to the forward inclination angle of the cutter in the cutting process. The invention relates to the technical field of milling and processing weak-rigidity thin-wall parts, which has the beneficial effects that radial cutting force generated by a cutter can be reduced in the processing of thin-wall parts such as blades and the like, and chatter vibration generated by insufficient rigidity of a workpiece can be effectively restrained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of milling weak-rigidity thin-wall parts, in particular to a ball end mill for inhibiting blade processing flutter.
Background
The impeller and the blades are the most important core components in the steam turbine, the gas turbine and the aeroengine, and higher requirements on the precision and the surface quality of the impeller and the blades are also provided for meeting the service requirements of the impeller and the blades on high reliability, long service life and the like under extremely complex environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed, high load and the like. The impeller and the blades are thin-wall structural members, the material removal rate in the processing process is as high as more than 90%, the weak rigidity and dynamic characteristic change in the processing are large, the problems of deformation and flutter are very easy to occur under the influence of cutting force and cutting heat, the processing and the precision and the surface quality of the impeller and the blades are difficult to ensure, and the integral performance and the service life of an engine are seriously influenced. Milling force is a main cause of deformation and vibration of a thin-wall part and generating machining errors, two common methods for avoiding vibration in current researches are adopted, one method is to establish a dynamic model for stability analysis, and appropriate machining parameters are selected for reducing cutting force in a machining area with weak rigidity and poor stability. The other is to monitor the machining process on line, and when the chatter trend in the machining system is found, the machining parameters are adjusted, and the cutting force is reduced, so that the chatter is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the progress and the surface quality are affected by the vibration easily occurring in the processing of the existing impeller, blade and other thin-wall parts, the invention provides a ball end milling cutter for inhibiting the vibration of blade processing.
The invention discloses a ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter, which belongs to a cutter and comprises a front end zigzag cutting part, a middle side blade and a rear section clamping part which are connected.
The front end cutting part is of a ball head structure, and the outer surfaces of the front end milling part and the middle side edge are uniformly provided with cutting edges K and cutting edges K which are equal in number and sequentially and smoothly connected.
The cutting edge of the front zigzag cutting part is right-handed, and the cutting edge K of the front zigzag cutting part and the cutting edge K extend to the middle side edge and the rear clamping part.
The front end milling part cutting edge is distributed with a plurality of bottom edge minor cutting edges which are parallel to each other and side edge minor cutting edges which are equal in number with the bottom edge minor cutting edges and perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edges.
Preferably, the angle between the bottom edge minor cutting edge and the axis of the tool is equal to the rake angle of the tool during cutting.
Preferably, the side edge minor cutting edge and the bottom edge minor cutting edge are provided with a rake angle, a relief angle and a margin width, and the rake angle, the relief angle, the margin width of the side edge minor cutting edge and the rake angle, the relief angle and the margin width of the bottom edge minor cutting edge are set to be the same as those of the cutting edge K and the rake angle, the relief angle and the margin width of the cutting edge K.
Preferably, the bottom edge minor cutting edge and the adjacent side edge minor cutting edge in the front end milling part are mutually perpendicular.
Preferably, the outer surface of the front end cutting part is uniformly provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the outer surface of the middle side edge is uniformly provided with a plurality of cutting edges which are equal in number, the cutting edges are smoothly connected with the cutting edges of the front end cutting part, extend to the rear section clamping part and gradually reduce the chip groove depth to fade out; the middle side edge is cylindrical and is of a peripheral milling cutter structure.
Preferably, the diameter of the ball head part of the front end zigzag cutting part, the diameter of the side edge of the middle part and the diameter of the clamping part of the rear section are set to be the same.
Preferably, the front end cutting portion includes two cutting edges which are symmetrically arranged at the center and cut in the tool feed direction.
In the cutter machining process, a fixed forward inclination angle is kept between the cutter and the surface to be machined through a numerical control program, and the cutting depth is smaller than the vertical distance between the lowest point of the cutter and the rotation center of the front end sawtooth-shaped cutting part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade machining flutter, the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge and the side edge auxiliary cutting edge are constructed at the front end cutting part, and the numerical control program is used for controlling the cutter to form a fixed front inclination angle with the surface to be machined, so that materials are mainly removed through the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge in the front end saw-tooth cutting part in the machining process, the direction of cutting force is effectively controlled, the cutting force component in the direction with larger workpiece rigidity is increased, the cutting force component in the direction with weak workpiece rigidity in the cutting process is reduced, the deformation caused by cutting force in the direction with weak workpiece rigidity and the flutter caused by cutting force are reduced, and the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece are improved. Meanwhile, the cutting edges cut simultaneously through the chip dividing function of the zigzag cutting edges, so that the volume of chips is effectively reduced, the cutting force and the cutting heat in the curling and deforming processes of large-size chips are reduced, the abrasion of the cutter is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a ball nose milling cutter for suppressing blade processing chatter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall structure diagram of a ball nose milling cutter for suppressing blade processing chatter according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an end view of the tool of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the tip serrated cutting portion.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the side edge minor cutting edge at B in fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a section A-A of the tool of the present invention shown in FIG. 2.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial view of the minor bottom edge cutting edge at E in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1-7, a ball nose milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing chatter comprises a front end zigzag cutting part 1, a middle side blade 2 and a rear end clamping part 3 which are sequentially connected.
The front end cutting part 1 is of a ball head structure, and the outer surfaces of the front end milling part 1 and the middle side edge 2 are uniformly distributed with cutting edges K1 and K2 which are equal in number and sequentially and smoothly connected.
In the ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing chatter, the diameter of the ball end part of the front end zigzag cutting part 1, the diameter of the middle side edge 2 and the diameter 4 of the rear end clamping part 3 are set identically, the helix angles of the cutter cutting edges K1 and K2 are 5, and the included angle between the cutting edges K1 and K2 is 6.
In the present embodiment, the cutting edge of the tip serrated cutting portion 1 is right-handed, and the cutting edge K1 and the cutting edge K2 of the tip serrated cutting portion 1 extend to the middle side edge 2 and the rear clamping portion 3. The middle side edge 2 is cylindrical and Zhou Xidao, and the chip groove depth formed by the cutting edge K1 extending to the rear clamping part 3 and the cutting edge K2 gradually decreases to fade out.
The rake angle 12, relief angle 13, margin width 11, and rake angle 9, relief angle 10, margin width 8 of the side edge minor cutting edge are set to be the same as the rake angle, relief angle, margin width of the cutting edge K1, cutting edge K2.
In the present embodiment, the cutting edges K1 of the tip milling portion 1 are provided with a bottom edge minor cutting edge D11, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D12, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D13, and a bottom edge minor cutting edge D14 … …, and a bottom edge minor cutting edge D1n, which are parallel to each other. The cutting edge K2 is provided with a bottom edge minor cutting edge D21, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D22, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D23, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D24 … …, and a bottom edge minor cutting edge D2n which are parallel to each other. And C11 perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D11, C12 perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D12, C13 perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D13, C14 … … perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D14, and C1n perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D1n. And corresponding side edge minor cutting edges perpendicular to the bottom edge minor cutting edge D21, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D22, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D23, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D24 … …, and the bottom edge minor cutting edge D2n on the K2 cutting edge.
The included angle between the bottom edge minor cutting edge D11, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D12, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D13, the bottom edge minor cutting edge D14 … … and the axis of the cutter is equal to the rake angle 7 of the cutter in the cutting process.
During machining, the bottom edge minor cutting edges D11, the bottom edge minor cutting edges D12, the bottom edge minor cutting edges D13 and the bottom edge minor cutting edges D14 and … … are perpendicular to the surface to be machined when the bottom edge minor cutting edges D11, the bottom edge minor cutting edges D12, the bottom edge minor cutting edges D13 and the bottom edge minor cutting edges D14 and … … are perpendicular to the surface to be machined, and the side edge minor cutting edges C11, the side edge minor cutting edges C12, the side edge minor cutting edges C13 and the side edge minor cutting edges C14 and … … are parallel to the surface to be machined.
In the machining of the present embodiment, the tool performs machining with a fixed rake angle, and the cutting depth is lower than the rotation center of the tip serrated cutting portion 1. The number of the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges and the side edge auxiliary cutting edges can be properly selected according to the processing stage and the surface quality requirement of the workpiece. When the rake angle is smaller, the cutter is closer to the processed surface in the processing process, and the allowable maximum cutting depth of the cutter is larger, so that the cutter is more suitable for rough processing. When the rake angle is larger, the allowable maximum cutting depth of the cutter is smaller, and the cutter is more suitable for semi-finishing and finishing.
In the machining of the embodiment, the numerical control program controls the cutter to form a fixed rake angle with the surface to be machined, so that the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges D11, D12, D13 and D14 … … formed by the front end cutting part 1 are mainly removed by the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges, the side edge auxiliary cutting edges C11, C12, C13 and C14 … … formed by the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges D1n when contacting the surface to be machined are parallel to the surface to be machined, the cutting force direction is effectively controlled, and the cutting force component in the direction of the larger workpiece rigidity is increased. The volume of the material removed by the side edge auxiliary cutting edge is reduced, the cutting force component along the weak rigidity direction of the workpiece in the cutting process is reduced, the deformation caused by the cutting force and the flutter caused by the cutting force in the weak rigidity direction of the workpiece are reduced, and the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece are improved. The zigzag cutting edge replaces the integral cutting edge of the traditional ball-end milling cutter, the chip shape is changed through chip separation, the interaction in the chip is reduced, the cutting force and the cutting heat in the process of curling and deforming the large-size chip are reduced, the cutter wear is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
Specific example 1: in the embodiment, the diameter of the ball head of the front end zigzag cutting part 1 is 8mm, the diameter of the middle side edge 2 is 8mm, the length of the rear section clamping part 3 is 30mm, and the length of the rear section clamping part 3 is reduced under the conditions that the clamping stability is ensured and the collision and interference between a cutter clamping device and a workpiece are avoided, so that the movement distance of a cutter and the workpiece is shortened.
The tip cutting portion 1 includes cutting edges K1 and K2, the included angle between the cutting edges K1 and K2 is 180 °, the rake angle between the cutting edges K1 and K2 is 10 °, the relief angle is 10 °, and the margin width is 0.5mm.
The tool is machined with a 60-degree rake angle, the maximum cutting depth is smaller than 1.34mm, a ball head spherical center is used as a circle center, the axis of the tool and a ball head angular point are 0-degree positions, a side edge minor cutting edge plane parallel to a surface to be machined is arranged at intervals of 0.3mm from a position of 30-degree on a cutting edge K1 to the spherical center, a bottom edge minor cutting edge perpendicular to the side edge minor cutting edge plane is arranged from an intersection point of the side edge minor cutting edge plane with the cutting edge K1 and the cutting edge K2 to form a side edge minor cutting edge C11, a side edge minor cutting edge C12, a side edge minor cutting edge C13, a side edge minor cutting edge C14, a side edge minor cutting edge C15, a side edge minor cutting edge C16, a side edge minor cutting edge C17, a side edge minor cutting edge C18, a side edge minor cutting edge C19, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D11, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D12, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D13, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D14, a bottom edge D16, a bottom edge minor cutting edge D17, a bottom edge D16, a bottom edge D17 and a bottom edge D18D, a bottom edge D18, and a bottom edge D18D, wherein the side edge minor cutting edge is 60-2 is formed at an angle of 60-to the angle. The rake angle 12 of the side edge minor cutting edge is 10 °, the relief angle 13 is 10 °, the margin width 11 is 0.5mm, the rake angle 9 of the bottom edge minor cutting edge is 10 °, the relief angle 10 °, and the margin width 8 is 0.5mm.
In the machining process, the pose of the cutter is controlled by a numerical control program, so that the included angle between the cutter and the surface to be machined is always kept at 60 degrees.
Specific example 2: in the embodiment, the diameter of the ball head of the front end zigzag cutting part 1 is 10mm, the diameter of the middle side edge 2 is 10mm, the length of the rear section clamping part 3 is 40mm, and the length of the rear section clamping part 3 is reduced under the conditions that clamping stability is ensured and collision and interference between a cutter clamping device and a workpiece are avoided, so that the movement distance of a cutter and the workpiece is shortened.
The tip cutting portion 1 includes cutting edges K1 and K2, the included angle between the cutting edges K1 and K2 is 180 °, the rake angle between the cutting edges K1 and K2 is 7 °, the relief angle is 7 °, and the margin width is 0.5mm.
The tool is machined with a rake angle of 30 DEG, the maximum cutting depth is smaller than 2.5mm, the ball head spherical center is used as the center, the axis of the tool and the ball head angular point are in 0 DEG positions, the 60 DEG position on the cutting edge K1 is used as the initial position, the side edge auxiliary cutting edge plane parallel to the surface to be machined is arranged at intervals of 0.4mm towards the spherical center, the intersection point of the side edge auxiliary cutting edge plane and the cutting edge K1 and the cutting edge K2 is used as the initial position, the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge perpendicular to the side edge auxiliary cutting edge plane is arranged, and a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C11, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C12, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C13, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C14, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C15, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C16, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C17, a side edge auxiliary cutting edge C18 and a bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge D11, a bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge D12, a bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge D13, a bottom auxiliary cutting edge D14, a bottom edge D15, a bottom auxiliary cutting edge D16 and a bottom edge D18 which are 60 DEG to the axis of the tool are formed. The rake angle 12 of the side edge minor cutting edge is 7 °, the relief angle 13 is 7 °, the margin width 11 is 0.5mm, the rake angle 9 of the bottom edge minor cutting edge is 7 °, the relief angle 10 is 7 °, and the margin width 8 is 0.5mm.
In the processing process, the pose of the cutter is controlled by a numerical control program, so that the included angle between the cutter and the surface to be processed is always kept at 30 degrees.
The YG8 type tungsten cobalt hard alloy is adopted as the base material of the cutter, the Co content of the base material is 8%, the base material is suitable for processing cast iron, nonferrous metals and alloys and nonmetallic materials thereof, and the base material has the characteristics of high hardness, good thermosetting property, difficult deformation, difficult breakage and the like, and has better toughness and wear resistance.
The above technical solution only represents the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and some changes that may be made by those skilled in the art to some parts of the technical solution represent the principles of the present invention, and the technical solution falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter is characterized by comprising a front end zigzag cutting part (1), a middle side blade (2) and a rear section clamping part (3);
the front end zigzag cutting part (1) is of a ball head structure, and the outer surfaces of the front end zigzag cutting part (1) and the middle side edge (2) are uniformly provided with cutting edges K1 and cutting edges K2 which are equal in number and sequentially and smoothly connected;
the cutting edge of the front end zigzag cutting part (1) is in a right-hand rotation, and the cutting edge K1 and the cutting edge K2 of the front end zigzag cutting part (1) extend to the middle side edge (2) and the rear section clamping part (3);
the front end zigzag cutting part (1) of the ball end milling cutter is provided with a plurality of bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges which are parallel to each other and side edge auxiliary cutting edges which are equal in number with the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges and perpendicular to the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edges;
the included angle between the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge and the axis of the cutter is equal to the front inclination angle of the cutter in the cutting process;
the side edge auxiliary cutting edge and the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge are provided with a front angle, a rear angle and a margin width, and the front angle, the rear angle and the margin width of the side edge auxiliary cutting edge and the front angle, the rear angle and the margin width of the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge are the same as those of the cutting edge K1 and the front angle, the rear angle and the margin width of the cutting edge K2;
the bottom edge auxiliary cutting edge and the adjacent side edge auxiliary cutting edge in the front end zigzag cutting part (1) are mutually perpendicular;
the outer surface of the front end zigzag cutting part (1) is uniformly provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the outer surface of the middle side edge (2) is uniformly provided with cutting edges with the same number, the cutting edges are smoothly connected with the cutting edges of the front end zigzag cutting part (1), the cutting edges extend to the rear section clamping part (3) and the chip groove depth is gradually reduced to fade out, and the middle side edge (2) is cylindrical and has a Zhou Xidao structure;
in the ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter, the diameter of the ball end part of the front end saw-tooth cutting part (1), the diameter of the middle side blade (2) and the diameter (4) of the rear section clamping part (3) are arranged in the same way;
the front end zigzag cutting part (1) comprises two cutting edges which are symmetrically distributed at the center and cut along the feeding direction of the cutter;
the ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter is characterized in that in the processing process, the auxiliary cutting edge of the inner bottom edge of the section along the axis of the cutter is vertical to the surface to be processed, and the auxiliary cutting edge of the side edge is parallel to the surface to be processed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311077226.7A CN116765489B (en) | 2023-08-25 | 2023-08-25 | Ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311077226.7A CN116765489B (en) | 2023-08-25 | 2023-08-25 | Ball end milling cutter for inhibiting blade processing flutter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116765489A CN116765489A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
| CN116765489B true CN116765489B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN215090921U (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Cutter for milling laminated material profile of weak rigid member |
| CN216575743U (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-05-24 | 东莞市领亿精密金属有限公司 | Double-edge ball-end milling cutter |
| CN115317168A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Oral cavity planting robot spare hole drilling and milling composite cutter and application thereof |
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2023
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| CN1824442A (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2006-08-30 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Throwaway insert |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116765489A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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