CN107665271A - A kind of aero-engine blisk endless knife processing method based on control line - Google Patents
A kind of aero-engine blisk endless knife processing method based on control line Download PDFInfo
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- CN107665271A CN107665271A CN201710750585.2A CN201710750585A CN107665271A CN 107665271 A CN107665271 A CN 107665271A CN 201710750585 A CN201710750585 A CN 201710750585A CN 107665271 A CN107665271 A CN 107665271A
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of aero-engine blisk endless knife processing method based on control line, it is related to digital control processing field, utilize the cutter location and generating tool axis vector for controlling line computation endless knife cutting integrated impeller blade, plan leaf dish milling Path, and applied to the processing of blisk, the present invention completes the tool-path planning of the blisk port annular knife Four-axis milling based on control line, control line method has been applied in endless knife processing, the present invention not only significantly improves the machined surface quality of blisk, and improve processing efficiency, reduce man-hour and processing cost, on the other hand, due to the raising of cutter life, so that a blade surface for cutter being processed before excessive wear large scale fan leaf dish becomes possibility, the obvious phenomenon of machined trace caused by avoiding subregion processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital control processing field, especially a kind of blisk endless knife processing method.
Background technology
New height pushes away low-pressure compressor fan and high-pressure compressor rotor than High Performance Aeroengine generally using opening
Formula Blisk, the structure assembled compared to traditional blade and wheel disc, blisk eliminate connection member, reduced
Number of components, make engine structure greatly simplified, weight saving, therefore Blisk has obtained extensively should in aviation field
With.The technology characteristics such as complicated, opening character is poor, blade is thin however, blisk has, machining deformation control difficulty, this is to whole
The processing of body leaf dish brings very big difficulty, is mainly manifested in：(1) it is complicated, opening character is poor, cutter axis orientation is difficult to really
Fixed, NC Machining Program is difficult.Impeller blade is mostly using wide string, big bending, big length, the structure more than blade so that leaf dish is led to
Road is more and more narrow, and long and thin cutter must be used by completing processing, so selection knife grows shorter cutter axis orientation as far as possible in programming, with
Improve cutter rigidity.(2) the difficult processing of material, excision material are more, and processing efficiency is low, and blade is thin, and residual stress Deformation control is difficult.It is whole
Body leaf dish material is mostly the difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, and its red hardness and calorific intensity are very high, table in working angles
Reveal very high Dynamic Shear intensity, aggravate the abrasion of tool in cutting sword, while the bonding behavior between workpiece and cutter is easy
Unstable built-up edge is formed, reduces the crudy of workpiece surface.
In the processing of overall fan leaf dish, because the difficult processing characteristics and blade area of its material are big so that tool wear
Seriously.When being processed using ball head knife, it is big with workpiece surface contact area, and abrasion is particularly acute, and finishing blade process needs
Tool changing, it can only dock and machine.Common solution method is processed using subregion, and this method not only answer by operating process
It is miscellaneous, processing cost is added, and machined trace is obvious between causing each region, influences the surface integrity of workpiece.In addition, ball
Cutting force is more than endless knife during head knife processing, using must use overlength cutter during a kind of knife-axial controlling mode processing super long blade
With handle of a knife system, which results in cutter flutter is serious, machined surface quality is influenceed, lowers cutter life.
For the problem of knife-axial controlling in blisk passageway machining, there is scholar to propose a kind of four axle control line processing sides
Formula：On blisk channel height direction it is discrete go out it is a series of pendulum knife plane, construct pendulum knife plane in each cutter location
Without interference can use cutter shaft domain, take its common portion as the pendulum knife plane without interference cutter shaft swing section；In short transverse
Upper all pendulum knife planes are swung in section without interference cutter shaft, take a consecutive variations and the Vertical Curve of fairing is as control
Line, then connect control line on any point and the cutter location contour with it formed by cutter shaft can be used in passageway machining.With control
Line traffic control cutter shaft processed processes the passage of open type blisk, can not only solve the cutter interference in the processing of open type impeller blade
Problem, and effectively prevent cutter shaft mutation caused by blade chew phenomenon, hence it is evident that improve the crudy of blade surface, but
It is that there is presently no the research that control line is used in endless knife processing.
In modern digital control processing, in addition to flat-bottomed cutter and ball head knife, the application of endless knife is also more and more extensive.Compared to
Flat-bottomed cutter, endless knife work in-process edge wear is small, and cutter life is relatively long, and the Part Surface Roughness processed
Small, surface quality is high.Compared to ball head knife, endless knife can use higher linear velocity in processing, high in machining efficiency；Annular
Knife is contacted by filler ring band with finished surface, and contact area is smaller than ball head knife, significantly reduces tool wear.To sum up institute
State, the advantages of endless knife has been provided simultaneously with flat-bottomed cutter and ball head knife, especially in the multiaxis NC maching of free form surface, endless knife
Effective radius it is big, surface quality and processing efficiency significantly improve.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome prior art operation process complicated, crudy is not high, and the low deficiency of efficiency, the present invention proposes
A kind of method of the endless knife processing aero-engine blisk based on control line, using controlling, the cutting of line computation endless knife is whole
The cutter location and generating tool axis vector of body impeller blade, leaf dish milling Path is planned, and applied to the processing of blisk.This
Invention effectively reduces the abrasion of cutter in blisk processing, improves processing efficiency and surface quality, makes processing technology more
To be reasonable.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the model according to blisk passage, the ball head knife needed for passageway machining is constructed without interference knife-axial controlling
Line；
Step 2, the control line of ball head knife is applied in the four axis channels processing of endless knife, comprised the following steps that：
(1) when processing same leaf dish passage, cutter location and cutter shaft are carried out using diameter identical endless knife and ball head knife
Vector operation；
(2) selection endless knife is identical with the machining area of ball head knife, and using Four-axis milling, ball head knife generating tool axis vector is cutter heart
The line of contour point, ball head knife, endless knife and the same point of contact contact of surface to be machined, and bulb on point and control line
When angle formed by the method arrow of knife, generating tool axis vector and the processing curve of endless knife at point of contact is identical, the cutter shaft of two kinds of cutters
Vector is parallel；
Step 3, the cutter shaft for calculating based on contact relation the not endless knife by control line, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) same point of contact and cutter shaft it is parallel under conditions of, draw endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife；
(2) according to endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife, distance of two cutter shafts on surface normal vector direction is drawn, with method
Swear that direction forms the conical surface of the summit on method edge into the cutter shaft of fixed angle, in order to meet Four-axis milling, using passing through
The pendulum knife plane on conical surface summit intercepts the conical surface, obtains two cutter shafts, the tool position that one of cutter shaft determines with cutter location
Have with blade and intersect, that is, interfere, remove the cutter shaft interfered, remaining cutter shaft is the cutter shaft of endless knife；
Step 4, sweared according to point of contact, the cutter shaft of ball head knife and cutter heart point and method, calculated not by the annular of control line
The cutter heart point of knife, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) it is R with point of contact distance on processing curve process side direction of normal2Point as the centre of sphere, R1-R2For radius
It is ball S1, wherein R1For ball head knife and the radius of endless knife, R2For shear blade radius, according to contact relation, the cutter heart point of endless knife is
In Spherical Surface S1On；
(2) endless knife cutter shaft and Spherical Surface S1It is tangential on a bit, the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife, utilizes ball head knife cutter heart
Point, generating tool axis vector, contact point coordinates and method arrow vector, obtain coordinate of the endless knife cutter heart point in space；
Step 5, when endless knife cutter shaft does not pass through control line, it is optimized, is passed to control line, Optimization Steps
It is as follows：
(1) cutter heart point of the ball head knife cutter shaft around ball head knife in pendulum knife plane is rotated, each anglec of rotation is Δ θ, is obtained
The curve and endless knife cutter shaft race that corresponding endless knife cutter heart point race is formed after to each rotation, with cutter heart point curve and corresponding points
Generating tool axis vector forms generating tool axis vector line, and setting-out generating tool axis vector line race forms fingerprint face；
(2) control line is monotone variation in short transverse, and the ruled surface that endless knife cutter shaft is formed is also single in short transverse
Modulation, and in the opposite direction, therefore control line has with cutter shaft race ruled surface and an only intersection point, the intersection point are endless knife cutter shaft
The point contour with the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife on the curve formed with the intersection point of control line, endless knife cutter heart point race, even
Connect the endless knife cutter shaft that the intersection point as passes through control line with the straight line obtained by cutter heart point, and the knife in same point of contact contact
Axle is the endless knife Four-axis milling cutter shaft without interference；
Step 6, required according to residual altitude, calculate the line-spacing of endless knife processing, and according to machining locus required precision
Calculate processing step pitch；
Step 7, the cutter location of the endless knife Four-axis milling calculated using step 5 and step 6 and cutter shaft and line-spacing and
Step pitch, complete the Four-axis milling Path planning of passage.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are cutter shaft during control line processing independent of curve form, cutter shaft change is gentle, adds
Work into curved surface more fairing advantage, combine endless knife relative to ball head knife and flat-bottomed cutter be high in machining efficiency, parts processing surface
Quality is high, chip removal is good and the advantage of long lifespan, completes the blisk port annular knife Four-axis milling based on control line
Tool-path planning, control line method is applied in endless knife processing.The present invention not only significantly improves blisk
Machined surface quality, and processing efficiency is improved, reduce man-hour and processing cost, on the other hand, due to cutter life
Improve so that a blade surface for cutter being processed before excessive wear large scale fan leaf dish becomes possibility, keeps away
The obvious phenomenon of machined trace caused by having exempted from subregion processing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overview flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 four figures of (a), (b), (c), (d) are ball head knife of the present invention and endless knife contact relation schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that endless knife cutter shaft of the present invention solves schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that endless knife cutter location of the present invention solves schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is endless knife cutter shaft Optimization Solution schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein, Fig. 5 (a) is domain where endless knife cutter heart point,
Fig. 5 (b) is the endless knife cutter heart locus of points, and Fig. 5 (c) was the schematic diagram that control line endless knife cutter shaft calculates.
Fig. 6 is certain type fan leaf dish passage control line schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 7 is cutter shaft rate of change curve chart of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the present invention and the finished surface comparison diagram of traditional diamond-making technique, and wherein Fig. 8 (a) is the processing table of the present invention
Face figure, Fig. 8 (b) are the finished surface figure of traditional diamond-making technique.
Wherein, P：Point of contact, n：Processing curve point of contact method arrow, im1：Ball head knife cutter shaft, im1′：Not meeting for obtaining will
The ball head knife cutter shaft asked, im2：Endless knife cutter shaft, im2′：Obtained undesirable endless knife cutter shaft, S：Ball head knife cutter shaft and
Face where point of contact method arrow, S1：Done where ball head knife cutter shaft and point of contact method arrow in face with the endless knife shear blade annulus center of circle
Radius for the center of circle is (R1-R2) circle, SC1：Using ball head knife cutter heart point as summit, line centered on point of contact method arrow, cone angle is
The conical surface, SC2：Using on direction of normal apart from point of contact distance as R1+ Δ ' point be summit, line centered on point of contact method arrow,
Cone angle isThe conical surface, S2：Using C as the centre of sphere, pass through point A, O1Ball, A：The endless knife shear blade annulus center of circle, B：Cross point O1, it is O2A
The intersection point of vertical line, Ai：Circle S corresponding to the endless knife of different shear blade radiuses1The center of circle, Bi：Minor arc O1Any point on B, Tn：Ball
Head knife point of a knife point, T：Control line and ruled surface ∑ ' there are intersection point T, T '：In O1O2Contour point, T with T pointsi：Different shear blade radiuses
Point of a knife point, O corresponding to endless knife1：Ball head knife cutter heart point, O2：Endless knife cutter heart point, On：Ball head knife cutter heart point, Oi：Different shear blades
Cutter heart point, O corresponding to the endless knife of radius3：On point of contact direction of normal apart from point of contact distance be R1+ Δ ' point, O2i：
Extend ABiWith ball S1Intersecting obtained point, T2：Endless knife point of a knife point, Tq：Ball head knife cutter, Th：Endless knife cutter, Tp：Flat-bottomed cutter
Cutter,The angle of cutter shaft and processing curve method arrow, Δ：Deviation between ball head knife cutter shaft and endless knife cutter shaft, ∑1：Put knife
Plane, ∑2：Put knife plane, ∑z：Pendulum knife plane, ∑ '：A series of ruled surface of endless knife cutter shaft structures, d∑：Put knife plane ∑1
With pendulum knife plane ∑2Vertical range, L：Control line, C：Line segment AO1Midpoint, C1：Put knife plane ∑zWith ball S2Intersection, C2：
Endless knife cutter heart locus of points line.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the overview flow chart of the present invention, in passageway machining, once it is determined that after cutter heart point and control line, ball
The cutter shaft of head knife also determines immediately, connects the knife that point equal with its short transverse on cutter heart point and control line is ball head knife
Axle.Now ball head knife control line is processed for endless knife, because ball head knife is different with the contact relation of endless knife, it is therefore desirable to weight
The new cutter heart point and cutter shaft for calculating endless knife.
Step 1, the model according to blisk passage, the ball head knife needed for passageway machining is constructed without interference knife-axial controlling
Line；
Step 2, the control line of ball head knife is applied in the four axis channels processing of endless knife, comprised the following steps that：
(1) when processing same leaf dish passage, cutter location and cutter shaft are carried out using diameter identical endless knife and ball head knife
Vector operation；
(2) selection endless knife is identical with the machining area of ball head knife, and using Four-axis milling, ball head knife generating tool axis vector is cutter heart
The line of contour point, ball head knife, endless knife and the same point of contact contact of surface to be machined, and bulb on point and control line
When angle formed by the method arrow of knife, generating tool axis vector and the processing curve of endless knife at point of contact is identical, the cutter shaft of two kinds of cutters
Vector is parallel；
Step 3, the cutter shaft for calculating based on contact relation the not endless knife by control line, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) same point of contact and cutter shaft it is parallel under conditions of, draw endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife；
(2) according to endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife, distance of two cutter shafts on surface normal vector direction is drawn, with method
Swear that direction forms the conical surface of the summit on method edge into the cutter shaft of fixed angle, in order to meet Four-axis milling, using passing through
The pendulum knife plane on conical surface summit intercepts the conical surface, obtains two cutter shafts, the tool position that one of cutter shaft determines with cutter location
Have with blade and intersect, that is, interfere, remove the cutter shaft interfered, remaining cutter shaft is the cutter shaft of endless knife；
Step 4, sweared according to point of contact, the cutter shaft of ball head knife and cutter heart point and method, calculated not by the annular of control line
The cutter heart point of knife, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) it is R with point of contact distance on processing curve process side direction of normal2Point as the centre of sphere, R1-R2For radius
It is ball S1, wherein R1For ball head knife and the radius of endless knife, R2For shear blade radius, according to contact relation, the cutter heart point of endless knife is
In Spherical Surface S1On；
(2) endless knife cutter shaft and Spherical Surface S1It is tangential on a bit, the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife, utilizes ball head knife cutter heart
Point, generating tool axis vector, contact point coordinates and method arrow vector, obtain coordinate of the endless knife cutter heart point in space；
Step 5, when endless knife cutter shaft does not pass through control line, it is optimized, is passed to control line, Optimization Steps
It is as follows：
(1) cutter heart point of the ball head knife cutter shaft around ball head knife in pendulum knife plane is rotated, each anglec of rotation is Δ θ, is obtained
The curve and endless knife cutter shaft race that corresponding endless knife cutter heart point race is formed after to each rotation, with cutter heart point curve and corresponding points
Generating tool axis vector forms generating tool axis vector line, and setting-out generating tool axis vector line race forms fingerprint face；
(2) control line is monotone variation in short transverse, and the ruled surface that endless knife cutter shaft is formed is also single in short transverse
Modulation, and in the opposite direction, therefore control line has with cutter shaft race ruled surface and an only intersection point, the intersection point are endless knife cutter shaft
The point contour with the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife on the curve formed with the intersection point of control line, endless knife cutter heart point race, even
Connect the endless knife cutter shaft that the intersection point as passes through control line with the straight line obtained by cutter heart point, and the knife in same point of contact contact
Axle is the endless knife Four-axis milling cutter shaft without interference；
Step 6, required according to residual altitude, calculate the line-spacing of endless knife processing, and according to machining locus required precision
Calculate processing step pitch；
Step 7, the cutter location of the endless knife Four-axis milling calculated using step 5 and step 6 and cutter shaft and line-spacing and
Step pitch, complete the Four-axis milling Path planning of passage.
The embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
Step 1: determine the contact relation of ball head knife and endless knife
The ball head knife and endless knife of same tool radius, in same point of contact and processing curve contact, its contact relation
As shown in Fig. 2 (a)：If ball head knife and the cutter shaft that surface normal vector of the processing curve contact at point P, point of contact is n, then ball head knife
im1Must be coplanar with method arrow n, it is S to remember the face.Endless knife process in the case of, point of contact is similarly P, then at P points method arrow n and
The cutter shaft i of endless knifem2Also it is coplanar, therefore in same point contact, the cutter shaft of ball head knife and endless knife is all in plane S.In S
In face, contact relation is formed, the method arrow at point of contact is necessarily by the center of circle of the shear blade annulus of endless knife, i.e. point in Fig. 2
A.Endless knife tool radius is R1, chamfer radius R2, using point A as the center of circle in plane S, (R1-R2) it is that radius is round S1, the circle
Pass through ball head knife cutter heart point O1, and endless knife cutter heart point O2Also on justifying herein.
For convenience of calculation, study first the cutter shaft of ball head knife and endless knife respectively with surface normal vector angle identical
Situation, because ball head knife is in the same plane and identical with the angle of processing curve method arrow with the cutter shaft of endless knife, it may be determined that ball
Head knife is parallel with the cutter shaft of endless knife, therefore translates the cutter shaft i of ball head knifem1To and circle S1It is tangential on the O of Machining of Curved Surface side2
Point, the cutter shaft after translation are the cutter shaft i of endless knifem2。
Fig. 2 (b) is the projection along generating tool axis vector direction, and Fig. 2 (c) is same diameter ball head knife and endless knife in plane S
When being cut in same point of contact P, and processing curve method arrow n and the schematic diagram of cutter heart point position.By the Δ AO in Fig. 2 (c)1O2In, can
Using calculate in S faces the deviation of ball head knife and endless knife cutter shaft as：
WhereinThe angle sweared for cutter shaft and processing curve method.
In plane S, with shear blade radius R2Change, the endless knife that can obtain various different shear blade radius sizes nibbles
Conjunction state.As shown in Fig. 2 (d), when cutter is flat-bottomed cutter, R2=0, cutter heart point is O1, point of a knife point overlaps with cutter heart point；Work as knife
Have for ball head knife when, R2Equal to tool radius R1, cutter heart point is On, point of a knife point is Tn；As the shear blade radius R of endless knife2Constantly increase
When big, circle S1Center of circle AiGradually moved to cutter heart point direction, cutter heart point is then by O1To OiMobile, point of a knife point is by T1To TiIt is mobile.
Step 2: do not solved by the endless knife cutter shaft of knife-axial controlling line
Endless knife is swearing that n angle is identical with method, and in the case of P point contacts, all cutter shaft set form one
The conical surface, the drift angle of the conical surface is cutter shaft and the angle of method arrowDue to being Four-axis milling, cutter shaft can only be the conical surface and conical surface top excessively
The intersection of the pendulum knife plane of point.As shown in figure 3, known cutter and curved surface, in point P contacts, curved surface is n in the method arrow of the point, by scheming
2 (c) it can be seen that when specifying point of contact, the intersection point that cutter heart line is sweared with method is fixed with the distance of point of contact on direction of normal
, with point P distances it is R on method arrow n directions1Place take point O1, it is R with point P distances1+ Δ ' place take point O3, wherein
Cross O1Put and be with method arrow n anglesVector form one with O1For the conical surface S on summitC1, made point O1Water
Plane puts knife plane ∑1, conical surface SC1And ∑1It is intersecting to obtain two straight line im1And im1', wherein im1' pointed in leaf dish passage
Side, do not meet cutting and require.Point to the i on the outside of leaf dish passagem1As ball head knife and point P contacts, it is with method arrow angleIt is and full
The cutter shaft of sufficient Four-axis milling condition.Similarly in point O3Make conical surface SC2With pendulum knife plane ∑2, both intersect to obtain effective cutter shaft
im1, as endless knife with point P contacts, with method arrow angle beAnd meet the cutter shaft of Four-axis milling condition.
Step 3：Do not pass through the solution of the endless knife cutter location of knife-axial controlling line
As shown in figure 4, the A that sets up an office is apart from endless knife end face R2Cutter section and method arrow n intersection point, | AO1|=| AO2|
=R1-R2, make O1The vertical O of B2A is in point B, thenPoint of contact P coordinate can be obtained in space coordinates OXYZ
(xP, yP, zP), method arrow n is (i, j, k), generating tool axis vector im1For (l, m, n), the cutter heart point O of ball head knife can be obtained first1Seat
Mark：
WhereinPoint B coordinate can be tried to achieve by geometrical relationship：
WhereinAsk for point A coordinate：Then vectorEndless knife cutter heart point O can similarly be tried to achieve2Coordinate be：
WhereinWithIt is parallel, and：
Further according to the geometrical relationship in endless knife end, it is known that point of a knife point T2Coordinate be：
Wherein
Drawing the cutter heart point O of endless knife2With point of a knife point T2And then combine generating tool axis vector im2It can determine that endless knife
In the cutting posture of the point of contact, the cutter shaft of ball head knife is the line of point contour on the cutter location and control line of ball head knife, by
In the difference of two kinds of cutter cutter heart points so that the cutter shaft of endless knife no longer passes through control line.Under above-mentioned contact relation, bulb
The cutter shaft of knife is by control line, and the cutter shaft of endless knife and control line have a space length deviation, and its extreme value is Δ, therefore needs
The cutter shaft of endless knife is adjusted, be passed to control line.
Step 4：Calculate the cutter location and cutter shaft of the endless knife by knife-axial controlling line
In order to make the cutter shaft of endless knife by control line, and meet the requirement of Four-axis milling all the time, it is necessary to be put down in pendulum knife
The cutter shaft of ball head knife is rotated in face, rotates Δ θ every time, finds out corresponding new endless knife cutter shaft after rotation every time
And cutter heart point, the cutter shaft for finding all endless knifes calculate the distance of each cutter shaft and control line in cutter shaft race afterwards.For letter
Change and calculate, directly with cutter shaft race structure ruled surface, obtain the intersection point of the ruled surface and control line, the point is that endless knife is controlling
Corresponding control point on line, the point and the cutter heart contour with it point are connected, what is obtained is the endless knife cutter shaft by control line.
Following three conditions must are fulfilled for by the endless knife cutter shaft of knife-axial controlling line：
1) cutter shaft must be swung in pendulum knife plane；
2) cutter must keep contact relation in identical point of contact and processing curve；
3) cutter shaft must pass through control line.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), for ball head knife with the contact of leaf dish machined surface in point P, the method arrow of the point is n, O1Point is ball head knife
Cutter heart point, | PA |=R2, | AO1|=(R1-R2), using point A as the centre of sphere, (R1-R2) it is that radius is ball S1, then by ball head knife and annular
Knife contact relation understands that the cutter heart point of endless knife is located at S1Sphere on, and cutter shaft is tangent in the point and sphere.It can be seen by Fig. 4
Go out：Because AB is perpendicular to BO1, therefore point B is always positioned at AO1Midpoint C be the centre of sphere, and pass through point A, O1Ball S2On.Do
Go out ball S2.As shown in Figure 4：Reverse extending ball head knife generating tool axis vector im1, with ball S2Point B is intersected at, extends straight line AB and ball S1It is intersecting
Obtained point is endless knife cutter heart point O2。
As shown in Fig. 5 (b), in order to realize swing of the ball head knife cutter shaft in pendulum knife plane, O is crossed1The pendulum knife plane ∑ of pointz,
The plane and ball S2Intersect at round C1.Note circle C1In point O1Minor arc between B is O1B, minor arc O1Point on B is A points to rotation
Ball head knife generating tool axis vector after turning does the intersection point point of vertical line.
The cutter heart point of endless knife is respectively positioned on Spherical Surface S1On, extend straight line AB and ball S1Intersecting obtained point is endless knife knife
Heart point O2.Connect A points and minor arc O1Any point B on BiThe straight line AB of gainediIt is each perpendicular to BiO1, B nowiO1For rotation
Ball head knife generating tool axis vector afterwards.Equally, AB is extendediWith ball S1Intersecting obtained point O2iFor corresponding endless knife cutter heart point.Connection
O2iWith O1O3Upper contour point, gained straight line is the cutter shaft of endless knife.
As shown in Fig. 5 (c), with this series of annular knife cutter shaft build ruled surface ∑ ', and ∑ ' to control line direction is prolonged
Open up.Because control line in short transverse is to be monotonically changed, and ruled surface ∑ ' it is monotone variation in the height direction,
And both change in the opposite direction.Therefore control line and ruled surface ∑ ' have and an only intersection point T, the point are to meet the requirements
Control line on the control point contour with endless knife cutter shaft, connection and the contour O of T points1O2On point T ', the straight line formed is i.e.
For by control line, the contact at point P, and meet the endless knife cutter shaft i of Four-axis milling requirementm2。
Step 5：The line-spacing of endless knife processing is calculated according to residual altitude requirement, and according to machining locus required precision
Calculate processing step pitch.
Step 6：It is complete using the control line in step 4 and step 5, the cutter shaft of endless knife, cutter heart point and line-spacing step pitch
Integral leaf dish passage Four-axis milling Path planning.
The present invention proposes endless knife Four-axis milling cutter location and cutter shaft computational methods based on control line, solves entirety
Knife-axial controlling problem in the processing of the axis channel of leaf dish endless knife four.The present invention is used for adding for certain type aero-engine blisk
In work, the passage control line constructed calculates the knife of endless knife according to the control line and the present invention as shown in L-curve in Fig. 6
Heart point, generating tool axis vector and line-spacing, step pitch carry out Path planning, show that one section of cutter location data is as follows：
TOOL PATH/HX2HRJX, TOOL, FR6BR3
TLDATA/MILL, 12.0000,3.0000,120.0000,0.0000,0.0000
MSYS/26.0000,0.0000,0.0000,0.0000000,0.0000000, -1.0000000, -1.0000000,
0.0000000,0.0000000
PAINT/PATH
PAINT/SPEED, 10
PAINT/COLOR, 186
FEDRAT/MMPM, 8000.0000
GOTO/-46.085741,16.600088,296.439040, -0.424156, -0.000000,0.905589
FEDRAT/8100.0000
GOTO/-33.231664,16.600088,268.995059, -0.424156, -0.000000,0.905589
FEDRAT/600.0000
GOTO/-30.787845,18.324878,269.224951, -0.424156, -0.000000,0.905589
GOTO/-30.502710,18.526120,269.251774, -0.420780, -0.000000,0.907163
......
The cutter shaft of part is taken, analyzes its variable angle rate, the variation diagram drawn is as shown in Figure 7.It can be seen from figure 7 that
The endless knife cutter shaft change rate curve generated with the present invention is gentle.Because the cutter shaft of control line generation changes independent of song
Surface properties, cutter shaft change more gentle, the processing plane also more fairing of generation.
As shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 (a) is the blade surface after being processed with the present invention, the tool marks of blade are neat, clean mark, table
Face quality is high.Because the cutter shaft under control line traffic control generates independent of curve form, cutter shaft change than shallower
Finished surface compare fairing.Fig. 8 (b) is UG four axle knife-axial controlling method 4-axis Normal to Part/Drive sides
The finished surface of method generation, this method depends on curved surface quality, when the bending of blade surface is larger, Curvature varying is larger
When, the cutter shaft of generation is easily undergone mutation, and is caused platen that rotating occurs, can be caused pit as illustrated in the drawing.
According to experimental result, it can be seen that the method for the endless knife Four-axis milling blisk based on control line, Ke Yiyou
Effect avoids interference with, and improves machined surface quality.Further, since present invention utilizes endless knife machined surface quality it is high,
High in machining efficiency, the advantages of cutter life is long, the suface processing quality of aero-engine blisk can be effectively improved, and
Processing cost is reduced to a certain extent.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of aero-engine blisk endless knife processing method based on control line, it is characterised in that including following steps
Suddenly：
Step 1, the model according to blisk passage, the ball head knife needed for passageway machining is constructed without interference knife-axial controlling line；
Step 2, the control line of ball head knife is applied in the four axis channels processing of endless knife, comprised the following steps that：
(1) when processing same leaf dish passage, cutter location and generating tool axis vector are carried out using diameter identical endless knife and ball head knife
Calculate；
(2) select endless knife identical with the machining area of ball head knife, using Four-axis milling, ball head knife generating tool axis vector be cutter heart point and
The line of contour point on control line, ball head knife, endless knife and the same point of contact contact of surface to be machined, and ball head knife, ring
When angle formed by the method arrow of the generating tool axis vector of shape knife and processing curve at point of contact is identical, the generating tool axis vector of two kinds of cutters is put down
OK；
Step 3, the cutter shaft for calculating based on contact relation the not endless knife by control line, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) same point of contact and cutter shaft it is parallel under conditions of, draw endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife；
(2) according to endless knife and the contact relation of ball head knife, distance of two cutter shafts on surface normal vector direction is drawn, with method arrow side
The conical surface of the summit on method edge is formed to the cutter shaft into fixed angle, in order to meet Four-axis milling, using passing through the conical surface
The pendulum knife plane on summit intercepts the conical surface, obtains two cutter shafts, the tool position and leaf that one of cutter shaft determines with cutter location
Piece has intersecting, that is, interferes, remove the cutter shaft interfered, remaining cutter shaft is the cutter shaft of endless knife；
Step 4, sweared according to point of contact, the cutter shaft of ball head knife and cutter heart point and method, calculate the not endless knife by control line
Cutter heart point, calculation procedure are as follows：
(1) it is R with point of contact distance on processing curve process side direction of normal2Point as the centre of sphere, R1-R2Ball is made for radius
S1, wherein R1For ball head knife and the radius of endless knife, R2For shear blade radius, according to contact relation, the cutter heart point of endless knife is i.e. in ball
Face S1On；
(2) endless knife cutter shaft and Spherical Surface S1It is tangential on a bit, the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife, utilizes ball head knife cutter heart point, knife
Axial vector, contact point coordinates and method arrow vector, obtain coordinate of the endless knife cutter heart point in space；
Step 5, when endless knife cutter shaft does not pass through control line, it is optimized, is passed to control line, Optimization Steps are such as
Under：
(1) cutter heart point of the ball head knife cutter shaft around ball head knife in pendulum knife plane is rotated, each anglec of rotation is Δ θ, is obtained every
The curve and endless knife cutter shaft race that corresponding endless knife cutter heart point race is formed after secondary rotation, with cutter heart point curve and corresponding points cutter shaft
Vector forms generating tool axis vector line, and setting-out generating tool axis vector line race forms fingerprint face；
(2) control line is monotone variation in short transverse, and the ruled surface that endless knife cutter shaft is formed is also dull change in short transverse
Change, and in the opposite direction, therefore control line has with cutter shaft race ruled surface and an only intersection point, the intersection point is endless knife cutter shaft and control
The intersection point of line processed, the point contour with the point is the cutter heart point of endless knife on the curve that endless knife cutter heart point race is formed, and connection should
Intersection point and the endless knife cutter shaft that the straight line obtained by cutter heart point is by control line, and the cutter shaft is in same point of contact contact
Endless knife Four-axis milling cutter shaft without interference；
Step 6, required according to residual altitude, calculate the line-spacing of endless knife processing, and calculate according to machining locus required precision
Go out to process step pitch；
Step 7, the cutter location of the endless knife Four-axis milling calculated using step 5 and step 6 and cutter shaft and line-spacing and step pitch,
Complete the Four-axis milling Path planning of passage.
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| CN112276119A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-01-29 | 成都裕鸢航空零部件制造有限公司 | Machining method and machining tool for welding assembly of multistage blisk of gas compressor |
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| CN108519758B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2020-12-22 | 南京工业大学 | Multi-axis numerical control machining ball head cutter shaft vector planning method capable of avoiding interference and chattering |
| CN108723725A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-02 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of processing method of aerial blade |
| CN108637794B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-07-16 | 苏州苏相机器人智能装备有限公司 | A kind of milling cutter life control method |
| CN108637794A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 苏州苏相机器人智能装备有限公司 | A kind of milling cutter life control method |
| CN110653401A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-07 | 武汉大学 | Cavity partition plunge milling cutter path planning method based on maximum cutting wrap angle constraint |
| CN110888394A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-17 | 南京工业大学 | Cutter shaft optimization method for wear control of curved surface numerical control machining ball end mill |
| CN110888394B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-03-19 | 南京工业大学 | Cutter shaft optimization method for wear control of curved surface numerical control machining ball end mill |
| CN112100754A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-18 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | Processing method of constant-width chamfer |
| CN112100754B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2024-05-17 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | Method for machining equal-width chamfer |
| CN112276119A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-01-29 | 成都裕鸢航空零部件制造有限公司 | Machining method and machining tool for welding assembly of multistage blisk of gas compressor |
| CN112276119B (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-03-30 | 成都裕鸢航空智能制造股份有限公司 | Machining method and machining tool for welding assembly of multistage blisk of gas compressor |
| CN113253676A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-08-13 | 广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司 | Tool path sequencing method based on equal-height finish machining, intelligent terminal and storage device |
| CN113253676B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-12 | 广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司 | Tool path sequencing method based on equal-height finish machining, intelligent terminal and storage device |
| CN114888342A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-12 | 西安三航动力科技有限公司 | Method for machining blisk blades by using drum-shaped cutter |
| CN114888342B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-01-02 | 西安三航动力科技有限公司 | Method for machining blisk blade by adopting drum-shaped knife |
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