CN116759134A - Aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116759134A CN116759134A CN202310573169.5A CN202310573169A CN116759134A CN 116759134 A CN116759134 A CN 116759134A CN 202310573169 A CN202310573169 A CN 202310573169A CN 116759134 A CN116759134 A CN 116759134A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- -1 silver-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013822 aminosilicone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an aluminum powder material for N-type silver aluminum paste, wherein the median diameter D50 of the aluminum powder material is 1-3 mu m, and the maximum particle D100 is less than 4.5 mu m. The application can reduce the formed silver-aluminum pinning pit while not affecting the formation of good ohmic contact of the silver-aluminum paste on the front surface of the N-type battery in the metallization process, thereby reducing metallization recombination, improving the open-circuit voltage of the battery and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste and application thereof, relates to H01B, and in particular relates to the field of conductive materials containing metal or alloy.
Background
With the development of society, the energy crisis becomes more and more serious, and the search for new energy to replace traditional petrochemical fuel is a necessary trend of the development of modern society. Solar energy resources are inexhaustible clean energy sources, solar energy is converted into electric energy, solar cells become an important source for electric energy supply more and more, and N-type solar cells have the advantages of high conversion efficiency, high double-sided rate, low temperature coefficient, no light attenuation and good dim light effect compared with traditional P-type cells. But pursuing further improvement of the conversion efficiency of the N-type battery, and reduction of the production cost is also a goal of pursuing the photovoltaic field. Factors influencing the conversion efficiency of the solar cell mainly include grid line shielding, grid line contact resistance, carriers and the like. The existing printing paste has the phenomenon of large particle blocking, aluminum powder can promote silver aluminum paste on the front surface of an N-type battery to form good ohmic contact in the metallization process, but aluminum powder and a silicon substrate are mutually diffused to form silver aluminum pinning pits, PN isolation junctions are easy to break down, the open pressure is reduced, and the battery efficiency is seriously affected. Therefore, development of an aluminum powder material which can reduce electron-hole pair recombination, is not easy to form silver-aluminum pinning pits, reduces metallization recombination and improves open pressure is important.
Chinese patent No. 201410369114.3 discloses an aluminum powder for crystalline silicon solar cell aluminum paste, a preparation method thereof and a solar cell containing the aluminum powder, wherein D is added into the aluminum powder 50 Silica of less than or equal to 1 micron and D 50 Boron powder less than or equal to 1 micrometer, and the silicon dioxide can not reach a molten state when the aluminum paddles are sintered, so that the edge of the aluminum sheet is prevented from being excessively contracted, and the warping is reduced. However, when the PN junction is applied to an N-type battery, the PN junction breaks down, and the conversion efficiency is reduced. Chinese patent No. CN202011242618.0 discloses a front silver-aluminum paste for N-type high-efficiency battery, wherein aluminum powder and silver powder are 1: the mass ratio of (78-85) can improve the conductivity of the whole silver-aluminum paste and reduce the contact resistance value of the finally prepared battery, but the aluminum powder has a slightly larger particle size, so that the problem of blocking or scraping the screen is easily caused, and the printing of the solar battery is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the silver-aluminum paste applied to the N-type battery, the performance of aluminum powder in the silver-aluminum paste is optimized, and the first aspect of the application provides an aluminum powder material for the N-type silver-aluminum paste, wherein the median diameter D50 of the aluminum powder material is 1-3 mu m, and the maximum particle D100 is less than 4.5 mu m.
As a preferred embodiment, the shape of the aluminum powder material is selected from one of a sphere, a plate, and a star.
As a preferred embodiment, the oxygen content of the aluminum powder material is less than 2% by mass, and the initial oxidation temperature of the aluminum powder material is more than 625 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the aluminum powder material comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen gas, heating an aluminum ingot to 700-1000 ℃ in a smelting furnace to be molten into aluminum liquid and preserving heat, then conveying the obtained aluminum liquid into an atomization chamber taking mixed gas as ambient gas through an aluminum liquid guide tube, spraying the mixed gas through a tightly coupled gas atomization nozzle, atomizing the aluminum liquid to form atomized aluminum liquid drops, and then cooling and rapidly solidifying under the cooling and protection of the ambient gas to form atomized aluminum powder, wherein the cooling temperature is 200-400 ℃;
(2) And (3) classifying the aluminum powder by using a nitrogen protection air flow crushing classifier, and classifying the aluminum powder prepared in the step (1) into aluminum powder materials with the particle size smaller than 4.5 microns by adjusting the air pressure of equipment to be 0.5-0.7MPa and the rotating speed of a classifying wheel to be 270-320Hz under the protection of nitrogen.
As a preferred embodiment, the mixed gas is a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, and the volume fraction of the oxygen is 1-4%.
In an N-type semiconductor solar cell, electrons are multi-electrons, holes are minority electrons, electrons in a conduction band are greatly increased by thermal excitation from a donor level transition to the conduction band, electrons in a semiconductor conduction band are far more than holes in a valence band, and conductivity is increased. However, the recombination of electrons and holes before they are effectively utilized reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The applicant finds that the large particles in the aluminum powder are removed, and the aluminum powder D100 is controlled to be smaller than 4.5 microns, so that the phenomenon of screen blocking in slurry printing can be solved, pinning pits formed by mutual dissolution of aluminum and silicon can be improved, metallized composite is reduced, and the cell sheet opening pressure is improved.
The applicant further found that the aluminum powder prepared by adopting the mixed gas protective atmosphere with the oxygen content of 2% has low oxygen content, and the oxide layer of the aluminum powder is compact. The possible reasons for the guess are: the mixed gas with the oxygen content of 2% is wrapped by the mixed gas in an atomization chamber at the moment when aluminum slurry forms aluminum liquid fog drops, and because the ratio of the oxygen in the mixed gas is extremely low, the pressure of the nitrogen in the mixed gas is large, the oxygen and the surface of the aluminum liquid drop generate instant oxidation reaction, and a formed aluminum oxide layer is not easy to form loose holes, so that a compact aluminum oxide layer is formed. The applicant further found that the onset of oxidation temperature >625 ℃ can further reduce contact resistivity, reduce metallization recombination, and improve photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The second aspect of the application provides an application of aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste, which is applied to preparation of N-type silver-aluminum paste, wherein the preparation raw materials of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprise, in parts by weight: 0.5-3 parts of aluminum powder material, 3-10 parts of glass powder, 70-90 parts of silver powder and 5-15 parts of organic carrier.
As a preferred embodiment, the glass frit is PbO-B 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 The glass powder has a softening temperature of 300-500 ℃ and a particle diameter D50 of 0.6-2 μm.
As a preferred embodiment, the particle diameter D50 of the silver powder is 1-3 μm.
As a preferred embodiment, the organic vehicle comprises, in parts by weight, 0.8 to 3 parts of a binder resin, 2 to 6 parts of a solvent and 0.7 to 3.8 parts of an auxiliary agent.
The binder resin is selected from one or a combination of several of acrylic resin, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, PVB (polyvinyl butyral Ding Quanzhi), hydrogenated rosin ester resin and thermoplastic elastomer.
As a preferred embodiment, the solvent is selected from one or a combination of several of diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, dimethyl adipate, alcohol ester twelve, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, alcohol ester sixteen.
As a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary agent comprises 0.1 to 0.8 part of dispersing agent, 0.1 to 1 part of silicone oil and 0.5 to 2 parts of thixotropic agent in parts by weight.
As a preferred embodiment, the silicone oil includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of several of methyl silicone oil, vinyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil.
As a preferred embodiment, the thixotropic agent is selected from one or a combination of several of polyethylene wax, polyamide wax, hydrogenated castor oil.
As a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing aluminum powder materials and glass powder, adding an organic carrier, uniformly stirring, then adding silver powder, and uniformly stirring;
(2) Grinding for 5-8h by a three-roller machine, and filtering by a 500-mesh filter screen to obtain the N-type silver-aluminum paste.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the aluminum powder material for the N-type silver-aluminum paste, the median diameter D50 is 1-3 mu m, and the maximum particle D100 is less than 4.5 mu m, so that the problem of screen blocking during paste printing can be solved, pinning pits formed by mutual dissolution of aluminum and silicon can be improved, metallization compounding is reduced, and the open pressure of a battery piece is improved.
(2) According to the aluminum powder material for the N-type silver-aluminum paste, the mixed gas protective atmosphere with the oxygen content is adopted in the preparation process, the prepared aluminum powder is low in oxygen content, the oxide layer of the aluminum powder is compact, and the aluminum powder material is low in contact resistivity and long in service life when applied to the silver-aluminum paste of an N-type battery.
(3) The weight ratio of the aluminum powder material to the silver powder in the prepared silver-aluminum paste is (0.5-3): (70-90) without increasing electron-hole recombination and lowering the open circuit voltage of the battery, resulting in poor printability, while ensuring a small contact resistance.
(4) The aluminum powder material for the N-type silver aluminum paste can reduce silver aluminum pinning pits formed while not affecting the formation of good ohmic contact of the N-type battery front silver aluminum paste in the metallization process, thereby reducing metallization recombination, improving battery open-circuit voltage and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a differential scanning calorimetry DSC spectrum of the aluminum powder material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an electron microscope image of the aluminum powder material prepared in example 1;
fig. 3 is a surface electron microscope image of a battery piece obtained by applying the aluminum powder material prepared in comparative example 1 to an N-type silver-aluminum paste;
fig. 4 is a surface electron microscope image of a battery piece obtained by applying the aluminum powder material prepared in example 1 to N-type silver-aluminum paste.
Detailed Description
All the raw materials not explicitly described in the present application are commercially available.
Example 1
An aluminum powder material for N-type silver aluminum paste, wherein the median diameter D50 of the aluminum powder material is 1-3 mu m, and the maximum particle D100 is less than 4.5 mu m.
The shape of the aluminum powder material is spherical; the oxygen content of the aluminum powder material is less than 2 percent, and the initial oxidation temperature of the aluminum powder material is 630 ℃. The differential scanning calorimetry DSC profile is shown in FIG. 1.
The preparation method of the aluminum powder material comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen gas, heating an aluminum ingot to 900 ℃ in a smelting furnace to be molten into aluminum liquid and preserving heat, then conveying the obtained aluminum liquid into an atomization chamber taking mixed gas as ambient gas through an aluminum liquid guide tube, spraying the mixed gas through a tightly coupled gas atomization nozzle, atomizing the aluminum liquid to form atomized aluminum liquid drops, and then cooling and solidifying at a rapid speed under the cooling and protection of the ambient gas to form atomized aluminum powder, wherein the cooling temperature is 300 ℃;
(2) And (3) classifying aluminum powder by using a nitrogen protection jet mill classifier, and classifying the aluminum powder prepared in the step (1) into aluminum powder materials with the particle size smaller than 4.5 microns by adjusting the air pressure of equipment to 0.6MPa and the rotating speed of a classifying wheel to 300Hz under the protection of nitrogen.
The mixed gas is a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, and the volume fraction of the oxygen is 2%.
The electron microscope image of the prepared aluminum powder material is shown in figure 2.
The application of the aluminum powder material for the N-type silver-aluminum paste is applied to the preparation of the N-type silver-aluminum paste, and the preparation raw materials of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprise, by weight: 2.5 parts of aluminum powder material, 6.5 parts of glass powder, 80 parts of silver powder and 10 parts of organic carrier.
The glass powder is PbO-B 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 The glass powder has a softening temperature of 300-500 ℃ and a particle diameter D50 of 0.6-2 μm.
The particle diameter D50 of the silver powder is 1-3 mu m.
The organic carrier comprises 1.5 parts by weight of binder resin, 4 parts by weight of solvent and 2.5 parts by weight of auxiliary agent.
The binder resin is cellulose acetate butyrate.
The solvent is diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate.
The auxiliary agent comprises 0.4 part of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of silicone oil and 1 part of thixotropic agent in parts by weight.
The silicone oil is methyl silicone oil.
The thixotropic agent is polyethylene wax.
The dispersant was 0.2 parts by weight of polyether phosphate and 0.2 parts by weight of acrylate.
The preparation method of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing aluminum powder materials and glass powder, adding an organic carrier, uniformly stirring, then adding silver powder, and uniformly stirring;
(2) Grinding for 8 hours by a three-roll machine, and filtering by a 500-mesh filter screen to obtain the N-type silver-aluminum paste.
Example 2
An N-type silver-aluminum paste was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that aluminum powder was used at a starting oxidation temperature of 635 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The N-type silver-aluminum paste comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of conventional aluminum powder material, 6.5 parts of glass powder, 80 parts of silver powder and 10 parts of organic carrier. The median diameter D50 of the aluminum powder in this example is 1 to 3 μm and D100 is 8 to 10. Mu.m. The onset oxidation temperature was 630 ℃.
The glass powder is PbO-B 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 The glass powder has a softening temperature of 300-500 ℃ and a particle diameter D50 of 0.6-2 μm.
The particle diameter D50 of the silver powder is 1-3 mu m.
The organic carrier comprises 1.5 parts by weight of binder resin, 4 parts by weight of solvent and 2.5 parts by weight of auxiliary agent.
The binder resin is cellulose acetate butyrate.
The solvent is diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate.
The auxiliary agent comprises 0.4 part of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of silicone oil and 1 part of thixotropic agent in parts by weight.
The silicone oil is methyl silicone oil.
The thixotropic agent is polyethylene wax.
The dispersant was 0.2 parts by weight of polyether phosphate and 0.2 parts by weight of acrylate.
The preparation method of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing aluminum powder materials and glass powder, adding an organic carrier, uniformly stirring, then adding silver powder, and uniformly stirring;
(2) Grinding for 8 hours by a three-roll machine, and filtering by a 500-mesh filter screen to obtain the N-type silver-aluminum paste.
Comparative example 2
An N-type silver-aluminum paste was similar to comparative example 1 except that a conventional aluminum powder was used, in which the starting oxidation temperature of the aluminum powder was 608 ℃.
Comparative example 3
An N-type silver-aluminum paste was similar to comparative example 1 except that a conventional aluminum powder was used, in which the aluminum powder had a starting oxidation temperature of 619 ℃.
Performance testing
The N-type silver aluminum paste prepared in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-3 is applied to the silicon-based battery piece of the N-type topcon solar battery, the surface electron microscope image of the battery piece obtained in the comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 3, and the surface electron microscope image of the battery piece obtained in the example 1 is shown in fig. 4.
Testing contact resistivity with TLM (contact resistance tester) instrument, testing minority carrier lifetime of battery piece with WCT-120 (minority carrier lifetime tester) equipment, and calculating J 01 The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Contact resistivity (mΩ cm) 2 ) | J 01 (fA/cm 2 ) | |
| Example 1 | 1.2 | 301 |
| Example 2 | 1.1 | 303 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.1 | 438 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.3 | 492 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.0 | 487 |
From the results of example 1 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that controlling the aluminum powder D100 to D100 < 4.5 μm can reduce the metallization recombination. From the results of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 2-3, it can be seen that the starting oxidation temperature of the aluminum powder material >625 ℃ can further reduce the contact resistivity, reduce the metallization recombination.
Claims (10)
1. The aluminum powder material for the N-type silver aluminum paste is characterized in that the median diameter D50 of the aluminum powder material is 1-3 mu m, and the maximum particle D100 is less than 4.5 mu m.
2. The aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the aluminum powder material is selected from one of a sphere, a plate, and a star.
3. The aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum powder material has an oxygen content mass fraction of < 2%, and the aluminum powder material has a starting oxidation temperature of >625 ℃.
4. The aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum powder material comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen gas, heating an aluminum ingot to 700-1000 ℃ in a smelting furnace to be molten into aluminum liquid and preserving heat, then conveying the obtained aluminum liquid into an atomization chamber taking mixed gas as ambient gas through an aluminum liquid guide tube, spraying the mixed gas through a tightly coupled gas atomization nozzle, atomizing the aluminum liquid to form atomized aluminum liquid drops, and then cooling and rapidly solidifying under the cooling and protection of the ambient gas to form atomized aluminum powder, wherein the cooling temperature is 200-400 ℃;
(2) And (3) classifying the aluminum powder by using a nitrogen protection air flow crushing classifier, and classifying the aluminum powder prepared in the step (1) into aluminum powder materials with the particle size smaller than 4.5 microns by adjusting the air pressure of equipment to be 0.5-0.7MPa and the rotating speed of a classifying wheel to be 270-320Hz under the protection of nitrogen.
5. The use of the aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the N-type silver-aluminum paste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-3 parts of aluminum powder material, 3-10 parts of glass powder, 70-90 parts of silver powder and 5-15 parts of organic carrier.
6. The use of aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste as claimed in claim 5, wherein the glass frit isPbO-B 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 The glass powder has a softening temperature of 300-500 ℃ and a particle diameter D50 of 0.6-2 μm.
7. The use of an aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 5, wherein the particle diameter D50 of the silver powder is 1 to 3 μm.
8. The use of aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 5, wherein the organic vehicle is a mixture comprising a binder resin selected from one or a combination of several of acrylic resin, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, PVB, hydrogenated rosin ester resin, thermoplastic elastomer, a solvent and an auxiliary agent.
9. The use of an aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 8, wherein the solvent is selected from one or a combination of several of diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, dimethyl adipate, alcohol ester twelve, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, alcohol ester sixteen.
10. The use of aluminum powder material for N-type silver-aluminum paste according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the N-type silver-aluminum paste comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing aluminum powder materials and glass powder, adding an organic carrier, uniformly stirring, then adding silver powder, and uniformly stirring;
(2) Grinding for 5-8h by a three-roller machine, and filtering by a 500-mesh filter screen to obtain the N-type silver-aluminum paste.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170120340A1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-04 | Yazaki Corporation | Aluminum-based composite material and method for producing the same |
| CN111633215A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-08 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for preparing superfine spherical aluminum powder by high-pressure atomization |
| CN112489851A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-12 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | N-type efficient battery front silver-aluminum paste |
| CN113257457A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江奕成科技有限公司 | Silver-aluminum paste for high-performance N-type solar cell front surface fine grid and preparation method thereof |
| EP4040449A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-08-10 | Guangzhou Ruxing Technology Development Co., Ltd. | Electrode slurry that makes contact with p+ emitter of n-type solar cell |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170120340A1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-04 | Yazaki Corporation | Aluminum-based composite material and method for producing the same |
| CN111633215A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-08 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for preparing superfine spherical aluminum powder by high-pressure atomization |
| CN112489851A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-12 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | N-type efficient battery front silver-aluminum paste |
| EP4040449A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-08-10 | Guangzhou Ruxing Technology Development Co., Ltd. | Electrode slurry that makes contact with p+ emitter of n-type solar cell |
| CN113257457A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江奕成科技有限公司 | Silver-aluminum paste for high-performance N-type solar cell front surface fine grid and preparation method thereof |
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