CN116734620A - Novel nickel smelting system and process - Google Patents
Novel nickel smelting system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116734620A CN116734620A CN202310768725.4A CN202310768725A CN116734620A CN 116734620 A CN116734620 A CN 116734620A CN 202310768725 A CN202310768725 A CN 202310768725A CN 116734620 A CN116734620 A CN 116734620A
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- furnace
- slag
- smelting
- depletion
- nickel
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 329
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical group O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
- F27D3/1545—Equipment for removing or retaining slag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel nickel smelting system, which comprises a side-blown smelting furnace, a slag depletion furnace and a tempering furnace; the side-blown smelting furnace and the slag depletion furnace are connected through a first chute; the side-blown smelting furnace and the tempering furnace are connected through a second chute; the side-blown smelting furnace is used for smelting nickel concentrate and nickel-containing materials to obtain side-blown slag and nickel matte; the slag depletion furnace is used for depletion of side-blown slag; the tempering furnace is used for carrying out heat preservation and blowing on the nickel matte; the oxidation reaction of sulfur, iron and other elements in the materials is more complete, and the heat released by the reaction is higher, so that the fuel consumption is lower in the smelting process of a side-blown molten pool, and the production cost is reduced. The grade of the nickel matte is high, the nickel matte material quantity is reduced, the subsequent converting process can be omitted, or the qualified high-grade nickel matte product can be produced by simple converting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, and relates to a novel nickel smelting system and process.
Background
In the traditional process, the nickel concentrate is smelted by adopting a molten pool, and the top-blown submerged smelting method belongs to the category of molten pool smelting, has been widely used in the fields of copper, tin, lead, steel and the like, and adopts an Ausmelt technology to smelt the nickel concentrate. A top-blowing immersed smelting process features that its main body is a vertical fixed cylindrical smelting furnace, refractory bricks are lined in it, and the temp of molten pool is 1300 deg.C. Air, oxygen and powdered coal required by the smelting process are sprayed into a molten pool through a spray gun, and the high-speed air flow sprayed from the head of the spray gun acts. The bath is in a state of intense agitation. The materials melt and react rapidly. Concentrate, flux, return materials and the like are added from a charging port at the top of the furnace. The low nickel matte and slag of the smelting product are put into a sedimentation electric furnace for separation, the slag is water quenched to become water quenched slag for sale, and the low nickel matte is sent into a converter for blowing to produce a high nickel matte product.
In the prior art, a top-blown immersed molten pool is adopted to smelt nickel concentrate, low nickel matte and slag of smelting products are placed into a sedimentation electric furnace for separation, and in order to reduce nickel-containing index of the sedimentation electric slag, the low nickel matte produced by the top-blown furnace has lower grade, and the general grade reaches about 28-30%. The disadvantages of such treatment are: 1. the oxidation degree of the nickel concentrate is low, and the heat of the nickel concentrate oxidation is not fully utilized, so that the fuel consumption is large, and the production cost is increased. 2. The low grade of nickel matte is low, so that the low nickel matte amount is large, and a large burden is brought to converter blowing production.
The patent 202010049546.1 discloses a one-step nickel smelting system and a one-step nickel smelting method, wherein a one-step nickel smelting device is integrated equipment and comprises a furnace body, and a molten pool smelting area and a reduction depletion area are sequentially arranged in the furnace body; the molten pool smelting zone is provided with a first charging port and a first blast port, the first charging port is connected with the raw material conveying device, and the molten pool smelting zone is used for carrying out molten pool smelting on nickel sulfide concentrate to produce high-nickel matte, smelting slag and flue gas; the reduction and depletion zone is communicated with the molten pool smelting zone and is provided with a second charging port, a second blast port and a smoke outlet, and the reduction and depletion zone is used for leading smelting slag to carry out depletion reaction to produce depleted slag and first metallized nickel matte; the equipment is used for treating nickel sulfide concentrate as raw material, high nickel matte is produced through smelting, a converting furnace is not required to be used for converting, but the depletion in the process is depletion of a small front bed in a side-blowing furnace, the depletion is simple depletion, the depletion effect is not thorough, and the equipment is not suitable for treating low-grade nonferrous metal smelting slag.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel nickel smelting system and process, which enable the oxidation reaction of sulfur, iron and other elements in materials to be more complete through smelting in a side-blown molten pool, the heat released by the reaction to be higher, the fuel consumption to be reduced, and the produced nickel matte to be high in grade and the cost of the subsequent converting process to be reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a novel nickel smelting system, which comprises a side-blown smelting furnace, a slag depletion furnace and a tempering furnace; the side-blown smelting furnace and the slag depletion furnace are connected through a first chute; the side-blown smelting furnace and the tempering furnace are connected through a second chute;
the side-blown smelting furnace is used for smelting nickel concentrate and nickel-containing materials to obtain side-blown slag and nickel matte; the slag depletion furnace is used for depletion of side-blown slag; the tempering furnace is used for carrying out heat preservation and blowing on the nickel matte;
the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a molten pool smelting area and a molten pool depletion area; the molten pool smelting zone is provided with a first blast orifice and a first charging orifice; the first blast orifice is arranged on the side wall of the smelting area of the molten pool; the first charging hole is arranged at the top of the melting zone of the molten pool;
the slag depletion furnace comprises a depletion zone and a sedimentation zone; the side wall and the furnace top of the depletion zone are provided with a molten pool heating and stirring device; the sedimentation zone is provided with a self-baking electrode, and the self-baking electrode penetrates through the furnace body and extends into the sedimentation zone; the bottom of the sedimentation zone is provided with a nickel discharge port, and the side wall of the sedimentation zone is provided with a slag discharge port; the top of the depletion zone is provided with a second feeding hole;
a third charging port is arranged at the top of the tempering furnace; the side wall of the quenching and tempering furnace is provided with a high nickel matte outlet, and the high nickel matte is quenched by water through a third chute.
Preferably, the bath heating and stirring device adopts a spray gun.
Preferably, the novel nickel smelting system further comprises a raw material conveying device, and the raw material conveying device is connected with the first feeding port, the second feeding port and the third feeding port respectively.
In a preferred scheme, the novel nickel smelting system further comprises a flue gas recovery device. The flue gas recovery device comprises a waste heat recovery unit and a dust removal unit, and the treated flue gas is subjected to acid production or desulfurization.
In a more preferable scheme, the side-blown smelting furnace, the slag depletion furnace and the tempering furnace are all provided with smoke outlets, and the smoke recovery device is connected with the smoke outlets; and a water cooling flue is arranged at the position of the smoke outlet.
In a preferred scheme, a molten pool depletion region of the side-blown smelting furnace is connected with a depletion region of the slag depletion furnace through a first chute; and (3) entering side-blown slag generated by the side-blown smelting furnace into a slag depletion furnace to be depleted and settled.
In a preferred scheme, a molten pool smelting area of the side-blown smelting furnace is connected with the tempering furnace through a second chute. And (3) intermittently discharging medium-nickel matte and high-nickel matte from the side-blown smelting furnace, and starting oxygen-enriched converting after reaching the liquid level of converting of the quenching and tempering furnace.
In a preferred scheme, the whole furnace bottom of the side-blown smelting furnace is provided with an inclination angle, the furnace bottom of a smelting zone of a molten pool is higher than the furnace bottom of a depletion zone of the molten pool, and the depletion zone of the furnace bottom is inclined to the smelting zone at an angle of 2-5 degrees.
The side-blown smelting furnace is provided with secondary air in the middle of the furnace body for burning incomplete carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur and recycling the generated heat into a molten pool.
The side-blown smelting furnace is provided with tertiary air at the top of the furnace body for secondary combustion of incomplete carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur.
In the preferred scheme, a copper water jacket partition wall is arranged between the depletion region and the sedimentation region, and the depletion region and the sedimentation region are connected; the bottom of the depletion zone is higher than the bottom of the settling zone.
The slag-depleted furnace has no hearth in the depleted zone, and the bottom of the depleted zone is 50-to-more higher than the settling zone
80mm to facilitate the flow of the slag nickel mixture produced in the depletion zone into the settling zone.
The sedimentation area of the slag depletion furnace is provided with three self-baking electrodes, besides the sedimentation function, the sedimentation area can also be used for melting water quenching slag for the side-blown smelting furnace to generate high-temperature melt, thereby greatly facilitating the open production of the side-blown smelting furnace.
The bottom of the slag depletion furnace is provided with a nickel discharge port, low nickel matte is produced and enters the tempering furnace for converting, and a high nickel matte wet-process workshop is produced to produce nickel sulfate products.
In a preferred scheme, a third blast port is arranged on the side wall of the tempering furnace, and a bottom blowing gun is arranged at the bottom of the tempering furnace.
The third blast hole is blown by wind with higher pressure, and the wind hole does not need to be cleaned. The tempering furnace can carry out side blowing and bottom blowing, namely nickel matte can be blown and materials can be melted.
The invention also provides a novel nickel smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
s1, burdening a nickel-containing material, a nickel-containing miscellaneous material, granular coal and quartz according to a set proportion to obtain a mixed material meeting the technological requirements;
s2, adding the mixed material obtained in the step S1 into a side-blown smelting furnace, ensuring the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part at 1250-1300 ℃, fully stirring the slag molten pool, and completing the physicochemical reaction;
s3, discharging side-blown slag into a slag depletion furnace through a first chute for depletion, and discharging nickel matte generated by a side-blown smelting furnace into a quenching and tempering furnace through a second chute;
s4, adding a vulcanizing agent and lump coal into the slag depletion furnace, ensuring the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part at 1250-1300 ℃, arranging spray guns on the side wall and the top of the depletion region, blowing natural gas into the slag depletion furnace, fully stirring the slag molten pool, ensuring the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent to be fully mixed with slag, and completing the physicochemical reaction;
s5, the bottom height of a depletion zone of the slag depletion furnace is higher than that of a sedimentation zone, and depleted slag flows into the sedimentation zone through the bottom of a partition wall water jacket to be sedimentated, so that the separation of side-blown slag and low nickel matte is completed;
s6, conveying the low nickel matte produced by the slag depletion furnace to a conditioning furnace for converting, and directly discharging the slag outwards or returning the slag to the slag depletion furnace for recycling;
s7, insulating or converting in a tempering furnace to produce a final product.
Further, the main components of the nickel-containing impurity material are 3 to 5 percent of Ni, 10 to 15 percent of S and 15 to 20 percent of Fe.
The invention adopts the side-blown smelting furnace to smelt, has the advantages of investment saving and low energy consumption, and is used for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate and nickel-containing materials to produce nickel matte containing 45-60 wt% of nickel, which is higher than 30% index in the traditional process.
The slag-depleting furnace comprises a depletion zone and a sedimentation zone, the depletion zone having two functions: firstly, when a side-blown smelting furnace is used for smelting high-grade nickel materials, a depletion zone has the effect of depletion of side-blown slag; secondly, when the side-blown smelting furnace has faults, the nickel materials are melted by utilizing the depletion zone to generate low-grade nickel matte, and the low-grade nickel matte is settled by the settling zone to obtain depletion slag which can be discharged.
The tempering furnace has two functions: firstly, when a side-blown smelting furnace is used for smelting high-grade nickel materials, the side-blown smelting furnace is used as a heat preservation furnace, stores high-nickel matte melt, and then goes to a high-nickel matte water quenching device for water quenching; and secondly, when the iron content of the high-nickel matte generated by the side-blown smelting furnace is high, oxygen-enriched blowing is carried out, and after the qualified high-nickel matte is reached, the high-nickel matte enters a water quenching process and enters a wet process workshop to produce a nickel sulfate product.
If the side-blown smelting furnace produces qualified high-nickel matte, water quenching is performed; if the iron content is higher than 5%, converting is carried out, and after the product is qualified, water quenching is carried out, and the product enters a wet process workshop to produce a nickel sulfate product.
The side-blown furnace molten pool of the invention is used for smelting nickel concentrate, and the produced nickel matte has higher grade and has the following advantages:
(1) The oxidation reaction of sulfur, iron and other elements in the materials is more complete, and the heat released by the reaction is higher, so that the fuel consumption is lower in the smelting process of a side-blown molten pool, and the production cost is reduced.
(2) The grade of the nickel matte is high, the nickel matte material quantity is reduced, the subsequent converting process can be omitted, or the qualified high-grade nickel matte product can be produced by simple converting.
(3) The invention improves the grade of nickel matte produced by the smelting furnace, the function part of converting is implemented in the smelting furnace, the consumption of fuel can be reduced, and nickel in smelting slag discharged from the smelting furnace can be effectively depleted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel nickel smelting system;
in the figure: 10-side-blown smelting furnace; 101-a first tuyere; 102-a molten pool smelting zone; 103-a bath depletion zone; 104-a first charging port; 105-graphite electrode;
20-slag depletion furnace; 201-a spray gun; 202-self-baking electrode; 203-nickel discharge port; 204, a slag discharge port; 205-a depletion zone; 206-a settling zone; 207-copper water jacket partition walls; 208-a second charging port;
30-tempering furnace; 301-a third charging port; 302-high nickel matte discharge port; 303-a third tuyere; 40-a first chute; 50-a second chute; 60-a raw material conveying device; 70-flue gas recovery device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a novel nickel smelting system, which comprises a raw material conveying device, a novel nickel smelting device and a flue gas treatment device; the novel nickel smelting device comprises a side-blown smelting furnace, a slag depletion electric furnace and a tempering furnace. The side-blown smelting furnace comprises a molten pool smelting area and a molten pool depletion area, the side-blown smelting furnace adopts oxygen-enriched smelting, reasonable slag type is controlled, and granular coal is properly added as a reducing agent, so that the oxidation-reduction atmosphere in the furnace can be controlled, a certain amount of heat can be provided for the side-blown smelting furnace, the heat balance in the furnace is kept, and the smooth discharge of side-blown slag and nickel matte is ensured. The bath smelting zone is used for carrying out bath smelting on nickel sulfide concentrate to produce high nickel matte containing 45-60 wt% of nickel, smelting slag and flue gas.
Side-blown smelting furnace: raw materials, flux and granular coal in a storage bin are metered by respective weighing belts, are conveyed by a belt conveyor to be continuously conveyed to a side blowing furnace charging belt, are added into the side blowing furnace, are continuously smelted in the side blowing furnace, and are blown into a slag layer through a side tuyere at a position 0.5m lower than the surface of a static molten pool. Ensures the strong stirring of slag melt, ensures the rapid and uniform distribution of furnace charge particles in the melt, and rapid melting, and rapid decomposition of sulfide or sulfate to complete the chemical reaction process. Simultaneously, under the strong stirring action, tiny nickel matte particles collide with each other to form large particles and slag phase separation, sink at the bottom of a hearth, are siphoned and discharged through a channel arranged at the bottom, high-temperature slag is siphoned and continuously discharged from a side-blown furnace through a slag channel, part of sulfur in the furnace charge enters nickel matte, and redundant sulfur escapes from a melt in a sulfur dioxide form to enter a gas phase and is discharged along with flue gas through an upper outlet of the side-blown furnace, and is sent into an acid making system through a waste heat boiler-electric dust collection-to complete flue gas treatment.
The slag-depleted furnace comprises a depleted zone and a sedimentation zone, wherein the depleted zone adopts a side-blowing and top-blowing combined blowing mode, so that the melt can be fully stirred. The feeding port is connected with the raw material conveying device; the slag-depleted electric furnace is provided with a vulcanizing agent and a reducing agent in a depletion zone, the depletion zone is connected with a sedimentation zone, and slag and nickel matte directly flow to the sedimentation zone after depletion is completed. Slag of the slag-depleted furnace is used as waste slag. Mixing low nickel matte generated by the slag depletion furnace and medium nickel matte generated by the side blowing furnace, and feeding the mixture into the tempering furnace for converting.
The tempering furnace has two functions of temperature and blowing. If the nickel matte produced by the side-blown furnace meets the quality requirement of high nickel matte, the tempering furnace plays a role of a heat preservation furnace, and the high nickel matte is directly water quenched into a wet process to produce nickel sulfate; if the content of the nickel matte iron produced by the side blowing furnace is higher, blowing is also needed by using a quenching and tempering furnace to reach the high nickel matte index, and then water quenching is performed.
The reagents used in this example are all common commercial products or prepared by conventional means, and the equipment used is conventional in the art, and the following are some examples of the inventors in experiments:
TABLE 1 analysis of the composition (content%) of Nickel concentrate
| Element(s) | Ni | Cu | Co | Fe | S | CaO | SiO 2 |
| Component% | 8～15 | 2～6 | 0.2～0.5 | 25～35 | 17～26 | 3～5 | 15～25 |
| MgO | |||||||
| 6～15 |
TABLE 2 analysis of Low Nickel matte composition (% content)
| Element(s) | Ni | Cu | Co | Fe | S | ||
| Component% | 20～30 | 50～60 | 10～12 |
The following is further illustrated by the specific examples and the accompanying drawings:
example 1
The invention relates to a novel nickel smelting system, which comprises a side-blown smelting furnace 10, a slag depletion furnace 20 and a tempering furnace 30; the side-blown smelting furnace 10 and the slag-depleted furnace 20 are connected through a first chute 40; the side-blown smelting furnace 10 and the tempering furnace 30 are connected through a second chute 50;
the side-blown smelting furnace 10 is used for smelting nickel concentrate and nickel-containing materials to obtain side-blown slag and nickel matte; the slag-depleting furnace 20 is used for depleting the side-blown slag; the tempering furnace 30 is used for carrying out heat preservation and converting on the nickel matte;
the side-blown smelting furnace 10 includes a bath smelting zone 102 and a bath depletion zone 103; the molten bath smelting zone 102 is provided with a first tuyere 101 and a first charging opening 104; the first tuyere 101 is arranged at a side wall of the molten pool smelting zone 102; the first feed inlet 104 is arranged at the top of the molten pool smelting zone 102;
slag depletion furnace 20 includes a depletion zone 205 and a settling zone 206; the side wall and the furnace top of the depletion zone 205 are provided with spray guns 201; the sedimentation zone 206 is provided with a self-baking electrode 202, and the self-baking electrode 202 passes through the furnace body and extends into the sedimentation zone 206; the bottom of the sedimentation zone 206 is provided with a nickel discharge port 203, and the side wall of the sedimentation zone 206 is provided with a slag discharge port 204; a second charging port 208 is arranged at the top of the depletion zone 205;
a third charging port 301 is arranged at the top of the tempering furnace 30; the sidewall of the quenching and tempering furnace 30 is provided with a high nickel matte discharge port 302 through which high nickel matte is water quenched.
In this embodiment, the novel nickel smelting system further includes a raw material conveying device 60, where the raw material conveying device 60 is connected to the first charging port 104, the second charging port 208, and the third charging port 301, respectively.
In this embodiment, the novel nickel smelting system also includes a flue gas recovery device 70. The flue gas recovery device 70 comprises a waste heat recovery unit and a dust removal unit, and the treated flue gas is subjected to acid production or desulfurization.
In the present embodiment, the side-blown smelting furnace 10, the slag depletion furnace 20 and the tempering furnace 30 are all provided with smoke outlets, and the smoke recovery device 70 is connected with the smoke outlets; the smoke outlet is provided with a water-cooling flue.
In this embodiment, the bath depletion region 103 of the side-blown smelting furnace 10 is connected to the depletion region 205 of the slag depletion furnace 20 by a first chute 40; the side-blown slag produced in the side-blown smelting furnace 10 enters a slag depletion furnace 20 to be depleted and settled.
In this embodiment, the bath smelting zone 102 of the side-blown smelting furnace 10 is connected to the tempering furnace 30 through the second chute 50. The side-blown smelting furnace 10 intermittently discharges nickel matte, and oxygen-enriched converting is started after the nickel matte reaches the liquid level of converting of the quenching and tempering furnace 30.
In this embodiment, the bath depletion region 103 of the side-blown smelting furnace 10 is provided with graphite electrodes 105.
In this embodiment, the overall hearth of the side-blown smelting furnace 10 is inclined at an angle of 2-5 ° from the impoverishment zone of the hearth to the smelting zone, with the hearth of the molten bath smelting zone 102 being higher than the hearth of the bath impoverishment zone 103.
The side-blown smelting furnace 10 is provided with secondary air in the middle of the furnace body for burning incomplete carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur and recycling the generated heat to the molten pool.
The side-blown smelting furnace 10 is provided with tertiary air at the top of the furnace body for secondary combustion of incomplete carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur.
In the embodiment, a copper water jacket partition wall 207 is arranged between the depletion region 205 and the sedimentation region 206, and the depletion region 205 and the sedimentation region 206 are connected; the bottom of the depletion zone 205 is higher than the bottom of the settling zone 206.
The impoverishment area 205 of the slag impoverishment furnace 20 is not provided with a hearth, and the furnace bottom height of the impoverishment area is 50-80 mm higher than that of the sedimentation area, so that slag-nickel mixture generated in the impoverishment area flows into the sedimentation area.
The sedimentation zone 206 of the slag-depleted furnace 20 is provided with three self-baking electrodes 202, and besides the sedimentation function, the sedimentation zone can also be used for melting water quenching slag for the side-blown smelting furnace 10 to generate high-temperature melt, so that the open furnace production of the side-blown smelting furnace is greatly facilitated.
The bottom of the slag depletion furnace 20 is provided with a nickel discharge port 203, low nickel matte is produced and enters the tempering furnace 30 for converting, and a high nickel matte wet-process workshop is produced to produce nickel sulfate products.
In the present embodiment, the sidewall of the tempering furnace 30 is provided with a third tuyere 303, and the bottom of the tempering furnace 30 is provided with a bottom blowing gun.
The third tuyere 303 is blown in with a higher pressure wind, and cleaning of the tuyere is not required.
In this embodiment, the tempering furnace 30 may perform side-blowing or bottom-blowing, i.e. may blow nickel matte or melt materials.
Example 2
The invention also provides a novel nickel smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) batching:
the added materials of the side-blown smelting furnace are nickel concentrate 80%, low nickel matte 10%, nickel-containing miscellaneous materials 10%, granular coal and quartz stone, and the ingredients are mixed according to the proportion of 16:3:3:2:1; the oxygen enrichment concentration is 55-75%, and the iron-silicon ratio of the slag produced during smelting the nickel slag reaches 1.1-1.3; the main components of the nickel-containing impurity material are Ni 3-5%, S10-15% and Fe 15-20%;
1) Smelting in a side-blown molten pool, fully stirring a slag molten pool at a high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃ to ensure that nickel materials, granular coal, flux and slag are fully mixed, and finishing physical and chemical reactions.
2) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured.
3) Secondary air is introduced into the side-blown furnace body to burn carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur, and then heat generated by the combustion is returned to the molten pool.
4) And tertiary air is introduced into a flue at the top of the side-blown furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept to be 2% -3%, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching standards.
5) The nickel matte generated by the side-blown furnace is discharged into the tempering furnace through a chute, and the side-blown slag is discharged into the slag depletion furnace through the chute for depletion.
B. Slag depletion furnace:
adding materials of a vulcanizing agent and lump coal into the slag-depletion electric furnace, mixing according to the proportion of 2:1, drying, pressing into balls, and adding into the slag-depletion electric furnace;
1) And (3) at the high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃, the side wall of the depletion region and the top spray gun blow natural gas in the furnace, fully agitate a slag molten pool, ensure that vulcanizing agent, depletion agent and slag are fully mixed, and complete physicochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the heat preservation effect in the non-dilution production can be performed, and the temperature of a molten pool in the dilution zone is ensured.
2) The bottom height of the reinforced depletion zone is higher than that of the electric heating sedimentation zone, and the depleted slag flows into the electric heating sedimentation zone through the bottom of the partition wall water jacket to be sedimentated, so that the separation of the side-blown slag and the low nickel matte is completed, and the purpose of recovering the metal nickel in the side-blown slag is achieved. The slag surface of the depletion zone keeps 1.6 m-2 m depth, a molten pool consisting of side slag is sprayed with natural gas into the molten pool through the side wall of the depletion zone and a top spray gun, so that the inside of the molten pool is in a reducing atmosphere, and the natural gas is blown to a slag layer.
3) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured;
4) And secondary air is introduced into the top flue of the enhanced depletion electric furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept between 2 and 3 percent, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching the standard.
5) And feeding the nickel matte from the reinforced depletion electric furnace into a converting furnace for converting, and returning the slag to the slag depletion electric furnace for treatment. C. And (5) preserving heat or converting in a quenching and tempering furnace to produce a final product.
TABLE 3 analysis of the composition of the produced materials in example 2
Example 3
The invention also provides a novel nickel smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) batching:
the added materials of the side blowing furnace are 70% of nickel concentrate, 20% of low nickel matte and 10% of granular coal and quartz stone of nickel-containing miscellaneous materials, and the ingredients are mixed according to the proportion of 14:3:2:2:1; the oxygen enrichment concentration is 55-75%, and the iron-silicon ratio of the slag produced during smelting the nickel slag reaches 1.1-1.3;
2) Smelting in a side-blown molten pool, fully stirring a slag molten pool at a high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃ to ensure that nickel materials, granular coal, flux and slag are fully mixed, and finishing physical and chemical reactions.
2) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured.
3) Secondary air is introduced into the side-blown furnace body to burn carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur, and then heat generated by the combustion is returned to the molten pool.
4) And tertiary air is introduced into a flue at the top of the side-blown furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept to be 2% -3%, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching standards.
5) The nickel matte generated by the side-blown furnace is discharged into the tempering furnace through a chute, and the side-blown slag is discharged into the slag depletion furnace through the chute for depletion.
C. Slag depletion furnace:
adding materials of a vulcanizing agent and lump coal into the slag-depletion electric furnace, mixing according to the proportion of 2:1, drying, pressing into balls, and adding into the slag-depletion electric furnace;
1) And (3) at the high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃, the side wall of the depletion region and the top spray gun blow natural gas in the furnace, fully agitate a slag molten pool, ensure that vulcanizing agent, depletion agent and slag are fully mixed, and complete physicochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the heat preservation effect in the non-dilution production can be performed, and the temperature of a molten pool in the dilution zone is ensured.
2) The bottom height of the reinforced depletion zone is higher than that of the electric heating sedimentation zone, and the depleted slag flows into the electric heating sedimentation zone through the bottom of the partition wall water jacket to be sedimentated, so that the separation of the side-blown slag and the low nickel matte is completed, and the purpose of recovering the metal nickel in the side-blown slag is achieved. The slag surface of the depletion zone keeps 1.6 m-2 m depth, a molten pool consisting of side slag is sprayed with natural gas into the molten pool through the side wall of the depletion zone and a top spray gun, so that the inside of the molten pool is in a reducing atmosphere, and the natural gas is blown to a slag layer.
3) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured;
4) And secondary air is introduced into the top flue of the enhanced depletion electric furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept between 2 and 3 percent, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching the standard.
5) And feeding the nickel matte from the reinforced depletion electric furnace into a converting furnace for converting, and returning the slag to the slag depletion electric furnace for treatment. C. And (5) preserving heat or converting in a quenching and tempering furnace to produce a final product.
TABLE 4 analysis of the composition of produced materials in example 3
Example 4
The invention also provides a novel nickel smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) batching:
the added materials of the side blowing furnace are nickel concentrate 75%, low nickel matte 15%, nickel-containing miscellaneous materials 10%, nickel-containing miscellaneous materials, granular coal and quartz according to the proportion of 15:3:4:2:1; the oxygen enrichment concentration is 55-75%, and the iron-silicon ratio of the slag produced during smelting the nickel slag reaches 1.1-1.3;
3) Smelting in a side-blown molten pool, fully stirring a slag molten pool at a high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃ to ensure that nickel materials, granular coal, flux and slag are fully mixed, and finishing physical and chemical reactions.
2) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured.
3) Secondary air is introduced into the side-blown furnace body to burn carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur, and then heat generated by the combustion is returned to the molten pool.
4) And tertiary air is introduced into a flue at the top of the side-blown furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept to be 2% -3%, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching standards.
5) The nickel matte generated by the side-blown furnace is discharged into the tempering furnace through a chute, and the side-blown slag is discharged into the slag depletion furnace through the chute for depletion.
D. Slag depletion furnace:
adding materials of a vulcanizing agent and lump coal into the slag-depletion electric furnace, mixing according to the proportion of 2:1, drying, pressing into balls, and adding into the slag-depletion electric furnace;
1) And (3) at the high temperature of 1250-1300 ℃, the side wall of the depletion region and the top spray gun blow natural gas in the furnace, fully agitate a slag molten pool, ensure that vulcanizing agent, depletion agent and slag are fully mixed, and complete physicochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the heat preservation effect in the non-dilution production can be performed, and the temperature of a molten pool in the dilution zone is ensured.
2) The bottom height of the reinforced depletion zone is higher than that of the electric heating sedimentation zone, and the depleted slag flows into the electric heating sedimentation zone through the bottom of the partition wall water jacket to be sedimentated, so that the separation of the side-blown slag and the low nickel matte is completed, and the purpose of recovering the metal nickel in the side-blown slag is achieved. The slag surface of the depletion zone keeps 1.6 m-2 m depth, a molten pool consisting of side slag is sprayed with natural gas into the molten pool through the side wall of the depletion zone and a top spray gun, so that the inside of the molten pool is in a reducing atmosphere, and the natural gas is blown to a slag layer.
3) Lump coal is added from the furnace top as a reducing agent, so that the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part are ensured;
4) And secondary air is introduced into the top flue of the enhanced depletion electric furnace, so that carbon monoxide and elemental sulfur in the flue gas can be completely combusted, the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas is kept between 2 and 3 percent, and then the part of flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment after heat is recovered by a heat pipe waste heat boiler and is discharged after reaching the standard.
5) And feeding the nickel matte from the reinforced depletion electric furnace into a converting furnace for converting, and returning the slag to the slag depletion electric furnace for treatment. C. And (5) preserving heat or converting in a quenching and tempering furnace to produce a final product.
TABLE 5 analysis of the composition of produced materials in example 4
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The novel nickel smelting system is characterized by comprising a side-blown smelting furnace (10), a slag depletion furnace (20) and a tempering furnace (30); the side-blown smelting furnace (10) and the slag depletion furnace (20) are connected through a first chute (40); the side-blown smelting furnace (10) and the tempering furnace (30) are connected through a second chute (50);
the side-blown smelting furnace (10) is used for smelting nickel concentrate and nickel-containing materials to obtain side-blown slag and nickel matte; the slag-depleting furnace (20) is used for depleting side-blown slag; the tempering furnace (30) is used for carrying out heat preservation and blowing on nickel matte;
the side-blown smelting furnace (10) comprises a molten pool smelting zone (102) and a molten pool depletion zone (103); the molten pool smelting zone (102) is provided with a first blast opening (101) and a first charging opening (104); the first blast opening (101) is arranged on the side wall of the smelting zone (102) of the molten pool; the first charging port (104) is arranged at the top of the molten pool smelting zone (102);
the slag depletion furnace (20) comprises a depletion zone (205) and a settling zone (206); the side wall and the furnace top of the depletion zone (205) are provided with a molten pool heating and stirring device (201); the sedimentation area (206) is provided with a self-baking electrode (202), and the self-baking electrode (202) penetrates through the furnace body and extends into the sedimentation area (206); the bottom of the sedimentation zone (206) is provided with a nickel discharge port (203), and the side wall of the sedimentation zone (206) is provided with a slag discharge port (204); a second charging port (208) is arranged at the top of the depletion zone (205);
a third feeding port (301) is arranged at the top of the tempering furnace (30); the side wall of the tempering furnace (30) is provided with a high nickel matte outlet (302).
2. The novel nickel smelting system according to claim 1, further comprising a raw material conveying device (60), wherein the raw material conveying device (60) is connected with the first charging port (104), the second charging port (208) and the third charging port (301), respectively.
3. A new nickel smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the new nickel smelting system further comprises a flue gas recovery device (70); the flue gas recovery device (70) comprises a waste heat recovery unit and a dust removal unit, and the treated flue gas is subjected to acid preparation or desulfurization.
4. A novel nickel smelting system according to claim 3, wherein the side-blown smelting furnace (10), the slag depletion furnace (20) and the tempering furnace (30) are all provided with smoke outlets, and the smoke recovery device (70) is connected with the smoke outlets; and a water cooling flue is arranged at the position of the smoke outlet.
5. The novel nickel smelting system of claim 1, wherein the bath depletion zone (103) of the side-blown smelting furnace (10) is connected to the depletion zone (205) of the slag depletion furnace (20) by a first chute (40); the side-blown slag generated by the side-blown smelting furnace (10) enters a slag depletion furnace (20) to be depleted and settled.
6. The novel nickel smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the bath smelting zone (102) of the side-blown smelting furnace (10) is connected to the tempering furnace (30) through a second chute (50).
7. A new nickel smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall hearth of the side-blown smelting furnace (10) is provided with an angle of inclination, the hearth of the bath smelting zone (102) being higher than the hearth of the bath depletion zone (103), the angle being 2-5 ° from the depletion zone of the hearth to the smelting zone.
8. The novel nickel smelting system according to claim 1, wherein a copper water jacket partition wall (207) is arranged between the depletion zone (205) and the sedimentation zone (206), and the depletion zone (205) and the sedimentation zone (206) are connected; the bottom of the depletion zone (205) is higher than the bottom of the settling zone (206).
9. The novel nickel smelting system according to claim 1, wherein a third blast port (303) is arranged on the side wall of the tempering furnace (30), and a bottom blowing gun is arranged at the bottom of the tempering furnace (30).
10. The novel nickel smelting process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, burdening a nickel-containing material, a nickel-containing miscellaneous material, granular coal and quartz according to a set proportion to obtain a mixed material meeting the technological requirements;
s2, adding the mixed material obtained in the step S1 into a side-blown smelting furnace (10), and fully stirring a slag smelting pool to complete a physicochemical reaction at 1250-1300 ℃ to ensure the heat of the smelting pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part;
s3, discharging side-blown slag into a slag depletion furnace (20) through a first chute (40) for depletion, and discharging nickel matte generated by the side-blown smelting furnace into a tempering furnace (30) through a second chute (50);
s4, adding vulcanizing agent and lump coal into the slag depletion furnace (20), ensuring the heat of a molten pool and the reducing atmosphere at the upper part at the temperature of 1250-1300 ℃, arranging a molten pool heating stirring device (201) on the side wall and the top of the depletion region, blowing natural gas into the slag depletion furnace, fully stirring the slag molten pool, ensuring the vulcanizing agent, the reducing agent and slag to be fully mixed, and completing the physicochemical reaction;
s5, the bottom height of a depletion zone of the slag depletion furnace (20) is higher than that of a sedimentation zone, and the depleted slag flows into the sedimentation zone through the bottom of the partition wall water jacket to be sedimentated, so that the separation of the side-blown slag and the low nickel matte is completed;
s6, conveying the low nickel matte produced by the slag depletion furnace (20) to a tempering furnace (30) for converting, and directly discharging slag outwards or returning the slag to the slag depletion furnace for recycling;
s7, insulating or converting by using a tempering furnace (30) to produce a final product.
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