CN116733525A - Person-vehicle partition evacuation rescue method for fire accident in ultralong highway tunnel with service tunnel - Google Patents
Person-vehicle partition evacuation rescue method for fire accident in ultralong highway tunnel with service tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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Abstract
The application discloses a fire accident personnel-vehicle partition evacuation rescue method for an ultralong highway tunnel with a service tunnel, which comprises the following steps: dividing an evacuation area for a fire tunnel; the evacuation zone comprises: an emergency evacuation zone and a number of independent evacuation zones; sequentially evacuating personnel and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area; after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is completed, rescue and fire-fighting work is started; and sequentially evacuating vehicles in the independent evacuation areas while rescue and fire-fighting works are carried out. The application can realize synchronous carrying out of people and vehicle evacuation and fire-extinguishing rescue, the whole vehicle evacuation process is one-way running, no vehicle meeting behavior is caused, the evacuation rescue efficiency is high, the special design of a tunnel structure is not needed, all involved people and vehicle running and evacuation paths can be realized through the linkage of the existing equipment in the tunnel, and the method is easy to realize and popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of tunnel engineering and safety, and particularly relates to a passenger-vehicle subarea evacuation rescue method for a fire accident of an ultralong highway tunnel with a service tunnel.
Background
Along with the continuous extension of traffic infrastructure construction to southwest mountain areas of China, a large number of ultra-long highway tunnels continuously emerge, and according to incomplete statistics, dozens of ultra-long highway tunnels with the length of more than 15km are established at present, and ultra-long highway tunnels with the length of more than 20km are continuously generated in the future. For the tunnel which belongs to a longitudinal long and narrow space structure, after a fire disaster occurs, the smoke spreading direction is basically consistent with the vehicle evacuation path, so that the vehicles in the tunnel need to be driven away from the tunnel in time after the fire disaster occurs. In addition, the common mountain area at the highway tunnel is difficult for external rescue force to reach the accident point in time to spread out fire-fighting and rescue. Therefore, how to effectively evacuate and rescue trapped vehicles and people in a tunnel after a fire accident is always the most concerned problem of tunnel operation management units.
For an ultralong highway tunnel, when the length reaches tens of kilometers, in order to shorten the construction period and realize long tunnel short-time tunneling, a middle pilot tunnel is added on the basis of setting an inclined shaft. In the tunnel construction period, the middle pilot tunnel can be constructed before the main tunnel, after the tunnel is excavated to a certain length, the tunnel is transversely excavated to main tunnel line positions at two sides, and then the main tunnel is excavated; after the tunnel is built, the middle pilot tunnel is changed into a service tunnel, and the service tunnel is connected with the main tunnels at two sides through transverse channels, so that the service tunnel can be used for maintaining the tunnel under the condition of not interfering normal traffic in the main tunnels, and can be used as one of evacuation rescue channels when an accident causes a fire disaster.
In the process of evacuation of fire accidents in highway tunnels, fire tunnels and non-fire tunnels are usually distinguished first. For a fire tunnel, a fire accident point is taken as a boundary, a fire downstream area is generally defined from a fire source to an outlet area of the fire tunnel, and a fire upstream area is defined from a fire source to an inlet area of the fire tunnel. For vehicles in fire downstream areas of non-fire tunnels and fire tunnels, the vehicles can quickly and normally drive away from the tunnels after the fire occurs. For vehicles in the fire source upstream area of the fire tunnel, the vehicles cannot move forward due to the fire in front of the vehicles, and the vehicles need to enter other channels through transverse channels for evacuation. Therefore, how to effectively evacuate vehicles in the area upstream of the fire source in time is a key in emergency rescue of tunnel fire accidents.
For a common double-hole highway tunnel, after a fire disaster occurs, a non-fire tunnel is required to be changed into one-way driving, vehicles and personnel to be evacuated in the fire disaster tunnel enter the non-fire tunnel through a transverse passage, the vehicles travel away from the tunnel in a reverse direction, and the personnel wait for rescue. Obviously, for the ultralong highway tunnel, because the vehicles to be evacuated in the fire tunnel are more, a large number of evacuated vehicles flow into the non-fire tunnel and then reverse for a long time, accidents are easy to occur between the large number of evacuated vehicles and the opposite vehicles, the vehicles cannot evacuate, and the evacuation efficiency is influenced and simultaneously, the larger potential safety hazard is brought. In addition, for the ultralong highway tunnel, the difficulty of organizing all non-fire tunnel vehicles to travel right in a short time is high.
The ultra-long highway tunnel with the service tunnel is in a three-hole parallel tunnel form which is newly appeared in recent years, is different from the urban underwater shield tunnel, and the urban underwater shield tunnel is also provided with the service tunnel, but has the functions of burying cables, transversely discharging smoke from a main hole and being used for evacuating people in the main hole, but cannot be used for vehicle evacuation. For the super-long highway tunnel with the service tunnel, one of the main functions of the service tunnel is as an evacuation channel under a fire accident. However, considering that the service tunnel is generally smaller in section, the single-vehicle unidirectional driving can be only satisfied, for example, all vehicles in an upstream area of a fire disaster can be simultaneously gathered into the service tunnel through a transverse channel, traffic blocking in the service tunnel is also caused, and the vehicles cannot quickly leave the service tunnel, so that the evacuation efficiency is affected.
In addition, the evacuation rescue under the tunnel fire accident in the traditional mode is generally carried out in stages at present, wherein the first stage is an evacuation stage, namely vehicles and personnel in the fire tunnel are mainly evacuated to a safe position as soon as possible; the second stage is a fire extinguishing stage, and after the first stage is finished, fire fighting and medical staff can enter the tunnel to carry out fire extinguishing rescue. Obviously, for the ultra-long highway tunnel, because the vehicles are more evacuated, the first stage time is longer, and the fire fighting and medical staff can hardly arrive at the fire accident point in time, and the golden time for fire extinguishment and rescue is missed. For an ultra-long highway tunnel, fire stations are arranged at two ends of the tunnel and are provided with certain fire-fighting vehicles and materials, so that how to synchronously carry out evacuation and rescue by using the service tunnel is also a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the passenger-vehicle zone evacuation rescue method for the fire accident of the super-long highway tunnel with the service tunnel, the special design of the tunnel structure is not needed, all the involved passenger-vehicle running and evacuation paths can be realized through the linkage of the existing equipment in the tunnel, and the method is easy to realize and popularize.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a fire accident personnel-vehicle partition evacuation rescue method for an ultralong highway tunnel with a service tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
dividing an evacuation area for a fire tunnel; the evacuation zone comprises: an emergency evacuation zone and a number of independent evacuation zones;
sequentially evacuating personnel and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area;
after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is completed, rescue and fire-fighting work is started;
and simultaneously carrying out rescue and fire-fighting work, and sequentially evacuating vehicles in the independent evacuation areas.
Optionally, dividing the evacuation area for the fire tunnel includes:
regarding a vehicle transverse channel closest to a vertical shaft along the opposite direction of tunnel driving as a zoned vehicle channel in an upstream fire zone;
taking the partitioned vehicle passage as a boundary, and dividing an upstream fire zone into an emergency evacuation zone and a plurality of independent evacuation zones in sequence from a fire accident point; the zoning vehicle channel belongs to a fire upstream evacuation area along the opposite direction of the tunnel driving.
Optionally, sequentially evacuating people and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area includes:
dividing the emergency evacuation area into a personnel emergency evacuation area and a vehicle emergency evacuation area;
firstly, evacuating the people in the emergency evacuation area, and then evacuating the vehicles in the emergency evacuation area.
Optionally, dividing the person emergency evacuation area and the vehicle emergency evacuation area includes:
when the crosswalk closest to the fire source point is a crosswalk along the upstream direction of the fire in the emergency evacuation area, firstly, regarding the crosswalk closest to the fire accident point as a zoned crosswalk of the emergency evacuation area; then, the emergency evacuation area is divided into the personnel emergency evacuation area and the vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the upstream direction of fire; if the fire accident point is just positioned at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled;
when the emergency evacuation area is in the upstream direction of a fire disaster, the transverse channel closest to the fire source point is a transverse channel of a vehicle, and the transverse channel of the vehicle closest to the fire disaster point is regarded as the regional vehicle channel of the emergency evacuation area; then, the emergency evacuation area is divided into the personnel emergency evacuation area and the vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the upstream direction of fire; if the fire accident point is just located at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled.
Optionally, evacuating the people in the emergency evacuation area, and evacuating the vehicles in the emergency evacuation area includes:
the personnel abandoned vehicle in the personnel emergency evacuation area is evacuated by a pedestrian crosswalk or a vehicular crosswalk which is closest to a fire source point in the fire upstream area, passes through a service tunnel, and enters a non-fire tunnel side crosswalk to wait for rescue; when the transverse channel of the fire upstream area closest to the fire source point is a transverse channel of a vehicle, the transverse channel of the vehicle is changed into a transverse channel of a pedestrian for use;
and after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is finished, vehicles in the emergency evacuation area of the vehicle enter the service tunnel through the front vehicle channels and exit the service tunnel forward, so that the evacuation is finished.
Optionally, performing rescue and fire works includes:
the rescue vehicle and the fire engine travel along with the social vehicle which is not in the fire tunnel and is driving away from the tunnel, and travel to the personnel evacuation position of the personnel emergency evacuation area, and the rescue vehicle carries evacuation personnel to travel away from the tunnel; the fire engine passes through the service tunnel to enter the fire upstream area after the vehicles in the service tunnel are completely evacuated from the emergency evacuation area from the nearest vehicle passage in the fire upstream direction to the fire source point, and the fire engine is unfolded to extinguish fire.
Optionally, sequentially evacuating vehicles in the independent evacuation zones includes:
when the number of the independent evacuation areas at the upstream of the fire source is an odd number, vehicles in the odd number independent evacuation areas start to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward to leave the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel at the front; in the evacuation process, when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service passage passes through the position of the lane of the even independent evacuation area, the vehicles in the even independent evacuation area start to evacuate;
when the number of the independent evacuation areas at the upstream of the fire source is even, vehicles in the odd independent evacuation areas begin to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward from the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel at the front; when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service passage passes through the position of the regional vehicle passage of the maximum odd independent evacuation region, the vehicles in the maximum even independent evacuation region start evacuating; thereafter, the even independent evacuation zone vehicles begin to evacuate when the last vehicle of the evacuating vehicles in the service aisle passes through the even independent evacuation zone vehicle aisle position.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:
carrying out regional evacuation on vehicles in an upstream area of a fire disaster, and preferentially ensuring the evacuation of vehicles in an area close to a fire source;
the whole vehicle evacuation process is one-way running, no vehicle meeting behavior exists, secondary accidents are avoided, and evacuation efficiency is improved;
the simultaneous evacuation and fire-extinguishing rescue of people and vehicles are realized, and the fire accident disposal efficiency is improved;
the special design of the tunnel structure is not needed, all the related people and vehicles driving and evacuation paths can be realized through the linkage of the existing equipment in the tunnel, and the method is easy to realize and popularize.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fire upstream evacuation area according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first evacuation of a person emergency evacuation area according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle emergency evacuation area with priority evacuation according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of evacuation personnel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a fire truck fire rescue in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an odd independent evacuation area according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is an even independent evacuation area evacuation schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
The regional evacuation rescue method for the fire accident personnel and vehicles in the ultralong highway tunnel with the service tunnel provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps of:
s1, dividing fire tunnel evacuation areas
For an ultralong highway tunnel, a vertical shaft with air supply and smoke exhaust functions is generally arranged at a position not exceeding 5km according to standard requirements, and the tunnel is divided into a plurality of smoke exhaust partitions. When a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, the smoke can only flow in the smoke discharging subarea where the fire disaster is located, and cannot invade the other smoke discharging subarea. Thus, for areas upstream of a fire, such as where the vehicle is not in the same smoke zone as the fire spot, it can be seen that it is relatively less affected by the fire, and the further away the distance the higher the safety. Therefore, the fire upstream area can be partitioned, partitioned evacuation is realized, and the evacuation efficiency is improved. However, the evacuation area is divided by using the vertical shaft as a boundary, so that vehicles between the vertical shaft and the nearest transverse passage of the fire upstream tunnel in the opposite direction can be evacuated only by turning around and reversing, and the evacuation efficiency is seriously influenced. Therefore, the evacuation area of the tunnel is divided, and the nearest transverse passage of the tunnel driving opposite direction from the vertical shaft at the upstream of the fire is taken as a boundary.
The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, defining a nearest vehicle transverse channel along the reverse direction of tunnel driving from a vertical shaft along an upstream fire zone as a zone vehicle channel of an independent evacuation zone; then, taking the partitioned vehicle passage as a boundary, and dividing the fire upstream area into an emergency evacuation area, an independent evacuation area-1, an independent evacuation area-2 and an independent evacuation area-3 … … in sequence from a fire accident point, wherein the partitioned vehicle passage belongs to the fire upstream direction evacuation area.
S2, dividing personnel and vehicle emergency evacuation areas
For the emergency evacuation area, vehicles in the fire disaster point and the first transverse passage in the upstream direction of the fire disaster cannot leave the tunnel because vehicles are forbidden to reverse in the tunnel, and drivers and passengers have to abandon the vehicles for evacuation. Therefore, the emergency evacuation area needs to be further divided into personnel and vehicles.
The specific method comprises the following steps: (1) when the nearest transverse passage from the fire source point is a pedestrian transverse passage along the upstream direction of the fire in the emergency evacuation area, the regional vehicle passages of the emergency evacuation area of the nearest transverse passage from the fire accident point are defined first. Then, dividing the emergency evacuation area into a person emergency evacuation area and a vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking an emergency evacuation area partition vehicle channel as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle channel belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the fire upstream direction; if the fire accident point is just located at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled.
(2) When the emergency evacuation area is located in the fire upstream direction, the transverse channel closest to the fire source point is a vehicle transverse channel, and the second vehicle transverse channel closest to the fire accident point is defined to divide the vehicle channels in the emergency evacuation area. Then, dividing the emergency evacuation area into a person emergency evacuation area and a vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking an emergency evacuation area partition vehicle channel as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle channel belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the fire upstream direction; if the fire accident point is just located at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled.
S3, first evacuation in emergency evacuation area of personnel
A transverse communication channel, in particular a pedestrian transverse channel and a vehicle transverse channel, is arranged between the two tunnels or the main tunnel and the service tunnel of the highway tunnel and is respectively used for evacuating people and vehicles. The two types of transverse channels are arranged in a staggered way, the distance between the pedestrian transverse channels is 200-250m, and the distance between the pedestrian transverse channels is not more than 750m. For the ultra-long highway tunnel with the service tunnel, the evacuation personnel are nearest to the fire source, so that the personnel safety is ensured by first evacuating.
The specific method comprises the following steps: the passengers and passengers in the emergency evacuation area abandon the vehicle and evacuate from the nearest transverse passage of the fire upstream area and pass through the service tunnel to enter the transverse passage at the side of the non-fire tunnel to wait for rescue. If the nearest transverse passage at the upstream of the fire disaster is a transverse passage of a vehicle, the transverse passage of the vehicle is changed into a transverse passage of a pedestrian.
S4, vehicle emergency evacuation area preferential evacuation
After the fire disaster occurs, the rolling shutter door of the transverse passage of the vehicle in the upstream area of the fire disaster is automatically opened, and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area of the vehicle are evacuated according to the information prompt of the information board and the information sign of the lane indicator and the information indicator in the tunnel.
The specific method comprises the following steps: and after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is finished, vehicles in the emergency evacuation area of the vehicle enter the service tunnel from the front vehicle channels and exit the service tunnel forward, so that the evacuation is finished.
S5, rescue and fire truck rescue
After fire disaster occurs, two main holes of the tunnel can prohibit social vehicles from driving in. All vehicles in the non-fire tunnel quickly travel out of the tunnel. Thus, starting from the evacuation rescue of a fire accident, the vehicle-free area between the entrance of the tunnel in the non-fire tunnel and the last vehicle in front of the tunnel will gradually expand over time. For an ultralong highway tunnel, fire rescue stations are arranged at two ends of the tunnel. Therefore, after a fire accident occurs in the tunnel, the fire-fighting rescue station vehicle can immediately start to move, enter the fire tunnel from the non-fire tunnel, and be expanded for rescue from the upstream area close to the fire accident point.
The specific method comprises the following steps: the rescue vehicle and the fire truck travel along with the social vehicle which is not in the fire tunnel and is driving away from the tunnel, and travel to the personnel evacuation position of the personnel emergency evacuation area, and the rescue vehicle carries evacuated personnel to travel away from the tunnel; the fire engine passes through the service tunnel to enter the fire upstream area after the vehicles in the service tunnel are completely evacuated from the emergency evacuation area from the nearest car channel in the fire upstream direction, and the fire engine is unfolded to extinguish fire.
S6, sequentially evacuating vehicles in independent evacuating areas
Because the service tunnel is a single-row single lane, vehicles in independent evacuation areas of an upstream area of a fire disaster enter the service tunnel for evacuation from a vehicle channel at the same time, so that the vehicles are likely to be jammed, even accidents are caused, and the evacuation efficiency is affected. Therefore, it is considered that smoke does not intrude into the independent evacuation area upstream of the fire, and for an ultralong highway tunnel, the more safe the independent evacuation area is, the farther from the fire accident point, the less urgent evacuation may be. Therefore, for the vehicles in the independent evacuation areas of the fire upstream area, the evacuation is carried out in batches in intervals, and the evacuation pressure in the service tunnel is reduced as much as possible. After the fire engine passes through the service tunnel and enters the fire tunnel, vehicles in the independent evacuation areas start to evacuate in sequence. The vehicles in the independent evacuation areas are evacuated in sequence while rescue and fire-fighting work is carried out.
The specific method comprises the following steps: (1) when the number of the fire source upstream evacuation areas is odd, vehicles in the odd independent evacuation areas begin to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward to leave the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel in front. During the evacuation process, when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service passage passes through the position of the lane of the even independent evacuation area, the vehicles in the even independent evacuation area start to evacuate. (2) When the number of the fire source upstream evacuation areas is even, vehicles in the odd independent evacuation areas begin to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward to leave the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel in front. And when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service aisle passes through the lane position of the maximum odd independent evacuation area, the vehicles in the maximum even independent evacuation area start evacuating. Thereafter, the even independent evacuation zone vehicles begin to evacuate when the last vehicle of the evacuating vehicles in the service aisle passes an even independent evacuation zone vehicle aisle position.
The fire disaster occurring in the four-shaft ultralong highway tunnel with the service tunnel is taken as an example, and the specific application of the method in the embodiment is described below.
S1, dividing a fire tunnel evacuation area: and dividing an evacuation area in an upstream area of the fire disaster by taking the position of the fire disaster as a boundary. Specifically, along the upstream direction of the fire, the fire upstream area is divided into an emergency evacuation area, an independent evacuation area-1, an independent evacuation area-2 and an independent evacuation area-3 in sequence by taking a transverse vehicle passage (a partition vehicle passage) closest to a vertical shaft as a boundary, wherein the partition vehicle passage also belongs to independent evacuation in the upstream direction of the fire (fig. 1).
S2, dividing personnel and vehicle emergency evacuation areas: the crosswalk closest to the fire source point in the fire upstream area is a pedestrian crosswalk, the crosswalk closest to the fire accident point (the partitioned vehicle passage) is taken as a boundary, the emergency evacuation area is sequentially divided into a person emergency evacuation area and a vehicle emergency evacuation area, and the partitioned vehicle passage belongs to the vehicle evacuation area in the fire upstream direction (figure 1).
S3, first evacuating in the emergency evacuation area: the passengers in the emergency evacuation area are abandoned and evacuated by the nearest transverse channel in the fire upstream area and pass through the service tunnel, and enter the transverse channel at the non-fire tunnel side to wait for rescue. As in fig. 2.
S4, preferentially evacuating the vehicle emergency evacuation area: and after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is finished, vehicles in the emergency evacuation area of the vehicle enter the service tunnel from the front vehicle channels and exit the service tunnel forward, so that the evacuation is finished. As in fig. 3.
S5, rescue and fire truck rescue: the rescue vehicle and the fire truck immediately travel away from the social vehicle of the tunnel along with the non-fire tunnel, travel to the personnel evacuation position of the personnel emergency evacuation area, and the rescue vehicle carries evacuation personnel to travel away from the tunnel; the fire engine passes through the service tunnel to enter the fire upstream area after the vehicles in the emergency evacuation area are completely evacuated through the nearby vehicle channels, and the fire engine is unfolded to extinguish fire and rescue. As in fig. 4 and 5.
S6, vehicle evacuation in odd independent evacuation areas: the fire source upstream area has 3 independent evacuation areas, the independent evacuation area-1 and the independent evacuation area-3 start evacuating at the same time, and the vehicle drives forward to leave the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel through the nearest vehicle channel in front (figure 6).
Even number of independent evacuation area vehicle evacuation: when the last vehicle in the two vehicles in the independent evacuation areas-1 and-3 in the service tunnel passes through the position of the subarea vehicle channel of the independent evacuation area-2, the vehicles in the independent evacuation area-2 start to evacuate (figure 7), and finally the vehicle evacuation in the fire upstream area of the fire tunnel is completed.
The embodiment has the following characteristics:
carrying out regional evacuation on vehicles in an upstream area of a fire disaster, and preferentially ensuring the evacuation of vehicles in an area close to a fire source;
the whole vehicle evacuation process is one-way running, no vehicle meeting behavior exists, secondary accidents are avoided, and evacuation efficiency is improved;
the simultaneous evacuation and fire-extinguishing rescue of people and vehicles are realized, and the fire accident disposal efficiency is improved;
the special design of the tunnel structure is not needed, all the related people and vehicles driving and evacuation paths can be realized through the linkage of the existing equipment in the tunnel, and the method is easy to realize and popularize.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for carrying out regional evacuation rescue on the people and vehicles in the fire accident of the ultralong highway tunnel with the service tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
dividing an evacuation area for a fire tunnel; the evacuation zone comprises: an emergency evacuation zone and a number of independent evacuation zones;
sequentially evacuating personnel and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area;
after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is completed, rescue and fire-fighting work is started;
and simultaneously carrying out rescue and fire-fighting work, and sequentially evacuating vehicles in the independent evacuation areas.
2. The method for people and vehicle zoned evacuation rescue in fire accident of extra-long highway tunnel with service tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the step of dividing the evacuation zone for the fire tunnel comprises the steps of:
regarding a vehicle transverse channel closest to a vertical shaft along the opposite direction of tunnel driving as a zoned vehicle channel in an upstream fire zone;
taking the partitioned vehicle passage as a boundary, and dividing an upstream fire zone into an emergency evacuation zone and a plurality of independent evacuation zones in sequence from a fire accident point; the zoning vehicle channel belongs to a fire upstream evacuation area along the opposite direction of the tunnel driving.
3. The method for regional evacuation rescue of people and vehicles in fire accident in ultra-long highway tunnel with service according to claim 1, wherein sequentially evacuating people and vehicles in the emergency evacuation area comprises:
dividing the emergency evacuation area into a personnel emergency evacuation area and a vehicle emergency evacuation area;
firstly, evacuating the people in the emergency evacuation area, and then evacuating the vehicles in the emergency evacuation area.
4. The method for person-vehicle zoned evacuation rescue in case of fire accident in a highway tunnel with service according to claim 3, wherein the division into the person emergency evacuation zone and the vehicle emergency evacuation zone comprises:
when the crosswalk closest to the fire source point is a crosswalk along the upstream direction of the fire in the emergency evacuation area, firstly, regarding the crosswalk closest to the fire accident point as a zoned crosswalk of the emergency evacuation area; then, the emergency evacuation area is divided into the personnel emergency evacuation area and the vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the upstream direction of fire; if the fire accident point is just positioned at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled;
when the emergency evacuation area is in the upstream direction of a fire disaster, the transverse channel closest to the fire source point is a transverse channel of a vehicle, and the transverse channel of the vehicle closest to the fire disaster point is regarded as the regional vehicle channel of the emergency evacuation area; then, the emergency evacuation area is divided into the personnel emergency evacuation area and the vehicle emergency evacuation area by taking the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage as a boundary, wherein the emergency evacuation area partition vehicle passage belongs to a vehicle evacuation area in the upstream direction of fire; if the fire accident point is just located at the passage opening, the evacuation function of the passage opening is disabled.
5. The method for person-vehicle zoned evacuation rescue in case of fire accident in a tunnel with service tunnel according to claim 3, wherein evacuating the persons in the emergency evacuation zone and evacuating the vehicles in the emergency evacuation zone comprises:
the personnel abandoned vehicle in the personnel emergency evacuation area is evacuated by a pedestrian crosswalk or a vehicular crosswalk which is closest to a fire source point in the fire upstream area, passes through a service tunnel, and enters a non-fire tunnel side crosswalk to wait for rescue; when the transverse channel of the fire upstream area closest to the fire source point is a transverse channel of a vehicle, the transverse channel of the vehicle is changed into a transverse channel of a pedestrian for use;
and after the evacuation of the emergency evacuation area is finished, vehicles in the emergency evacuation area of the vehicle enter the service tunnel through the front vehicle channels and exit the service tunnel forward, so that the evacuation is finished.
6. The method for regional evacuation and rescue of people and vehicles in case of fire accident in an ultralong highway tunnel with a service tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the steps of carrying out rescue and fire fighting work include:
the rescue vehicle and the fire engine travel along with the social vehicle which is not in the fire tunnel and is driving away from the tunnel, and travel to the personnel evacuation position of the personnel emergency evacuation area, and the rescue vehicle carries evacuation personnel to travel away from the tunnel; the fire engine passes through the service tunnel to enter the fire upstream area after the vehicles in the service tunnel are completely evacuated from the emergency evacuation area from the nearest vehicle passage in the fire upstream direction to the fire source point, and the fire engine is unfolded to extinguish fire.
7. The method for regional evacuation rescue of people and vehicles in fire accident in extra-long highway tunnels with service according to claim 1, wherein sequentially evacuating vehicles in the independent evacuation areas comprises:
when the number of the independent evacuation areas at the upstream of the fire source is an odd number, vehicles in the odd number independent evacuation areas start to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward to leave the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel at the front; in the evacuation process, when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service passage passes through the position of the lane of the even independent evacuation area, the vehicles in the even independent evacuation area start to evacuate;
when the number of the independent evacuation areas at the upstream of the fire source is even, vehicles in the odd independent evacuation areas begin to evacuate at the same time, and the vehicles drive forward from the service tunnel after entering the service tunnel from the nearest vehicle channel at the front; when the last vehicle in the vehicles being evacuated in the service passage passes through the position of the regional vehicle passage of the maximum odd independent evacuation region, the vehicles in the maximum even independent evacuation region start evacuating; thereafter, the even independent evacuation zone vehicles begin to evacuate when the last vehicle of the evacuating vehicles in the service aisle passes through the even independent evacuation zone vehicle aisle position.
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| CN117371836B (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-04-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Highway tunnel fire rescue capability assessment method and system based on regional visual angle |
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