CN116721791A - Treatment method of radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater - Google Patents
Treatment method of radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN116721791A CN116721791A CN202310481993.8A CN202310481993A CN116721791A CN 116721791 A CN116721791 A CN 116721791A CN 202310481993 A CN202310481993 A CN 202310481993A CN 116721791 A CN116721791 A CN 116721791A
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- -1 uranium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002354 radioactive wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019155 Radiation injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical class [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/18—Processing by biological processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method for treating radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, which comprises a sponge iron reaction material section, an iron reaction material section and an alkali release reaction material section of a permeable reaction wall, and then a sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section. Can effectively remove radioactive substances in the wastewater, can simultaneously remove harmful heavy metal ions, and can further reduce the concentration of each metal ion after the pH value is increased again through the alkali release reaction material section so as to ensure that the wastewater is discharged up to the standard. The treatment effect is good, the service life of the reaction materials of each reaction material section is long, the sources are wide, the cost is low, frequent maintenance is not needed, the PRB wall process treatment requirement is met, and the popularization and the application in the industrial process are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of radioactive wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater.
Background
Uranium is a natural radioactive heavy metal element, and along with the development of nuclear technology, the components of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater generated in the nuclear industrial process are more and more complex. The nuclear wastewater mainly originates from pollution and harm of uranium mining, uranium mining and retired uranium mining solid wastes to the environment. The radioactivity of uranium can cause radioactive radiation injury to human bodies, animals and plants.
In the uranium-containing groundwater treatment technology, the permeable reactive barrier PRB is a passive technology with relatively low cost, has low cost of reaction materials, lower energy consumption, low cost for removing treated pollutants, relatively low maintenance and monitoring cost, and can continuously treat the pollutants in situ for 5 to 10 years, treat various pollutants such as heavy metals, organic matters and the like. Under the action of self hydraulic gradient, the pollutant and the reactant in the reaction wall are physically and chemically reacted to eliminate the pollutant, so as to restore the pollutant.
At present, uranium-containing wastewater generally contains other heavy metal elements, is acidic, and has higher requirements on treatment technology.
The PRB wall needs to be further improved so as to remove uranium and other heavy metal elements in uranium-containing wastewater while treating acidic wastewater, and meet the requirements of industrial development.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a treatment method for radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, which uses a PRB wall to remove uranium and other harmful heavy metals in the acidic wastewater, reduces the pH value of the wastewater, uses sulfate reducing bacteria to remove sulfate radical in the wastewater, realizes pollution-free emission, and meets the requirements of industrial treatment of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, thereby completing the application.
The application aims to provide a method for treating radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, which comprises the steps that the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater sequentially passes through a sponge iron reaction material section, an iron reaction material section and an alkali release reaction material section of a permeable reaction wall and then passes through a sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section.
Preferably, the wastewater passes through a manganese sand section after exiting the sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section.
The sponge iron has an average particle size of 0.5-8mm, preferably 2-6mm, more preferably 3-5mm.
And the iron reaction material section is filled with waste iron wires or scrap iron as reaction materials. In the iron reaction material section, the void ratio of the iron reaction material section is more than 80%, preferably 85-95%, more preferably 87-90% in the piled state of the waste iron wires or scrap iron.
In the alkali release reaction material section, the reaction material is selected from one or more of water-insoluble carbonate particles, red mud powder and ceramsite, and preferably calcium carbonate particles and/or ceramsite.
The method for treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater provided by the application has the following steps of
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The adoption of the sponge iron reaction material section can greatly reduce the concentrations of uranium ions, cadmium ions, copper ions and chromium ions and improve the pH value. The sponge iron has wide sources, loose and porous internal structure, good oxidation-reduction property and strong reaction adsorption capacity.
(2) The iron reaction material section in the application can further reduce the concentration of each metal ion, and the reaction material has long service life, no need of special maintenance and low cost.
(3) The alkali release reaction section in the application can raise the pH value of the wastewater, and simultaneously further reduce the concentration of heavy metals and radioactive elements, thereby improving the treatment effect. The sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section can also greatly reduce the concentration of sulfate ions in the wastewater. So that the wastewater can reach the standard for discharge.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a sponge iron reaction material section;
2-an iron reaction material section;
3-alkali release reaction material section;
101-vertical baffles;
102-a spacer;
103-a diversion port;
104-screen plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical baffling PRB wall of the present application.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent and evident from the following detailed description of the application.
According to the method for treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, provided by the application, the uranium and other heavy metals in the wastewater are removed by using sponge iron, waste iron wires and scrap iron as reaction materials, the pH value of the wastewater is improved by adopting an alkali release reaction material, sulfate ions in the wastewater are removed by using sulfate reducing bacteria, and the wastewater is discharged after reaching the standard.
The inventor's prior chinese patent application CN113362979a relates to a permeable reaction system for treating uranium-containing wastewater, which is suitable for treating neutral uranium-containing wastewater, but which is not directly suitable for treating acidic wastewater, because the inventor's research process finds that zero-valent iron is easy to react with acid, resulting in excessive consumption of zero-valent iron and problems of iron ion reaction deposition and blocking. The inventors have thus improved to obtain a treatment process suitable for acidic wastewater containing various heavy metals, in particular uranium U, cadmium Cd, copper Cu and chromium Cr, which can meet the requirements of practical industrial treatment, the treated water meeting emission standards.
The application provides a method for treating radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, which comprises the steps that the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater sequentially passes through a sponge iron reaction material section 1, an iron reaction material section 2 and an alkali release reaction material section 3 of a permeable reaction wall and then passes through a sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section.
Preferably, the wastewater passes through a manganese sand section after exiting the sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section.
In the sponge iron reaction material section 1, sponge iron is a substance which is obtained by grinding, magnetic separation, high-temperature sintering and the like of concentrate powder and ferric oxide, has a large number of micropores, and an internal microstructure is loose sponge, is an alloy consisting of iron, carbon and other impurities (Mn, cr, ni, caO, mgO and the like), and has a self-supporting porous micropore structure.
The sponge iron has an average particle size of 0.5-8mm, preferably 2-6mm, more preferably 3-5mm. The activity of the sponge iron filter material for treating uranium-containing wastewater is high, so that the products of the reaction of dissolved oxygen, uranium ions and other heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be reserved in the sponge iron filter material. In the process of treating wastewater, the sponge iron is kept in the range of the upper grain size interval, the arrangement of sponge iron filtering materials is utilized, the treatment speed is improved, the blocking probability of the PRB wall is reduced, and the PRB wall can stably operate for a long time.
The sponge iron filter material contains iron, iron carbon compounds and the like, and also contains some impurities with fine particles dispersed in the sponge iron, and because the electrode potential of the impurities is lower than that of the iron, when the sponge iron filter material is in uranium-containing wastewater, countless micro cells can be formed to reduce high-valence uranium ions in the wastewater. The iron ions generated in the oxidation-reduction process further form hydrate, and have strong adsorption flocculation activity, and the special loose and porous structure of the sponge iron, so that the adsorption capacity of the sponge iron is further enhanced. Therefore, the sponge ferroelectric has strong chemical adsorption and physical adsorption capability, and also has the advantages of better oxidation-reduction capability and flocculation precipitation. More importantly, the self-cleaning can be realized by utilizing the supporting and porous micropore structures of the sponge iron, the reactivity is improved, the environmental water pressure and the like can be utilized to a certain extent, the process requirements are met, the treatment capacity is increased, and the service life of the reaction material is prolonged. And further, the continuity treatment is realized, and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced.
And the iron reaction material section 2 is filled with waste iron wires or scrap iron as reaction materials. In the iron reaction material section 2, the void ratio of the iron reaction material section 2 is more than 80%, preferably 85-95%, more preferably 87-90% in the piled state of the iron wires or the iron filings. The waste iron wires or scrap iron are used as the reaction materials, the porosity is larger, and the problems of hardening, blockage or waste water channeling of the reaction materials can be avoided.
According to the application, the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is treated by sequentially adopting the sponge iron reaction material section 1 and the iron reaction material section 2, so that uranium substances and heavy metal substances in the wastewater can be effectively removed, the pH value of the wastewater can be greatly improved, and the standard discharge of the wastewater is facilitated.
Preferably, the pH value of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater after passing through the sponge iron reaction material section 1 and the iron reaction material section 2 is 5.2-7.0, preferably 5.5-6.8.
In the application, radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater passes through a sponge iron reaction material section 1 and an iron reaction material section 2 and then passes through an alkali release reaction material section 3 so as to enable the pH value of the wastewater to approach to a neutral level. In the alkali release reaction material section 3, the reaction material is selected from one or more of water-insoluble carbonate particles, red mud powder and ceramsite, and preferably calcium carbonate particles and/or ceramsite. The particle size of the reaction material in the alkali releasing reaction material section 3 is 1-20mm, preferably 3-15mm, more preferably 5-10mm.
In the method, a 1-3-stage alkali release reaction material section 3 is arranged, and preferably a 1-2-stage alkali release reaction material section 3 is arranged.
After passing through the alkali releasing reaction material section 3, the pH value of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is 6.7-8.0, preferably 6.9-7.9. In the application, after the wastewater passes through the alkali release reaction material section 3, the pH value is improved, and uranium ions and other heavy metal ions can be further removed.
The manganese sand section is internally filled with manganese sand, the particle size of the manganese sand is 4-6mm, and the manganese sand passes through the manganese sand section, so that iron removal can be achieved, the manganese and zinc content can be reduced, and the filtering effect can be achieved.
Preferably, the method for treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater adopts a vertical baffling PRB wall for treatment, and is particularly shown in figure 1.
The PRB wall body is internally provided with vertical baffle plates 101, the water outlet positions of the adjacent baffle plates 101 are arranged at the upper and lower opposite positions, and the water outlet positions of the baffle plates 101 adjacent to the water inlet are opposite to the upper and lower directions of the water inlet, so that the outflow path of wastewater in the wall body forms a baffle, and the contact path of wastewater and reaction materials is lengthened. As shown in fig. 1. In the application, the number of the baffle plates 101 is increased or decreased according to the condition of pollutants in the wastewater so as to shorten or lengthen the contact path between the wastewater and the reaction materials.
Because the wall body adopts the vertical baffling structure, the reaction material is always immersed in the wastewater, the reaction material is prevented from being exposed in the air when the water quantity is reduced, hardening is generated, and the reaction activity is reduced. When the water quantity is increased, the vertical baffle structure can also reduce the impact force of the wastewater to a certain extent, so that the wastewater is fully contacted with the reaction materials to perform reaction adsorption.
In the application, a plurality of transverse partition plates 102 are arranged between adjacent vertical baffle plates 101, and the partition plates 102 are provided with sieve holes or are in a net structure, so that the reaction materials are evenly arranged on the plurality of partition plates 102, the pressure of the upper reaction materials on the lower reaction materials is reduced, the whole reaction materials keep a certain porosity, the hardening is prevented, the treatment capacity is increased, the treatment efficiency is improved, and the reaction materials are kept in a stable active state as shown in figure 1. In the application, the partition plate 102 is increased or decreased according to the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater and the usage amount of reaction materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a plurality of stacked pumping grooves are provided between the adjacent vertical baffles 101, the reaction material is filled in the pumping grooves, the outer wall of the pumping grooves is net-shaped, provided with sieve holes or provided with transverse bars, and the pumping grooves can be selected according to the external dimensions of the reaction material. The pumping groove can disperse the pressure of the reaction materials, and can be taken out from the wall body, so that the reaction materials can be replaced or treated conveniently.
Preferably, the flow guiding port 103 is arranged at the flow outlet of the baffle plate 101, the size of the flow guiding port 103 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the waste water is extruded by the flow guiding port, so that the internal flow velocity is increased, and the flow of the waste water in the wall body is further promoted.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a screen 104 is provided at the water outlet of the baffle 101 for filtering.
Preferably, a filter material such as polyethylene terephthalate fiber balls is put in the region between the lowermost separator 102 and the bottom of the wall, or the region between the uppermost separator 102 and the top of the wall, to filter out sediment generated during the water treatment, etc.
According to the method for treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, provided by the application, the sponge iron reaction material section 1 and the iron reaction material section 2 can be used for effectively removing radioactive substances such as uranium ions in the wastewater, and also can be used for simultaneously removing harmful heavy metal ions such as cadmium ions, copper ions, chromium ions and the like, and after the pH value is increased again through the alkali release reaction material section 3, the concentration of each metal ion can be further reduced, so that the wastewater can reach the discharge standard. And sulfate ions are effectively reduced by the sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section. The method can meet the treatment requirements of radioactive acid heavy metal wastewater in the actual industry, has good treatment effect, has the advantages of long service life of the reaction materials of each reaction material section, wide sources and low cost, does not need frequent maintenance, meets the PRB wall process treatment requirements, and is favorable for popularization and application in the industrial process.
Examples
Example 1
Preparing a simulated water sample of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater, wherein the pH value of the simulated water sample is 2.57, and the uranium concentration is 1300 mug.L -1 The Cd concentration is 4370 mug.L -1 Cu concentration is 1840. Mu.g.L -1 Mn concentration of 3.36 mg.L -1 Cr concentration is 1390 mg.L -1 Zn concentration is 14.2 mg.L -1 The concentration of Fe is 158 mg.L -1 The concentration of sulfate ions is 3730 mg.L -1 。
The simulated water sample of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is pumped into a sponge iron reaction material section 1, an iron reaction material section 2 and a two-section alkali release reaction material section 3 of the PRB wall in sequence at the flow rate of 5ml/min, and then enters a sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section (groove section) and a manganese sand section (groove section), wherein the PRB wall structure is shown in figure 1.
2.3kg of sponge iron is filled in the sponge iron reaction material section 1, and the particle size of the sponge iron is 3-5mm; the iron reaction material section 2 is filled with 0.7kg of waste iron wires, and the porosity is 87%; the two-stage alkali-releasing reaction material section 3 is filled with CaCO 3 The filling amount of the particles is 1.8kg, the average particle size is about 5mm, and the porosity is 40% -45%.
After the simulated water sample for continuously treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is subjected to 42 days, the concentration of each metal ion and sulfate ion in each section of effluent and the pH value test result are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
After the simulated water sample for continuously treating the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is subjected to 42 days, the concentration of each metal ion and sulfate ion in each section of effluent and the pH value test result are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from the data in table 1, after passing through the sponge iron reaction material section 1, the pH value is raised from 2.57 to 5.28, and the concentrations of uranium ions, cadmium ions, copper ions and chromium ions are greatly reduced; and then the ion concentration is further reduced after passing through the iron reaction material section 2 and the first alkali release reaction material section 3.
The present application has been described in detail in connection with the detailed description and/or the exemplary examples and the accompanying drawings, but the description is not to be construed as limiting the application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present application and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater is characterized in that the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater sequentially passes through a sponge iron reaction material section (1), an iron reaction material section (2) and an alkali release reaction material section (3) of a permeable reaction wall and then passes through a sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sponge iron reaction mass (1), the sponge iron has an average particle size of 0.5-8mm, preferably 2-6mm, more preferably 3-5mm.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the iron reaction mass (2) is filled with scrap iron or scrap iron as reaction mass.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the void fraction of the iron reaction mass (2) is greater than 80%, preferably 85-95%, more preferably 87-90%.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater after passing through the sponge iron reaction section (1) and the iron reaction section (2) in sequence is 5.2-7.0, preferably 5.5-6.8.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the alkali releasing reaction material section (3), the reaction material is selected from one or more of water-insoluble carbonate particles, red mud powder and ceramsite, preferably calcium carbonate particles and/or ceramsite.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction mass particle size in the alkali releasing reaction mass section (3) is 1-20mm, preferably 3-15mm, more preferably 5-10mm.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a 1-3-stage alkali release reaction zone (3), preferably a 1-2-stage alkali release reaction zone (3), is provided.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pH of the radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater after passing through the alkali releasing reaction stage (3) is 6.7-8.0, preferably 6.9-7.9.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater passes through a manganese sand section after exiting the sulfate reducing bacteria treatment section, and the manganese sand section is internally filled with manganese sand, and the manganese sand has a particle size of 4-6mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310481993.8A CN116721791A (en) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Treatment method of radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310481993.8A CN116721791A (en) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Treatment method of radioactive acidic heavy metal wastewater |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116721791A true CN116721791A (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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