CN116697977A - Device and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence - Google Patents
Device and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence Download PDFInfo
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- CN116697977A CN116697977A CN202310524202.5A CN202310524202A CN116697977A CN 116697977 A CN116697977 A CN 116697977A CN 202310524202 A CN202310524202 A CN 202310524202A CN 116697977 A CN116697977 A CN 116697977A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 27
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering monitoring, in particular to remote earth surface subsidence monitoring equipment and a method thereof, comprising a datum plate and a monitor shell; the inside of the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a mounting seat; the upper side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a dial indicator; the dial indicator is remotely connected with external equipment through an internet of things transmission module; the lower side of the reference plate is fixedly connected with a guide rod; the lower end of the guide rod is slidably connected inside the monitor shell, and the lower end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial indicator. The monitor shell is placed in the pit and is fixed with the reference plate through external equipment, if subsidence occurs on the ground surface at the position, the monitor shell and the dial indicator inside the monitor shell sink synchronously, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod and the monitor shell, the subsidence amount of the ground surface can be read through the dial indicator, the damage of the soil structure caused by punching can be avoided, the device can be fixed with the soil body, the stability of the device is guaranteed, and the monitoring is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to equipment and a method for remotely monitoring ground subsidence.
Background
The earth surface subsidence monitoring work has important significance in civil engineering projects, can improve the safety of project construction, for example, when large roadbed, bridge, building and tunnel are constructed, if the earth surface subsidence exceeds a certain value, the engineering projects need to stop construction, and in addition, like oil gas and coal mining areas, the earth surface subsidence is also required to be monitored in the mining process so as to early warn some larger geological collapse disasters in advance.
One patent of Chinese patent application CN105241418A discloses a novel earth surface subsidence test device and method, and the technical scheme is as follows: the device comprises a supporting device, a pulley, a mass block, a dial indicator, a rigid rope and a sleeve, wherein the pulley is fixed at the inner top of the supporting device; the rigid rope bypasses the pulley, one end of the rigid rope passes through the sleeve and is fixed in a position of a stable soil layer or a bedrock below the ground surface, and the other end of the rigid rope is connected with the mass block, so that the mass block is vertically suspended on the rigid rope; the dial indicator is in contact connection with the mass block and is used for monitoring the vertical displacement of the mass block. One end of the rigid rope is connected with the mass block in a manner of direct connection or connection through a movable pulley. The monitoring data can be used for remote monitoring through a data line and a wireless transmission module. The device can use a solar cell to supply power to the test instrument. The invention can greatly improve the measurement accuracy and the measurement stability; meanwhile, real-time automatic remote monitoring is realized, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, and the monitoring cost is reduced.
With respect to the above and related art, the inventors believe that there are often the following drawbacks: the prior art needs to utilize the puncher to punch to stable soil layer or bedrock position at the earth's surface, then installs the sleeve pipe in the hole, passes the sleeve pipe with the rigidity rope again and is fixed in stable soil layer or bedrock position, and its installation is too loaded down with trivial details, and the operation is too complicated, and can destroy the original geological structure of this earth's surface in the punching process, leads to follow-up monitoring result to produce the deviation easily.
To this end, the invention provides an apparatus and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved. The invention provides equipment and a method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence, which can be directly buried in soil for surface subsidence monitoring, avoid geological structure damage caused by perforation, ensure that a monitoring device is firmly fixed with surrounding soil and improve the stability of the monitoring device.
The invention provides remote earth surface subsidence monitoring equipment for solving the technical problems, which comprises a datum plate and a monitor shell; the inside of the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, and the upper side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a dial indicator; the dial indicator is remotely connected with external equipment through an internet of things transmission module; the lower side of the reference plate is fixedly connected with a guide rod; the lower end of the guide rod is connected in the monitor shell in a sliding way, and the lower end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial indicator; the lower end of the monitor shell is provided with a plurality of fixing mechanisms, each fixing mechanism comprises an installation tube, an anchor rod and a safety bar, the anchor rod and the safety bar are connected in the installation tube in a sliding mode, a first through hole is formed in the outer wall of the monitor shell at the position corresponding to each fixing mechanism, the installation tube is correspondingly installed in the first through hole, a first spring is fixedly connected between the end part of the anchor rod and the installation tube, and the first spring is in a compressed state; the safety bar is inserted into the monitor shell from the top of the monitor shell and penetrates through the mounting tube and the anchor rod corresponding to the fixing mechanism, and the safety bar is fixed on the monitor shell through the operation block. After the monitor shell is placed in the pit, the plurality of safety bars are pulled out upwards through the operation block, and then the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, the anchor rod is pushed out outwards by the first spring, so that the anchor rod is inserted into surrounding soil, the fixing effect between the monitor shell and the soil layer is improved, the monitor shell can be smoothly settled together with the soil layer, and the monitoring precision is improved.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the monitor shell is of a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the bottom of the monitor shell; the mounting pipe and the anchor rod are both in an inclined state, and the tip end of the anchor rod faces obliquely upwards and extends into a corresponding first through hole on the monitor shell; the surface of the guide rod above the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a connecting plate; an elastic corrugated pipe is fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the monitor shell, and the guide rod penetrates through the inside of the corrugated pipe. Through setting up the stock to incline state for after the stock inserts the soil layer, can further improve the fixed effect with soil, and be difficult to extract the monitor shell from the hole, reduce artificial destruction, through setting up the gap shutoff between elastic bellows with guide arm and the monitor shell, avoid impurity such as external earth to get into in this gap, lead to the problem of guide arm slip difficulty, and along with the subsidence of monitor shell, the bellows can be elongated, does not influence the relative motion of guide arm and monitor shell.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: an annular plate is arranged on the outer side of the monitor shell; a group of air cushions are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper side of the annular plate, and air is stored in the air cushions; a group of brackets are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell; the surface of the bracket is fixedly connected with a spray pipe; the air cushion corresponds to the spray pipes one by one, and the air cushion is communicated with the spray pipes through the guide pipes; the air outlet end of the spray pipe faces the outer side of the monitor shell; because monitor shell is usually laid in the field, receives the invasion of animal easily, can place the annular plate subaerial in monitor shell outside, when the animal is close to the monitor shell and steps on one of them air cushion, this air cushion receives the extrusion, and its inside gas gets into the spray tube inside that corresponds with it through the pipe, and then the spray tube is jet-propelled outside, drives the animal, guarantees going on smoothly of monitoring work.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the fixing mechanism is provided with one or two or more groups of fixing mechanisms which are distributed at the lower part of the monitor shell from top to bottom, and the upper and lower fixing mechanisms of different groups correspond to each other and share one safety bar; a group of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell, the safety bars are inserted into the corresponding second through holes in a sliding mode, and the lower ends of the safety bars penetrate through the mounting pipes and the anchor rods at different positions on the same straight line and are connected with the mounting pipes and the anchor rods in a sliding mode.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the anchor rod comprises a rod body and an anchor tip; a second spring is fixedly connected between the rod body and the anchor point; a chute is formed in one side, close to the anchor point, of the rod body; a sliding block is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the anchor point; the slider and the anchor point are internally provided with central holes; a group of guide holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip and are communicated with the central hole; the rod body is internally provided with a storage cavity which is communicated with the chute; an isolating film is fixedly connected inside the chute; a thimble is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block, which is close to the isolation film; glue in a compressed state is added into the storage cavity; when the stock outwards stretches out, the anchor point receives the resistance of soil, makes anchor point and body of rod be close to each other and compress the second spring, and then the slider drives the thimble towards the barrier film motion and stabs the barrier film, stores the inside glue of chamber and outwards discharges through centre bore and guide hole this moment for glue disperses in the soil around the stock, can further improve the fixed effect between soil layer and the stock after the glue hardening, firmly fixes the stock inside the soil layer, prevents that soil is too soft, leads to monitor shell fixed effect relatively poor problem.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the spray pipe is arranged in a spiral shape and is made of elastic materials; when the air in the air cushion enters the spray pipe, the air pressure can cause the spiral spray pipe to deform and stretch, and then the air is sprayed out from the end part of the spray pipe, and the action enables the spray pipe to strike and spray outwards, so that the approaching animals are frightened, and the monitor shell is further prevented from being infringed and damaged by the animals.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the gas stored in the air cushion is a stimulating gas; the air outlet end of the spray pipe is communicated with a sound generator; through setting up the pungent gas, can disturb the action of animal after the gas blowout for the animal is smelled and is fleed away rapidly after the pungent smell, and the sound generator can be sound generating mechanism such as whistle, can be inside through the sound generator during the gas blowout, and then impel the sound generator to make a sound, further frighten the animal that is close to, improves the efficiency of driving to the animal.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: a piston plate is connected in a sliding and sealing manner at a position, far away from the isolating membrane, inside the storage cavity; a third spring is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the side wall of the storage cavity, and the third spring is in a compressed state; the glue is added in the storage cavity between the isolating membrane and the piston plate; a baffle is fixedly connected to the position, close to the guide hole, of the surface of the anchor tip; a gap exists between one end of the baffle, which faces the rod body, and the anchor point; after the barrier film is punctured, the piston plate is pushed by the spring III to move towards the direction of the anchor tip, glue inside the storage cavity is extruded outwards, the glue discharging efficiency is improved, the guide hole is shielded by the baffle plate, a large amount of soil cannot enter the guide hole in the process of pricking the anchor tip into the soil, the guide hole is prevented from being blocked by the soil, and the glue can be discharged outwards through a gap between the baffle plate and the anchor tip when being extruded.
The method for remotely and fully automatically monitoring the earth surface subsidence adopts the remote earth surface subsidence monitoring equipment and comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a soil pit on the ground during installation, placing a monitor consisting of a monitor shell, an installation seat, a dial indicator and a fixing mechanism in the pit, and fixing a reference plate through external equipment so that the reference plate cannot be settled together with the ground;
s2: the safety bar is pulled out upwards through the operation block, so that the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, and the anchor rod is pushed out outwards by the first spring, so that the anchor rod is inserted into surrounding soil;
s3: when sedimentation occurs, the monitor shell and the dial indicator sink synchronously, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod and the monitor shell, the sedimentation quantity of the ground surface is read through the dial indicator, and data of the dial indicator can be transmitted to an external terminal through the internet of things transmission module.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the detailed steps of the S2 are as follows:
a: when the anchor rod extends outwards, the anchor point is subjected to resistance of soil, so that the anchor point and the rod body are mutually close to each other, the second spring is compressed, and the sliding block drives the thimble to move towards the isolating membrane and puncture the isolating membrane;
b: the glue inside the storage cavity is discharged outwards through the central hole and the guide hole, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the equipment and the method for remotely monitoring the earth surface subsidence, only the earth pit is required to be dug on the ground during installation, the monitor shell is placed in the earth pit, and the reference plate is fixed through the external equipment, so that the reference plate cannot subside along with the ground, in the monitoring process, if the earth surface subsides at the place, the monitor shell and the dial indicator in the monitor shell synchronously subside, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod and the monitor shell, the subsidence amount of the earth surface can be read through the dial indicator, and the data of the dial indicator can be transmitted to the base station or the terminal of a worker through the internet of things transmission module, so that the remote full-automatic monitoring is realized.
2. According to the device and the method for remotely monitoring the earth surface subsidence, the monitor shell is placed in the pit, the plurality of safety bars are pulled out upwards through the operation block, the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, the first spring pushes the anchor rod outwards, the anchor rod is inserted into surrounding soil, the fixing effect on the monitor shell and the soil layer is improved, the monitor shell can be smoothly settled together with the soil layer, and therefore the monitoring precision is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a monitor housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at B;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor rod of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the invention.
In the figure: reference plate 1, monitor housing 2, mount 3, dial indicator 4, guide rod 5, mount tube 6, anchor rod 7, first spring 8, safety bar 9, operating block 10, connecting plate 11, bellows 12, annular plate 13, air cushion 14, bracket 15, nozzle 16, conduit 17, sounder 18, rod body 19, anchor tip 20, second spring 21, chute 22, slider 23, center hole 24, guide hole 25, reservoir 26, isolation diaphragm 27, ejector pin 28, piston plate 29, spring three 30, baffle 31.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples. Fig. 1 to 5 are drawings of embodiments, which are drawn in a simplified manner, for the purpose of clearly and concisely illustrating embodiments of the present invention. The following technical solutions presented in the drawings are specific to embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus provided in accordance with a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, includes a reference plate 1 and a monitor housing 2; the monitor shell 2 is of a cylindrical structure, the top surface and the bottom surface of the monitor shell are both closed, and the inside of the monitor shell 2 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 3; the upper side of the mounting seat 3 is fixedly connected with a dial indicator 4; the dial indicator 4 is remotely connected with external equipment through an internet of things transmission module; the lower side of the reference plate 1 is fixedly connected with a guide rod 5; the lower end of the guide rod 5 is slidably connected inside the monitor shell 2, and the lower end of the guide rod 5 is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial indicator 4; in the prior art, a puncher is required to punch holes on the earth surface to a stable soil layer or bedrock position, then a sleeve is arranged in the holes, and then a rigid rope penetrates through the sleeve and is fixed at the stable soil layer or bedrock position, so that the installation process is complicated, the operation is complicated, the original geological structure of the earth surface can be damaged in the punching process, and the follow-up monitoring result is easy to deviate; at this time, when the invention is installed, only a soil pit is dug on the ground, the monitor shell 2 is placed in the pit, and the datum plate 1 is fixed through external equipment, so that the datum plate 1 can not be settled together with the ground, in the monitoring process, if the ground surface is settled, the monitor shell 2 and the dial indicator 4 in the monitor shell synchronously sink, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod 5 and the monitor shell 2, the settlement of the ground surface can be read through the dial indicator 4, and the data of the dial indicator 4 can be transmitted to a base station or a terminal of a worker through the internet of things transmission module, so that the remote full-automatic monitoring is realized. It is worth to say that when large roadbed, bridge, building and tunnel are constructed, settlement is easy to occur at the constructed position, and settlement is difficult to occur at other positions nearby.
Two groups of mounting pipes 6 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side wall of the bottom of the monitor shell 2, the two groups of mounting pipes 6 are correspondingly distributed up and down, a first through hole is formed in the outer wall of the monitor shell 2 at the position corresponding to each mounting pipe 6, and the mounting pipes 6 are arranged in the first through holes; an anchor rod 7 is connected inside the mounting pipe 6 in a sliding manner; a first spring 8 is fixedly connected between the end part of the anchor rod 7 and the mounting pipe 6, and the first spring 8 is in a compressed state; a group of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell 2; a safety bar 9 is connected inside each second through hole in a sliding way; the upper end of the safety bar 9 is fixedly connected with an operation block 10; the lower end of the safety bar 9 penetrates through the upper and lower groups of mounting pipes 6 and anchor rods 7 which are mutually corresponding and is in sliding connection with the upper and lower groups of mounting pipes 6 and anchor rods, so that the safety bar can be conveniently pulled out and inserted; after putting into the hole with monitor shell 2, extract a plurality of safety bars 9 upwards through operation piece 10, and then anchor rod 7 loses fixed effect, and first spring 8 outwards releases anchor rod 7 for in the soil around the anchor rod 7 inserts, improve the fixed effect between monitor shell 2 and the soil layer, make monitor shell 2 can be smoothly together subside along with the soil layer, thereby improve monitoring accuracy.
The mounting pipe 6 and the anchor rod 7 are both arranged in an inclined state, and the tip of the anchor rod 7 faces obliquely upwards and extends to the position of the first through hole; the surface of the guide rod 5 above the monitor shell 2 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 11; an elastic corrugated pipe 12 is fixedly connected between the connecting plate 11 and the monitor shell 2, and the guide rod 5 passes through the inside of the corrugated pipe 12; through setting up stock 7 into tilt state for stock 7 inserts behind the soil layer, can further improve with the fixed effect between the soil, and be difficult to extract monitor shell 2 from the hole, reduce artificial destruction, through setting up the gap shutoff between elastic bellows 12 with guide arm 5 and monitor shell 2, avoid impurity such as external earth to get into in this gap, lead to the problem of guide arm 5 slip difficulty, and along with the subsidence of monitor shell 2, bellows 12 can be elongated, do not influence the relative motion of guide arm 5 and monitor shell 2.
An annular plate 13 is arranged outside the monitor housing 2; a group of air cushions 14 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper side of the annular plate 13, and air is stored in the air cushions 14; a group of brackets 15 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell 2; the surface of the bracket 15 is fixedly connected with a spray pipe 16; the air cushions 14 are in one-to-one correspondence with the spray pipes 16, and the air cushions 14 are communicated with the spray pipes 16 through the guide pipes 17; the air outlet end of the spray pipe 16 faces the outer side of the monitor housing 2; because monitor shell 2 is usually laid in the field, receives the invasion of animal easily, can place annular slab 13 subaerial in monitor shell 2 outside, when the animal is close to monitor shell 2 and steps on one of them air cushion 14, this air cushion 14 receives the extrusion, and its inside gas gets into the spray tube 16 inside that corresponds with it through pipe 17, and then spray tube 16 jet-propelled outside, drives the animal, guarantees going on smoothly of monitoring work.
The spray pipe 16 is arranged in a spiral shape, and the spray pipe 16 is made of elastic materials; when the air in the air cushion 14 enters the spray pipe 16, the air pressure action can cause the spiral spray pipe 16 to deform and stretch, and then the air is sprayed out from the end part of the spray pipe 16, so that the spray pipe 16 can strike and spray to the outside, thereby frightening the approaching animals, and further preventing the monitor housing 2 from being damaged by the invasion of the animals.
The gas stored in the air cushion 14 is a stimulating gas; the air outlet end of the spray pipe 16 is communicated with a sound generator 18; through setting up the pungent gas, can disturb the action of animal after the gas blowout for the animal is smelled and is fleed away rapidly after the pungent smell, and sound generator 18 can be sound generating mechanism such as whistle, can pass through sound generator 18 inside during the gas blowout, and then impels sound generator 18 to make a sound, further frightens the animal that is close to, improves the efficiency of driving the animal.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, in a first comparative example, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the anchor rod 7 comprises a rod body 19 and an anchor tip 20; a second spring 21 is fixedly connected between the rod body 19 and the anchor point 20; a sliding groove 22 is formed in one side, close to the anchor point 20, of the rod body 19; a sliding block 23 is connected inside the sliding groove 22 in a sliding way, and the sliding block 23 is fixedly connected with the anchor point 20; the slider 23 and the anchor tip 20 are provided with central holes 24; a group of guide holes 25 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip 20, and the guide holes 25 are communicated with the central hole 24; a storage cavity 26 is formed in the rod body 19, and the storage cavity 26 is communicated with the chute 22; the inside of the chute 22 is fixedly connected with a separation membrane 27; a thimble 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block 23 close to the isolating film 27; glue in a compressed state is added into the storage cavity 26; when stock 7 outwards stretches out, anchor point 20 receives the resistance of soil, impels anchor point 20 and body of rod 19 to be close to each other and compress second spring 21, and then slider 23 drives thimble 28 towards barrier film 27 motion and stabs barrier film 27, the inside glue of storage chamber 26 outwards discharges through centre bore 24 and guide hole 25 this moment for glue disperses in the soil around stock 7, can further improve the fixed effect between soil layer and the stock 7 after the glue hardening, firmly fix stock 7 inside the soil layer, prevent that soil is too soft, lead to monitor shell 2 fixed effect relatively poor problem.
A piston plate 29 is connected in a sliding and sealing manner at a position far away from the isolating membrane 27 in the storage cavity 26; a third spring 30 is fixedly connected between the piston plate 29 and the side wall of the storage cavity 26, and the third spring 30 is in a compressed state; the glue is added inside the storage chamber 26 between the barrier film 27 and the piston plate 29; a baffle 31 is fixedly connected to the surface of the anchor point 20 at a position close to the guide hole 25; a gap exists between the end of the baffle 31 facing the rod body 19 and the anchor point 20; after the isolation diaphragm 27 is punctured, the third spring 30 pushes the piston plate 29 to move towards the anchor tip 20, glue inside the storage cavity 26 is extruded outwards, the glue discharging efficiency is improved, the guide hole 25 is shielded by the baffle plate 31, a large amount of soil cannot enter the guide hole 25 in the process of penetrating the anchor tip 20 into the soil, the guide hole 25 is prevented from being blocked by the soil, and the glue can be discharged outwards through a gap between the baffle plate 31 and the anchor tip 20 during extrusion.
As shown in fig. 7, a third embodiment provides a method for remotely and fully automatically monitoring surface subsidence, which adopts the remote surface subsidence monitoring device and comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a soil pit on the ground during installation, placing a monitor consisting of a monitor shell 2, an installation seat 3, a dial indicator 4, a fixing mechanism and a base plate 1 in the pit, and fixing the reference plate 1 through external equipment so that the reference plate 1 cannot be settled together with the ground; the reference plate 1 can be fixed on the fixed frame through bolts by arranging the fixed frame;
s2: the safety bar 9 is pulled out upwards through the operation block 10, and then the anchor rod 7 loses the fixed effect, and the anchor rod 7 is pushed out outwards by the first spring 8, so that the anchor rod 7 is inserted into surrounding soil, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a: when the anchor rod 7 extends outwards, the anchor point 20 is subjected to resistance of soil, so that the anchor point 20 and the rod body 19 are mutually close to each other and compress the second spring 21, and the sliding block 23 drives the ejector pin 28 to move towards the isolating membrane 27 and puncture the isolating membrane 27;
b: the glue inside the reservoir 26 is discharged outwards through the central hole 24 and the guide holes 25 so that the glue is dispersed in the soil surrounding the anchor rods 7.
S3: when subsidence occurs, the monitor shell 2 and the dial indicator 4 sink synchronously, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod 5 and the monitor shell 2, the subsidence amount of the ground surface is read through the dial indicator 4, and data of the dial indicator 4 can be transmitted to an external terminal through the internet of things transmission module.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: during installation, only a soil pit is dug on the ground, the monitor shell 2 is placed in the pit, the reference plate 1 is fixed through external equipment, the reference plate 1 cannot be settled together with the ground, in the monitoring process, if the ground surface at the position is settled, the monitor shell 2 and the dial indicator 4 in the monitor shell synchronously sink, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod 5 and the monitor shell 2, the settlement of the ground surface can be read through the dial indicator 4, and the data of the dial indicator 4 can be transmitted to a base station or a terminal of a worker through the internet of things transmission module, so that remote full-automatic monitoring is realized; after the monitor housing 2 is placed in a pit, the plurality of safety bars 9 are pulled out upwards through the operation block 10, and then the anchor rod 7 loses the fixing effect, the anchor rod 7 is pushed out outwards by the first spring 8, so that the anchor rod 7 is inserted into surrounding soil, the fixing effect on the monitor housing 2 and the soil layer is improved, the monitor housing 2 can be smoothly settled together with the soil layer, and the monitoring precision is improved; by setting the anchor rod 7 in an inclined state, after the anchor rod 7 is inserted into a soil layer, the fixing effect between the anchor rod 7 and soil can be further improved, the monitor housing 2 is difficult to pull out from a pit, the artificial damage is reduced, a gap between the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2 is plugged by setting the elastic corrugated tube 12, the problem that the guide rod 5 slides difficultly due to the fact that impurities such as external soil enter the gap is avoided, and the corrugated tube 12 can be lengthened along with the settlement of the monitor housing 2, so that the relative movement of the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2 is not influenced; because the monitor housing 2 is usually placed in the field and is easy to be affected by animals, the annular plate 13 can be placed on the ground outside the monitor housing 2, when an animal approaches the monitor housing 2 and steps on one of the air cushions 14, the air cushion 14 is extruded, the gas in the air cushion enters the corresponding spray pipe 16 through the guide pipe 17, and then the spray pipe 16 sprays air outwards to drive the animal, so that the smooth monitoring work is ensured; when the air in the air cushion 14 enters the spray pipe 16, the air pressure action can cause the spiral spray pipe 16 to deform and stretch, and then the air is sprayed out from the end part of the spray pipe 16, so that the spray pipe 16 can strike and spray the air to the outside, thereby frightening the approaching animals and further preventing the monitor housing 2 from being damaged by the invasion of the animals; through setting the pungent gas, the behavior of animals can be disturbed after the gas is sprayed, so that the animals can rapidly escape after smelling the pungent smell, the sounder 18 can be a sound-producing device such as a whistle, and the like, and the gas passes through the inside of the sounder 18 when being sprayed, so that the sounder 18 is promoted to make sound, the close animals are further frightened, and the driving efficiency of the animals is improved; when the anchor rod 7 extends outwards, the anchor tip 20 is subjected to resistance of soil, the anchor tip 20 and the rod body 19 are enabled to be close to each other and compress the second spring 21, the sliding block 23 drives the ejector pin 28 to move towards the isolating membrane 27 and puncture the isolating membrane 27, at the moment, glue in the storage cavity 26 is discharged outwards through the central hole 24 and the guide hole 25, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod 7, the fixing effect between the soil layer and the anchor rod 7 can be further improved after the glue is hardened, the anchor rod 7 is firmly fixed in the soil layer, and the problem that the fixing effect of the monitor housing 2 is poor due to the fact that the soil is too soft is prevented; after the isolation diaphragm 27 is punctured, the third spring 30 pushes the piston plate 29 to move towards the anchor tip 20, glue inside the storage cavity 26 is extruded outwards, the glue discharging efficiency is improved, the guide hole 25 is shielded by the baffle plate 31, a large amount of soil cannot enter the guide hole 25 in the process of penetrating the anchor tip 20 into the soil, the guide hole 25 is prevented from being blocked by the soil, and the glue can be discharged outwards through a gap between the baffle plate 31 and the anchor tip 20 during extrusion.
The front, rear, left, right, up and down are all based on fig. 1 in the drawings of the specification, the face of the device facing the observer is defined as front, the left side of the observer is defined as left, and so on, according to the viewing angle of the person.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A remote surface subsidence monitoring device, characterized by: comprises a reference plate (1) and a monitor housing (2); the inside of the monitor shell (2) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat (3), and the upper side of the mounting seat (3) is fixedly connected with a dial indicator (4); the dial indicator (4) is remotely connected with external equipment through an internet of things transmission module; the lower side of the reference plate (1) is fixedly connected with a guide rod (5); the lower end of the guide rod (5) is slidably connected inside the monitor shell (2), and the lower end of the guide rod (5) is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial indicator (4); the lower end of the monitor shell (2) is provided with a plurality of fixing mechanisms, each fixing mechanism comprises a mounting pipe (6), an anchor rod (7) and a safety bar (9), the anchor rod (7) and the safety bar (9) are connected in the mounting pipe (6) in a sliding mode, a first through hole is formed in the outer wall of the monitor shell (2) at the position corresponding to each fixing mechanism, the mounting pipe (6) is correspondingly arranged in the first through hole, a first spring (8) is fixedly connected between the end part of the anchor rod (7) and the mounting pipe (6), and the first spring (8) is in a compressed state; the safety bar (9) is inserted into the monitor housing (2) from the top of the monitor housing (2) and penetrates through the mounting pipe (6) and the anchor rod (7) corresponding to the fixing mechanism, and the safety bar (9) is fixed on the monitor housing (2) through the operation block (10).
2. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the monitor shell (2) is of a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the bottom of the monitor shell (2); the mounting pipe (6) and the anchor rod (7) are both arranged in an inclined state, and the tip of the anchor rod (7) faces obliquely upwards and extends into the corresponding first through hole; the surface of the guide rod (5) above the monitor shell (2) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (11); an elastic corrugated pipe (12) is fixedly connected between the connecting plate (11) and the monitor shell (2), and the guide rod (5) penetrates through the corrugated pipe (12).
3. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: an annular plate (13) is arranged on the outer side of the monitor shell (2); a group of air cushions (14) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper side of the annular plate (13), and air is stored in the air cushions (14); a group of brackets (15) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell (2); the surface of the bracket (15) is fixedly connected with a spray pipe (16); the air cushions (14) are in one-to-one correspondence with the spray pipes (16), and the air cushions (14) are communicated with the spray pipes (16) through the guide pipes (17); the air outlet end of the spray pipe (16) faces the outer side of the monitor shell (2).
4. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the fixing mechanism is provided with one group or two groups or more than two groups, the two groups or more than two groups of fixing mechanisms are distributed at the lower part of the monitor shell (2) from top to bottom, and the upper and lower fixing mechanisms of different groups correspond to each other and share one safety bar (9); a group of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor shell (2), the safety bars (9) are inserted into the corresponding second through holes in a sliding mode, and the lower ends of the safety bars penetrate through the mounting pipes (6) and the anchor rods (7) at different positions on the same straight line and are connected with the mounting pipes in a sliding mode.
5. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the anchor rod (7) comprises a rod body (19) and an anchor point (20); a second spring (21) is fixedly connected between the rod body (19) and the anchor point (20); a sliding groove (22) is formed in one side, close to the anchor point (20), of the rod body (19); a sliding block (23) is connected inside the sliding groove (22) in a sliding way, and the sliding block (23) is fixedly connected with the anchor point (20); the slider (23) and the anchor point (20) are internally provided with central holes (24); a group of guide holes (25) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip (20), and the guide holes (25) are communicated with the central hole (24); a storage cavity (26) is formed in the rod body (19), and the storage cavity (26) is communicated with the chute (22); an isolating film (27) is fixedly connected inside the sliding groove (22); one side of the sliding block (23) close to the isolating film (27) is fixedly connected with a thimble (28); glue in a compressed state is added into the storage cavity (26).
6. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the spray pipe (16) is arranged in a spiral shape, and the spray pipe (16) is made of elastic materials.
7. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein: a piston plate (29) is connected in a sliding and sealing manner at a position, far away from the isolating membrane (27), inside the storage cavity (26); a third spring (30) is fixedly connected between the piston plate (29) and the side wall of the storage cavity (26), and the third spring (30) is in a compressed state; the glue is added inside the storage cavity (26) between the isolating membrane (27) and the piston plate (29); a baffle plate (31) is fixedly connected to the surface of the anchor point (20) at a position close to the guide hole (25); a gap exists between one end of the baffle (31) facing the rod body (19) and the anchor point (20).
8. A remote surface subsidence monitoring apparatus as set forth in claim 6 wherein: the gas stored in the air cushion (14) is a stimulating gas; the air outlet end of the spray pipe (16) is communicated with a sound generator (18).
9. A method for remotely and fully automatically monitoring earth surface subsidence, which adopts the remote earth surface subsidence monitoring equipment as set forth in any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: digging a soil pit on the ground during installation, placing a monitor consisting of a monitor shell, an installation seat, a dial indicator and a fixing mechanism in the pit, and fixing a reference plate through external equipment so that the reference plate cannot be settled together with the ground;
s2: the safety bar is pulled out upwards through the operation block, the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, the first spring pushes the anchor rod outwards, the anchor rod is inserted into surrounding soil, and the monitor is fixed;
s3: when sedimentation occurs, the monitor shell and the dial indicator sink synchronously, relative sliding is generated between the guide rod and the monitor shell, the sedimentation quantity of the ground surface is read through the dial indicator, and data of the dial indicator can be transmitted to an external terminal through the internet of things transmission module.
10. The method for remotely and fully automatically monitoring the surface subsidence according to claim 9, wherein the detailed steps of S2 are as follows:
a: when the anchor rod extends outwards, the anchor point is subjected to resistance of soil, so that the anchor point and the rod body are mutually close to each other, the second spring is compressed, and the sliding block drives the thimble to move towards the isolating membrane and puncture the isolating membrane;
b: the glue inside the storage cavity is discharged outwards through the central hole and the guide hole, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310524202.5A CN116697977A (en) | 2023-05-08 | 2023-05-08 | Device and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310524202.5A CN116697977A (en) | 2023-05-08 | 2023-05-08 | Device and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence |
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| CN116697977A true CN116697977A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN202310524202.5A Pending CN116697977A (en) | 2023-05-08 | 2023-05-08 | Device and method for remotely monitoring surface subsidence |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118089652A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 枣庄矿业（集团）有限责任公司蒋庄煤矿 | Coal mine goaf earth surface subsidence monitoring device |
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2023
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118089652A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 枣庄矿业（集团）有限责任公司蒋庄煤矿 | Coal mine goaf earth surface subsidence monitoring device |
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