CN108981814A - It is a kind of for monitoring the device and method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter - Google Patents
It is a kind of for monitoring the device and method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108981814A CN108981814A CN201810813147.0A CN201810813147A CN108981814A CN 108981814 A CN108981814 A CN 108981814A CN 201810813147 A CN201810813147 A CN 201810813147A CN 108981814 A CN108981814 A CN 108981814A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for monitoring the device and method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter, monitoring assembly includes expanding cement cylinder, spring metal tube skeleton, foil gauge and cable, spring metal tube skeleton and foil gauge are in expanding cement cylinder, spring metal tube skeleton is circled round in the shape of a spiral by metal tube and forms spring structure, it is arranged in mutual vertically in spring metal tube skeleton between multiple foil gauge intervals same distance and adjacent foil gauge, each foil gauge passes through wire and is fixedly connected with spring metal tube skeleton, one end of cable protrudes into expanding cement cylinder and in the shape of a spiral in spring metal tube skeleton, the other end of cable is drawn from the end of expanding cement cylinder;Laser range finder is fixed on the end of expanding cement cylinder outgoing cable.It can carry out stress, deformation, displacement and absciss layer situation real-time monitoring to same position country rock simultaneously, so that staff be enable accurately to judge surrounding rock stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for monitoring the device and method of roadway surrounding rock, specifically a kind of for monitoring roadway surrounding rock
The device and method of real-time parameter.
Background technique
China's mine overwhelming majority belongs to well industrial and mineral, universal with mechanical mining, and underworkings quantity increases and greatly
Section development trend is obvious.As road, water conservancy, civil engineering are built, tunnel, number of lanes sharply increased.Tunnel, tunnel
Country rock locating for complicated work condition environment, lead to stress inside country rock, deformation, destroy situation and constantly change, adjoining rock stability situation
Also change therewith.However, causing country rock to become due to the shortcoming and limitation of concealment and existing mating monitoring means inside country rock
Shape, destruction and stability can not effectively be known, roadway surrounding rock Frequent Accidents are caused.If can know the stress of country rock at any time, become
Shape, displacement, absciss layer data and its variation tendency, thus to the supporting of country rock, deformation, convergence and the steadiness science of making
Judgement, and reasonable counter-measure is taken, the incidence of this class surrounding rock accident can be substantially reduced, life and property damage are reduced
It loses.
Currently, several physical quantitys as criterion of rock stability --- stress, deformation, displacement and absciss layer, measuring device
It substantially belongs to mechanically, palpus manual operation, reading etc. can not form the intelligence system of automatic monitoring;It is single to monitor physical quantity,
Knowing for several physical quantitys cannot be realized simultaneously, cannot effectively analyze and determine the steadiness of country rock.It is that measurement carries with anchor pole
Body, the method for straining using foil gauge measurement anchor stress and then finding out surrouding rock stress strain, since anchor pole limitation itself causes
Foil gauge setting quantity is extremely limited, and is difficult overall length, high density measurement;It is measurement carrier with anchor pole, is surveyed using fiber grating
Although the highdensity measurement of method energy of amount, its somewhat expensive, and optical fiber is more fragile, fracture easy to damage.In addition with anchor pole
Perception is unable to measure to the absciss layer destruction of country rock to measure the measurement method of carrier, and roof separation indicator can measure absciss layer, but tie
Structure is complicated, volume is larger and can not monitor other physical quantitys simultaneously;Roof and floor, two help the determination of relative shift to be also simultaneously
By mechanical manual measurement, so that the inefficiency of measurement, above-mentioned various methods cannot accurately carry out multi-parameter in real time
Monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for monitoring the dress of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter
It sets and method, it is easy to operate, it is easy to use, the real-time of stress, deformation, displacement and absciss layer can be carried out to same position country rock simultaneously
Monitoring, so that staff be enable accurately to judge surrounding rock stability.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: one kind is for monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter
Device, including monitoring assembly and laser range finder, the monitoring assembly include expanding cement cylinder, spring metal cannon born
Frame, foil gauge and cable, the spring metal tube skeleton and foil gauge are in expanding cement cylinder, spring metal tube
Skeleton is circled round in the shape of a spiral by metal tube and forms spring structure, and the foil gauge is multiple, multiple foil gauge intervals same distance
And be arranged in mutual vertically in spring metal tube skeleton between adjacent foil gauge, each foil gauge passes through wire and bullet
Spring type metal cannon born frame is fixedly connected, and one end of cable protrudes into expanding cement cylinder and in the shape of a spiral in spring metal cannon born
In frame, connect one to one respectively with each foil gauge lead in each battery core of the intraskeletal cable of spring metal tube, electricity
The other end of cable is drawn from the end of expanding cement cylinder;
The laser range finder is fixed on the end of expanding cement cylinder outgoing cable.
Further, the foil gauge is encapsulated in stainless steel thin slice.
Further, the expanding cement that the expanding cement cylinder uses is as identical as the rock property of installation place as possible.
It is a kind of for monitoring the monitoring method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, specific monitoring step are as follows:
A, according to the actual conditions of engineering, roadway surrounding rock dangerouse cross-section and point is selected to be monitored, and each section
Selection top plate midpoint, two help midpoint, two to help to lay monitoring assembly respectively with bottom plate junction;
B, ductility direction drills on the required country rock for laying monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, and aperture is slightly larger than
Monitoring assembly uses high pressure water wash boring after drilling;
C, monitoring assembly is immersed in the water 5~it is inserted into flushed drilling after ten minutes, and make expanding cement cylinder
Cable lead-out end on the outside, waits 10~cement and expanded after twenty minutes and country rock to form one;
D, cable is passed into host computer on well by communication network after external amplification output loop amplified signal, on well
Host computer receives the country rock strain value that monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device measures present position, and then host computer exists on well
Surrouding rock stress value is found out according to the stress-strain relation of country rock in country rock elastic range;
E, in each monitoring assembly installation position choose in each section top plate midpoint and two help in the same side position
The monitoring assembly set, its cable lead-out end install laser range finder, laser range finder be used for monitor roof and floor and two help away from
From, and host computer on well is uploaded to by communication network;
F, host computer measures stress value and strain value that each monitoring assembly obtains and each laser range finder on well
Roof and floor and two distance values helped, are that ordinate is depicted as multiple coordinate diagrams using the time as abscissa, parameters value, and to each
Monitoring position corresponding to a coordinate diagram is shown after being numbered;
G, the real-time stress value of each monitoring assembly and strain value are compared by host computer with set threshold value on well, if real
When measured value be greater than given threshold, then host computer starts warning note on well, while by monitoring corresponding to the real-time measurement values
Position Number is shown;
H, host computer deposits the distance that roof and floor that each laser range finder real-time monitors distance and two are helped on well
Then storage determines what the displacement of country rock roof and floor and velocity of displacement and country rock two in this time were helped according to the period of setting
Displacement and velocity of displacement, if country rock roof and floor or country rock two are helped within the period of setting displacement or speed are more than setting
Threshold value, then host computer starts warning note on well, while monitoring Position Number corresponding to the displacement or speed being shown
Show;
If I, absciss layer occurs for country rock somewhere, expanding cement cylinder can be pulled off herein, and spring metal tube skeleton is in axial direction
There is larger free elongation in direction;When absciss layer amount is smaller, spring metal tube skeleton will not be pulled off, and still can protect spiral shell
Shape cable is revolved not by damage, spring metal tube skeleton may be pulled off since toughness is poor when absciss layer amount is bigger,
But the cable length that helical form is laid with is larger, and toughness is preferable, will not generally be pulled off, and can be believed with normal transmission foil gauge
Number;If absciss layer occurs just at certain foil gauge, which is in hanging free state, i.e., when on well host computer monitor to take office
The stress value and strain value of one monitoring position are quickly reduced close to zero, or as two foil gauges are respectively at the two sides of generation absciss layer
At country rock, then two stress values for monitoring position and strain value can mutate, it is determined that absciss layer occurs at above-mentioned monitoring position,
Host computer starts warning note on well, while the period that host computer record stress and strain value mutate on well, then should
The displacement of country rock in the period that laser range finder measures at monitoring position, as the absciss layer amount of country rock are simultaneously shown
Show.
Further, the frequency acquisition of the monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device of use is according to adjoining rock stability type, tunnel
Life cycle phase, external environment influence determine.
Compared with prior art, the present invention combines mode using monitoring assembly and laser range finder, and specific advantage is as follows:
(1) country rock multifunctional monitoring apparatus structure of the invention is simple, and measurement accuracy is high.Pass through foil gauge in monitoring assembly
Country rock internal stress, strain and separating location are measured, helps relative displacement, the two knot using laser range finder measurement roof and floor, two
It is total to calculate absciss layer amount and country rock external displacement amount inside country rock;
(2) the country rock physical quantity data (i.e. stress, strain, displacement and absciss layer) monitored through the invention can be analyzed to obtain
Surrounding rock supporting, convergence, steadiness status and trend, judge surrounding rock stability and take counter-measure, thus reduce enclose
Rock accident rate reduces casualties and property loss;
(3) in monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device of the invention, monitoring assembly be disposably install and use, but its at
This is cheap, external amplification output loop, laser range finder can repeated multiple times dismounting use, so that the average annual of total system be made to make
It is very low with cost;
(4) internal structure of the present invention is mainly foil gauge and cable and its protective layer, point position and quantity inside country rock
Flexible and changeable, precision height is selected, laying is convenient;
(5) the spring metal tube skeleton in the present invention protect cable not by damage, and spring is golden when surrounding rock separation layer
Belonging to cannon born frame has larger free elongation in the axial direction of expanding cement cylinder, and since inside cable helical form is laid with, from
And can ensureing after inside cable is drawn, there is certain elongation be pulled off it not, signal still can normal transmission.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is longitudinal sectional drawing of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the transverse cross-sectional view of foil gauge position in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the integral position artwork when present invention uses;
Fig. 5 is scheme of installation of the present invention in country rock;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that absciss layer occurs at monitoring assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 7 be the present invention measure stress ε, strain σ, distance χ and displacement χ time coordinate figure;
Fig. 8 is stress and the time coordinate figure of strain when absciss layer occurs;
Fig. 9 is the two time coordinate figure for helping distance and displacement when absciss layer occurs.
In figure: 1, monitoring assembly, 1-1, spring metal tube skeleton, 1-1-1, metal tube, 1-2,1-1-2, wire are answered
Become piece, 1-3, cable, 1-4, expanding cement cylinder, 2, laser range finder.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below.
As shown, a kind of for monitoring the device of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter, including monitoring assembly 1 and laser range finder
2, the monitoring assembly 1 includes expanding cement cylinder 1-4, spring metal tube skeleton 1-1, foil gauge 1-2 and cable 1-3, institute
Spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 and foil gauge 1-2 is stated to be in expanding cement cylinder 1-4, spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 by
Metal tube 1-1-1 circles round form spring structure in the shape of a spiral, the foil gauge 1-2 be it is multiple, the interval multiple foil gauge 1-2 is identical
It is arranged in spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 mutual vertically between distance and adjacent foil gauge 1-2, each foil gauge 1-2 is equal
It is fixedly connected by wire 1-1-2 with spring metal tube skeleton 1-1, expanding cement cylinder 1-4 is protruded into one end of cable 1-3
And in the shape of a spiral in spring metal tube skeleton 1-1, each electricity of cable 1-3 in spring metal tube skeleton 1-1
Core connects one to one with each foil gauge 1-2 lead respectively, and the other end of cable 1-3 is from the end of expanding cement cylinder 1-4
It draws;
The laser range finder 2 is fixed on the end of expanding cement cylinder 1-4 outgoing cable 1-3.
Further, the foil gauge 1-2 is encapsulated in stainless steel thin slice.
Further, the expanding cement that the expanding cement cylinder 1-4 is used is as identical as the rock property of installation place as possible.
It is a kind of for monitoring the monitoring method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, specific monitoring step are as follows:
A, according to the actual conditions of engineering, roadway surrounding rock dangerouse cross-section and point is selected to be monitored, and each section
Selection top plate midpoint, two help midpoint, two to help to lay monitoring assembly 1 respectively with bottom plate junction;
B, ductility direction drills on the required country rock for laying monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, and aperture is slightly larger than
Monitoring assembly 1 uses high pressure water wash boring after drilling;
C, monitoring assembly 1 is immersed in the water 5~it is inserted into flushed drilling after ten minutes, and make expanding cement cylinder 1-
4 cable lead-out end on the outside, waits 10~cement and expanded after twenty minutes and country rock to form one;
D, cable 1-3 is passed into host computer on well by communication network after external amplification output loop amplified signal,
Host computer receives the country rock strain value that monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device measures present position on well, then upper on well
Stress-strain relation of the machine in country rock elastic range according to country rock finds out surrouding rock stress value;
E, in each monitoring assembly installation position choose in each section top plate midpoint and two help in the same side position
The monitoring assembly 1 set installs laser range finder 2 in its cable lead-out end, and laser range finder 2 is used to monitor roof and floor and two helps
Distance, and host computer on well is uploaded to by communication network;
F, host computer measures the stress value and strain value and each laser range finder 2 that each monitoring assembly 1 obtains on well
Roof and floor and two distance values helped, using the time as abscissa, parameters value be that ordinate is depicted as multiple coordinate diagrams, and right
Monitoring position corresponding to each coordinate diagram is shown after being numbered;
G, the real-time stress value of each monitoring assembly 1 and strain value are compared by host computer with set threshold value on well, if
Real-time measurement values are greater than given threshold, then host computer starts warning note on well, while by prison corresponding to the real-time measurement values
Position Number is surveyed to be shown;
H, host computer deposits the distance that roof and floor that each laser range finder 2 real-time monitors distance and two are helped on well
Then storage determines what the displacement of country rock roof and floor and velocity of displacement and country rock two in this time were helped according to the period of setting
Displacement and velocity of displacement, if country rock roof and floor or country rock two are helped within the period of setting displacement or speed are more than setting
Threshold value, then host computer starts warning note on well, while monitoring Position Number corresponding to the displacement or speed being shown
Show;
I, when host computer monitors the stress value for obtaining any monitoring position on well and strain value is quickly reduced close to zero or two
When the stress value and strain value of a monitoring position mutate (discontinuous situation occurs in numerical value change within continuous time),
Then determine at above-mentioned monitoring position generation absciss layer, host computer starts warning note on well, while on well host computer record stress and
The period that strain value mutates, the displacement of country rock in the period that then laser range finder 2 measures at the monitoring position
Amount, as the absciss layer amount of country rock are simultaneously shown.
Further, the frequency acquisition of the monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device of use is according to adjoining rock stability type, tunnel
Life cycle phase, external environment influence determine.
The preparation method of above-mentioned monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, specific steps are as follows:
A, spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 is made:
According to service life, the metal tube 1-1-1 of work condition environment selection suitable material, metal tube 1-1-1 is returned in the shape of a spiral
Isometrical equidistant spring structure, specific screw pitch and diameter are curled up into according to arrangement foil gauge 1-2 density and the size 1-2 of foil gauge
It is adjusted determination;
B, production encapsulation foil gauge 1-2, and the position positioning cable 1-3:
Foil gauge 1-2 is pasted onto Thin Stainless Steel on piece, damp-proof treatment is carried out to the surface of stainless steel thin slice, by foil gauge
1-2 lead is connected with cable 1-3, so that stainless steel thin slice folding is encased foil gauge 1-2, is made each answer with wire 1-1-2
Become between piece 1-2 interval same distance and adjacent foil gauge 1-2 and be oriented perpendicularly to one another in spring metal tube skeleton 1-1, most
Make it after the cable 1-3 connecting with each foil gauge 1-2 lead is laid in the shape of a spiral in spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 afterwards
It draws one end;
C, various types expanding cement is made:
The country rock of required monitoring is classified by stability, is then made with every kind of classification country rock physical property as far as possible
Identical expanding cement, and work out cement model;
D, monitoring assembly 1 is made:
The spring metal tube skeleton 1-1 for completing step B is placed in mold, it is swollen to fill required model made from step C
Swollen cement forms expanding cement cylinder 1-4 after solidification, complete the production of monitoring assembly 1;
E, assembling monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device:
In the cable lead-out end portion fixed laser rangefinder 2 of expanding cement cylinder 1-4, completes monitoring roadway surrounding rock and join in real time
The preparation process of counting apparatus.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of for monitoring the device of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter, which is characterized in that including monitoring assembly (1) and laser ranging
Instrument (2), the monitoring assembly (1) include expanding cement cylinder (1-4), spring metal tube skeleton (1-1), foil gauge (1-2)
With cable (1-3), the spring metal tube skeleton (1-1) and foil gauge (1-2) are in expanding cement cylinder (1-4),
Spring metal tube skeleton (1-1) is circled round in the shape of a spiral by metal tube (1-1-1) and forms spring structure, the foil gauge (1-2)
To be multiple, multiple foil gauges (1-2) are spaced between same distance and adjacent foil gauge (1-2) is arranged in spring mutual vertically
In metal tube skeleton (1-1), each foil gauge (1-2) is solid by wire (1-1-2) and spring metal tube skeleton (1-1)
Fixed connection, one end of cable (1-3) protrude into expanding cement cylinder (1-4) and in the shape of a spiral in spring metal tube skeleton (1-
1) in, cable (1-3) each battery core in the spring metal tube skeleton (1-1) respectively with each foil gauge (1-2) lead
It connects one to one, the other end of cable (1-3) is drawn from the end of expanding cement cylinder (1-4);
The laser range finder (2) is fixed on the end of expanding cement cylinder (1-4) outgoing cable (1-3).
2. according to claim 1 for monitoring the device of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter, which is characterized in that the foil gauge
(1-2) is encapsulated in stainless steel thin slice.
3. according to claim 1 for monitoring the device of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter, which is characterized in that the swelling water
The expanding cement that mud cylinder (1-4) uses is as identical as the rock property of installation place as possible.
4. a kind of according to claim 1 for monitoring the monitoring method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, which is characterized in that
Specific monitoring step are as follows:
A, according to the actual conditions of engineering, roadway surrounding rock dangerouse cross-section and point is selected to be monitored, and each section selection
Top plate midpoint, two help midpoint, two to help to lay monitoring assembly (1) respectively with bottom plate junction;
B, ductility direction drills on the required country rock for laying monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device, and aperture is slightly larger than monitoring
Component (1) uses high pressure water wash boring after drilling;
C, monitoring assembly (1) is immersed in the water 5~it is inserted into flushed drilling after ten minutes, and make expanding cement cylinder (1-
4) cable lead-out end on the outside, waits 10~cement and expanded after twenty minutes and country rock to form one;
D, cable (1-3) is passed into host computer on well, well by communication network after external amplification output loop amplified signal
Upper host computer receives the country rock strain value that monitoring roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device measures present position, then host computer on well
Stress-strain relation in country rock elastic range according to country rock finds out surrouding rock stress value;
E, in each monitoring assembly (1) installation position choose in each section top plate midpoint and two help in same side position
Monitoring assembly (1), laser range finder (2) are installed in its cable lead-out end, laser range finder (2) is for monitoring roof and floor and two
The distance of side, and host computer on well is uploaded to by communication network;
F, on well host computer by stress value and strain value that each monitoring assembly (1) obtains and the top that each laser range finder is measured
Bottom plate and two distance values helped, are that ordinate is depicted as multiple coordinate diagrams using the time as abscissa, parameters value, and to each
Monitoring position corresponding to coordinate diagram is shown after being numbered;
G, the real-time stress value of each monitoring assembly (1) and strain value are compared by host computer with set threshold value on well, if real
When measured value be greater than given threshold, then host computer starts warning note on well, while by monitoring corresponding to the real-time measurement values
Position Number is shown;
H, host computer deposits the distance that roof and floor that each laser range finder (2) real-time monitors distance and two are helped on well
Then storage determines what the displacement of country rock roof and floor and velocity of displacement and country rock two in this time were helped according to the period of setting
Displacement and velocity of displacement, if country rock roof and floor or country rock two are helped within the period of setting displacement or speed are more than setting
Threshold value, then host computer starts warning note on well, while monitoring Position Number corresponding to the displacement or speed being shown
Show;
I, when host computer monitors the stress value for obtaining any monitoring position on well and strain value is quickly reduced close to zero or two prison
When the stress value and strain value that location is set mutate, it is determined that absciss layer occurs at above-mentioned monitoring position, host computer starting on well
Warning note, while the period that host computer record stress and strain value mutate on well, then laser at the monitoring position
The displacement of country rock in the period that rangefinder (2) measures, as the absciss layer amount of country rock are simultaneously shown.
5. the method according to claim 4 for roadway surrounding rock multi-parameters real-time monitoring, which is characterized in that the prison of use
The frequency acquisition of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter device is surveyed according to adjoining rock stability type, tunnel life cycle phase, external environment shadow
It rings and determines.
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CN109813465A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-28 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of roadway surrounding rock stress original position dynamic monitor and working method |
CN109813465B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2024-06-14 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway surrounding rock stress in-situ dynamic monitoring device and working method |
CN113267127A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-17 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Fiber grating sensing roadway surrounding rock safety monitoring system with anchor rod as sensing medium |
CN113267127B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-03-08 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Fiber grating sensing roadway surrounding rock safety monitoring system with anchor rod as sensing medium |
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