CN116675554A - High-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof; in order to reduce the production cost, the application uses solid waste raw materials as main component raw materials of the water permeable brick, reduces the production cost of the ceramic water permeable brick, adds old soda lime glass micropowder with lower melting point as a high-temperature adhesive, and utilizes the infiltration of the old soda lime glass micropowder to the ridge material to facilitate the coating of the surface of blast furnace slag, so as to form the water permeable brick with high strength and avoid the dissolution of heavy metal elements in the blast furnace slag; in addition, the application also carries out modification treatment on the surfaces of the ridge materials such as waste ceramic micro powder and the like in the raw materials, thereby further reducing the rate of defective products caused by firing; on the basis, the self-cleaning layer is also prepared on the surface of the water permeable brick, nano silicon dioxide is loaded and sintered, so that the self-cleaning layer is converted into anatase nano silicon dioxide with high catalytic activity, the photocatalytic efficiency is improved, and the degradation of organic pollutants is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the promotion of urban area, urban drainage problems caused by the continuous expansion of urban area are also acute year by year and limited by the influence of urban hardened pavement, rainwater cannot directly permeate into soil like in nature and can only be drained through a sewer pipe, and the burden of an urban drainage pipeline is obviously increased. The water permeable brick is used as a vehicle inspection material with higher porosity, and contains a large number of gaps inside, so that a water permeable effect can be realized, and when precipitation occurs, water can permeate into soil through the gaps, so that the urban water accumulation problem is effectively relieved; however, compared with the traditional cement pavement, the ceramic water permeable brick has lower strength and is easy to crack and other strength problems, particularly, as the service time is prolonged, the water permeable brick can also be deposited with sundries to block the gaps of the water permeable brick, so that the water permeability is reduced and other problems are caused, and therefore, the ceramic water permeable brick is necessary to overcome the problems so as to meet the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick has the following technical characteristics: the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick consists of a water permeable brick matrix and a self-cleaning layer on the surface of the water permeable brick matrix;
wherein, according to the weight portion, the high strength imitative stone face pottery water permeable brick base body includes following components: 25-40 parts of waste ceramic micropowder, 20-35 parts of blast furnace slag micropowder, 22.5-41 parts of waste glass micropowder, 2-3.15 parts of calcium oxide, 1.5-3.5 parts of aluminum oxide and 25-38 parts of diatomite.
Further, the particle size of the waste ceramic micro powder is 80-120 microns; the grain diameter of the blast furnace slag micropowder is 30-50 microns;
further, the waste glass micro powder is prepared by crushing waste soda lime glass, and the particle size is 60-100 microns.
Further, the particle size of the calcium oxide, the aluminum oxide and the diatomite is 100-140 meshes.
A preparation method of a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramics, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to the required particle size, drying to constant weight at 110-130 ℃, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain raw materials;
s12, mixing the waste ceramic micro powder, the blast furnace slag micro powder and the waste glass micro powder obtained in the step S11, adding the mixture into a ball mill, performing wet ball milling for 0.5-1.5h, and sieving and separating grinding balls to obtain micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2-3, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30-45min, continuously mixing for 30-45min after adding glacial acetic acid, continuously adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55-60 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1-1.5h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4-6, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
s13, adding diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1-1.5 hours, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying to adjust the water content of the mixture to 15-20wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing, ageing for 24-48 hours, and pressing to obtain a water permeable brick blank;
s14, storing the water permeable brick blank in an environment with the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12-24 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145-150 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450-500 ℃, preserving heat for 30-45 minutes, heating to 1000-1050 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60 minutes, cooling to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-30 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, taking out the water permeable brick matrix after negative pressure soaking for 4-8 hours, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution, taking out the water permeable brick matrix after negative pressure soaking for 12-24 hours again, and standing for 1-3 hours to obtain a silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100-110 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5-10min, continuously heating to 450-500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15-30min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Further, in step S12, in the micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the waste ceramic micro powder, the blast furnace slag micro powder, the waste glass micro powder and the water is (25-40): (20-35): (22.5-41): (60-100).
Further, in step S12, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid, and allyl alcohol is 100: (2.5-4): (5-10).
Further, in step S13, the pressing pressure is 18-25MPa during the press molding.
Further, the pH value of the ammonia water ethanol solution is 9.5-10.5.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to reduce the production cost, the application uses solid waste raw materials as main component raw materials of the water permeable bricks; firstly, the waste ceramic and the blast furnace slag are used as ridge materials to serve as a water permeable brick skeleton, so that the production cost of the ceramic water permeable brick is reduced, and the waste ceramic and the blast furnace slag have higher melting points as ridge materials in a high-temperature environment, so that the volume stability of the water permeable brick prepared by the method in the sintering process can be effectively maintained, and the porosity of a finally prepared product is ensured;
2. because the waste ceramic and the blast furnace slag are both ridge materials and are not easy to melt and infiltrate at high temperature, in order to improve the strength of the water permeable brick, waste glass micropowder is further added to serve as a high-temperature binder, the waste glass micropowder raw material is limited, old soda lime glass with a lower melting point is used as the raw material, the particle size of the waste soda lime glass is reduced by grinding, and the sintering and melting difficulty is further reduced;
3. in the raw material mixing process, in order to enhance the uniformity of the prepared water permeable brick blank and reduce the probability of defective products in the firing process, the surfaces of waste ceramic micro powder, blast furnace slag micro powder and waste glass micro powder in the raw materials are modified, the surfaces of the waste ceramic micro powder, the blast furnace slag micro powder and the waste glass micro powder are treated by glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol in an acidic environment, and the surfaces of the waste ceramic micro powder, the blast furnace slag micro powder and the waste glass micro powder are further compounded into mixed emulsion, and then the mixed emulsion is dried to prepare the water permeable brick blank with more uniform properties, so that the defective product rate caused by firing is further reduced;
4. in order to prevent the gaps of the water permeable bricks from being blocked by organic impurities deposited on the surfaces of the water permeable bricks, the self-cleaning layer is also prepared on the surfaces of the water permeable bricks; according to the application, a saturated solution of ethyl orthosilicate is used for carrying out negative pressure impregnation on a water permeable brick substrate, then ammonia water is continuously used for treating the water permeable brick substrate impregnated with the ethyl orthosilicate, under an alkaline environment, nano silicon dioxide generated by the reaction of the ethyl orthosilicate is promoted to be deposited on the surface of the water permeable brick substrate, then the water permeable brick substrate is sintered at a high temperature, and at a temperature of 450-500 ℃, the nano silicon dioxide is promoted to be converted into anatase, the photocatalysis efficiency of the water permeable brick substrate is enhanced, and the degradation of organic pollutants of the water permeable brick substrate is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The diatomaceous earth used in the present application is supplied by the company Hebei Xinxu mineral products Co., ltd; the ethyl orthosilicate is provided by Shandong Xin chemical industry Co., ltd; the blast furnace slag used in the application is y37 type blast furnace slag provided by Jiyingore products Limited company in Ming county;
the main chemical components of the waste ceramic used in the embodiment of the application are shown in the following table 1;
table 1.
| SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | Loss on ignition |
| 66.05 | 16.27 | 0.11 | 8.25 | 1.74 | 1.22 | 6.31 | 0.05 |
The main chemical components of the waste glass used in the present application are shown in table 2 below;
table 2.
| SiO 2 | Na 2 O | CaO | MgO | Al 2 O 3 | K 2 O | Fe 2 O 3 |
| 72.18 | 12.31 | 11.86 | 2.34 | 0.75 | 0.42 | 0.14 |
Embodiment 1. A preparation method of the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Example 2. A preparation method of the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment increases the addition amount of the waste ceramic micro powder;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 40 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Example 3. A method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
compared with example 1, this example increases the addition amount of waste glass micropowder;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 41 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, and sieving, separating grinding balls to obtain micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Example 4. A method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
compared with example 1, the present example increases the addition amount of the allyl alcohol;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:10;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Example 5. A method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 40 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 35 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 41 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 100 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 1.5 hours, and sieving, separating and grinding balls to obtain micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 3, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 45min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 60 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1.5h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 6, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:4:10;
s13, adding 38 parts of diatomite powder, 3.15 parts of calcium oxide powder and 3.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1.5 hours, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 20wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 48 hours, compacting under the compaction pressure of 25MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, storing the water permeable brick blank in an environment with the temperature of 95 ℃ for standing and preserving for 24 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 150 ℃ according to the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, heating to 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 45 minutes, heating to 1050 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, cooling to 600 ℃ according to the rate of 3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 8 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 10.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment again for 24 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 3 hours to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 110 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, continuously heating to 500 ℃ according to a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 30min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Comparative example 1. A method for preparing a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
compared with the embodiment 1, the water permeable brick is not subjected to the treatment of the step S2 in the comparative example;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the water permeable brick;
comparative example 2. A method for preparing a high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick, comprising the following steps:
compared with example 1, the comparative example reduces the addition amount of glass micropowder;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 12.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Comparative example 3. A method for preparing a high strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick, comprising the steps of:
in contrast to embodiment 1, the present embodiment does not perform the processing of step S12;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder, 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder, 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder, adding 60 parts of deionized water, continuously ball milling for 1 hour, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving and granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48 hours, pressing to form, wherein the pressing pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after pressing is finished;
s13, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 450 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
Comparative example 4. A method for preparing a high strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick, comprising the steps of:
compared with example 1, this comparative example changes the sintering temperature in step S22;
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramic, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to required particle sizes, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain old ceramic micro powder with the particle sizes of 80-120 microns, blast furnace slag micro powder with the particle sizes of 30-50 microns, soda-lime glass micro powder with the particle sizes of 60-100 microns and calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and diatomite powder with the particle sizes of 100-140 meshes;
s12, mixing 25 parts of waste ceramic micro powder, 20 parts of blast furnace slag micro powder and 22.5 parts of waste glass micro powder according to parts by weight, adding into a ball mill, adding 60 parts of deionized water, performing wet ball milling for 0.5h, sieving, separating grinding balls, and obtaining micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30min, adding acetic acid, continuously mixing for 30min, adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
wherein, in the modified micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100:2.5:5, a step of;
s13, adding 25 parts of diatomite powder, 2 parts of calcium oxide powder and 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide powder which are treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1h, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 15wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing and ageing for 24-48h, compacting, wherein the compacting pressure is 18MPa, and obtaining a water permeable brick blank after compacting is finished;
s14, after the water permeable brick blank is stored in an environment with the temperature of 85 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, cooling to 500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 4 hours, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution with the pH value of 9.5, carrying out negative pressure soaking treatment for 12 hours again, taking out the water permeable brick matrix, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100 ℃ according to a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, continuously heating to 700 ℃ according to a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
And (3) detection: the water permeable bricks prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4 are prepared into water permeable bricks with the thickness of 100 x 200 x 60mm, the water permeability coefficient and the flexural strength of the water permeable bricks are detected according to the detection standard of GB/T25993 water permeable pavement bricks and water permeable pavement boards, and the product yield is measured according to the number of cracking and breaking-free blanks in the sintering process divided by the total number of the blanks; preparing the water permeable brick matrixes prepared in the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-4 into cylinders with diameters of 2.5cm and heights of 3mm, respectively loading nano silicon dioxide in the modes of the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-4, sintering, placing the sintered products in a methyl orange solution with the concentration of 20mg/L, and detecting the degradation rate of the products to methyl orange after illumination for 100 min; the detection results are shown in the following table;
| permeability coefficient (×10) -2 cm/s） | Flexural strength (MPa) | Yield of product (%) | Degradation rate (%) | |
| Example 1 | 3.32 | 5.1 | 97.4 | 76.2 |
| Example 2 | 3.67 | 4.7 | 95.8 | 74.6 |
| Example 3 | 3.21 | 5.3 | 97.8 | 76.3 |
| Example 4 | 3.34 | 5.2 | 97.7 | 76.2 |
| Example 5 | 3.15 | 4.9 | 97.1 | 76.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.31 | 5.1 | 97.5 | 25.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.72 | 3.4 | 68.5 | 71.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.36 | 4.8 | 91.6 | 75.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 3.31 | 5.2 | 95.4 | 47.8 |
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a imitative stone face pottery brick that permeates water which characterized in that: the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick consists of a water permeable brick matrix and a self-cleaning layer on the surface of the water permeable brick matrix;
wherein, according to the weight portion, the high strength imitative stone face pottery water permeable brick base body includes following components: 25-40 parts of waste ceramic micropowder, 20-35 parts of blast furnace slag micropowder, 22.5-41 parts of waste glass micropowder, 2-3.15 parts of calcium oxide, 1.5-3.5 parts of aluminum oxide and 25-38 parts of diatomite.
2. The high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the waste ceramic micro powder is 80-120 microns; the grain size of the blast furnace slag micropowder is 30-50 microns.
3. The high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein: the waste glass micro powder is prepared by crushing waste soda-lime glass, and the particle size is 60-100 microns.
4. The high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the calcium oxide, the aluminum oxide and the diatomite is 100-140 meshes.
5. The preparation method of the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a water permeable brick matrix;
s11, respectively ball-milling waste ceramics, blast furnace slag, waste glass, diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide to the required particle size, drying to constant weight at 110-130 ℃, and respectively sieving and separating to obtain raw materials;
s12, mixing the waste ceramic micro powder, the blast furnace slag micro powder and the waste glass micro powder obtained in the step S11, adding the mixture into a ball mill, performing wet ball milling for 0.5-1.5h, and sieving and separating grinding balls to obtain micro powder emulsion; dropwise adding hydrochloric acid into the micro powder emulsion to adjust the pH value to 2-3, continuously stirring and homogenizing for 30-45min, continuously mixing for 30-45min after adding glacial acetic acid, continuously adding allyl alcohol, heating to 55-60 ℃, continuously homogenizing for 1-1.5h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the emulsion to 4-6, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified micro powder emulsion;
s13, adding diatomite, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide treated in the step S11 into the modified micro powder emulsion, continuously ball milling for 1-1.5 hours, sieving, separating grinding balls, drying at 110-130 ℃ to constant weight, uniformly stirring the obtained mixture again, spreading and cooling, spraying to adjust the water content of the mixture to 15-20wt%, sieving, granulating, sealing, ageing for 24-48 hours, and pressing to obtain a water permeable brick blank;
s14, storing the water permeable brick blank in an environment with the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for standing and preserving for 12-24 hours, heating the water permeable brick blank to 145-150 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 minutes, heating to 450-500 ℃, preserving heat for 30-45 minutes, heating to 1000-1050 ℃ according to the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60 minutes, cooling to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-30 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the water permeable brick substrate;
s2, preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick;
s21, polishing and grinding the surface of the water permeable brick matrix prepared in the step S11, soaking the water permeable brick matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution of tetraethoxysilane, taking out the water permeable brick matrix after negative pressure soaking for 4-8 hours, rapidly transferring the water permeable brick matrix into ammonia water ethanol solution, taking out the water permeable brick matrix after negative pressure soaking for 12-24 hours again, and standing for 1-3 hours to obtain a silicon dioxide loaded water permeable brick matrix;
s22, heating the silica-supported water permeable brick substrate to 100-110 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5-10min, continuously heating to 450-500 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15-30min, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step S12, in the micro powder emulsion, the mass ratio of waste ceramic micro powder, blast furnace slag micro powder, waste glass micro powder and water is (25-40): (20-35): (22.5-41): (60-100).
7. The method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in step S12, the mass ratio of the micro powder emulsion, glacial acetic acid and allyl alcohol is 100: (2.5-4): (5-10).
8. The method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step S13, the pressing pressure is 18-25MPa during the pressing molding.
9. The method for preparing the high-strength stone-like ceramic water permeable brick according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the pH value of the ammonia water ethanol solution is 9.5-10.5.
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