CN116656384A - Carbon neutralization method for steel products based on carbon cycle of BECNU ecosystem engineering - Google Patents
Carbon neutralization method for steel products based on carbon cycle of BECNU ecosystem engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN116656384A CN116656384A CN202310126319.8A CN202310126319A CN116656384A CN 116656384 A CN116656384 A CN 116656384A CN 202310126319 A CN202310126319 A CN 202310126319A CN 116656384 A CN116656384 A CN 116656384A
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 222
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 36
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
Abstract
The invention provides a carbon neutralization method for steel products based on carbon recycling of a BECNU ecological system engineering, which belongs to the technical field of steel smelting and comprises the following steps: biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified by using BECNU ecological system engineering to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar; the biomass fuel gas is used for completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap green electric short-process steel, and the partial biochar is used for replacing all or partial fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap green electric short-process steel; and (3) performing biochar circulation by using the biochar to deduct the biochar which is remained after the biochar replaces the biochar of the fossil auxiliary material, and removing unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production by using the internationally recognized greenhouse gas removal quantity brought by the biochar performing the biochar circulation to realize the carbon neutralization of the whole waste steel green electricity short-process steel from the cradle to the gate life cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a carbon neutralization method for steel products based on carbon recycling of a BECNU ecological system engineering.
Background
The steel industry, which is one of the industries with the largest carbon emissions, is one of the most difficult industries to realize carbon neutralization. Currently, there are various technical routes for CO 2 But the removal or scavenging of the unavoidable residual carbon emissions of steel production is not achieved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon neutralization method for steel products based on carbon recycling of a BECNU ecosystem engineering.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a carbon neutralization method of steel products based on carbon circulation of biomass energy negative carbon emission BECNU ecosystem engineering, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified by using BECNU ecological system engineering to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar;
(2) Completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by the biomass fuel gas obtained in the step (1), and replacing all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by part of biochar obtained in the step (1);
(3) And (3) deducting the biochar obtained in the step (1) from the biochar obtained in the step (2) to carry out biochar circulation, and eliminating unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production by using internationally recognized greenhouse gas elimination amount brought by the biochar carrying out the biochar circulation, so as to realize the carbon neutralization of all-scrap green electric short-process steel from a cradle to a gate life cycle.
Preferably, the energy source replacing the fossil energy source in the step (2) further includes one or more of green electricity, bio-based alcohol fuel and grease fuel.
Preferably, the green electricity comprises one or more of photovoltaic electricity, solar electricity, wind electricity, nuclear electricity, hydroelectric electricity and biomass electricity generation.
Preferably, the bio-based alcohol fuel comprises methanol and/or ethanol and the lipid fuel comprises biodiesel.
Preferably, the biological energy source is used for completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of short-process steel, and the method comprises the following steps:
(a) Replacing non-biological auxiliary materials in the production of short-process steel with part of the biological carbon obtained in the step (1);
(b) The biomass fuel gas is used as fuel to replace all fossil energy sources, electric furnace afterburning, waste gas secondary combustion, scrap steel preheating, ladle baking, steel smelting and steel rolling are carried out, and green electricity is used for providing power for the steel smelting;
(c) The transportation means for providing energy by one or more of bio-based alcohol fuel, grease fuel and green electricity is used for replacing fossil energy transportation means for transportation.
Preferably, the non-biological source auxiliary material in the step (a) comprises a carburant or a slag former.
Preferably, the method for removing the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emissions in (a), (b) and (c) comprises the steps of establishing a biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering removal deduction model, and realizing the short-process steel product life cycle carbon neutralization from a cradle to a gate.
Preferably, the biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering clearing and deducting model comprises the following steps: according to the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission of the whole waste steel green electric short-process steel production, determining the greenhouse gas removal of the BECNU ecological system engineering, the biomass gas yield and the biochar yield, and the adjustment mechanism of the fossil energy emission reduction and the biochar carbon emission removal of the biological energy substitution, so as to ensure that the biochar carbon emission deduction removal in the short-process steel production boundary is not lower than the unavoidable residual carbon emission in the steel production life cycle.
Preferably, the biochar cycle includes using the biochar for field-returning, fertilizer-fixing, carbon fixation or soil pollution remediation.
Preferably, the method is suitable for long-flow steel production.
The invention provides a carbon neutralization method of steel products based on carbon cycle of a BECNU ecological system engineering, which comprises the following steps: (1) Biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified by using BECNU ecological system engineering to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar; (2) Completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by the biomass fuel gas obtained in the step (1), and replacing all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by part of biochar obtained in the step (1); (3) And (3) deducting the biochar obtained in the step (1) from the biochar obtained in the step (2) to carry out biochar circulation, and eliminating unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production by using internationally recognized greenhouse gas elimination amount brought by the biochar carrying out the biochar circulation, so as to realize the carbon neutralization of all-scrap green electric short-process steel from a cradle to a gate life cycle. In the invention, biological energy including biomass fuel gas and biochar is used for completely replacing all fossil energy and partial fossil auxiliary materials in the short-process steel production, so that the steel production and the fossil energy are completely unhooked, the non-biological source carbon emission is replaced by near-zero carbon emission of the biomass fuel gas (biological source biological fuel gas new energy) obtained by BECNU ecological system engineering, and the near-zero emission reduction of the non-biological source fossil energy carbon emission is realized. The process provided by the invention does not involve the carbon dioxide equivalent which is influenced by the non-biological source carbon dioxide equivalent removal and land utilization change, and the unavoidable residual carbon dioxide equivalent emission of ton steel is the same as the carbon dioxide equivalent removal of biochar for providing carbon sink, so in the invention, the removal of biochar designed and produced according to the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas carbon emission of steel production is converted by utilizing a CFP model, the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas carbon emission of steel production is removed by the biochar removal, and the carbon neutralization of the whole scrap green electric short-process steel from cradle to gate life cycle can be realized. The example results show that according to the CFP model of the carbon footprint of the steel product, the carbon neutralization of the life cycle of the steel product is realized by deducting unavoidable residual carbon emission of steel in the boundary according to the removal amount of biochar obtained by carbon circulation of BECNU ecological system engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for carbon neutralization of a full scrap green electric short process steel product of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a life cycle CFP attribution system for the whole scrap steel green electric short flow steel product of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the CFP process attribution of the carbon neutralized steel product of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a production facility of the method for carbon neutralization of steel products based on the engineering of the negative carbon emission BECNU ecosystem of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a CFP attribution system diagram of a scrap steel all scrap steel green technology.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a carbon neutralization method of steel products based on carbon cycle of a BECNU ecological system engineering, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified by using BECNU ecological system engineering to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar;
(2) Completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by the biomass fuel gas obtained in the step (1), and replacing all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by part of biochar obtained in the step (1);
(3) And (3) deducting the biochar obtained in the step (1) from the biochar obtained in the step (2) to carry out biochar circulation, and eliminating unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production by using internationally recognized greenhouse gas elimination amount brought by the biochar carrying out the biochar circulation, so as to realize the carbon neutralization of all-scrap green electric short-process steel from a cradle to a gate life cycle.
The invention utilizes BECNU ecological system engineering to carry out pyrolysis gasification on biomass to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar.
The BECNU ecological system engineering is not particularly limited, and biomass pyrolysis and gasification can be realized, so that biomass gas and biochar can be obtained. In the invention, the device for implementing the BECNU ecological system engineering is preferably a pyrolysis gasification-carbonization furnace, the operation method and experimental parameters of the pyrolysis gasification-carbonization furnace are not particularly limited, and biomass can be pyrolyzed, gasified and carbonized by adopting an operation method well known to a person skilled in the art to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar required by the BECNU ecological system engineering carbon cycle design.
The source and type of the biomass are not particularly limited in the present invention, and biomass known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the biomass preferably includes agricultural and forestry waste.
After biomass gas and biochar are obtained, the biomass gas is used for completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel, and part of the biochar is used for replacing all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel.
In the invention, the unavoidable carbon emission in the preparation of the BECNU ecological system engineering biochar and biomass fuel gas is directly deducted from the carbon emission of the biochar, and the net value of the carbon emission of the biochar is incorporated into a carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering clearing deduction model.
In the invention, the bioenergy further comprises one or more of green electricity, bio-based alcohol fuel and grease fuel.
In the present invention, the green electricity preferably includes photovoltaic electricity, solar electricity, geothermal electricity, wind electricity, nuclear electricity, hydroelectric electricity, or biomass electricity. The source of the green electricity is not particularly limited, and online shopping, direct shopping or self-production can be adopted. In the present invention, the green electricity is included in the product greenhouse gas inventory CFP model by standard, and the biochar carbon negative emissions are included in the CFP model in net value. In the present invention, the green electricity standard preferably includes that the electricity carbon emission factor per degree is: 0.8-15.8 g of photovoltaic power generation-public utility, 7.85-26.9 g of roof photovoltaic, 4.8-8.6 g of land wind power, 6.8-14.8 g of offshore wind power, 29-79 g of geothermal power generation, 61-109 g of hydropower and 78-178 g of nuclear power. In the invention, compared with 997g of carbon emission factor of fossil energy power, the carbon emission factor of green electricity is only equivalent to 1% -2% of carbon emission, so that green electricity is used as low-carbon energy to replace fossil energy power in short-process steel production to supply electricity for the steel product in the carbon neutralization method, the greenhouse gas emission reduction effect can be improved, and carbon emission is avoided as far as possible.
In the present invention, the bio-based alcohol fuel preferably includes methanol and/or ethanol. In the present invention, the lipid fuel preferably comprises biodiesel. In the invention, the bio-based alcohol fuel and the lipid fuel are used as the biological energy to replace fossil energy sources of production services such as logistics and the like in the short-process steel production, so that the greenhouse gas emission reduction effect can be improved, and carbon emission can be avoided as much as possible.
In the present invention, the steelmaking process of the short-flow steel preferably includes an electric furnace steelmaking process. The specific operation method of the electric steelmaking process is not particularly limited, and the operation method of the electric steelmaking process known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the embodiment of the invention, the production process flow of the full scrap steel green electric short-flow steel is preferably shown in fig. 1.
In the present invention, the short flow steel is a greenhouse gas inventory carbon footprint model CFP, abbreviated as CFP model, for cradle to gate life cycle carbon neutralization, preferably represented by the formula:
in the present invention, the CFP model is preferably explained as follows:
the reference stream is 1 ton of steel product;
the biomass fuel gas and the unavoidable carbon emission in the production process of biochar products are obtained by using BECNU ecosystem engineering carbon circulation, and the biomass fuel gas and biochar products belong to "(biogenic) carbon dioxide equivalent emission of the CFP model.
Net removal of greenhouse gases by biochar products carbon sink, which is the "(biogenic) carbon dioxide equivalent removal in the CFP model.
Carbon cycle absorption CO is increased in yield increase of plants caused by fertilization of biochar and soil pollution repair 2 The increased purge amount of carbon sink belongs to "(biogenic) carbon dioxide equivalent purge (land management)" or "carbon dioxide equivalent affected by land use change" in the CFP model.
Non-biological sources except biomass fuel gas-biochar in steel production inevitably emit carbon and clear greenhouse gas, and belong to "(non-biological sources) carbon dioxide equivalent emission" or "(non-biological sources) carbon dioxide equivalent clear" in the CFP model.
In the present invention, carbon footprint emissions and purge removal in the CFP model preferably include CO 2 Emission and scavenging of non-di-greenhouse gases methane, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride, followed by indirect emission and scavenging of greenhouse gas precursors, i.e., non-greenhouse gas species. In the present invention, the methane hydrofluorocarbons preferably include HFCs or HCFCs; the perfluorocarbon-like compounds are preferably PFCs; subsequent indirect emission of the greenhouse gas precursor and subsequent emission of a greenhouse gas, preferably CO.
In the invention, the use of bioenergy to completely replace fossil energy in the production of short-process steel comprises the following aspects:
(a) Replacing non-biological auxiliary materials in the production of short-process steel with part of the biological carbon obtained in the step (1);
(b) The biomass fuel gas is used as fuel to replace all fossil energy sources, electric furnace afterburning, waste gas secondary combustion, scrap steel preheating, ladle baking, steel smelting and steel rolling are carried out, and green electricity is used for providing power for the steel smelting;
(c) The transportation means for providing energy by one or more of bio-based alcohol fuel, grease fuel and green electricity is used for replacing fossil energy transportation means for transportation.
The invention replaces all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full scrap steel green electric short-process steel with the part of biochar. In the present invention, the non-biogenic auxiliary material preferably includes a carburant or a slag former, more preferably carbon powder. According to the invention, the partial biochar replaces all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full scrap steel green electric short-process steel, so that emission reduction can be realized, and carbon neutralization in the production of the full scrap steel green electric short-process steel is more facilitated.
According to the invention, the biochar is subjected to biochar circulation by the biochar after the biochar is deducted, and unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production is eliminated by the internationally recognized greenhouse gas removal amount brought by the biochar subjected to the biochar circulation, so that the carbon neutralization of all-scrap steel green electricity short-process steel from a cradle to a gate life cycle is realized.
According to the invention, the biochar is used for replacing part of non-biological source fossil auxiliary materials in the production of short-process steel, so that the direct carbon emission in the range 1 can be reduced, and the near-zero carbon emission in the industrial process can be realized. According to the invention, the biochar is preferably used for replacing part of non-biological source fossil auxiliary materials in short-process steel production, and the CFP model is utilized to calculate the carbon footprint of the greenhouse gas list, so that the removal amount of the biochar directly withstands the removal of the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas direct carbon emission in steel production, and the near zero carbon emission of an industrial process is realized.
In the invention, the clean removal of the biological source of the greenhouse gas of the industrial process carbon emission and the biological carbon is to constantly calculate the non-biological source CO of the steel product by a material mass balance method 2 Equivalent emissions and non-biogenic CO 2 Equivalent clean-up. In the invention, partial biochar is adopted to replace non-biological source auxiliary materials in the production of short-process steel, so that the biochar can be fixed in steel products, the direct carbon emission in the range 1 can be reduced, and the near zero carbon emission in the industrial process can be realized.
In the present invention, the range 2 indirect emissions are greenhouse gas emissions and cleanup resulting from the combustion of outsourced fuel, including fixed combustion, moving combustion, unorganized emissions, industrial manufacturing process emissions, and emissions and cleanup of the carbon footprint CFP of the biochar greenhouse gas biogenic clean-up. In the invention, the emission accounting of the biomass gas combustion carbon footprint of the fixed combustion is zero; the carbon emissions of the mobile combustion preferably comprise emissions of vehicles owned or leased by a company, outsourced electric green electricity charging power, bio-based alcohols or/and grease bio-based fuels; the unstructured emissions preferably include industrial leaks.
The biomass fuel gas is preferably used as fuel to replace all fossil energy sources, electric furnace afterburning, waste gas secondary combustion, scrap steel preheating, ladle baking, steel making and steel rolling are carried out, and green electricity is used for providing power for the steel making.
In the invention, the electric furnace afterburning, the secondary combustion of waste gas, the preheating of waste steel, the ladle baking, the steel smelting and the steel rolling are conventional operations in the short-process steel production process, and the invention realizes the complete unhooking of steel production and fossil energy by adopting biomass fuel gas as fuel to completely replace fossil energy, and the short-process steel production range 2 outsourcing energy is near zero carbon emission.
The invention uses the transport means which provides energy by one or more of bio-based alcohol fuel, grease fuel and green electricity to replace the transport means which uses fossil energy for transportation, and can realize maximum emission reduction of the 3 logistics of the value chain of steel products and other indirect carbon emission in the production service.
In the present invention, the transportation means of the bio-based alcohol fuel preferably includes transportation means using ethanol or methanol as a fuel; the means of transportation of the oleaginous fuel preferably comprises means of transportation of biodiesel as fuel; the green electric vehicle preferably comprises a green electric vehicle. The transportation means for providing energy by one or more of fuel, grease fuel and green electricity replaces transportation means using fossil energy to transport, and the green supply chain is used for reducing emission of other indirect carbon emission of steel product value chain 3 logistics and other production services as much as possible.
In the invention, the carbon dioxide equivalent removal carbon sink of the ecological system engineering carbon cycle product of the industrial process of the range 1, the outsourcing energy of the range 2 and other indirect carbon emissions distributed by the value chain of the range 3 are totally deducted and removed by adopting the carbon emission-negative BECNU for producing the unavoidable residual carbon emissions for the steel production.
In the invention, the industrial process of the range 1, the outsourcing energy of the range 2 and other indirect carbon emissions distributed by the value chain of the range 3 are the unavoidable residual carbon emissions after the emission reduction measures as much as possible are adopted, and the invention preferably establishes a biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering carbon circulation removal deduction model to realize the carbon neutralization of short-flow steel products from cradle to gate life cycle.
In the invention, the biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering clearing and deducting model comprises the following steps: according to the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission of the whole waste steel green electric short-process steel production, determining the greenhouse gas removal of the BECNU ecological system engineering, the biomass gas yield and the biochar yield, and the adjustment mechanism of the fossil energy emission reduction and the biochar carbon emission removal of the biological energy substitution, so as to ensure that the biochar carbon emission deduction removal in the short-process steel production boundary is not lower than the unavoidable residual carbon emission in the steel production life cycle. In the present invention, the adjustment mechanism for determining the greenhouse gas removal amount and the biomass gas yield and the biochar yield of the BECNU ecological system engineering, and the biomass energy substitution fossil energy emission reduction amount and the biochar carbon emission removal amount thereof preferably comprises: the emission reduction and unavoidable residual emission which are realized by various energy-saving emission reduction measures as much as possible in the evaluation boundary are calculated, the clearance which needs to be deducted by the biochar and the carbon cycle biogas yield and the biochar yield of the biochar negative carbon emission and BECNU ecosystem engineering carbon are determined, and then the BECNU biogas yield, the emission reduction and the biochar yield and the negative carbon emission clearance thereof are adjusted, so that the negative carbon emission deduction of the biochar in the short-process steel production boundary is not lower than the unavoidable residual emission of the steel production life cycle, and the carbon neutralization and the clean zero carbon emission of the steel products are realized.
In the present invention, the BECNU ecosystem engineering carbon cycle preferably includes a carbon cycle of both short-term and long-term nature.
In the invention, the flow chart of the carbon neutralization method of the full scrap steel green electric short-process steel product is preferably shown in fig. 1, the life cycle CFP attribution system chart of the full scrap steel green electric short-process steel product is shown in fig. 2, the CFP attribution constitution chart of the carbon neutralization steel product is shown in fig. 3, the production device structure chart of the carbon neutralization method of the steel product based on the negative carbon emission BECNU ecological system engineering is shown in fig. 4, and the CFP attribution system chart of the full scrap steel green electric technology of the steel prior art of the treasures is shown in fig. 5 as comparison of the invention. The method for realizing the carbon neutralization process of the steel product comprises the following steps of:
as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, compared with fig. 5 in the prior art, the biomass fuel gas of the secondary energy product of the becnu replaces fossil energy used in the traditional steel production, so that the steel production and the fossil energy are completely unhooked.
In the present invention, the carbon footprint CFP process of the carbon-neutralized steel product is shown in fig. 3 due to the greenhouse gas emission and scavenging composition. Wherein:
1. "1. Other unavoidable greenhouse gas emissions and 5 emissions and removal of clean fossil energy greenhouse gas" belong to the non-biogenic greenhouse gas carbon dioxide equivalent emissions and removal;
2.2, biological source carbon emission, 6, biological source greenhouse gas removal and 9, biological carbon in the product belongs to biological source greenhouse gas carbon dioxide equivalent emission and removal;
3. "emissions of direct land use change and land management change, 4. Land use emissions excluding land management change, 7. Purge of direct land use change and land management change, 8. Purge of land use excluding land management change, 10. Indirect land use change emissions, 11. Indirect land use change purge", etc. belong to the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide equivalent (emissions or purge) of land use and its change effects.
In the carbon neutralization method of the steel product based on the engineering carbon circulation of the negative carbon emission BECNU ecological system, the structure diagram of the biomass pyrolysis gasification-carbonization furnace of the core production device for realizing the carbon circulation is preferably shown as figure 4, wherein the left diagram is a schematic diagram of a biomass fixed bed gasification-carbonization furnace, the right diagram is a schematic diagram of a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification-carbonization furnace, and the application of the technical scheme of the invention is not particularly limited as long as the design requirement of the engineering carbon circulation model of the BECNU ecological system can be met.
In the present invention, the biomass gasification-carbonization process flow of fig. 4 preferably includes the steps of:
(i) Biomass is added at the top of a pyrolysis gasification furnace, enters a drying layer and is dried by utilizing waste heat of the upward air flow of the gasification furnace;
(ii) Under the drying layer, the ascending biomass pyrolysis gasification biomass gas is output by a gas pipeline, and is utilized in steel making and steel rolling processes of a steel production terminal, so that fossil energy is comprehensively replaced;
(iii) When biomass descending from the drying layer by gravity reaches the pyrolysis gasification layer area, biomass sugar macromolecular chains are broken under the action of heat, and anaerobic pyrolysis and oxygen-deficient controlled oxygen gasification thermochemical reaction are started to produce target products biomass gas and biochar;
(iv) A reduction layer of temperature and pressure reducing atmosphere is formed between the pyrolysis gasification layer and the furnace bottom oxidation combustion layer, and CO ascending from the furnace bottom oxidation layer 2 H contained in alcohol fuel and biochar 2 O is reduced to CO and H 2 Upgoing of mixed combustible gas；
(v) The method comprises the steps that the charcoal which continuously descends through a reduction layer and alcohol fuels which are not subjected to pyrolysis gasification and reduction are oxidized and combusted in a furnace bottom oxidation layer, and various gasification-carbonization operation parameters such as the equivalent ratio of the biofuel to gasifying agent, the temperature, the pressure, the oxidation combustion rate and the like are regulated through a circulating water jacket, a primary air, a secondary air and a central air system which are arranged at the periphery of a fire grate and technological means such as adding steam, so that target products with different biomass gas yields and charcoal yields are obtained;
(vi) The biochar and impurities are discharged from the fire grate, and the mixed product (plant ash) of the biochar and the impurities is output through a safe water seal wet method, and the biochar fertilizer and soil pollution repairing agent factory is removed to produce BECNU ecological system engineering end products (door to door 1) such as the biochar fertilizer and the soil pollution repairing agent.
According to the carbon neutralization method for the steel product based on the carbon cycle of the BECNU ecosystem engineering with negative carbon emission, the biomass gasification-carbonization operation parameters are not particularly limited, and the adjustment operation can be carried out according to the BECNU operation rules according to the carbon cycle design and operation requirements of the BECNU ecosystem engineering.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Taking a method for carbon neutralization of steel products based on carbon cycle of engineering of negative carbon emission BECNU ecosystem as an example, a short-process continuous charging electric furnace steel plant is modified:
the production capacity of the short-flow continuous-feeding electric furnace steel mill of this example was 100t of the average steel production per hour of the electric furnace.
1. Carbon emission condition of ton steel before transformation of a short-flow continuous feeding electric furnace steel:
waste steel raw material 1.08 ton, emission factor 0.0037t CO 2 T, emission 0.004t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total power consumption is 594.18 kW.h, and the power emission factor of the region is 0.8046CO 2 Per kW.h, emission 0.478tCO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Oxygen 36.1Nm 3 Emission factor 0.0009827t CO 2 /Nm 3 The discharge amount is 0.036t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode consumption was 1.86kg, the electrode emission factor was 3.663kg CO 2 Per kg, emission 0.007t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 22.29kg of carbon powder and 2.690kg of CO 2 Per kg, emission 0.060t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Anthracite coal 19.06kg, emission factor 2.530kg CO 2 Kg, emission 0.048t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 58.25kg of lime and 0.440kg of CO emission factor 2 Kg, emission 0.026t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 17.63kg of dolomite with an emission factor of 0.477kg of CO 2 Kg, emission 0.008t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Arc-refining ton steel emissions total: 0.667t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Smokeless coal consumption of 99.44kg for continuous casting and rolling ton steel, and emission factor of 2.530kg CO 2 Per kg, ton steel emissions 0.244t CO 2e . The carbon emission of the short-process ton steel of the full scrap steel continuous charging electric arc furnace is 0.911t CO 2e 。
2. The short-flow continuous charging electric furnace steel is subjected to flow transformation and boundary expansion, and the transformation method comprises the following steps: all electricity consumption is converted into green electricity, a BECNU ecological system engineering core device with negative carbon emission, namely a biomass gasification co-production biochar system is built in a steel mill, part of produced biochar is used for replacing carbon powder used in a steelmaking-refining process, the rest of biochar is used as a biochar fertilizer and pollution repairing agent raw material, all ecological products are applied to soil along with ecological system engineering, long-term fertilizer carbon fixation is carried out, and produced substance fuel gas is conveyed to an electric arc steelmaking, refining and steel rolling working section through a fuel gas pipeline to replace all anthracite consumed by the biomass gasification co-production biochar system.
Carbon emission condition of ton steel after transformation: wind power green electricity emission factor 10g CO 2e Per kW.h, total power consumption discharge 0.006t CO 2e Compared with the emission reduction of 0.472t CO before transformation 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After the carbon powder is changed into the biomass to burn and gasify and co-produce the biochar produced by the biochar system, the emission is 0, compared with the emission reduction of 0.060tCO before transformation 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The discharge of the anthracite used for electric arc and refining and steel rolling is 0 after the anthracite is changed into biomass gasCompared with the emission reduction of 0.292t CO before transformation 2e 。
It can be seen that under other conditions, the total emissions reduction after retrofitting is: 0.472+0.060+0.292=0.824 (tco) 2e ) The carbon emission amount of the short-process ton steel of the full scrap steel continuous charging electric arc furnace is changed into: 0.911-0.824=0.087 (tco 2e ). The carbon emission amount of the ton of steel is the residual unavoidable carbon emission.
3. The remaining unavoidable carbon emissions are offset by biochar removal carbon sink removal by the following method:
1.9 tons of biochar is collected, 0.0458t of biochar is needed for one ton of steel, and 23.38kg of biochar is needed for replacing 22.29kg of carbon powder according to the principle of equivalent carbon element quantity; the biomass fuel gas is used for replacing 118.5kg of anthracite, the anthracite is required to undergo a coal gasification process, the energy conversion efficiency is 80%, the calorific value of the anthracite is 6,500kal/kg, and the calorific value of the biomass fuel gas is 1,300kcal/Nm 3 According to the formula of anthracite quantity x anthracite unit heat value x 80% = biomass gas quantity x biomass gas unit heat value, the biomass gas consumption per ton of steel is 474Nm 3 。
Accordingly, the biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon emission BECNU system of the steel plant needs to provide 474Nm of biomass gas for ton of steel 3 And 0.0692 tons of biochar.
For a steel mill biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar system, ideal condition biochar yield is calculated as follows:
1Nm 3 biomass fuel gas containing 183.27g and 474Nm 3 The biomass fuel gas contains 0.08687t carbon, the biochar contains 70% carbon, the 0.0692t biochar contains 0.04844t carbon, the biomass fuel contains 48% carbon, and if m tons of biochar with 70% carbon content are produced after 1 ton of biomass fuel is gasified, the produced substance fuel gas and biochar just meet the requirements of ton of steel biomass fuel gas and biochar, 0.7m/48% = 0.04844/(0.08687+0.04844), and m= 0.2455 is calculated, namely the biochar yield is 24.55%.
In the carbon neutralization process of the steel product of the embodiment, when the yield of the biochar is 24.55%, 1 ton of biomass fuel is produced to 1,684Nm 3 Biomass fuel gas.
According to the conservation principle of biomass gasification carbon elements, ideal biomass gasification operation conditions are calculated as follows: after gasification-carbonization reaction of 1 ton of biomass containing 48% of carbon by a gasification-carbonization system, a heat value of 1,300kal/Nm was produced 3 1,684Nm biomass gas 3 The biochar 0.2455t with 70% carbon content is produced, and the biochar yield is 24.55%.
The average steel yield per hour of the electric furnace of the embodiment is 100t, and the biomass combustion gasification system needs to supply 47,400Nm of biomass fuel gas per hour 3 6.92t of biochar; the amount of biomass fuel is required to be 28.15t per hour.
According to a product carbon footprint CFP model formula of a greenhouse gas accounting system GHGPTOCH (GHGPTOCH) product standard:
the analysis unit was a cradle to gate (full scrap green biomass gas biochar) 1 ton steel product with a biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emission of 0, biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent purge/reference stream = biochar carbon dioxide equivalent purge providing carbon sink/reference stream = 0.087t CO 2e Non-biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions = ton of steel unavoidable residual carbon dioxide equivalent emissions = 0.087t CO 2e The embodiment has no non-biological source carbon dioxide equivalent removal, and biomass fuel is obtained from a forest which is manually and continuously managed, and has no land utilization change influence.
Calculating the carbon footprint CFP of the steel product to obtain ton steel carbon emission = biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emission-biochar carbon dioxide equivalent removal providing carbon sink + ton steel unavoidable residual carbon dioxide equivalent emission-non biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent removal + carbon dioxide equivalent of 0-0.087+0.087-0+0 = 0 affected by land use variation.
Example 2
Taking a carbon neutralization method of steel products based on carbon cycle of the BECNU ecosystem engineering for carbon emission as an example, modifying a short-flow discontinuous charging electric furnace steel plant:
the short-flow discontinuous charging electric furnace steel mill production capacity of this example was 115t of average steel production per hour in the electric furnace.
1. Carbon emission condition of ton steel before transformation of a short-flow discontinuous charging electric furnace steel:
waste steel raw material consumption of 1.07 tons per ton of steel and CO emission factor of 0.0037t 2 T, emission 0.004t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total power consumption is 425 kW.h, and the power emission factor of the region is 0.8042t CO 2 Per kW.h, emission amount 0.342t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Oxygen 34.7Nm 3 Emission factor 0.0009827t CO 2 /Nm 3 The discharge amount is 0.034t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode consumption was 1.47kg, the electrode emission factor was 3.663kg CO 2 Per kg, emission 0.005t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 35.68kg of carbon powder and 2.690kg of CO 2 Per kg, emission 0.096t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 13.4Nm of natural gas 3 Emission factor 1.911kg CO 2 /Nm 3 Emission of 0.026t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 34.68kg of lime and 0.440kg of CO emission factor 2 Per kg, emission 0.015t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dolomite 12.89kg, emission factor 0.477kg CO 2 Per kg, emission 0.006t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Total of electric arc steelmaking-refining ton steel emissions: 0.528t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Continuous casting-continuous rolling: 40% of the refined molten steel is conveyed to an H-shaped steel production line, and the remaining 60% is conveyed to an ESP galvanized sheet production line. The natural gas consumption of two production lines of continuous casting and rolling (including the natural gas consumption of the heating tundish during molten steel transferring) are respectively as follows: the natural gas consumption per ton of steel of the H-shaped steel production line is 28.56Nm 3 The natural gas consumption of ton steel in ESP galvanized sheet production line is 1.86Nm 3 . The average ton steel natural gas consumption of continuous casting-continuous rolling of two production lines is 40% ×28.56+60% ×1.86=12.54 Nm 3 1.911kg CO of natural gas emission factor used 2 /Nm 3 Average ton steel emission 0.024t CO 2e . Example Current conditions of waste Steel to product from Steel works the average ton Steel carbon emission was about 0.552t CO 2e 。
2. The short-flow continuous charging electric furnace steel is subjected to flow transformation and boundary expansion, and the transformation method comprises the following steps: all electricity consumption is converted into green electricity, a BECNU ecological system engineering core device with negative carbon emission, namely a biomass gasification co-production biochar system is built in a steel mill, part of produced biochar is used for replacing carbon powder used in a steelmaking-refining process, the rest of biochar is used as a biochar fertilizer and pollution repairing agent raw material, all ecological products are applied to soil along with ecological system engineering, long-term fertilizer carbon fixation is carried out, and produced substance fuel gas is conveyed to an electric arc steelmaking, refining and steel rolling working section through a fuel gas pipeline to replace all natural gas consumed by the biomass gasification co-production biochar system.
After carbon neutral ecosystem engineering is performed: the emission factor of the green electricity is 10g CO according to the wind power emission standard 2e Per kW.h, the total electricity consumption emission is 0.004t CO 2e Emission reduction of 0.338t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After the carbon powder is changed into biochar, the emission is 0, and the emission is reduced by 0.096t CO 2e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After the natural gas used in electric arc steelmaking-refining-continuous casting-continuous rolling is changed into biomass gas, the emission is 0, and the emission is reduced by 0.050t CO 2e . The total emission after transformation is reduced by 0.484t CO 2e The carbon emission of the short-process ton steel of the full scrap steel electric arc furnace is 0.068t CO 2e 。
3. The residual unavoidable carbon emission is eliminated and deducted by using the biochar carbon sink, and the method comprises the following steps:
the residual unavoidable 0.068t CO 2e 1 ton of biochar is used for counteracting 1.9 ton of biochar, 0.0358t of biochar is needed for ton of steel, and 37.4kg of biochar is needed for replacing 35.68kg of carbon powder according to the principle of equal carbon element quantity; in total, 0.0732 tons of biochar are required.
Replacement of all 13.4+12.54=25.94 Nm with biomass gas 3 Natural gas, natural gas calorific value 8,300kal/kg, biomass gas calorific value 1,300kcal/Nm 3 According to the equivalent formula of the heat values of natural gas and biomass gas, the natural gas quantity x natural gas unit heat value=biomass gas quantity x biomass gas unit heat value, and the biomass gas consumption per ton of steel is 165.6Nm 3 。
The biochar yield under ideal conditions of the biomass gasification-biochar system in the steel mill is calculated as follows:
1Nm 3 biomass fuel gas containing 183.27g and 165.6Nm 3 The biomass fuel gas contains 0.03035t of carbon, 70t of biochar and 0t of 0.0732t of biochar.05124t and 48% of carbon content in the biomass fuel.
Assuming that a ton of biochar with 70% carbon content is produced after 1 ton of biomass fuel is gasified, the generated substance gas and biochar just meet the requirements of ton of steel biomass gas and biochar, then 0.7a/48% = 0.05124/(0.03035+0.05124), a= 0.4306 is calculated, namely the biochar yield is 43.06%, and 975.8Nm is produced by 1 ton of biomass fuel 3 Biomass fuel gas; according to the principle of biomass combustion gasification-biochar carbon element conservation, the ideal biomass combustion gasification-biochar operation conditions are calculated as follows: after 1 ton of biomass containing 48% of carbon is subjected to carbon neutralization ecological system engineering through a pyrolysis gasification-biochar system, the heat value is produced to be 1,300kal/Nm 3 975.8Nm of biomass fuel gas 3 The biochar 0.4306t with 70% carbon content is produced, and the biochar yield is 43.06%. Calculated according to the average steel output of 175t per hour of the electric furnace, the biomass combustion gasification-biochar system needs to supply 28980Nm of biomass fuel gas per hour 3 Charcoal 12.81t was produced.
Accordingly, the embodiment realizes carbon neutralization of steel products, the consumption of biomass fuel per hour is 29.70t, the daily requirement is about 720t, and the annual requirement is 262 and 800t.
According to a product carbon footprint CFP model formula of a greenhouse gas accounting system GHGPTOCH (GHGPTOCH) product standard:
the analysis unit was a cradle to gate (full scrap green biomass gas biochar) 1 ton steel product with a biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emission of 0, biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent purge/reference stream = biochar carbon dioxide equivalent purge providing carbon sink/reference stream = 0.068t CO 2e Non-biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions = ton of steel unavoidable residual carbon dioxide equivalent emissions = 0.068t CO 2e In the embodiment, no non-biological source carbon dioxide equivalent is removed, and biomass fuel is obtained from a forest which is manually and continuously managed, so that the influence of land utilization change is not considered.
This example calculates the carbon footprint CFP of the steel product to yield ton steel carbon emission = biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emission-biochar carbon dioxide equivalent removal to provide carbon sink + ton steel unavoidable residual carbon dioxide equivalent emission-non biogenic carbon dioxide equivalent removal + carbon dioxide equivalent = 0-0.068+0.068-0+0 = 0 affected by land use variation.
According to the embodiment, the carbon neutralization method for the steel products based on the engineering carbon cycle of the negative carbon emission BECNU ecosystem can realize the carbon neutralization of short-process steel from the cradle to the gate.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for carbon neutralization of steel products based on biomass energy carbon negative emission BECNU ecosystem engineering carbon cycle comprises the following steps:
(1) Biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified by using BECNU ecological system engineering to obtain biomass fuel gas and biochar;
(2) Completely replacing fossil energy sources in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by the biomass fuel gas obtained in the step (1), and replacing all or part of fossil auxiliary materials in the production of the full-scrap steel green electric short-process steel by part of biochar obtained in the step (1);
(3) And (3) deducting the biochar obtained in the step (1) from the biochar obtained in the step (2) to carry out biochar circulation, and eliminating unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission in short-process steel production by using internationally recognized greenhouse gas elimination amount brought by the biochar for carrying out biochar circulation, so as to realize carbon neutralization of all-scrap green electric short-process steel from a cradle to a gate life cycle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the energy source that replaces the fossil energy source in step (2) further comprises one or more of green electricity, bio-based alcohol fuels, and grease-based fuels.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the green electricity comprises one or more of photovoltaic electricity, solar electricity, wind electricity, nuclear power, hydroelectric and biomass power generation.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the bio-based alcohol fuel comprises methanol and/or ethanol and the lipid fuel comprises biodiesel.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the complete replacement of fossil energy in short-process steel production with bioenergy comprises the following aspects:
(a) Replacing non-biological auxiliary materials in the production of short-process steel with part of the biological carbon obtained in the step (1);
(b) The biomass fuel gas is used as fuel to replace all fossil energy sources, electric furnace afterburning, waste gas secondary combustion, scrap steel preheating, ladle baking, steel smelting and steel rolling are carried out, and green electricity is used for providing power for the steel smelting;
(c) The transportation means using fossil energy is replaced by transportation means using one or more of bio-based alcohol fuel, grease fuel and green electricity.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the non-biogenic auxiliary material of step (a) comprises a carburettor or a slag former.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method of removing unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emissions of (a), (b) and (c) comprises creating a biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon negative emission BECNU ecosystem engineering removal deduction model to achieve short-process steel product life cycle carbon neutralization from cradle to gate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the biomass pyrolysis gasification-biochar carbon negative emission BECNU ecosystem engineering removal deduction model comprises: according to the unavoidable residual greenhouse gas emission of the whole waste steel green electric short-process steel production, determining the greenhouse gas removal of the BECNU ecological system engineering, the biomass gas yield and the biochar yield, and the adjustment mechanism of the fossil energy emission reduction and the biochar carbon emission removal of the biological energy substitution, so as to ensure that the biochar carbon emission deduction removal in the short-process steel production boundary is not lower than the unavoidable residual carbon emission in the steel production life cycle.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the biochar carbon cycle comprises using the biochar for field-returning, fertilizer-fixing, carbon fixation or soil pollution remediation.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is suitable for long-flow steel production.
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