CN116626373A - Space charge and external current cooperative test system and method for solid-liquid two-phase dielectric - Google Patents
Space charge and external current cooperative test system and method for solid-liquid two-phase dielectric Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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Abstract
The application discloses a space charge and external current cooperative test system and method of solid-liquid two-phase dielectric, which is characterized in that high-voltage pulse applied on a tested sample by an upper electrode is grounded through a lower electrode, and the space charge of the tested sample is measured; when the external current of the tested sample is measured, stopping the action of high-voltage pulse applied to the tested sample, and outputting no signal in the space charge measuring loop; the external current flowing through the current test loop electrode branch is collected. The square wave pulse is used for triggering the high-voltage pulse output to realize the output control of the high-voltage pulse, and the high-voltage relay is used for realizing the time sequence switching of the space charge measuring circuit and the external current measuring circuit, so that the cooperative test of the space charge and the external current of the tested sample is realized. The application has the characteristics of measurable solid-liquid two-phase medium, controllable high-voltage pulse output, obvious space charge measurement waveform, high external current measurement precision and accurate space charge and external current cooperative measurement time sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of space charge and current testing of insulating media in high-voltage and insulating technologies, and particularly relates to a design and a method of a space charge and external current cooperative testing system of solid-liquid two-phase dielectrics.
Background
The high-voltage direct current transmission has the advantages of small transmission loss, low line cost, no reactive power, simple connection mode, easy control and adjustment and the like, and plays an important role in long-distance transmission and intelligent power grids. The converter transformer is core node equipment of a direct current transmission system, and with the development of a direct current transmission technology, the voltage level and the transmission capacity of direct current transmission gradually progress to higher levels, and the requirements on the reliability and the insulation design level of the converter transformer are higher and higher. The oilpaper is a main insulating material used in a large-scale converter transformer, and space charge effect and electric field distortion caused by space charge in the operation of the converter transformer are key factors for restricting the insulation design level and the insulation performance improvement of the converter transformer.
Currently, the more widely used space charge measurement methods are: pressure wave expansion and Electro-acoustic impulse (PEA) methods. The pressure wave expansion method can be further divided into the following according to the generation of pressure wave pulse: piezoelectric induced pressure wave expansion (PIWP) and laser induced pressure wave expansion (LIPP), which are called piezoelectric induced pressure wave expansion when a pressure wave pulse is induced by an electric pulse and a piezoelectric material, and laser induced pressure wave expansion when induced by a laser signal. Compared with the space charge measurement technology of the piezoelectric induced pressure wave method, the space charge measurement technology of the electroacoustic pulse method has the advantages of high resolution, low cost, simple device, low manufacturing cost and stronger anti-interference capability.
According to IEC60093:1980 and GB/T1410-2006 standards, the volumetric resistivity test method for solid insulating materials should use a three electrode system and require that the plate sample size be at least 7mm greater than the electrode maximum size per side. In measuring the external current of the dielectric, a protective electrode connected to ground should also be provided on both sides of the current measuring electrode ring in order to avoid that the current flowing through the sample surface interferes with the external current measurement.
Although the measurement of dielectric space charge and external current can respectively characterize the characteristics of carrier transport, trap and the like in a medium, certain disadvantages exist: if the effect of medium space charge transport on external current and the relation between current response and space charge distribution cannot be reflected at the same time; and the existing space charge and current combined measurement equipment cannot carry out cooperative test on space charge and external current on the solid-liquid two-phase insulating medium material.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to test a solid insulating material and a solid-liquid two-phase insulating material, and provides a space charge and external current cooperative measurement system and a test method based on an electroacoustic pulse method.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme.
In one aspect of the present application, a space charge and external current cooperative test system for a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric is provided, comprising:
the tested component is configured with an upper electrode and a lower electrode which are connected with the voltage pulse circuit and the signal measuring module, and a tested sample which is placed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
the voltage pulse circuit is configured with a high-voltage direct current power supply and a square wave pulse controller and is used for providing voltage and square wave pulse for measuring space charge and external current of a tested sample;
the signal measurement module is configured with a piezoelectric film sensor, a current test ring electrode, a high-voltage relay and a computer and is used for acquiring space charge and external current measured by a tested sample;
by controlling the space charge measurement time period and the external current measurement time period respectively, space charge measurement-external current measurement time sequence alternating measurement is performed.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the tested component includes an upper electrode, a lower electrode, a tested sample between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, a current measuring ring electrode in the lower electrode, the upper electrode connected to the voltage pulse circuit, and the lower electrode connected to the signal measuring module.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a semiconductive layer is provided between the test sample and the upper electrode; an insulating layer is arranged between the current measuring ring electrode and the lower electrode plate.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the voltage pulse circuit includes a current limiting resistor and an isolation capacitor connected to a high voltage dc power supply, the current limiting resistor and the isolation capacitor being connected to a controlled high voltage pulse generator, the controlled high voltage pulse generator being connected to a square wave pulse controller; the high-voltage direct-current power supply and the controlled high-voltage pulse generator are respectively connected to the semiconductive layer of the upper electrode after passing through the current limiting resistor and the isolation capacitor.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the signal measuring module includes a high voltage relay connected to the current measuring loop electrode, a piezoelectric sensor located at the lower electrode, the high voltage relay being connected to the computer, the piezoelectric sensor being connected to the computer via a signal amplifier.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, an ammeter is connected to the high-voltage relay connection computer circuit; the piezoelectric sensor is connected with an oscilloscope on the circuit through a signal amplifier.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, a matching resistor is provided on the high-voltage relay, which is connected to ground.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the piezoelectric sensor covers PVDF, and the PVDF-covered piezoelectric sensor is fastened to the lower surface of the lower electrode by a pillar.
In another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of the system, comprising:
connecting the direct-current high voltage and high-voltage pulse with the upper electrode through a current-limiting resistor and an isolation capacitor of the voltage pulse circuit respectively;
measuring space charge of a tested sample, controlling high-voltage pulse applied to the tested sample through an upper electrode, and forming a space charge measuring loop through grounding of a lower electrode;
space charge signals in the tested sample enter a signal amplifier through a piezoelectric sensor to be amplified and then are received by an oscilloscope, and the signals are connected to a computer;
measuring the external current of the tested sample, stopping the action of the high-voltage pulse applied to the tested sample, and outputting no signal in the space charge measuring loop; the high-voltage relay is connected with the ammeter, and the external current flowing through the current testing ring electrode branch is collected;
and controlling the space charge measurement time length and the external current measurement time length of the tested sample, measuring the external current after the space charge measurement, and continuously measuring the space charge again, wherein the high-voltage relay realizes the time sequence switching of the space charge measurement circuit and the external current measurement circuit, and thus, the time-sharing cooperative test of the space charge and the external current is realized.
In still another aspect of the present application, a test circuit is provided, the circuit including the space charge and external current cooperative test system of solid-liquid two-phase dielectric.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the application measures the space charge of the tested sample by controlling the high-voltage pulse of the voltage pulse circuit on the tested sample; stopping the high-voltage pulse action applied to the tested sample, and measuring the external current of the tested sample; the time sequence of the space charge measuring circuit and the external current measuring circuit is switched, so that the time-sharing cooperative test of the space charge and the external current is realized. The method realizes low-voltage trigger control of high-voltage pulse output and circuit resistance matching, can prevent the high-voltage pulse from reflecting in a circuit when space charge is measured, and stops the output of the high-voltage pulse when current is measured so as to protect an ammeter and obtain accurate external current.
2. The application realizes the accurate time sequence alternating test of space charge and external current, achieves the cooperative test of space charge and external current, and obtains the accurate waveform of space charge distribution and external current.
3. The application realizes the space charge and external current cooperative test of the solid-liquid two-phase dielectric material.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and constitute a part of this specification, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and do not limit the application in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a space charge and external current cooperative test system for a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a typical waveform of space charge distribution measurement of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric space charge and external current cooperative test system according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a typical external current measurement curve of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric space charge and external current cooperative test system according to the present application.
The device comprises a transmission line impedance matching resistor 100, a high-voltage direct current power supply 101, a current limiting resistor 102, an isolation capacitor 103, a square wave pulse controller 104, a high-voltage pulse generator 105, an upper electrode 106, a lower electrode 107, a current measuring ring electrode 108, an insulating jacket 109, a piezoelectric sensor 110, a piezoelectric sensor shell 111, a signal amplifier 112, a high-voltage relay 113, a matching resistor 114, an ammeter 115, an oscilloscope 116, a semiconductive layer 117 and a tested sample 118.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are provided for illustration of the application and are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in FIG. 1, the space charge and external current cooperative test system of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a tested component, a voltage pulse circuit and a signal measurement module.
The tested component comprises an upper electrode 106 for applying high-voltage direct-current voltage and high-voltage pulse to the tested sample, a lower electrode 107 for measuring space charge and external current of the tested sample, and a tested sample 118 arranged between the upper electrode and the lower electrode.
The voltage pulse circuit comprises a transmission line impedance matching resistor 100, a high-voltage direct current power supply 101, a current limiting resistor 102, an isolation capacitor 103, a high-voltage pulse generator 105 and a square wave pulse controller 104, wherein the current limiting resistor 102 is connected with the high-voltage direct current power supply 101, the upper electrode 106 is connected with the isolation capacitor 103 connected with the high-voltage pulse generator 105, the current limiting resistor is used for preventing a tested sample from being broken down to cause high-voltage direct current to be grounded, and the isolation capacitor is used for preventing high-voltage direct current from acting on the high-voltage pulse generator. The circuits of the high-voltage direct current power supply 101 and the high-voltage pulse generator 105 are respectively connected to the semiconductive layer 117 of the upper electrode 106 after passing through the current limiting resistor 102 and the isolation capacitor 103, and high-voltage direct current voltage and high-voltage pulse are applied to the tested sample through the upper electrode 106. The transmission line impedance matching resistor 100 is connected in parallel to a transmission line connecting the high voltage pulse generator 105 and the isolation capacitor 103.
The low-voltage square wave pulse controller 104 is controlled to trigger the high-voltage pulse generator 105 to generate a high-voltage pulse with a pulse width of about 10ns, so that the square wave pulse control high-voltage pulse function is realized, and the square wave pulse controller 104 is utilized to complete the trigger enabling and pulse frequency control functions of the high-voltage pulse generator 105, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the excitation space charge vibration.
The bottom electrode 107 is of a pan-type structure, the material is aluminum, a solid-liquid two-phase medium to be tested 118 is conveniently placed, an annular groove is formed in the center of the bottom electrode 107, an insulating jacket 109 is placed in the annular groove, a current measuring ring 108 is placed in the insulating jacket 109, a current measuring ring electrode 108 is formed, and the area of the upper electrode 106 is required to cover the outer side of the annular electrode insulating jacket 109, so that a four-electrode structure is formed.
The signal measurement module comprises a high-voltage relay 113, a matching resistor 114, an ammeter 115, a piezoelectric sensor 110, a signal amplifier 112, an oscilloscope 116 and a computer. The high-voltage relay 113 is connected with the current measuring ring electrode 108, the piezoelectric sensor 110 is positioned below the lower electrode 107, the electromagnetic denoising shell 111 is fastened outside the piezoelectric sensor 110, and the piezoelectric sensor is connected with a computer through the signal amplifier 112 and the oscilloscope 116; the high-voltage relay 113 is connected to a computer via an ammeter 115.
Wherein the electro-acoustic pulse piezoelectric sensor 110 uses a beta-PVDF film as an acoustic dielectric medium, the thickness is about 90 μm, the beta-PVDF piezoelectric sensor 110 is fastened to the lower surface of the lower electrode 107 with a cylindrical outer aluminum piezoelectric sensor housing 111, and the PVDF film is covered to achieve an electromagnetic noise removing effect.
The signal amplifier 112 amplifies the signal of the electro-acoustic pulse photoelectric sensor 110 and transmits the amplified signal to the oscilloscope 116, wherein the sampling rate of the oscilloscope is not lower than 2.5GS/s, and the bandwidth is not lower than 200MHz.
Wherein the outer current measuring ring electrode 108 is led out from the lower electrode 107 through a wire having an outer insulation, and is connected to the high voltage relay 113.
The high-voltage relay 113 for selecting the space charge and external current measuring circuit is directed to the matching resistor 114 to form a space charge measuring circuit during space charge measurement, and is directed to the ammeter 115 during external current measurement, so as to realize a circuit selecting function of the space charge and external current cooperative test.
The embodiment of the application provides a space charge and external current cooperative test method of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric sample 118 on the lower electrode 107 plate, and placing a semiconductive layer 117 between the sample 118 and the upper electrode 106;
(2) The high-voltage direct current power supply 101 is connected with the upper electrode 106 through the current limiting resistor 102, and the high-voltage pulse generator 105 is connected with the upper electrode 106 through the isolation capacitor 103;
(3) When the space charge of the sample to be tested 118 is measured, the square wave pulse is utilized to trigger the high-voltage pulse output to realize the output control of the high-voltage pulse, the square wave pulse controller 104 is controlled to trigger the high-voltage pulse generator 105 to act, so that the high-voltage pulse generator 105 is applied to the sample to be tested 118 through the upper electrode 106 and goes into the ground through the lower electrode 107 to form a space charge measuring loop; the space charge signal in the tested sample 118 enters the signal amplifier 112 through the piezoelectric sensor 110, is received by the oscilloscope 116 after being amplified, and is then stored by a computer, meanwhile, the high-voltage relay 113 is connected with the matching resistor 114, so that the high-voltage pulse signal flowing through the loop of the current measuring loop electrode 108 is grounded through the matching resistor 114, and the purpose of protecting the ammeter 115 is achieved;
(4) When the external current of the tested sample 118 is measured, the square wave pulse controller 104 is controlled to stop the action of the high-voltage pulse generator 105, so that the high-voltage pulse generator 105 is prevented from being applied to the tested sample 118 through the upper electrode 106, and no space charge signal is output in the space charge measuring loop; meanwhile, the high-voltage relay 113 is connected with the ammeter 115, so that the external current flowing through the branch of the current measuring ring electrode 108 is collected through the ammeter 115 and stored in a computer;
(5) The space charge measurement duration of the tested sample 118 is set to t1, the external current measurement duration is set to t2, that is, after the space charge measurement of the duration t1, the external current measurement of the duration t2 is performed, then the space charge measurement of the duration t1 is performed, generally, t1 and t2 are set within 2-10 s, and the time sequence switching of the space charge measurement circuit and the external current measurement circuit is realized by using a high-voltage relay, so that the time sharing cooperative test of the space charge and the external current is realized.
According to the space charge and external current cooperative test system of the solid-liquid two-phase dielectric medium, the embodiment of the application also provides a test circuit, which comprises a voltage pulse circuit and a measurement circuit of a signal measurement module, wherein the voltage pulse circuit and the measurement circuit of the signal measurement module are respectively connected with a tested component, and the cooperative test of the space charge and the external current of a tested sample is realized through the voltage pulse circuit and the measurement circuit of the signal measurement module.
To verify the usability and reliability of the test system, space charge and external current tests were performed using 0.2mm oiled paper samples, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are graphs of the space charge and external current waveforms, respectively, measured at a field strength of 10 kV/mm. As can be seen from the figure, the change trend of the space charge in the sample can correspond to the current change trend. The application can solve the problem of the cooperative test of space charge and external current of the solid-liquid two-phase dielectric material. Through research on the relation between space charge and external electricity, the method is helpful for deeper understanding and understanding of the internal charge transport process of different dielectric materials.
The application can realize the following steps:
(1) The low-voltage trigger control of the high-voltage pulse output and the circuit resistance matching can prevent the high-voltage pulse from reflecting in the circuit when the space charge is measured, and stop the output of the high-voltage pulse when the current is measured so as to protect the ammeter and obtain accurate external current;
(2) The space charge and external current accurate time sequence alternating test achieves the cooperative test of the space charge and the external current, and the accurate waveform of the space charge distribution and the external current is obtained.
(3) The space charge and external current cooperative test of the solid-liquid two-phase dielectric material has the characteristics of being measurable in the solid-liquid two-phase dielectric, controllable in high-voltage pulse output, obvious in space charge measurement waveform, high in external current measurement precision and accurate in space charge and external current cooperative measurement time sequence.
The application is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the application, a person skilled in the art may make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features thereof without creative effort according to the technical content disclosed, and all the substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A space charge and external current co-testing system for a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric, comprising:
the tested component is configured with an upper electrode and a lower electrode which are connected with the voltage pulse circuit and the signal measuring module, and a tested sample which is placed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
the voltage pulse circuit is configured with a high-voltage direct current power supply and a square wave pulse controller and is used for providing voltage and square wave pulse for measuring space charge and external current of a tested sample;
the signal measurement module is configured with a piezoelectric film sensor, a current test ring electrode, a high-voltage relay and a computer and is used for acquiring space charge and external current measured by a tested sample;
by controlling the space charge measurement time period and the external current measurement time period respectively, space charge measurement-external current measurement time sequence alternating measurement is performed.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the device comprises an upper electrode, a lower electrode, a sample between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, a current measuring ring electrode in the lower electrode, the upper electrode connected to the voltage pulse circuit, and the lower electrode connected to the signal measuring module.
3. The space charge and external current cooperative test system of solid-liquid two-phase dielectric according to claim 2, wherein a semiconductive layer is arranged between the test sample and the upper electrode; an insulating layer is arranged between the current measuring ring electrode and the lower electrode plate.
4. The space charge and external current cooperative test system of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric medium according to claim 1, wherein the voltage pulse circuit comprises a current limiting resistor and an isolation capacitor which are connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply, the current limiting resistor and the isolation capacitor are connected with a controlled high-voltage pulse generator, and the controlled high-voltage pulse generator is connected with a square wave pulse controller; the high-voltage direct-current power supply and the controlled high-voltage pulse generator are respectively connected to the semiconductive layer of the upper electrode after passing through the current limiting resistor and the isolation capacitor.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal measuring module comprises a high voltage relay connected to the current measuring loop electrode, a piezoelectric transducer at the lower electrode, the high voltage relay connected to the computer, and the piezoelectric transducer connected to the computer via a signal amplifier.
6. The space charge and external current cooperative test system of solid-liquid two-phase dielectric according to claim 5, wherein an ammeter is connected to the high-voltage relay connection circuit; the piezoelectric sensor is connected with an oscilloscope on the circuit through a signal amplifier.
7. The system for collaborative testing of space charge and external current of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric according to claim 5 wherein a matching resistor is provided on the high voltage relay to ground.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the piezoelectric sensor is covered with PVDF and the PVDF covered piezoelectric sensor is fastened to the lower surface of the lower electrode by a pillar.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
connecting the direct-current high voltage and high-voltage pulse with the upper electrode through a current-limiting resistor and an isolation capacitor of the voltage pulse circuit respectively;
controlling high-voltage pulse applied to the tested sample through the upper electrode, and forming a space charge measuring loop through the ground entering of the lower electrode to measure the space charge of the tested sample;
space charge signals in the tested sample enter a signal amplifier through a piezoelectric sensor to be amplified and then are received by an oscilloscope, and the signals are connected to a computer;
stopping the high-voltage pulse action applied to the tested sample, wherein no signal is output in the space charge measuring loop; the high-voltage relay is connected with the ammeter, the external current flowing through the current testing ring electrode branch is collected, and the external current of the tested sample is measured;
and controlling the space charge measurement time length and the external current measurement time length of the tested sample, measuring the external current after the space charge measurement, and continuously measuring the space charge again, wherein the high-voltage relay realizes the time sequence switching of the space charge measurement circuit and the external current measurement circuit, and thus, the time-sharing cooperative test of the space charge and the external current is realized.
10. A test circuit comprising the space charge and external current co-testing system of a solid-liquid two-phase dielectric according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310596211.5A CN116626373A (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Space charge and external current cooperative test system and method for solid-liquid two-phase dielectric |
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| CN202310596211.5A CN116626373A (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Space charge and external current cooperative test system and method for solid-liquid two-phase dielectric |
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