CN116593116A - High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage - Google Patents

High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116593116A
CN116593116A CN202310659130.5A CN202310659130A CN116593116A CN 116593116 A CN116593116 A CN 116593116A CN 202310659130 A CN202310659130 A CN 202310659130A CN 116593116 A CN116593116 A CN 116593116A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pipe body
pipe
hydrogen
lining
driving section
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Pending
Application number
CN202310659130.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
廖振洋
孔荣宗
钟涌
吴里银
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Publication of CN116593116A publication Critical patent/CN116593116A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/02Wind tunnels
    • G01M9/04Details
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic test equipment, and discloses a high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage. The device comprises a driving section and a driven section which are sequentially connected, wherein a diaphragm is arranged at the interface, the front end of the driving section is sealed by an end socket, and the rear end of the driven section is connected with a spray pipe; the driving section is a double-layer pipe body, interference fit is adopted between the pipe body lining and the outer pipe, and a guide channel which is communicated from front to back is arranged on the outer wall of the pipe body lining; the double-layer pipe body is formed by combining a plurality of double-layer pipe body sections which are sequentially connected from front to back, and sealing rings are arranged between the inner liners of the pipe bodies of the double-layer pipe body sections; the seal head is a double-layer seal head, a seal head lining and a seal head body are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and a seal ring is arranged between the seal head lining and the foremost pipe body lining; the driving section and the sealing head are connected with an external high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment through respective perforated connecting pipes. The high-pressure hydrogen driver realizes the non-explosion and leakage, and solves the problem of tube explosion possibly caused by hydrogen-induced damage.

Description

High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic test equipment, and particularly relates to a high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage.
Background
The shock tunnel is a pulse type test device which compresses test gas by shock and then generates hypersonic test air flow by a steady expansion method.
The shock tunnel is usually formed by sequentially connecting a driving section, a driven section, a spray pipe, a test section and the like. The driving section is separated from the driven section, the driven section and the spray pipe by diaphragms respectively, the driving section is filled with high-pressure driving gas, the driven section is filled with test gas with lower pressure, the spray pipe and the test section are vacuumized to simulate an air environment, and the test model is positioned in the test section at the outlet of the spray pipe. And then controlling a diaphragm (a first diaphragm) between the driving section and the driven section to be instantaneously opened to form strong shock waves, compressing low-pressure test gas of the driven section to raise the temperature and raise the pressure, opening a diaphragm (a second diaphragm) between the driven section and the spray pipe by high-temperature high-pressure test gas formed by shock wave compression, and expanding and accelerating the spray pipe to form high Mach number test gas flow.
The shock strength is one of parameters for representing the driving performance of the shock wind tunnel, and the adoption of high-pressure hydrogen as driving gas is an effective means for improving the driving performance of the wind tunnel. The hydrogen can effectively improve the driving performance of the wind tunnel, but the hydrogen is easy to enter the material through adsorption, permeation and diffusion, so that the material performance is reduced, and hydrogen damage (hydrogen embrittlement in a broad sense) such as hydrogen induced plasticity loss, hydrogen induced cracking, hydrogen induced delayed fracture, hydrogen corrosion and the like occurs. The driving section stores high-pressure hydrogen for a long time, and once the pipe body material is damaged by hydrogen, serious accidents such as hydrogen leakage, explosion and the like can be caused.
The conventional method for solving the problem of hydrogen damage of the high-pressure hydrogen driver is to manufacture the pressure-bearing member by adopting a single-layer hydrogen embrittlement-resistant material, but because the low-strength hydrogen-resistant steel is often insufficient in pressure-bearing capacity, the high-strength hydrogen-resistant steel is high in pressure-bearing capacity but high in preparation difficulty, difficult to be used for manufacturing a large-size driver and high in material price; in addition, under the action of high-pressure hydrogen, once the driver pipe body manufactured by the single-layer pipe body has tiny defects, cracks can rapidly develop, and serious safety accidents such as pipe body explosion and the like can be possibly caused. Thus, safety risks have been a key factor in limiting the increase in driving pressure and driving performance of high pressure hydrogen drivers.
Currently, there is a need to develop a high pressure hydrogen driver that reduces the risk of hydrogen damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage, which can be used for manufacturing a large-scale high-pressure hydrogen driving shock tunnel and other equipment using high-pressure hydrogen driving.
The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage comprises a driving section and a driven section which are sequentially connected, wherein the driving section and the driven section are pipe sections; the interface of the driving section and the driven section is provided with a diaphragm, the front end of the driving section is sealed by an end socket, and the rear end of the driven section is connected with a spray pipe; the driving section and the sealing head are also respectively provided with through holes, and each through hole is respectively communicated with an external high-pressure hydrogen source and measuring equipment; the driving section is a double-layer pipe body, interference fit is adopted between the inner lining of the pipe body and the outer pipe, and a guide channel which is communicated from front to back is arranged on the outer wall of the inner lining of the pipe body; the double-layer pipe body is formed by combining a plurality of double-layer pipe body sections which are sequentially connected from front to back, and sealing rings are arranged between the inner liners of the pipe bodies of the double-layer pipe body sections; the through hole on the driving section is inserted into the pipe body perforated connecting pipe, the insertion depth of the pipe body perforated connecting pipe is the same as the thickness of the outer pipe, the inner diameter of the pipe body perforated connecting pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the through hole, and the pipe body perforated connecting pipe is sealed with the inner lining of the pipe body; the pipe body open-pore connecting pipe is connected with an external high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment;
the seal head is a double-layer seal head, and comprises a seal head lining and a seal head body from inside to outside, wherein a seal ring for sealing the seal head lining and the foremost pipe body lining is arranged on the seal head lining; the through hole on the seal head is inserted into the seal head open-pore connecting pipe, the insertion depth of the seal head open-pore connecting pipe is the same as the thickness of the seal head body, the inner diameter of the seal head open-pore connecting pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the through hole, and the seal head open-pore connecting pipe is sealed with the seal head lining; the end socket open-pore connecting pipe is connected with an external high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment.
Further, the outer tube and the seal head body are made of high-strength alloy steel, and the tube body lining and the seal head lining are made of hydrogen-resistant alloy.
Further, the interference fit between the inner lining of the tube body and the outer tube of the driving section is 0.5-2 per mill of interface diameter.
Further, the flow guide channel is in a positive and negative spiral shape, a multi-line spiral line or a single-line spiral line is adopted, and the spiral angle is not more than 30 degrees; the cross section of the flow guide channel is semicircular, rectangular, conical or elliptic, the height of the flow guide channel does not block the flow guide channel after assembly, and the equivalent size of the cross section of the flow guide channel is in the range of 0.1 mm-2 mm.
Further, the pipe body perforated connecting pipe and the end socket perforated connecting pipe are made of hydrogen-resistant alloy and are fixedly connected through threads.
The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage has the following advantages:
a. the main bearing members such as the driving section pipe body and the sealing head adopt a double-layer structure, main seals are arranged on the inner lining of the pipe body, and when the high-pressure hydrogen gas-resistant drive is used, the hydrogen resistance and the bearing pressure are decoupled, the size scale of the high-strength hydrogen-resistant alloy is reduced, the engineering realizability is realized in the manufacture of the large-size high-pressure hydrogen gas-resistant driver, and meanwhile, the construction cost is reduced.
b. The main bearing members such as the driving section pipe body and the sealing head adopt a double-layer structure, a physical interface is formed, internal cracks are expanded to an inner-outer layer interface to automatically stop cracking, meanwhile, high-pressure hydrogen can flow out from through cracks, non-explosion leakage is realized, a precedent machine is provided for fault treatment, serious safety problems such as pipe explosion can be avoided, and the safety of a key bearing equipment body is realized.
c. The interference fit is adopted between the double-layer tube bodies of the driving section tube body, so that the stress level of the lining of the driving section tube body in the use process is reduced, and the risk of hydrogen damage and crack initiation and expansion of the lining material of the driving section tube body are reduced.
d. The guide channels processed on the inner lining and the outer surface of the driving section pipe body enable hydrogen possibly existing between the double-layer pipe bodies to flow out more smoothly, the guide channels adopt a positive and negative multi-line spiral line layout design, leakage flow resistance can be further reduced, channel blockage is prevented, and high-pressure hydrogen is locally accumulated.
The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage disclosed by the invention realizes the unexplosive leakage in design, reduces the risk of hydrogen damage of a pressure-bearing structure, solves the serious safety problems such as tube explosion and the like possibly caused by hydrogen damage, improves the safety and feasibility of hydrogen driving under the conditions of high pressure and ultrahigh pressure, and provides a feasible design scheme for manufacturing the large-size high-pressure hydrogen driver.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the high pressure hydrogen driver with reduced risk of hydrogen damage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow guide groove in a high pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a flow guiding channel layout of a flow guiding groove in a high pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1. End socket; 101. a seal head body; 102. a seal head lining; 2. a driving section pipe body I; 201. an outer tube of the driving section tube body I; 202. a driving section pipe I pipe body lining; 203. a guide channel of the driving section pipe body I; 3. a driving section pipe body II; 301. a driving section pipe body II outer pipe; 302. a driving section pipe II pipe lining; 4. a driving section pipe body N;401. a driving section pipe body N outer pipe; 402. a driving section pipe body N pipe body lining; 5. a membrane; 6. a driven section; 7. the pipe body is provided with a hole for connecting pipes; 8. the end socket is provided with a hole for connecting.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage in the embodiment is composed of a seal head 1, a driving section, a diaphragm 5, a driven section 6, a pipe body open-pore connecting pipe 7 and a seal head open-pore connecting pipe 8; the sealing head 1 and the diaphragm 5 are positioned at two ends of the driving section, the sealing head 1, the driving section and the diaphragm 5 form a closed cavity, the sealing head is connected with a high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment through a pipe body open-pore connecting pipe 7 and a sealing head open-pore connecting pipe 8, and the rear end of the driven section 6 is connected with a spray pipe.
The driving section comprises a driving section pipe body I2, driving section pipe bodies II 3 and … … and a driving section pipe body N4 which are sequentially connected from front to back, and each driving section pipe body is of a double-layer structure. The outer layer of the driving section pipe body I2 is a driving section pipe body I outer pipe 201, and the inner layer is a driving section pipe body I pipe body lining 202; the outer layer of the driving section pipe II 3 is a driving section pipe II outer pipe 301, and the inner layer is a driving section pipe II pipe liner 302; the outer layer of the driving section pipe body N4 is a driving section pipe body N outer pipe 401, and the inner layer is a driving section pipe body N pipe body inner liner 402;
during test, the shock tunnel control system rapidly opens the diaphragm 5, high-pressure driving gas of the driving section enters the driven section 6, low-pressure driven gas in the driven section 6 is driven to form high-temperature high-pressure test gas, and the high-temperature high-pressure test gas is sprayed out of the spray pipe to complete the test.
The components of the high-pressure hydrogen driver of the present embodiment are described in detail below:
the seal head 1 is used for plugging a front end pipe orifice of a driving section, adopts a double-layer structure and comprises a seal head body 101 and a seal head lining 102, wherein the seal head body 101 is made of high-strength alloy steel and is used for bearing the internal pressure of driving gas, and the seal head lining 102 is made of hydrogen-resistant alloy. The sealing ring between the sealing head 1 and the driving section pipe body I pipe body lining 202 is arranged on the sealing head lining 102, and when the sealing head is in normal operation, only the sealing head lining 102 is contacted with high-pressure hydrogen, and the sealing head body 101 is not contacted with the high-pressure hydrogen.
The pipe body of the driving section adopts a double-layer structure, and the sealing rings are arranged on the inner lining of the pipe body of the inner layer of the pipe body of each driving section, so that the outer pipe is prevented from directly contacting hydrogen. Taking the driving section pipe body I2 as an example, the driving section pipe body I outer pipe 201 is made of high-strength alloy steel and mainly plays a role in bearing pressure; the inner liner 202 of the driving section pipe body I is made of hydrogen-resistant alloy and mainly plays roles of hydrogen resistance and hydrogen isolation; the outer tube 201 of the driving section tube body I and the inner tube 202 of the driving section tube body I are assembled in an interference manner, the interference amount is 0.5-2 per mill of the interface diameter, after the interference assembly, the inner tube 202 of the driving section tube body I is precompressed to form a certain compressive stress, and the tensile stress generated by the internal pressure after the high-pressure hydrogen is filled in the working state can be counteracted, so that the stress level of the inner tube 202 of the driving section tube body I is reduced, the hydrogen damage risk of the material of the inner tube 202 of the driving section tube body I is reduced, the crack initiation and expansion speed can be slowed down, and the service time of the inner tube 202 of the driving section tube body I is prolonged; the pipe body of the driving section adopts a double-layer structural design, a physical interface is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer, even if the pipe body lining 202 of the pipe body I of the driving section cracks and rapidly expands in a high-pressure hydrogen environment, when the cracks expand to penetrate to the interface, the cracks automatically stop cracking due to the existence of the physical interface, and high-pressure hydrogen permeates from the penetrating cracks to the interface between the inner layer and the outer layer and flows out of the interface, so that the unexplosive leakage in structural design is realized, and the serious risk of pipe body explosion can be avoided; meanwhile, in order to facilitate the leaked hydrogen to flow out rapidly, the outer surface of the inner liner 202 of the driving section pipe body I is provided with a driving section pipe body I diversion channel 203 in a positive and negative spiral shape, the driving section pipe body I diversion channel 203 preferably adopts a multi-wire spiral line, a single-wire spiral line can also be adopted, the spiral angle is not more than 30 degrees, the driving section pipe body I diversion channel 203 preferably adopts a semicircular section, also can adopt a rectangular, conical, elliptic and other section shapes, the driving section pipe body I diversion channel 203 is high enough not to block the channel after assembly, and the equivalent size range is 0.1 mm-2 mm.
The pipe body perforated connecting pipe 7 is arranged on the driving section, the end socket perforated connecting pipe 8 is arranged on the end socket 1 and used for the work of evacuating, inflating, pressure relief, measurement and the like of the high-pressure hydrogen driver, and the pipe body perforated connecting pipe 7 and the end socket perforated connecting pipe 8 are made of hydrogen-resistant alloy and are fixedly connected through threads;
the sealing washer sets up on head inside lining 102, drive section body I body inside lining 202, drive section body II body inside lining 302, drive section body N body inside lining 402, can avoid high-pressure hydrogen to contact the risk of initiating material hydrogen induced injury through the through-hole with high strength alloy steel manufacturing's head body 101, drive section body I outer tube 201, drive section body II outer tube 301 and drive section body N outer tube 401.
The diaphragm 5 is arranged between the driving section and the driven section 6 and is used for plugging the rear end pipe orifice of the driving section.
The driven section 6 is arranged at the downstream of the driving section and is separated from the driving section by a diaphragm 5, and the inside of the driven section 6 is filled with low-pressure driven gas before the test; during test, the shock tunnel control system rapidly opens the diaphragm 5, high-pressure driving gas enters the driven section 6, and drives low-pressure driven gas in the driven section 6, so that the pressure, temperature and speed of the low-pressure driven gas are greatly increased.
Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in the foregoing description and illustrated in the drawings, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations of features and steps set forth herein, and that all features of the invention disclosed, or steps of the method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner without departing from the principles of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage comprises a driving section and a driven section (6) which are sequentially connected, wherein the driving section and the driven section (6) are pipe sections; the interface of the driving section and the driven section (6) is provided with a membrane (5), the front end of the driving section is sealed by the sealing head (1), and the rear end of the driven section (6) is connected with a spray pipe; the driving section and the sealing head (1) are also respectively provided with through holes, and each through hole is respectively communicated with an external high-pressure hydrogen source and measuring equipment; the driving section is a double-layer pipe body, interference fit is adopted between the inner lining of the pipe body and the outer pipe, and a guide channel which is communicated from front to back is arranged on the outer wall of the inner lining of the pipe body; the double-layer pipe body is formed by combining a plurality of double-layer pipe body sections which are sequentially connected from front to back, and sealing rings are arranged between the inner liners of the pipe bodies of the double-layer pipe body sections; the through hole on the driving section is inserted into the pipe body perforated connecting pipe (7), the insertion depth of the pipe body perforated connecting pipe (7) is the same as the thickness of the outer pipe, the inner diameter of the pipe body perforated connecting pipe (7) is the same as the inner diameter of the through hole, and the pipe body perforated connecting pipe (7) is sealed with the inner lining of the pipe body; the pipe body open pore connecting pipe (7) is connected with an external high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment;
the seal head (1) is a double-layer seal head, a seal head lining (102) and a seal head body (101) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and a seal ring for sealing the seal head lining (102) and the foremost pipe body lining is arranged on the seal head lining (102); the through hole on the seal head (1) is inserted into the seal head open-pore connecting pipe (8), the insertion depth of the seal head open-pore connecting pipe (8) is the same as the thickness of the seal head body (101), the inner diameter of the seal head open-pore connecting pipe (8) is the same as the inner diameter of the through hole, and the seal head open-pore connecting pipe (8) is sealed with the seal head lining (102); the end socket open-pore connecting pipe (8) is connected with an external high-pressure hydrogen source or measuring equipment.
2. The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage according to claim 1, wherein the outer tube and the head body (101) are made of high-strength alloy steel, and the tube lining and the head lining (102) are made of hydrogen-resistant alloy.
3. The high pressure hydrogen gas driver with reduced risk of hydrogen damage according to claim 1, wherein the interference fit between the inner tube lining and the outer tube of the driving section has an interference of 0.5 to 2 per mill interface diameter.
4. The high pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen injury according to claim 1 wherein the flow guide channel is in the shape of a positive and negative spiral, and adopts a multi-wire spiral or a single-wire spiral, and the helix angle is not more than 30 °; the cross section of the flow guide channel is semicircular, rectangular, conical or elliptic, the height of the flow guide channel does not block the flow guide channel after assembly, and the equivalent size of the cross section of the flow guide channel is in the range of 0.1 mm-2 mm.
5. The high-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing the risk of hydrogen damage according to claim 1, wherein the pipe body perforated connecting pipe (7) and the end socket perforated connecting pipe (8) are made of hydrogen-resistant alloy and are fixedly connected through threads.
CN202310659130.5A 2022-10-28 2023-06-06 High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage Pending CN116593116A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211332270.3A CN115683536A (en) 2022-10-28 2022-10-28 High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing hydrogen damage risk
CN2022113322703 2022-10-28

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CN116593116A true CN116593116A (en) 2023-08-15

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CN202211332270.3A Withdrawn CN115683536A (en) 2022-10-28 2022-10-28 High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing hydrogen damage risk
CN202310659130.5A Pending CN116593116A (en) 2022-10-28 2023-06-06 High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing risk of hydrogen damage

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CN202211332270.3A Withdrawn CN115683536A (en) 2022-10-28 2022-10-28 High-pressure hydrogen driver for reducing hydrogen damage risk

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116380367B (en) * 2023-06-06 2023-08-01 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Hydrogen leakage monitoring device and monitoring method for shock tube of high-pressure hydrogen driver

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