CN210033428U

CN210033428U - Hydraulic pressure spalling device

Info

Publication number: CN210033428U
Application number: CN201822053471.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永利
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-12-07
Filing date: 2018-12-07
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-07

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure spalling device, which relates to the hydraulic static rock breaking technical field and is suitable for spalling and decreasing of mineral layers, rocks and concrete bodies in excavation and capital construction engineering, the device comprises a spalling rod and a hydraulic pressure drive control unit, the spalling rod comprises a flat core rubber tube, an elastic tube sleeve and an internal pressure cutter, when in use, the spalling rod is arranged in a drill hole, high pressure liquid is injected, and the dual functions of radial expansion and in-hole pressure cutting can be generated to realize directional spalling; the utility model discloses hydraulic pressure drives accuse unit and presses notes and retrieve pressure liquid with the mode ration of pressure self-adaptation, can avoid the spalling stick impaired because of excessive expansion, has radial expansion and downthehole double fracturing mechanism of pressing and cutting simultaneously, and expands, cuts the mutual promotion of effect for evenly distributed can all obtain make full use of in the ascending pressure energy of all directions, and is lower than the required pressure of simple spalling, and the fracture direction is more controllable, and the fracture face is more regular.

Description

Hydraulic pressure spalling device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a dig and the static broken rock technical field of hydraulic pressure among the capital construction stone side engineering, especially relate to a hydraulic pressure spalling device.

Background

In the operation of mining and foundational quarry, workers often split rock masses or large blocks of rock and concrete. At present, besides the traditional technical means such as explosive blasting, mechanical chipping and cutting, chemical expanding agent bursting and the like, a hydraulic static rock breaking technology is developed in recent years, namely, a bursting device is arranged in a drill hole, and the inner wall of the drill hole is pushed and expanded in a radial direction by being driven by pressure energy generated by hydraulic equipment, so that cracks are generated and expanded, and rocks or concrete bodies are cracked or broken.

The hydraulic static rock breaking method fully utilizes the characteristics that the compressive strength of brittle materials such as rock or concrete is high, the tensile strength is low, and the tensile strength is far smaller than the compressive strength, has the advantages of safe operation, labor saving, high energy consumption efficiency, no pollutant discharge and the like, and still has some defects or shortcomings, such as: the hydraulic splitting machine or hydraulic splitting machine which is widely used adopts a mode that a hydraulic cylinder pushes a steel sliding sleeve wedge or a plunger, an oil cylinder, a piston and a bursting mechanism on the operation tool are integrally installed, the self weight of an operation part is very large and can reach dozens or even hundreds of kilograms, and great effort is required during use.

In several known inventions or inventions, for example: in the hydraulic static blasting expansion pipe with application publication number CN101871752A, the hydraulic fracturing device and method with application publication number CN 105437377A, and the expander and blasting system with authorization publication number CN206803861U, an elastically expandable sealing pipe bag device which can be placed in a drill hole and a corresponding hydraulic pressurization scheme are provided, the bursting technology is feasible and effective, particularly the volume and the weight of an operation device are obviously reduced, so that the operation device is light and easy to use, but still has some defects which can be improved and improved, such as: when the device bears pressure and expands, pressure can be equally released towards the periphery of a drill hole in all directions, stress is not concentrated, cracks appear in random directions, fracture surfaces are not neat, and energy consumption efficiency is not high; moreover, such devices or solutions lack an effective protection mechanism, especially when the rock layer penetrated by the borehole has obvious cracks or is clamped with a soft layer, the expansion pipe can be locally and preferentially expanded at a place with small constraint force, and bulges or even cracks appear; in addition, this kind of device or scheme lack effectual pressure control mechanism, at the spalling in-process, it is not hard up to have ftractureed when the rock, gets into the stone stage of pushing away of expansion crack width, still according to original pressure and flow injection pressure liquid, just very easily causes the device to excessively expand to reduce life-span direct inefficacy even, consequently the utility model provides a hydraulic spalling device is in order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a hydraulic pressure spalling device, the flat core rubber tube that adopts has the characteristics of directional deformation expansion, and has higher withstand voltage upper limit than after becoming round when the tube cavity is flat, fully adapts to the stress characteristic that the resistance is big when the rock spalling does not crack, and the resistance is small in the separation stage after cracking, and is more reasonable than the round core expand tube; the steel elastic pipe sleeve can protect the rubber pipe inside and bear the bursting pressure exceeding the upper limit of the bearing pressure of the rubber pipe, so that stronger bursting force can be provided; meanwhile, the radial expansion and in-hole pressure cutting dual cracking mechanism is provided, and the expansion and cutting actions are mutually promoted, so that the pressure energy uniformly distributed in all directions is fully utilized, the pressure required by the single expansion and cutting is lower, the cracking direction is more controllable, and the cracking surface is more regular.

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a hydraulic pressure spalling device, drive the accuse unit including spalling stick and hydraulic pressure, spalling stick includes flat core rubber tube, elasticity pipe box and interior pressure cutter, the crimping of flat core rubber tube both ends has high-pressure pipe connector, elasticity pipe box is the spring steel pipe that the pipe wall has longitudinal slot, flat core rubber tube is arranged in the elasticity pipe box, elasticity pipe box leans on its own elasticity to cramp the sleeve part of flat core rubber tube and high-pressure pipe connector, interior pressure cutter is rectangular shape, and interior pressure cutter is arranged in flat core rubber tube both sides, when flat core rubber tube expands, interior pressure cutter back of the knife concentrates the extrusion force that it received to the cutting part crush-cut drilling inner wall, cuts out the supplementary crack of guide slot;

the hydraulic drive control unit comprises a pressure cylinder, an energy accumulator, a reversing valve component, a stop valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure gauge, the pressure cylinder is an isolated continuous-action pressure cylinder, the front stage and the rear stage of the pressure cylinder are respectively provided with an input port and an output port, the reversing valve component comprises a trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve, a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve, the trigger type normally closed two-position two-way reversing valve is arranged between the preceding stage input port of the pressure cylinder and the pressure source, the input and output ports of the rear stage of the pressure cylinder are respectively connected to an energy accumulator and a bursting rod through a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are communicated through a hydraulic pipe, the energy accumulator is a leather bag type air energy accumulator, a pressure sensor and an air pressure meter are installed at the air port end, and generated signals are used for monitoring air pressure and controlling the opening and closing of a stop valve between the pressure cylinder and the pressure source.

The further improvement lies in that: the flat core rubber tube comprises a core tube, a reinforcing layer and sheath rubber, wherein the core tube is made by compositely rolling an ultrathin steel strip and a thermoplastic elastomer, the reinforcing layer is wound and woven by synthetic fibers, the core tube and the reinforcing layer are in an extruded flat shape in an original state, and the tube body is in a circular shape by coating the sheath rubber.

The further improvement lies in that: the elastic pipe sleeve at least comprises a steel pipe made of spring steel, and at least one longitudinal slot is arranged on the pipe wall.

The further improvement lies in that: the internal pressure cutting knife comprises a knife body, an arc-shaped elastic steel sheet and a drill bit, wherein the knife body of the internal pressure cutting knife is made of strip steel, the cross section of the internal pressure cutting knife is wedge-shaped, the arc-shaped elastic steel sheet is arranged on the knife back side of the internal pressure cutting knife, a row of tooth-shaped hard alloy drill bits are embedded on the knife edge side at intervals, the internal pressure cutting knife is arranged on two sides of the flat core rubber tube, the knife back side is internally pressed on the sheath rubber and the knife edge is outward, and the drill bit is clamped between longitudinal slots of the.

The further improvement lies in that: the hydraulic drive control unit is provided with a double reversing valve joint control loop for controlling the pressure relief degree of the spalling rod after expansion, and the spalling rod conveys pressure liquid back to the energy accumulator after pressure relief.

The further improvement lies in that: when the air pressure of an energy accumulator leather bag in the hydraulic driving and controlling unit is reduced to a set pressure point, a valve at the front-stage input end of the pressure cylinder is automatically triggered to be closed, and the pressure boosting is stopped.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a hydraulic pressure spalling device to following beneficial has:

(1) the adopted flat core rubber tube has the characteristic of directional deformation expansion, has higher upper limit of pressure resistance than that after rounding when the tube cavity is flat, fully adapts to the stress characteristics of large resistance when the rock is cracked and not cracked and small resistance in the separation stage after cracking, and is more reasonable than that of a round core rubber tube;

(2) the steel elastic pipe sleeve adopted in the device can protect the rubber pipe inside and bear the bursting pressure exceeding the upper limit of the self pressure bearing, thereby providing stronger bursting force;

(3) the device has a radial expansion and in-hole pressure cutting dual cracking mechanism, and the expansion and cutting actions are mutually promoted, so that the pressure energy uniformly distributed in all directions is fully utilized, the pressure required by the device is lower than that required by pure expansion cracking, the cracking direction is more controllable, and the cracking surface is more regular;

(4) the hydraulic drive control unit adopted by the device quantitatively presses and injects and automatically recovers the pressure liquid in a pressure self-adaptive mode, so that the bursting rod can be effectively protected from being damaged due to overload, and the lossless cyclic utilization of the pressure liquid is also ensured;

(5) the device provides power and a control interface, is convenient to install and match on the desk type engineering machinery, and can realize mechanized operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the bursting rod of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the A-A spalling bar of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic driving and controlling unit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spalling bar of the present invention in a natural state;

fig. 5 is the utility model discloses structural schematic under the spalling rod pressure-bearing state.

Wherein: 1-a bursting rod, 2-a hydraulic drive control unit, 11-a flat core rubber tube, 12-an elastic pipe sleeve, 13-an internal pressure cutter, 14-a high-pressure pipe joint, 111-a core tube, 112-a reinforcing layer, 113-sheath rubber, 131-a cutter body, 132-an arc elastic steel sheet, 133-a drill sheet, 21-a pressure cylinder, 22-an energy accumulator, 23-a reversing valve assembly, 231-a triggered normally closed two-position two-way reversing valve, 232-a first reversing valve, 233-a second reversing valve, 24-a stop valve, 25-a pressure sensor, 26-a gas pressure gauge, 8-a drilling hole and 9-a crack guide slot.

Detailed Description

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments will be combined to make the present invention do further details, and the present embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention, and does not constitute the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.

According to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the embodiment provides a hydraulic fracturing device, which includes a fracturing rod 1 and a hydraulic driving and controlling unit 2, where the fracturing rod 1 includes a flat core rubber tube 11, an elastic tube sleeve 12, and an internal pressure cutter 13, two ends of the flat core rubber tube 11 are crimped with high-pressure tube joints, the elastic tube sleeve 12 is a spring steel tube with a longitudinal slit on a tube wall, the flat core rubber tube 11 is disposed in the elastic tube sleeve 12, the elastic tube sleeve 12 hoops the flat core rubber tube 11 and a sleeve part of the high-pressure tube joint 14 by its own elasticity, the internal pressure cutter 13 is in a long strip shape, and the internal pressure cutter 13 is disposed on two sides of the flat core rubber tube 11, and when the flat core rubber tube 11 expands, a cutter back of the internal pressure cutter 13 concentrates an extrusion force applied thereto on an inner wall of a blade part crush-cut hole to cut a crack to assist in fracturing;

the hydraulic drive control unit 2 comprises a pressure cylinder 21, an energy accumulator 22, a reversing valve assembly 23, a stop valve 24, a pressure sensor 25 and a barometer 26, the pressure cylinder 21 is an isolated continuous-action pressure cylinder, the front stage and the rear stage of the pressure cylinder 21 are respectively provided with two input and output ports, the reversing valve assembly 23 comprises a trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231, a first reversing valve 232 and a second reversing valve 233, the trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231 is arranged between the front stage input port and the pressure source of the pressure cylinder 21, the input and output ports of the rear stage of the pressure cylinder 21 are respectively connected to the energy accumulator 22 and one bursting rod 1 through the first reversing valve 232 and the second reversing valve 233, the first reversing valve 232 and the second reversing valve 233 are communicated through a hydraulic pipe, the energy accumulator 22 is a leather bag type air energy accumulator, the pressure sensor 25 and the barometer 26 are installed at the gas port, the generated signals are used for monitoring the air pressure and controlling the opening and closing of a stop valve 24 between the pressure cylinder and the pressure source;

the flat core rubber tube 11 comprises a core tube 111, a reinforcing layer 112 and sheath rubber 113, wherein the core tube 111 is made by compositely rolling an ultrathin steel strip and a thermoplastic elastomer, the reinforcing layer 112 is wound and woven by synthetic fibers, the core tube 111 and the reinforcing layer 112 are in an extruded flat shape in an original state, and a tube body is in a circular shape by coating the sheath rubber 113;

the elastic pipe sleeve 12 at least comprises a steel pipe made of spring steel, and the pipe wall of the steel pipe is at least provided with a longitudinal slot;

the internal pressure cutting knife 13 comprises a knife body 131, an arc-shaped elastic steel sheet 132 and a brazing sheet 133,

the cutter body 131 of the internal pressure cutter 13 is made of strip steel, the cross section of the internal pressure cutter is wedge-shaped, the back side of the internal pressure cutter 13 is provided with an arc-shaped elastic steel sheet 132, the blade side is embedded with a row of tooth-shaped hard alloy brazing sheets 133 at intervals, the internal pressure cutter 13 is arranged at two sides of the flat core rubber tube 11, the back side is internally pressed on the sheath rubber 113 and the blade is outward, and the brazing sheets 133 are clamped between longitudinal slots of the elastic tube sleeve 12.

The directional splitting expansion cracking method of the hydraulic cracking device comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: drilling holes

A plurality of drill holes 8 are formed in the fractured object, and the inner diameter of each drill hole 8 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the spalling rod 1 by 3-5 mm so as to ensure that the spalling rod 1 can be smoothly inserted;

step two: connection of

The hydraulic drive control unit 2 is connected with a pressure source and the spalling rod 1 through a high-pressure hose to ensure sealing without leakage, and sufficient pressure liquid and compressed air are filled into an energy accumulator in advance;

step three: pressure test

Opening a trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231 between a pressure source and a pressure cylinder 21, starting the pressure cylinder 21 to inject pressure liquid into the spalling rod 1 in a no-load manner, carefully observing that when the spalling rod 1 expands to be close to the maximum allowable expansion amount, closing the pressure cylinder 21 in time and keeping the pressure, then opening a stop valve 24, emptying the residual pressure liquid in the energy accumulator 22, relieving the air pressure of the energy accumulator 22 to be slightly lower than the pressure of a trigger point of the trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231 according to an air pressure gauge 26, closing the stop valve 24, converting the states of a first reversing valve 232 and a second reversing valve 233, keeping for ten seconds, relieving pressure and contracting the spalling rod 1 for recovery, and pressing the injected pressure liquid into the energy accumulator 22 through a return pipeline during expansion;

step four: spalling of the pipe

The bursting rod 1 is placed into the drill hole 8, the cutting edges of a pair of internal pressure cutters 13 and an expected bursting surface are kept in the same direction, a trigger type normally closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231 is opened, a booster cylinder 21 is started to inject pressure liquid into the bursting rod 1, an outer layer rubber is extruded by a core pipe 111 in deformation from flat to round, the outer diameter of an elastic pipe sleeve is thickened, the inner wall of the drill hole 8 is pressed and generates continuously increased annular tensile stress, the pushing force applied by the back of the internal pressure cutters 13 is concentrated on the cutting edge of a drill bit 132 to press and cut the inner wall of the drill hole 8, a pilot crack slot 9 is cut, the cutting effect and the expanding effect are mutually promoted, a hole wall crack rapidly grows and expands along the direction of the pilot crack 9 until the hole is completely communicated, at the moment, the booster cylinder 21 continues to work, the crack is widened until the thickening of the bursting rod 1 is close to the maximum limit, and the pressure of an energy accumulator 22 is, the pressure sensor 25 sends a signal to trigger the trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve 231 to close, and the pressure cylinder stops working;

step five: recovering

The first reversing valve 232 and the second reversing valve 233 are controlled to switch states, so that the spalling rod 1 is subjected to pressure relief and recovery, and pressure liquid is recycled into the energy accumulator 22 again to enter next cycle spalling;

the hydraulic drive control unit 2 is provided with a double-reversing valve joint control loop to control the pressure relief degree of the expansion rod 1 after expansion, the expansion rod 1 conveys pressure liquid back to the energy accumulator 22 after pressure relief, when the air pressure of a leather bag of the energy accumulator 22 in the hydraulic drive control unit 2 is reduced to a set pressure point, a valve at the front-stage input end of the pressure cylinder 21 is automatically triggered to be closed to stop pressurization, and the energy accumulator 22 in the hydraulic drive control unit 2 limits the total amount of the pressure liquid which can be injected into the expansion device by the pressure cylinder 21, so that excessive expansion cannot occur.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure spalling device, includes spalling stick (1) and hydraulic pressure drive control unit (2), its characterized in that: the bursting rod (1) comprises a flat core rubber tube (11), an elastic tube sleeve (12) and an internal pressure cutter (13), wherein high-pressure tube joints are arranged at two ends of the flat core rubber tube (11) in a compression joint mode, the elastic tube sleeve (12) is a spring steel tube with a longitudinal slot on the tube wall, the flat core rubber tube (11) is arranged in the elastic tube sleeve (12), the elastic tube sleeve (12) tightly hoops the sleeve parts of the flat core rubber tube (11) and the high-pressure tube joint (14) by means of elasticity of the elastic tube sleeve (12), the internal pressure cutter (13) is long-strip-shaped, the internal pressure cutter (13) is arranged on two sides of the flat core rubber tube (11), and when the flat core rubber tube (11) expands, the back of the internal pressure cutter (13) concentrates the extrusion force applied to the blade part of a pressure cutting drill hole to cut out a crack guide groove;

the hydraulic drive control unit (2) comprises a pressure cylinder (21), an energy accumulator (22), a reversing valve assembly (23), a stop valve (24), a pressure sensor (25) and a barometer (26), wherein the pressure cylinder (21) is an isolated continuous-action pressure cylinder, the front stage and the rear stage of the pressure cylinder (21) are respectively provided with an input port and an output port, the reversing valve assembly (23) comprises a trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve (231), a first reversing valve (232) and a second reversing valve (233), the trigger type normally-closed two-position two-way reversing valve (231) is arranged between the front stage input port of the pressure cylinder (21) and a pressure source, the input port and the output port of the rear stage of the pressure cylinder (21) are respectively connected to the energy accumulator (22) and one expansion rod (1) through the first reversing valve (232) and the second reversing valve (233), and the first reversing valve (232) and the second reversing valve (233) are communicated through hydraulic pipes, the energy accumulator (22) is a leather bag type air energy accumulator, a pressure sensor (25) and an air pressure meter (26) are installed at the air port end, and generated signals are used for monitoring air pressure and controlling the opening and closing of a stop valve (24) between the pressure cylinder and the pressure source.

2. A hydraulic bursting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the flat core rubber tube (11) comprises a core tube (111), a reinforcing layer (112) and sheath rubber (113), wherein the core tube (111) is formed by compositely rolling an ultrathin steel strip and a thermoplastic elastomer, the reinforcing layer (112) is wound and woven by synthetic fibers, the core tube (111) and the reinforcing layer (112) are in an extruded flat shape in an original state, and the tube body is in a circular shape due to the coating of the sheath rubber (113).

3. A hydraulic bursting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the elastic pipe sleeve (12) at least comprises a steel pipe which is made of a material and has the property of spring steel, and the pipe wall is at least provided with a longitudinal slot.

4. A hydraulic bursting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the internal pressure cutting knife (13) comprises a knife body (131), arc-shaped elastic steel sheets (132) and brazing sheets (133), the knife body (131) of the internal pressure cutting knife (13) is made of strip steel, the cross section of the strip steel is wedge-shaped, the arc-shaped elastic steel sheets (132) are arranged on the knife back side of the internal pressure cutting knife (13), a row of brazing sheets (133) made of tooth-shaped hard alloy are embedded on the knife edge side at intervals, the internal pressure cutting knife (13) is arranged on two sides of the flat core rubber tube (11), the knife back side is laterally and internally sunken on the sheath rubber (113) and the knife edge is outward, and the brazing sheets (133) are clamped between longitudinal slits of the elastic tube sleeve (.

5. A hydraulic bursting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the hydraulic drive control unit (2) is provided with a double reversing valve joint control loop to control the pressure relief degree of the spalling rod (1) after expansion, and the spalling rod (1) conveys pressure liquid back to the energy accumulator (22) after pressure relief.

6. A hydraulic bursting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: when the air pressure of a leather bag of an energy accumulator (22) in the hydraulic driving and controlling unit (2) is reduced to a set pressure point, a valve at the front stage input end of the pressure cylinder (21) is automatically triggered to be closed, and the pressure boosting is stopped.