CN116590598A - 一种出口美标ss热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种出口美标ss热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,包括:炼钢生产工艺:铁水→转炉冶炼→LF精炼→VD真空脱气→连铸;钢轨轧制工艺:方坯→加热→BD1轧制→BD2轧制→CCS万能轧机连轧→预弯冷却→矫直。本发明的目的是提供一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,制备具有良好强度和韧性配比及优异的耐磨钢轨,使其可应用高寒地区环境中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域,尤其涉及一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺。
背景技术
我国是世界上重要的钢轨制造和技术先进的国家,每年钢轨出口海外在三十万吨以上。作为铁路用主要材料,钢轨性能指标主要为强度和耐磨硬度。各国采购的标准中也主要规定强度和硬度。美标AREMA作为世界主要的钢轨标准之一,是北美洲、南美洲铁路及东南亚部分国家铁路修建采购钢轨的主要标准。AREMA标准中钢轨成分体系为C-Mn钢,材料碳含量在0.70%以上,通过高的碳含量来达到材料的强度和硬度,满足铁路用的耐磨性和服役性,但技术标准中对材料韧性也提出较高的要求。比如标准强度等级SS钢轨,硬度要求≥310HB,伸长率要求≥10%。相比国内同等级钢轨,钢种严格限制V等提高韧性合金元素加入量,且拉伸试样尺寸要求直径大,影响性能合格率。因此结合线路服役要求和使用寿命,为了保证强度和硬度的同时,需要优化高强钢轨化学成分,合理控制生产过程中工艺,保证高强热轧钢轨硬度和韧性同时符合标准,提高生产钢轨的合格率,对增强企业经济效益和提高技术研究能力具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,制备具有良好强度和韧性配比及优异的耐磨钢轨,使其可应用高寒地区环境中。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,包括:
炼钢生产工艺:铁水→转炉冶炼→LF精炼→VD真空脱气→连铸;转炉冶炼采用无铝脱氧合金化,全过程按精炼正常吹氩;真空度≤0.10KPa,深真空时间≥18min,过热度ΔT≤30℃;连铸坯锯切后缓冷48小时;
钢轨轧制工艺:方坯→加热→BD1轧制→BD2轧制→CCS万能轧机连轧→预弯冷却→矫直;其方坯加热预热段温度不大于900℃;加热时长不小于3小时;出炉温度为不低于1150℃,开轧温度≥1100℃,终轧温度910~940℃;预弯冷却开始温度850℃~900℃,冷却过程中冷床步距不小于580mm;钢轨拉伸检验试样放置24小时以上进行。
进一步的,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.74~0.86%;Si0.35~0.60%;Mn 1.10~1.25%;P≤0.015%;S≤0.015%;Cr 0.20~0.30%,Ni≤0.015%,Mo≤0.06%;其余为Fe,质量分数共计为100%。
进一步的,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.79%;Si 0.55%;Mn1.15%;P 0.012%;S 0.008%;Cr 0.22%,Ni 0.11%,Mo 0.02%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
进一步的,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.80%;Si 0.54%;Mn1.13%;P 0.014%;S 0.006%;Cr 0.23%,Ni 0.12%,Mo 0.03%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
进一步的,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.79%;Si 0.56%;Mn1.15%;P 0.013%;S 0.004%;Cr 0.25%,Ni 0.13%,Mo 0.02%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果:
本发明设计一种出口美标SS高强热轧钢轨的制备工艺,涉及热轧后冷却工艺,通过增加冷却步距,提高和控制各段冷却速度和温度,细化钢轨内部微观组织,提高钢轨强度、硬度的同时保证钢轨通长尺寸性。再通过制定拉伸试样自然时效时间,进一步提高钢轨韧性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
制备钢轨材料的化学成分各实例化学成分如表1所示。
表1各实例成分(质量百分数/%)
钢轨终轧和冷却工艺具体实例如表2所示。
表2钢轨材料冷却工艺实例
钢材试样性能:其中拉伸试样规格为,直径d0=12.5mm,标距Lo=5do。轨头顶面磨去0.5mm,测试点5个,进行布氏硬度测试,计算平均值,试验温度为20℃土5℃,以上试样性能取样方法和位置及尺寸按照AREMA标准,实验结果如表3所示。
表3各实例力学性能
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括:
炼钢生产工艺:铁水→转炉冶炼→LF精炼→VD真空脱气→连铸;转炉冶炼采用无铝脱氧合金化,全过程按精炼正常吹氩;真空度≤0.10KPa,深真空时间≥18min,过热度ΔT≤30℃;连铸坯锯切后缓冷48小时;
钢轨轧制工艺:方坯→加热→BD1轧制→BD2轧制→CCS万能轧机连轧→预弯冷却→矫直;其方坯加热预热段温度不大于900℃;加热时长不小于3小时;出炉温度为不低于1150℃,开轧温度≥1100℃,终轧温度910~940℃;预弯冷却开始温度850℃~900℃,冷却过程中冷床步距不小于580mm;钢轨拉伸检验试样放置24小时以上进行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.74~0.86%;Si 0.35~0.60%;Mn 1.10~1.25%;P≤0.015%;S≤0.015%;Cr 0.20~0.30%,Ni≤0.015%,Mo≤0.06%;其余为Fe,质量分数共计为100%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.79%;Si 0.55%;Mn 1.15%;P 0.012%;S0.008%;Cr 0.22%,Ni 0.11%,Mo 0.02%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.80%;Si 0.54%;Mn 1.13%;P 0.014%;S0.006%;Cr 0.23%,Ni 0.12%,Mo 0.03%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的出口美标SS热轧高强钢轨的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述高强钢轨的质量百分比的化学成分包括:C 0.79%;Si 0.56%;Mn 1.15%;
P 0.013%;S 0.004%;Cr 0.25%,Ni 0.13%,Mo 0.02%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质,质量分数共计为100%。
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CN112410659A (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 轨头硬化层具有均匀硬度梯度的珠光体钢轨及其制备方法 |
CN112410649A (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种珠光体钢轨及其制备方法 |
CN113789473A (zh) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种高速铁路小半径曲线用高强耐磨钢轨及其生产方法 |
CN115921524A (zh) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种出口热轧高强钢轨的生产工艺 |
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CN112410659A (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 轨头硬化层具有均匀硬度梯度的珠光体钢轨及其制备方法 |
CN112410649A (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种珠光体钢轨及其制备方法 |
CN113789473A (zh) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种高速铁路小半径曲线用高强耐磨钢轨及其生产方法 |
CN115921524A (zh) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种出口热轧高强钢轨的生产工艺 |
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