CN116439252A - 杀真菌混合物 - Google Patents
杀真菌混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116439252A CN116439252A CN202310447888.2A CN202310447888A CN116439252A CN 116439252 A CN116439252 A CN 116439252A CN 202310447888 A CN202310447888 A CN 202310447888A CN 116439252 A CN116439252 A CN 116439252A
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- dehydrogenase inhibitor
- succinate dehydrogenase
- folpet
- mixture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
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Abstract
本发明涉及杀真菌混合物,包括a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求于2018年12月31日提交的美国临时专利申请第62/786,591号的优先权,其内容通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域和背景技术
本发明主题涉及杀真菌组合物,其包括a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹(folpet)的组合,以及涉及通过使用所述组合物防治真菌病害的方法。
杀真菌剂是防治病害以及提高作物产量和质量的不可或缺的重要工具。
琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor,SDHI)杀真菌剂在本领域中已知具有广谱活性并且对多种真菌病害具有非常好的功效。
小麦壳针孢斑枯病(Septoria tritici blotch),也称为小麦壳针孢叶斑病或斑点叶斑病,是由真菌禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola)(无性阶段Zymoseptoriatritici,同义词Septoria tritici)引起的。小麦壳针孢斑枯病在残茬上从一个季节存活到下一个季节。在深秋和初冬的雨或大露水之后,风传播的孢子(子囊孢子)从嵌入先前感染植物的残茬中的子实体(子囊壳)中释放出来。可以远距离散播这些孢子。壳针孢(Septoria)对杀真菌剂发展快速耐药性。
灭菌丹是一种来自邻苯二甲酰亚胺化学基的保护性杀真菌剂,具有多位点接触活性。多位点杀真菌剂显示发展耐药性的低风险,并且是中高风险杀真菌剂的有效混合/交替伴侣。为了进一步保护和延长高效的中高耐药性杀真菌剂的使用寿命,多位点杀真菌剂提供了额外的病害防治水平和范围。多位点杀真菌剂被认为是通过防止或延迟许多作物中对许多病原体的耐药性发展来管理耐药性的重要工具。
SDHI杀真菌剂与***类或甲氧基丙烯酸酯类的混合物不足以避免耐药性发展。
随着作物耐受性降低,并且越来越多地观察到耐药性,需要一种杀菌剂的组合,其允许更广泛的病害防治范围并且对真菌的防治具有较低的剂量要求。
鉴于上述,仍然需要表现出协同增强作用、更广泛的活性和降低的处理成本的新型杀真菌组合物。
本发明的一个目的是提供a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的杀真菌混合物,在施用的活性化合物总量减少的情况下,该混合物对有害真菌具有改善的活性,特别是对于某些适应证的有害真菌。与单独使用单个化合物相比,该混合物允许更好地防治有害真菌,从而提供协同混合物。
发明内容
本发明主题涉及一种杀真菌混合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。在一些实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂是氟唑菌酰胺。本发明主题还涉及一种协同杀真菌混合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
本发明主题还涉及一种杀真菌组合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。本发明主题还涉及一种协同杀真菌组合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
本发明主题还涉及一种防治真菌病害的方法,该方法包括向植物所在地施用混合物或组合物,该混合物或组合物包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。在一些实施例中,组合物的混合物可以是协同的。
在一些实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂是氟唑菌酰胺。
具体实施方式
定义
在详细阐述本发明主题之前,提供将在本文中使用的某些术语的定义可能会有所帮助。除非另有定义,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明主题所属领域的技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。
如本文所用,术语“植物”或“作物”包括指整株植物、植物器官(例如叶、茎、细枝、根、树干、大枝、嫩芽、果实等)、植物细胞或植物种子。该术语还包括植物作物,如水果。术语“植物”还可以包括其繁殖材料,其可以包括植物的所有生殖部分,如种子和营养性植物材料(例如插条和块茎),其可用于植物的繁殖。它还可以包括孢子、球茎、鳞茎、根状茎、新芽基生芽、匍匐茎和苞以及植物的其他部分,包括在发芽后或从土壤中出苗后被移植的秧苗和幼苗。
如本文所用,术语“所在地(locus)”包括害虫正在生长或可能生长的栖息地、繁殖地、植物、繁殖材料、土壤、区域、材料或环境。
如本文所用,术语“防治”或“控制”是指预防病害、保护植物免受病害、延迟病害发作、以及对抗或消灭病害。
如本文所用,术语“接触”是指将本发明的化合物和组合物施用于植物、真菌侵染的部位、可能需要保护免受侵染的真菌侵染的潜在部位,或真菌栖息地或潜在栖息地周围的环境。可以通过本发明中描述的方法来施用,例如通过喷涂、浸渍等。
如本文所用,术语“有效量”是指足以防治作物植物上的有害真菌并且不会对处理后的作物植物造成任何显著损害的农用化学组合物或混合物的量。
如本文所用,术语“混合物”或“组合”是指但不限于以任何物理形式例如共混物、溶液、合金等的组合。
如本文所用,术语“栽培植物”包括已通过育种、诱变或基因工程改良的植物。转基因植物是指已通过使用重组DNA技术对其遗传物质进行修饰的植物。通常,一个或多个基因已被整合到此类植物的遗传物质中以改善植物的某些特性。
术语“植物健康”包括与害虫防治无关的各种植物改良。例如,可能提到的有利特性是改善的作物特征,包括:出苗、作物产量、蛋白质含量、油含量、淀粉含量、更发达的根系(改善的根生长)、改善的抗逆性(如抗旱、热、盐、紫外线、水、寒)、减少的乙烯(减少的生产和/或接收抑制)、植株高度增加、更大的叶片、更少的枯死基生叶、更壮的分蘖、更绿的叶色、色素含量、光合活性、更少所需的投入(如肥料或水)、更少所需的种子、更多产的分蘖、更早的开花、谷物早熟、更少的植株倾斜(倒伏)、增加的嫩芽生长、增强的植物活力、增加的植株密度以及早发芽和更好的发芽;或本领域技术人员熟悉的任何其他优点。
如本文所用,短语“农业上可接受的载体”是指本领域已知和接受的用于形成农业用或园艺用组合物的载体。
在整个申请中,各种实施例的描述使用术语“包括”;然而,本领域技术人员将理解,在一些特定情况下,可以替代地使用语言“主要由……组成”或“由……组成”来描述实施例。
除非另有特别说明,本文所用的术语“一”或“一个”包括单数和复数。因此,术语“一”、“一个”或“至少一个”在本申请中可以互换使用。
为了更好地理解本教导的目的并且决不限制本教导的范围,除非另有说明,所有表示数量、百分比或比例的数字以及在说明书和权利要求中使用的其他数值都应理解为在所有情况下都被术语“约”修饰。因此,除非另有说明,在以下说明书和所附权利要求中阐述的数值参数是近似值,其可以随想要得到的期望特性而变化。最起码,每个数值参数至少应该根据报告的有效数字的数量并通过应用普通的舍入技术来解释。就此而言,本文所用的术语“约”具体包括指示值±10%的范围。此外,本文针对相同组分或特性的所有范围的端点均包括端点,可独立组合,并包括所有中间点和范围。
杀真菌混合物
令人惊讶地发现,通过组合具有不同作用机制的杀真菌剂,即抑制线粒体呼吸链复合体II中琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDHI)的杀真菌剂,和诸如灭菌丹的多位点杀真菌剂,从而产生表现出广谱防治和高功效的杀真菌混合物。
在一些实施例中,该组合物提供了比基于其中发现的每种杀真菌剂的活性总和所设想的更高的杀真菌活性。这种组合物允许降低单个杀真菌剂的剂量,该剂量可以损害农业上重要的植物。
因此,当包括作为活性组分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的杀真菌混合物用于真菌防治时,观察到增强的协同杀真菌活性。
在一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂选自苯并烯氟菌唑、联苯吡菌胺、氟唑菌酰胺、呋吡菌胺、吡唑萘菌胺、氟唑菌苯胺、吡噻菌胺、氟茚唑菌胺、氟唑环菌胺、麦锈灵、氟酰胺、灭锈胺、异丙噻菌胺、氟吡菌酰胺、甲呋酰胺、萎锈灵、氧化萎锈灵、噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺和啶酰菌胺。在一个代表性实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂化合物是氟唑菌酰胺。
在一些实施例中,杀真菌混合物包括a)氟唑菌酰胺和b)灭菌丹的组合。
已经发现琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂与灭菌丹的组合产生了令人惊讶和出乎意料的优点。发现琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂与灭菌丹的组合使功效增强并且减少真菌病害发生。还发现将灭菌丹添加到琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂中可延迟耐药性发展。
由于琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹的混合物具有降低耐药性的特性,因此可以在作物季节期间第二次施用琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂,从而提供对抗病害的另一工具。
令人惊讶地发现,当将琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂与灭菌丹混合时,包含灭菌丹不会对伴侣产品的吸收产生不利影响。这可能会导致该领域中功效提高。
一般不能限定琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和灭菌丹之间的重量比,因为它根据各种条件,如制剂类型、天气条件、作物类型和害虫类型而变化。
在一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:100至100:1。在另一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:25至25:1。在又一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:10至10:1。在另一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:2至2:1。在另一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:1。
琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比可以是选自上述比例的中间范围。
在一个实施例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:100至100:1。在另一个实施例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:25至25:1。在又一个实施例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:10至10:1。在另一个实施例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:2至2:1。在具体实施例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:1。在一个示例中,氟唑菌酰胺与灭菌丹的重量比为约1:10至约1:6。
在另一个实施例中,提供了通过向植物所在地施用a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的混合物来防治真菌病害的方法。
例如,提供了通过向植物所在地施用a)氟唑菌酰胺;和b)灭菌丹的混合物来防治真菌病害的方法。
在一个具体实施例中,提供了通过向植物所在地施用a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的协同混合物来防治真菌病害的方法。
例如,提供了通过向植物所在地施用a)氟唑菌酰胺;和b)灭菌丹的协同混合物来防治真菌病害的方法。
施用a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的混合物或相应的制剂,从而以混合物的杀真菌有效量或者在单独施用a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的混合物的情况下,来处理有害真菌、它们的栖息地或植物、种子或土壤。施用可以在有害真菌侵染之前或之后。
在又一个实施例中,植物包括小麦、黑麦、大麦、黑小麦、燕麦、高粱、水稻、玉米、蔬菜(如西红柿、辣椒、葫芦、卷心菜、西兰花、莴苣、菠菜、花椰菜、甜瓜、西瓜、黄瓜、胡萝卜、洋葱和土豆)、烟草、梨果和核果如核桃、猕猴桃、浆果、橄榄、杏仁、菠萝、苹果、梨、李子、桃子和樱桃、葡萄、柑橘类水果(如橙子、柠檬、葡萄柚和酸橙)、甜菜、棉花、大豆、油菜、向日葵、花生、咖啡、豆类和甘蔗。
在另一个实施例中,植物包括由于育种和/或基因工程方法而耐受除草剂、杀真菌剂或杀虫剂作用的栽培植物。
所施用的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的混合物,具有抗广谱植物病原真菌的优异的活性。例如,植物病原真菌可以是以下中的一种或多种:蔬菜、油菜、甜菜和水果和水稻上的链格孢(Alternaria)属属种,例如马铃薯和西红柿上的马铃薯早疫链格孢(Alternaria solani)或烟草赤星病菌(Alternaria alternata);甜菜和蔬菜上的丝囊霉(Aphanomyces)属属种;禾谷类和蔬菜上的壳二胞(Ascochyta)属属种;玉米、禾谷类、水稻和草坪上的平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris)属属种和内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属属种,例如玉米上的玉蜀黍内脐蠕孢(Drechslera maydis);禾谷类上的禾本科布氏白粉菌(Blumeriagraminis)(白粉病);草莓、蔬菜、花卉和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botlytis cinerea)(灰霉病);莴苣上的莴苣盘梗霉(Bremia lactucae);玉米、大豆、水稻、甜菜和咖啡上的尾孢(Cercospora)属属种;玉米、禾谷类、水稻上的旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus)属属种,例如禾谷类上的禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus)、水稻上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolusmiyabeanus);大豆和棉花上的刺盘孢(Colletotricum)属属种;玉米、禾谷类、水稻和草坪上的内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属属种和核腔菌(Pyrenophora)属属种,例如大麦上的大麦网斑内脐蠕孢(Drechslera teres)或小麦上的小麦褐斑内脐蠕孢(Drechslera tritici-repentis);由厚壁顶孢霉(Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporium)、褐枝顶孢霉(Phaeoacremonium Aleophilum)和斑孔木层孔菌(Formitipora punctata)(同义词Pellinus punctatus)引起的葡萄藤上的埃斯卡病(Esca);玉米上的突脐蠕孢(Exserohilum)属属种;黄瓜上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea);各种植物上的镰孢霉(Fusarium)属种和轮枝孢(Verticillium)属属种,例如禾谷类上的禾谷镰孢霉菌(Fusarium graminearum)或黄色镰孢霉菌(Fusarium culmorum)或者多种植物(例如西红柿)上的尖孢镰孢霉菌(Fusariumoxysporum);禾谷类上的禾顶囊壳(Gaeumanomyces graminis);禾谷类和水稻上的赤霉菌(Gibberella)属属种(例如水稻上的藤仓赤霉(Gibberella fujikuroi));水稻上的谷物染色复合物;玉米和水稻上的长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)属属种;咖啡上的咖啡驼孢锈菌(Hemileia vastatrix);禾谷类上的Michrodochium nivale;禾谷类、香蕉和花生上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属属种,例如小麦上的禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola)或香蕉上的斐济球腔菌(Mycosphaerella fijiensis);卷心菜和球根植物上的霜霉(Peronospora)属属种,例如卷心菜上的芸苔霜霉(Peronospora brassicae)或洋葱上的洋葱霜霉(Peronospora destructor);大豆上的豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsara pachyrhizi)和山马磺层锈菌(Phakopsara meibomiae);大豆和向日葵上的拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)属属种;马铃薯和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans);各种植物上的疫霉(Phytophthora)属属种,例如菜椒上的辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora capsici);葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola);苹果上的白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaeraleucotricha);禾谷类上的铺毛拟小尾孢(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides);各种植物上的假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)属属种,例如黄瓜上的古巴假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)或啤酒花上的葎草假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora humili);各种植物上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属属种,例如禾谷类上的小麦隐匿柄锈菌(Pucciniarecondite)、小麦叶锈菌(Puccinia triticina)、条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis)、大麦柄锈菌(Puccinia hordei)、禾柄锈菌(Puccinia graminis)或芦笋上的天冬柄锈菌(Puccinia asparagi);水稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyrlcularia oryzae)、笹木伏革菌(Corticiumsasakii)、稻叶褐鞘腐败病菌(Sarocladium oryzae)、帚梗柱孢(Sarocladiumattenuatum)、稻叶黑粉菌(Entyloma oryzae);草坪和禾谷类上的稻梨孢菌(Pyriculariagrisea);在草坪、水稻、玉米、棉花、油菜、向日葵、甜菜、蔬菜和其他植物上的腐霉(Pythium)属属种,例如各种植物上的终级腐霉(Pythium ultiumum),草坪上的瓜果腐霉(Pythium aphanidermatum);禾谷类、大麦和棉花上的柱隔孢(Ramularia)属属种,例如大麦上的柱隔孢(Ramularia collo-cygni)和棉花上的棉花白霉病菌(Ramularia areola);棉花、水稻、马铃薯、草坪、玉米、油菜、甜菜、蔬菜和各种植物上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属属种,例如,甜菜和各种植物上的立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani);大麦、黑麦和黑小麦上的大麦云纹病菌(Rhynchosporium secalis);油菜和向日葵上的核盘菌(Sclerotinia)属属种;小麦上的小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici)和颖枯壳多孢(Stagonosporanodorum);小麦上的白粉菌(Erysiphe)属属种,例如小麦白粉病菌(Erysiphe graminis);葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Erysiphe necator)(Erysiphe同义词Uncinula);玉米和草坪上的Setospaeria属属种;玉米上的丝轴黑粉菌(Sphacelotheca reilinia);大豆和棉花上的根串珠霉(Thievaliopsis)属属种;禾谷类上的腥黑粉菌(Tilletia)属属种;禾谷类、玉米和甘蔗上的黑粉菌(Ustilago)属属种,例如玉米上的玉蜀黍黑粉菌(Ustilago maydis);苹果和梨上的黑星菌(Venturia)属属种(黑星病),例如苹果上的苹果黑星菌(Venturiainaequalis)。
将本发明组合物施用于植物还可导致作物产量增加。
在一个实施例中,可以在作物周期的早期阶段,例如作物的播种前或播种后施用琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹。在一个具体实施例中,可以在作物周期的早期阶段施用氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹的混合物。可在生长的T1阶段施用氟唑菌酰胺的混合物。早期施用将允许灭菌丹在生长的早期阶段提供早期保护,并且允许SDHI(例如氟唑菌酰胺)提供长期持久的保护功效。
一般不能限定琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹的有效施用率,因为它根据各种条件,例如制剂类型、天气条件、作物类型和害虫类型而变化。
组合物的施用率根据所需的效果可能会有所不同。在一个实施例中,根据所需效果,根据本发明的混合物的施用率为10g/ha至10000g/ha,特别地为50至5000g/ha,更特别地为100至2000g/ha。
相应地,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂的施用率通常为1至1000g/ha,优选地为10至900g/ha,特别地为20至750g/ha。在一个示例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂例如氟唑菌酰胺的施用率可以为20至200g/ha。
相应地,灭菌丹的施用率通常为1至5000g/ha,优选地为10至2500g/ha,特别地为20至1000g/ha。在一个示例中,灭菌丹的施用率可以为500至1000g/ha。
在另一个实施例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹可以同时施用,即共同施用或单独施用,或者在单独施用的情况下连续连续施用。两种化合物共同施用或单独施用一般不会对防治措施的结果产生任何影响。
即,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹中的每一种可以共同施用或连续施用。在一个示例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹分开制备,将单独的制剂按原样施用,或稀释到预定浓度。在另一个示例中,琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹分开制备,当稀释到预定浓度时将制剂混合。在另一个示例中,将琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹一起配制,并将该制剂按原样施用,或将该制剂稀释到预定浓度。
例如,氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹可以同时施用,即共同施用或单独施用,或连续施用,在单独施用的情况下,顺序一般对防治措施的结果没有任何影响。在一个示例中,氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹分开制备,将单独的制剂按原样施用,或稀释到预定浓度。在另一个示例中,氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹分开制备,当稀释到预定浓度时将制剂混合。在另一个示例中,氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹一起配制,并将该制剂按原样施用,或将该制剂稀释到预定浓度。
活性物质的混合物可以以常规方式稀释和施用,例如通过浇水(淋水)、滴灌、喷涂和雾化。
在又一个实施例中,可以以琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹的各种混合物或组合,例如以单一的“即用型(ready-to-use)”形式,或以由单一活性成分的单独制剂组成的组合喷雾混合物,例如“桶混制剂(tank-mix)”形式来施用协同组合物。
在又一个实施例中,该组合物以包括琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹的即用型制剂的形式来施用。该制剂可以通过将杀真菌有效量的两种活性成分与农业上可接受的载体、表面活性剂或制剂技术中通常采用的其他促进施用的助剂结合来获得。
例如,本发明的组合物优选以包括氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹的即用型制剂的形式来施用,可以通过将三种活性成分与农业上可接受的载体、表面活性剂或制剂技术中通常采用的其他促进施用的助剂结合来获得该组合物。
本组合物可以任何常规形式来使用或制备,例如作为可湿性粉剂(WP)、乳液浓缩物(EC)、微乳液浓缩物(MEC)、水溶性粉剂(SP)、水溶性浓缩物(SL)、悬乳剂(SE)、油分散剂(OD)、浓缩乳剂(BW)(如水包油和油包水乳剂)、可喷雾溶液或乳剂、胶囊悬浮剂(CS)、悬浮剂浓缩物(SC)、悬浮剂浓缩物、粉尘(DP)、油溶性溶液(OL)、拌种产品、微粒形式的粒剂(GR)、喷雾粒剂、包衣粒剂和吸收粒剂、用于土壤施用或撒播的粒剂、水溶性粒剂(SG)、水分散粒剂(WDG)、ULV制剂、微胶囊或蜡。这些单独的制剂类型是本领域已知的。
根据一个实施例,该组合物包括至少一种选自表面活性剂、固体稀释剂和液体稀释剂的附加组分。
这种组合物可以使用农业上可接受的载体、表面活性剂或制剂技术和本领域已知的制剂技术中通常采用的其他促进施用的助剂来配制。
可用于本组合物的合适的液体载体的示例包括但不限于水;芳烃,例如烷基苯、烷基萘;醇类,例如环己醇、癸醇;乙二醇;聚丙二醇;一缩二丙二醇;N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;二甲基亚砜;二甲基乙酰胺;N-烷基吡咯烷酮,例如N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮;石蜡;各种油,例如橄榄油、蓖麻油、亚麻籽油、桐油、芝麻油、玉米油、花生油、棉籽油、大豆油、油菜籽油或椰子油;脂肪酸酯;酮类,例如环己酮、2-庚酮、异佛尔酮、4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮;诸如此类。
可用于本发明组合物的合适的固体载体的示例包括但不限于矿物土,例如硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、绢云母、镁质粘土、石灰石、膨润土、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、芒硝、黄土、粘土、白云石、沸石、硅藻土、碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠以及硫酸钠;研磨合成材料;肥料,例如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素和植物来源的产品,如谷物粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉;纤维素粉;和其他固体载体。
合适的表面活性剂的示例包括但不限于非离子、阴离子、阳离子和两性类型,例如烷氧基化脂肪醇、乙氧基化聚山梨醇酯(例如吐温20)、乙氧基化蓖麻油、木质素磺酸盐、脂肪酸磺酸盐(例如月桂基磺酸盐)、磷酸酯(如醇烷氧基化物的磷酸酯、烷基酚烷氧基化物的磷酸酯和苯乙烯基苯酚乙氧基化物的磷酸酯)、磺化萘及萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物、萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物、烷基芳基磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚和芳基酚、聚亚烷基二醇、山梨糖醇酯、碱金属、木质素磺酸钠盐、三苯乙烯基苯酚乙氧基化物磷酸酯、脂肪醇乙氧基化物、烷基酚乙氧基化物、环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、接枝共聚物和聚乙烯醇-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。可以根据需要使用本领域已知的其他表面活性剂。
其他成分,例如润湿剂、消泡剂、粘合剂、中和剂、增稠剂、粘合剂、螯合剂(sequestrates)、肥料、杀生物剂、稳定剂、缓冲液或防冻剂,也可以添加到本组合物中以增加所述组合物的稳定性、密度和粘度。
水性使用形式可以由乳液浓缩物、悬浮液、糊剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂通过加水制备。为了制备乳液、糊剂或油分散剂,可以通过润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将组合物的组分原样或溶解在油或溶剂中的组分在水中均质化。或者,还可以制备包括活性成分、润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及(必要时)适于用水稀释的溶剂或油的浓缩物。
在一个实施例中,组合物中活性成分混合物的量为基于组合物总重量的约0.1%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%、4%、4.5%、5%至约90%、93%、95%、98%、99%。
在另一个实施例中,即用型制剂中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和灭菌丹一起的组合量为基于制剂的总重量的1-95wt.%,特别地为75-95wt.%。
例如,根据本发明的即用型制剂中氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹的组合量为基于制剂的总重量的0.01-95wt.%,特别地为0.1-90wt.%,更特别地1-90wt.%,甚至更特别地为10-90wt.%。
本组合物可包括额外的作物保护剂,例如杀虫剂、除草剂、杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀线虫剂、杀软体动物剂、生长调节剂、生物制剂、肥料或其混合物。然而,为避免疑问,应理解此类额外的作物保护剂对于实现通过本组合物所实现的对真菌病害的期望防治是不必要的。因此,本杀真菌组合物和混合物可限于包含琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂(例如氟唑菌酰胺)和灭菌丹,作为存在的仅有的作物保护剂。
在另一个实施例中,本发明提供包括本文所述的协同杀真菌组合物或其组分的试剂盒。除了上述活性组分之外,此类试剂盒还可在所提供的杀真菌组合物中或单独地包括一种或多种额外的活性成分和/或非活性成分。某些试剂盒包括a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂和b)灭菌丹,各自在单独的容器中,并且各自可选地与载体结合。
如上所述,本文所述的组合物、试剂盒和方法表现出协同效应。每当活性组分组合物的作用大于单独每种组分的作用的总和时,就会存在协同效应。因此,协同有效量(或协同组合或组合物的有效量)是表现出比单独组分的杀真菌活性的总和更大的杀真菌活性的量。
以下示例在本发明的一些实施例中阐明了本发明的实践,但不应被解释为限制本发明的范围。考虑到说明书和示例,其他实施例对于本领域技术人员来说将是显而易见的。包括示例在内的说明书旨在仅被认为是示例性的,而不限制本发明的范围和精神。
示例1
进行实验以评估单独使用脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂(氟唑菌酰胺)和灭菌丹或使用脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂(氟唑菌酰胺)和灭菌丹的二元混合物对冬大麦上的Ramulariacollo-cygni的杀真菌防治。
通过单独施用或一起施用氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹(MCW-296SC)的市售组合物来进行实验。用水将组合物稀释到活性化合物的规定浓度。
评估了以下活性成分及其混合物:
·氟唑菌酰胺90gr(A.I.)/ha
·灭菌丹750gr(A.I.)/ha
·氟唑菌酰胺+灭菌丹90gr(A.I.)/ha+750gr(A.I.)/ha
为了测试对Ramularia collo-cygni的杀真菌防治,用上述每种处理喷洒冬大麦。上述每种处理施用两次,第二次处理发生在第一次处理后的14天。处理由4个重复组成。
在第二次处理后38天和44天进行评估。在这些时候,确定Ramularia collo-cygni的严重程度。在第一次评估时(在第二次处理后38天),冬大麦上的Ramularia collo-cygni感染的严重程度为85.6%。在第二次评估时(在第二次处理后44天),严重程度为100%。
下面的表1总结了在每个评估期的氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹的混合物的计算协同作用(科尔比比率)。
表1:氟唑菌酰胺+灭菌丹的桶混制剂对Ramularia collo-cygni的影响
目测确定的感染叶面积百分比可以转化为未处理对照的功效(%):
功效(E)使用雅培公式计算如下:
E=(1-A/B)·100
A对应于处理后的植物的真菌感染,%,
B对应于未处理的(对照)植物的真菌感染,%。
功效为0意味着处理后的植物的感染水平对应于未处理的对照植物的感染水平;功效为100意味着处理后的植物没有被感染。
每当活性成分组合物的作用大于单独的组分的作用的总和时,就会存在协同效应。
在农业领域,通常理解的是,术语“协同作用”是由Colby S.R.在发表于Weeds杂志,1967,15,p.20-22,题为“除草剂组合物的协同和拮抗反应的计算”的文章中定义的。两种活性组分的给定组合物的预期作用可以计算如下:
其中E代表在确定剂量(例如分别等于x和y)下两种杀真菌剂的组合物的预期杀真菌防治百分比,X是在确定剂量(等于x)下化合物(I)的观察到的杀真菌防治百分比,Y是在确定剂量(等于y)下化合物(II)的观察到的杀真菌防治百分比。当组合物的观察到的杀真菌防治百分比大于预期百分比时,存在协同效应。
上表清楚地表明,根据本发明的活性化合物组合物的观察到的活性大于计算的活性,即存在协同效应。
虽然已经参照本发明的优选实施例表明和描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以对其进行许多替代、修改和变化。因此,其旨在包括落入所附权利要求的精神和广泛范围内的所有此类替代、修改和变化。
本说明书中提及的所有出版物、专利和专利申请均通过引用整体并入本说明书中,其程度就如同每个单独的出版物、专利或专利申请被具体地和单独地指出通过引用并入本文中一样。
此外,本申请的任何优先权文件通过引用整体并入本文。
Claims (34)
1.一种杀真菌混合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂选自苯并烯氟菌唑、联苯吡菌胺、氟唑菌酰胺、呋吡菌胺、吡唑萘菌胺、氟唑菌苯胺、吡噻菌胺、氟茚唑菌胺、氟唑环菌胺、麦锈灵、氟酰胺、灭锈胺、异丙噻菌胺、氟吡菌酰胺、甲呋酰胺、萎锈灵、氧化萎锈灵、噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺和啶酰菌胺。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂是氟唑菌酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为1:100至100:1。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的混合物,其中混合物提供协同效应。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和灭菌丹共同施用或连续施用。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的混合物,其中所述混合物用于提供0.1至100kg/ha的施用率。
8.一种杀真菌组合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于该组合物还包括农业上可接受的载体。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的组合物,还包括至少一种表面活性剂、固体稀释剂、液体稀释剂或其组合。
11.根据权利要求8-10中任一项所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂选自苯并烯氟菌唑、联苯吡菌胺、氟唑菌酰胺、呋吡菌胺、吡唑萘菌胺、氟唑菌苯胺、吡噻菌胺、氟茚唑菌胺、氟唑环菌胺、麦锈灵、氟酰胺、灭锈胺、异丙噻菌胺、氟吡菌酰胺、甲呋酰胺、萎锈灵、氧化萎锈灵、噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺和啶酰菌胺。
12.根据权利要求11所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂是氟唑菌酰胺。
13.根据权利要求8-12中任一项所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为1:100至100:1。
14.根据权利要求8-13中任一项的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和灭菌丹以组合物中所有组分总重量的5%至80%重量的组合量存在。
15.根据权利要求8-14中任一项所述的组合物,其中组合物提供协同效应。
16.根据权利要求8-15中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物用于提供0.1至100kg/ha的施用率。
17.一种协同杀真菌混合物,包括作为活性组分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
18.根据权利要求17所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂选自苯并烯氟菌唑、联苯吡菌胺、氟唑菌酰胺、呋吡菌胺、吡唑萘菌胺、氟唑菌苯胺、吡噻菌胺、氟茚唑菌胺、氟唑环菌胺、麦锈灵、氟酰胺、灭锈胺、异丙噻菌胺、氟吡菌酰胺、甲呋酰胺、萎锈灵、氧化萎锈灵、噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺和啶酰菌胺。
19.根据权利要求18所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂是氟唑菌酰胺。
20.根据权利要求17-19中任一项所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为1:100至100:1。
21.根据权利要求17-20中任一项所述的混合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和灭菌丹共同施用或连续施用。
22.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的混合物,其中所述混合物用于提供0.1至100kg/ha的施用率。
23.一种协同杀真菌组合物,包括作为活性成分的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹。
24.根据权利要求23所述的组合物,其特征在于该组合物还包括农业上可接受的载体。
25.根据权利要求23或24所述的组合物,还包括至少一种表面活性剂、固体稀释剂、液体稀释剂或其组合。
26.根据权利要求23-25中任一项所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂选自苯并烯氟菌唑、联苯吡菌胺、氟唑菌酰胺、呋吡菌胺、吡唑萘菌胺、氟唑菌苯胺、吡噻菌胺、氟茚唑菌胺、氟唑环菌胺、麦锈灵、氟酰胺、灭锈胺、异丙噻菌胺、氟吡菌酰胺、甲呋酰胺、萎锈灵、氧化萎锈灵、噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺和啶酰菌胺。
27.根据权利要求26所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂是氟唑菌酰胺。
28.根据权利要求23-27中任一项所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂与灭菌丹的重量比为1:100至100:1。
29.根据权利要求23-28中任一项所述的组合物,其中琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和灭菌丹以组合物中所有组分总重量的5%至80%重量的组合量存在。
30.根据权利要求23-29中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物用于提供0.1至100kg/ha的施用率。
31.一种防治真菌病害的方法,包括向植物所在地施用权利要求1-7或17-22中任一项所述的混合物或权利要求8-16或23-30中任一项所述的组合物。
32.一种防治真菌病害的方法,包括向植物所在地施用a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂;和b)灭菌丹的混合物。
33.一种防治真菌病害的方法,包括向植物所在地施用协同有效量的a)琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀真菌剂的混合物;和b)灭菌丹的混合物。
34.根据权利要求31-33任一项所述的方法,其中所述混合物或组合物以0.1至100kg/ha的量施用。
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CN105766952A (zh) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 南京华洲药业有限公司 | 一种含氟唑菌酰胺和灭菌丹的杀菌组合物及其应用 |
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EP4356735A2 (en) | 2024-04-24 |
BR112021012823A2 (pt) | 2021-11-03 |
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EP4344546A2 (en) | 2024-04-03 |
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CA3124068A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
MA54642A (fr) | 2022-04-06 |
EP4364568A2 (en) | 2024-05-08 |
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KR20210110857A (ko) | 2021-09-09 |
IL284499A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
EP4364568A3 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
JP2022518129A (ja) | 2022-03-14 |
EP3905883A1 (en) | 2021-11-10 |
EP4356735A3 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
US20220071210A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
CO2021009688A2 (es) | 2021-08-30 |
CL2021001749A1 (es) | 2021-12-10 |
LT3905883T (lt) | 2024-07-10 |
EP4344546A3 (en) | 2024-06-12 |
AU2019418147A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
WO2020141512A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
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