CN116397527A - Construction method of wetland trestle - Google Patents
Construction method of wetland trestle Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a wetland trestle, which comprises the steps of measuring a wetland construction site by adopting an RTK (real time kinematic) or a total station, providing line trend, gradient and road width engineering parameters, measuring a lofting position by utilizing a GPS (global positioning system) according to a setting-out plane positioning map, and driving a wood pile as a mark; building construction of rough stone construction temporary road; and (3) constructing a non-overhead trestle: tamping silt earthwork, and fastening a plurality of layers of cushion layers to form a non-overhead trestle with a symmetrical structure from bottom to top; construction of an overhead trestle: building a double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform and forming an overhead trestle with a multi-layer structure on the bearing platform from bottom to top. According to the construction method, the trestle with different structures is built according to different sludge depths in the wetland, and the rubble construction pavement is built, so that the environment of the wetland is protected, the trestle construction is time-saving and labor-saving, and the engineering quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wetland construction. More particularly, the invention relates to a construction method of a wetland trestle.
Background
Along with the development of the ecological sightseeing industry of tourist culture and leisure in all places, each wetland park carries out landscape improvement and sightseeing transformation, and in order to enable tourists to carry out all-round sightseeing, the construction of trestle lifting park transformation on the wetland park is an exemplary project. However, the existing construction of a wetland park construction trestle suffers from the following problems: the wetland environment is complex, the construction vehicles directly pass through the wetland to and fro to construct and easily cause serious damage to the wetland environment, moreover, the sludge depth of the wetland is different, the trestle formed by the repeated structure causes waste of construction materials, the construction period is prolonged, the trestle which is suitable for the wetland construction and is disclosed in the patent CN217678544U is the trestle formed by the repeated structure, and the trestle part which is close to the edge of the wetland bank and the center of the wetland and has large sludge depth difference adopts the same structure causes waste of the construction materials, and the construction period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the wetland trestle, which is used for constructing trestle with different structures according to different sludge depths in the wetland, and the construction method of the wetland trestle protects the environment of the wetland by building rubble construction channels, saves time and labor during construction of the trestle and improves engineering quality.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a construction method of a wet landing stage, comprising the steps of:
firstly, measuring a wetland construction site by adopting an RTK or a total station, providing line trend, gradient and road width engineering parameters, measuring a lofting position by utilizing a GPS according to a setting-out plane positioning map, and driving a wood pile as a mark;
step two, rough stone construction temporary road building construction;
s1, determining a rough stone construction pavement line, clearing a table, measuring and paying off, and fixing piles along a trestle;
s2, filling rubble: transporting 1.5m thick rubble to a construction pavement, filling in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.5-1.0 m, compacting in layers by adopting a mechanical rolling mode, compacting times are not less than 3 times, and setting 2% of road arch transverse slopes when paving a surface layer;
wherein, the top width of the rubble construction passageway is 8m, the bottom width is 11m, the height is 1.5m, and the two sides are inclined according to the ratio of 1:1.5;
step three, constructing a non-overhead trestle: tamping silt earthwork, and fastening a plurality of layers of cushion layers to form a non-overhead trestle with a symmetrical structure from bottom to top;
fourthly, constructing an overhead trestle: building a double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform and forming an overhead trestle with a multi-layer structure on the bearing platform from bottom to top.
Preferably, the third step specifically includes the following steps:
a1, tamping silt earthwork at symmetrical edges of east-west lands of a wetland construction site, wherein the compactness is more than or equal to 95%, adopting a 150mm thick graded broken stone cushion layer, and making each side wider than a concrete cushion layer by 100mm;
a2, paving a C20 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 120mm on the broken stone cushion layer, wherein each side is wider than the paving width of the skid by 100mm; paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anticorrosion wood cushion layer on the concrete cushion layer, wherein the spacing between the cushion blocks is 500mm, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 100mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the spacing between the keels is 600mm, and laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 30mm on the anticorrosion wood keels to form a multilayer structure;
a3, adopting anti-corrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 120mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by L on two sides of the multilayer structure, arranging water outlets with the thickness of 30mm multiplied by 30mm at intervals, and fixing by using countersunk self-tapping screws, wherein L is the thickness of the multilayer structure.
Preferably, the fourth step specifically includes the following steps:
b1, building a double-Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform at the joint of the non-overhead trestle, wherein the single Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform consists of reinforced concrete columns, steel beams and steel keels, and the concrete grade in the reinforced concrete is C30;
b2, erecting a reinforced concrete casting plate with the thickness of 60mm on the double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform as a base layer of the overhead trestle, wherein two sides of the reinforced concrete casting plate are combined with the trestle bearing platform by adopting a cement paste combining layer;
b3, paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anti-corrosion wood cushion layer on the base layer, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion wood layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 150mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the distance between the keels is 600mm, laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 50mm on the anticorrosion wood keels, and adopting anticorrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 20mm on two sides to form an overhead trestle with a multilayer structure;
and B4, erecting galvanized steel pipe railings on two sides of the overhead trestle, wherein the railings are welded with the U-shaped steel.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mechanical rolling method specifically includes: firstly, adopting a static pressure of a 20t vibratory roller to stabilize pressure, and then carrying out vibratory compaction; wherein, the speed of the vibratory roller is 3-5 km/h, the compaction is carried out from two sides to the middle and from the inner side to the outer side of the curve section, the longitudinal advance and retreat is carried out, the transverse overlapping is 0.4-0.5 m, and the longitudinal overlapping is 1.0-1.5 m.
Preferably, in the step B1, the double-Y-type overhead landing stage platform includes a first Y-type overhead landing stage platform and a second Y-type overhead landing stage platform, a top edge of the first Y-type overhead landing stage platform is connected with the east-shore non-overhead landing stage, and a top edge of the second Y-type overhead landing stage platform is connected with the west-shore non-overhead landing stage.
Preferably, the reinforced concrete column has a length of 2500mm and a width of 1000mm.
Preferably, in the step B4, the galvanized steel pipe rail has dimensions of 70mm×50mm×5mm.
Preferably, in the step B4, the U-shaped steel is located at two sides of the overhead trestle, and is connected with the overhead trestle through an embedded part, the railing is sprayed with grey fluorocarbon, the special-shaped wood is used as the handrail, and the surface of the handrail is painted with varnish.
Preferably, in the step B3, the anti-corrosion wood sealing plate with a thickness of 20mm is further provided with the following steps: the water outlets are arranged at intervals of 30 multiplied by 30mm, and are fixed by countersunk self-tapping screws.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the first and second construction methods of the wetland trestle, the non-overhead trestle and the overhead trestle are respectively built through the difference of sludge depths near the bank edge and the center of the wetland, so that the construction method is reasonable in layout, construction materials are saved, and construction period is shortened.
According to the construction method of the wetland trestle, according to the complex environment of the wetland, the rubble construction channel is built beside the building trestle, so that serious damage to the wetland environment caused by the fact that construction vehicles directly pass back and forth on the wetland in the trestle construction process is avoided, and the problem of later-stage wetland environment recovery is solved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the wetland trestle of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a rubble-constructed pavement according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the overhead trestle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.
The experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise indicated, and the reagents and materials are commercially available.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the azimuth or the positional relationship shown, which are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in FIG 1, the invention provides a construction method of a wetland trestle, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, measuring a wetland construction site by adopting an RTK or a total station, providing line trend, gradient and road width engineering parameters, measuring a lofting position by utilizing a GPS according to a setting-out plane positioning map, and driving a wood pile as a mark;
step two, rough stone construction temporary road building construction;
s1, determining a rough stone construction pavement line, clearing a table, measuring and paying off, and fixing piles along a trestle;
s2, filling rubble: transporting 1.5m thick rubble to a construction pavement, filling in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.5-1.0 m, compacting in layers by adopting a mechanical rolling mode, compacting times are not less than 3 times, and setting 2% of road arch transverse slopes when paving a surface layer;
wherein, the top width of the rubble construction passageway is 8m, the bottom width is 11m, the height is 1.5m, and the two sides are inclined according to the ratio of 1:1.5;
step three, constructing a non-overhead trestle: tamping silt earthwork, and fastening a plurality of layers of cushion layers to form a non-overhead trestle with a symmetrical structure from bottom to top;
fourthly, constructing an overhead trestle: building a double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform and forming an overhead trestle with a multi-layer structure on the bearing platform from bottom to top.
In the invention, in order not to damage the special environment of the wetland and facilitate the installation of the cast-in-place piles, the bearing platforms, the upright posts and the railings of the trestle, a rubble construction channel with a top width of 8m, a bottom width of 11m and a height of 1.5m and a slope of 1:1.5 on two sides is temporarily newly built on the left side along the trestle, and the structure of the rubble construction channel is shown in figure 2. The non-overhead trestle is built in the wetland close to the shore with shallow sludge depth, and the overhead trestle is built in the center of the wetland with deeper sludge depth, so that the construction method is reasonable in layout, the aesthetic feeling of sightseeing is brought by the construction of the non-repeated structural units, more importantly, construction materials are saved, and the construction period is shortened.
In one of the technical solutions of the present invention, preferably, the third step specifically includes the following steps:
a1, tamping silt earthwork at symmetrical edges of east-west lands of a wetland construction site, wherein the compactness is more than or equal to 95%, adopting a 150mm thick graded broken stone cushion layer, and making each side wider than a concrete cushion layer by 100mm;
a2, paving a C20 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 120mm on the broken stone cushion layer, wherein each side is wider than the paving width of the skid by 100mm; paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anticorrosion wood cushion layer on the concrete cushion layer, wherein the spacing between the cushion blocks is 500mm, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 100mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the spacing between the keels is 600mm, and laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 30mm on the anticorrosion wood keels to form a multilayer structure;
a3, adopting anti-corrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 120mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by L on two sides of the multilayer structure, arranging water outlets with the thickness of 30mm multiplied by 30mm at intervals, and fixing by using countersunk self-tapping screws, wherein L is the thickness of the multilayer structure.
According to the invention, the non-overhead trestle is built in the wetland with shallow sludge depth and close to the shore, so that the construction method is reasonable in layout, the material investment for trestle construction is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. After the silt earthwork is tamped, a broken stone cushion layer is adopted, circulation of water in the wetland is facilitated through gaps between broken stones, upward infiltration of the broken stone cushion layer into a wooden layer trestle is avoided, the trestle quality and the service life are influenced, a concrete cushion layer is further paved on the broken stone cushion layer, the height of a waterproof layer is improved, upward water infiltration capacity is reduced, a corrosion-resistant wooden cushion layer and a corrosion-resistant wooden keel are further paved on the concrete cushion layer, corrosion of water in the wetland can be prevented, the paved wooden trestle surface brings aesthetic feeling of view, and the wooden trestle surface is integrated with wetland vegetation, so that beautiful reconstruction of the wetland landscape is realized.
In one of the technical solutions of the present invention, preferably, the fourth step specifically includes the following steps:
b1, building a double-Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform at the joint of the non-overhead trestle, wherein the single Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform consists of reinforced concrete columns, steel beams and steel keels, and the concrete grade in the reinforced concrete is C30;
b2, erecting a reinforced concrete casting plate with the thickness of 60mm on the double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform as a base layer of the overhead trestle, wherein two sides of the reinforced concrete casting plate are combined with the trestle bearing platform by adopting a cement paste combining layer;
b3, paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anti-corrosion wood cushion layer on the base layer, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion wood layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 150mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the distance between the keels is 600mm, laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 50mm on the anticorrosion wood keels, and adopting anticorrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 20mm on two sides to form an overhead trestle with a multilayer structure;
and B4, erecting galvanized steel pipe railings on two sides of the overhead trestle, wherein the railings are welded with the U-shaped steel.
The schematic diagram of the overhead trestle is shown in fig. 3.
The invention has reasonable layout in the central building overhead trestle of the wetland with deeper sludge depth, not only brings the aesthetic feeling of sightseeing through the construction of the non-repeated structural units, but also saves construction materials and construction period; through setting up two Y type overhead trestle cushion tables, improved the area of contact with the trestle that sets up on it, promoted the holding power to the trestle, promoted the life of trestle, through reinforced concrete casting plate as the basic unit of overhead trestle, its wet face towards the wetland, avoided wooden trestle to absorb moisture, influence the quality and the life of wooden trestle, the anticorrosive wooden bed course of preventing, anticorrosive wooden fossil fragments and the anticorrosive wooden surface layer of maroon of mating formation in proper order from bottom to top on the basic unit, brought the aesthetic feeling of sightseeing, it is integrated with wetland vegetation, realized the beautiful transformation of wetland view.
In one aspect of the present invention, preferably, in step S2, the mechanical rolling method specifically includes: firstly, adopting a static pressure of a 20t vibratory roller to stabilize pressure, and then carrying out vibratory compaction; wherein, the speed of the vibratory roller is 3-5 km/h, the compaction is carried out from two sides to the middle and from the inner side to the outer side of the curve section, the longitudinal advance and retreat is carried out, the transverse overlapping is 0.4-0.5 m, and the longitudinal overlapping is 1.0-1.5 m.
Firstly, adopting a 20t vibratory roller static pressure to stabilize pressure, then carrying out vibration compaction to ensure the surface evenness of filled soil, carrying out the compaction from two sides to the middle and from the inner side to the outer side of a curve section in a longitudinal advance and retreat manner, transversely overlapping by 0.4-0.5 m and longitudinally overlapping by 1.0-1.5 m to ensure that the compaction is free from pressure leakage and dead angles, ensuring uniform compaction, taking into account that silt in individual sections is too deep, reinforcing the soil by adopting building materials (thickness field actual visa) with good thickening and paving water permeability, and ensuring that the road surface is free from water accumulation so as to ensure the requirements of mechanical excavation and vehicle outward transportation and passing.
In one of the technical solutions of the invention, the reinforced concrete columns preferably have dimensions of 2500mm long and 1000mm wide. Because the sludge depth in the center of the wetland is deeper, the length and the width of reinforced concrete are improved, and the stability and the safety of the trestle are further improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the step B4, the galvanized steel pipe rail has a size of 70mm×50mm×5mm. The rail is arranged according to the mechanism size of the trestle, so that sightseeing personnel can lean against and support, and the safety of the sightseeing personnel is ensured.
In one of the technical schemes of the invention, in the step B4, the U-shaped steel is positioned at two sides of the overhead trestle and is connected with the overhead trestle through the embedded part, the railing is sprayed by gray fluorocarbon, the special-shaped wood is used as the handrail, and the surface of the railing is painted with varnish. The U-shaped steel is arranged on two sides of the trestle and connected with the overhead trestle through the embedded part, and the railing is further fixedly connected with the U-shaped steel, so that the stability and safety of the railing are improved.
In one of the technical solutions of the present invention, preferably, in the step B3, the anti-corrosion wood sealing plate with a thickness of 20mm is further provided with the steps of: the water outlets are arranged at intervals of 30 multiplied by 30mm, and are fixed by countersunk self-tapping screws. Through a plurality of outlet that set up, avoid because the wetland surface of water that precipitation increases and lead to increases and submerge the landing stage, make the surface of water that rises in time discharge through the outlet, reduce long-time ponding to the corruption of wooden landing stage, influence the quality and the life of landing stage.
In order to enable the technical scheme of the invention to be better understood by the person skilled in the art, the following examples are provided for illustration by taking the soil park trestle of the Xiaofu river culture leisure ecological viewing zone Liu Quan in Zichuan area of Zibo City, shandong as an example:
liu Quan the wetland park trestle is 8m long, and 2m near the two sides of the wetland bank is used for building a non-overhead wooden trestle, and 4 m in the region with deeper sludge depth in the middle of the wetland is used for building an overhead wooden trestle. The concrete construction steps are as follows:
firstly, measuring a wetland construction site by adopting an RTK or a total station, providing line trend, gradient and road width engineering parameters, measuring a lofting position by utilizing a GPS according to a setting-out plane positioning map, and driving a wood pile as a mark; according to the conditions of the excavation width and the embedding depth of the foundation trench, calculating an opening line of the foundation trench by taking the slope releasing coefficient of the trench into consideration, and scattering white ash out of the excavation edge line of the foundation trench;
step two, rough stone construction temporary road building construction; the construction process is as follows: preparing construction, determining a channel line, clearing a meter, measuring and paying off, fixing piles and filling rubble; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a rough stone construction pavement line, clearing a table, measuring and paying off, and fixing piles along a trestle;
s2, filling 1.5m thick rubble after surface cleaning, purchasing the filled rubble from Boshan, transporting the rubble to a gallery road construction channel by a transport vehicle for unloading, adopting a bulldozer to push materials, a loader to match with the stone for loading, adopting an excavator to level and repair slopes, filling in layers, carrying out layered compaction in a mechanical rolling way, wherein the compaction times are not less than 3 times, and setting 2% of road arch transverse slopes during pavement of a surface layer;
the mechanical rolling requirements are as follows: the static pressure of the 20t vibratory roller is used for stabilizing the pressure for the first time, and then vibration compaction is carried out, wherein the specific requirements are as follows: 1) The straight line segment and the large radius curve segment should be pressed with the edge first and then the middle; the small radius curve segment has larger superhigh intensity, and the rolling sequence is low (inner side) and high (outer side). 2) The overlapping wheel width of the rolling wheel of the road roller is 1/3-1/2; 3) Compaction is carried out by adopting a vibratory roller. During rolling, the vibration static pressure is not started first to ensure the surface evenness of the filled soil, and then the vibration is performed slowly and then quickly from weak vibration to strong vibration. The straight line section road roller is longitudinally advanced and retreated from two sides to the middle and from the inner side to the outer side when rolling. The transverse overlapping is 0.4-0.5 m, and the longitudinal overlapping is 1.0-1.5 m, so that the rolling machine has no pressure leakage and dead angle, and ensures even rolling; 4) The running speed of the road roller is too slow to influence the productivity, and the contact time of the road roller to soil is too short if the running speed is too fast, so that the compaction effect is poor; the optimal speed of a general smooth wheel static pressure road roller is 2-4 km/h, and the optimal speed of a vibratory road roller is 3-5 km/h; so the maximum speed of various road roller machines should not exceed 4 km/h;
wherein, the top width of the rubble construction passageway is 8m, the bottom width is 11m, the height is 1.5m, and the two sides are inclined according to the ratio of 1:1.5; the structure is shown in fig. 2;
step three, constructing a non-overhead trestle: the construction process comprises the following steps: leveling of a site, measurement lofting, foundation ditch excavation and earthwork transportation, base trimming and tamping, 150mm thick graded broken stone bedding, 120mm thick C20 concrete bedding template installation, concrete bedding pouring, anti-corrosion wood paving, earthwork backfilling and residual soil discarding, and specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, tamping silt earthwork at symmetrical edges of east-west lands at a wetland construction site, leveling the site, ensuring that the compactness is greater than or equal to 95%, measuring and discharging positions of a wooden trestle and a wooden platform column by using a GPS (global positioning system), driving a wooden pile as a mark (the curve section can be properly encrypted), making obvious marked marks, calculating a foundation trench opening line according to the condition of the foundation trench excavation width and the embedded depth, taking the trench slope coefficient into consideration, scattering foundation trench excavation edge lines by lime, excavating by an excavator, manually matching with a mechanical construction mode, constructing the geometric dimension and the shape embedded depth of a foundation according to the design requirement, constructing the excavation by adopting a construction sequence of layered excavation from top to bottom, and in order not to destroy an original soil structure, finishing and tamping the foundation by adopting an 18t road roller after the foundation trench excavation is finished, wherein the maximum speed of the quick compaction road roller is not more than 4km after the foundation trench excavation is not suitable. The rolling is carried out from the edge of the foundation trench to the center, the compaction is carried out when the water content of the soil is close to +/-2% of the optimal water content, the surface of the formed foundation trench has no obvious phenomena of track, slurry, peeling, wave and the like, the foundation is subjected to foundation bearing capacity detection after the foundation treatment is finished, and when the bearing capacity is more than or equal to 130kPa, the design requirement is met; adopting a graded broken stone cushion layer with the thickness of 150mm, and making each side wider than the concrete cushion layer by 100mm; the broken stone is hard, organic sundries such as grass roots, leaves, plastic bags and the like and garbage cannot be contained in the broken stone, a mark for controlling the paving thickness is arranged, a horizontal elevation control wooden pile is nailed at the edge of a foundation pit, and a loader is used for being matched with a small tricycle to be transported to each construction point. The broken stone cushion layer is evenly paved by adopting manual flattening and is compacted tightly. Presetting a height control pile, controlling the paving thickness of a broken stone cushion layer, and leveling according to a designed elevation when broken stones are paved; tamping is not needed to be leaked in real time, and the frog tamper is applied to the edges and corners for tamping compaction;
a2, paving a C20 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 120mm on the crushed stone cushion layer, wherein each side is wider than the paving width of the cushion wood by 100mm, pouring the cushion layer through a cushion layer template, adopting a wood form for the concrete template, and driving a single reinforcing steel bar with the diameter phi 25 of 0.5m into a base layer for fixing the outside of the wood form, wherein one reinforcing steel bar is arranged every 2 m. The height of the template is the same as the thickness of the concrete cushion layer, the top surface of the template is flush with the top surface of the concrete slab and is consistent with the design elevation, the bottom surface of the template is clung to the top surface of the base layer, C20 concrete is continuously poured on the template, and after the concrete pouring is finished, the surface of the concrete is scraped evenly in time, and the surface bleeding is cleaned. Compacting after the concrete receives water, receiving light, masking and curing after initial setting, masking within 12 hours, and watering and curing. At normal temperature, the concrete is covered, watered and maintained, so that the concrete surface is in a wet state, and watering is not needed when the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, so that the concrete is prevented from being frozen, and the mold can be removed after the concrete is poured for 24 hours. The form removal should be careful, not to damage the edges and corners of the concrete slab, and keep the form as intact as possible. After the formwork is removed, only when the strength of the concrete slab reaches more than 80% of the design strength, the tread is allowed;
a3, wood keel installation: (1) positioning: and (5) carrying out centering, square sleeving, dividing and positioning elastic wires according to the plane size of the foundation surface layer to form a positioning square grid. The foundation for installing the fixed keel is required to be polished horizontally, so that the height of the whole horizontal plane after installation is consistent; (2) anti-corrosion wood joist installation: placing an anti-corrosion wood cushion block below a keel according to a popped positioning line, placing the keel on the cushion block, fixing the keel through angle steel, wherein the angle steel is L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, the distance between the left side and the right side of the keel is 600mm, the angle steel is fixed on a concrete foundation by phi 6 expansion bolts, the distance between the angle steel is 60cm, when the keel level is adjusted, the bolts are not fixed, so that the position of the keel is adjusted at any time, and after the keel is adjusted without errors, the bolts are fixed; (3) Fixing the initial plate on the square steel keel by using a countersunk self-tapping screw; fixing the second wood board on the square steel keel by using a countersunk self-tapping screw, wherein the distance between the two bamboo boards is 5mm, and so on; paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anticorrosion wood cushion layer on the concrete cushion layer, wherein the spacing between the cushion wood blocks is 500mm, and paving a 30mm thick chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer on the anticorrosion wood keel to form a multilayer structure; the two sides of the multilayer structure are provided with 120mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by L thick anti-corrosion wood sealing plates, water outlets of 30mm multiplied by 30mm are arranged at intervals, and the anti-corrosion wood sealing plates are fixed by countersunk self-tapping screws, wherein L is the thickness of the multilayer structure.
A4, backfilling earthwork and discarding residual soil: backfilling a foundation pit after the concrete curing of the wood trestle and the platform plate is completed, removing silt and water accumulated in a sundry pit, pumping out, backfilling with plain soil, digging soil for the foundation pit with soil materials, manually filling layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm, tamping by using a hand-type vibrating tamper, and tamping by using a filling machine, wherein the phenomena of slurry and spring soil cannot be generated, and the filled soil cannot contain silt, humus, organic substances and the like;
fourthly, constructing an overhead trestle: the construction process comprises the following steps: leveling a site, measuring and lofting, constructing a bored pile, installing a C15 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100mm, installing a C30 concrete foundation template with the thickness of 500mm, pouring the concrete cushion layer, erecting a scaffold, manufacturing a reinforced concrete column, manufacturing a plate steel bar, installing the reinforced concrete column, manufacturing the plate template, installing (installing an embedded part), pouring concrete, curing concrete, dismantling the scaffold, backfilling earthwork, discarding residual soil, manufacturing a steel beam, installing, paving anti-corrosion wood and installing a railing; (wherein, the construction process of the wood platform site leveling, measuring and lofting, foundation pit excavation, foundation base trimming and tamping, broken stone cushion layer, concrete cushion layer template installation and concrete cushion layer pouring is the same as that of the non-overhead wood trestle road construction process)
B1, leveling the site, measuring and lofting and constructing in a non-overhead trestle, wherein the bored pile is constructed by adopting a rotary-digging, boring and pouring pore-forming mode (the characteristics are that the concrete fluidity is good, the friction coefficient is low, stones can suspend in the concrete and do not sink, segregation is not generated, a reinforcement cage is easy to put in, the pile tip has no virtual soil, construction common problems such as pile breakage, diameter shrinkage, hole collapse and the like are prevented, the construction quality is easy to be ensured, the capability of penetrating hard soil layers is strong, the pore-forming and pile forming machine is completed once, the operation is simple and convenient, the noise and vibration are low, the disturbance is avoided, the influence of groundwater water level and the soil compaction are avoided, the environmental influence is small, the construction site requirement is low, the resource is saved, the pile forming speed is high, and the construction efficiency is high); building a double-Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform at the joint of the non-overhead trestle, wherein the single Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform consists of reinforced concrete columns, steel beams and steel keels, and the concrete grade in the reinforced concrete is C30; the double-Y-shaped overhead landing stage platform comprises a first Y-shaped overhead landing stage platform and a second Y-shaped overhead landing stage platform, the top edge of the first Y-shaped overhead landing stage platform is connected with the east-shore non-overhead landing stage, and the top edge of the second Y-shaped overhead landing stage platform is connected with the west-shore non-overhead landing stage; the size of the reinforced concrete upright post is 2500mm long and 1000mm wide;
b2, erecting a reinforced concrete casting plate with the thickness of 60mm on the double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform as a base layer of the overhead trestle, wherein two sides of the reinforced concrete casting plate are combined with the trestle bearing platform by adopting a cement paste combining layer; wherein the performance index of the slurry is shown in the following table 1;
b3, paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anti-corrosion wood cushion layer on the base layer, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion wood layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; paving anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 150mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the distance between the keels is 600mm, paving a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 50mm on the anticorrosion wood keels, adopting anticorrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 20mm on two sides, and arranging water outlets with the distance of 30mm multiplied by 30mm at intervals, and fixing the anticorrosion wood keels by using countersunk self-tapping screws to form an overhead trestle with a multilayer structure (the concrete construction process is the same as that of a non-overhead trestle);
b4, erecting galvanized steel pipe railings on two sides of the overhead trestle, wherein the railings are welded with the U-shaped steel; the galvanized steel pipe railing is 70mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 5mm in size, the U-shaped steel is located on two sides of an overhead trestle and connected with the overhead trestle through embedded parts, the railing is sprayed by grey fluorocarbon, special-shaped wood is used as a handrail, and varnish is brushed on the surface of the railing.
TABLE 1 Performance index of mud
The construction method of the wetland trestle of the invention has good effect in the application of the wetland park trestle Liu Quan of the culture leisure ecological sightseeing band of the Zichuan river in Zichuan area of Zibo in Shandong province. By adopting the construction method, compared with the whole-course building overhead wooden trestle, the construction method saves the use amount of construction materials and the labor input amount, saves the cost by about 20 ten thousand yuan, and saves the construction period by 2 months. The recovery cost of 30 ten thousand yuan after the damage to the wetland environment is saved.
The number of modules and the scale of processing described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention is suited, and further modifications may be readily made by one skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not to be limited to the particular details and examples shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The construction method of the wetland trestle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, measuring a wetland construction site by adopting an RTK or a total station, providing line trend, gradient and road width engineering parameters, measuring a lofting position by utilizing a GPS according to a setting-out plane positioning map, and driving a wood pile as a mark;
step two, rough stone construction temporary road building construction;
s1, determining a rough stone construction pavement line, clearing a table, measuring and paying off, and fixing piles along a trestle;
s2, filling rubble: transporting 1.5m thick rubble to a construction pavement, filling in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.5-1.0 m, compacting in layers by adopting a mechanical rolling mode, compacting times are not less than 3 times, and setting 2% of road arch transverse slopes when paving a surface layer;
wherein, the top width of the rubble construction passageway is 8m, the bottom width is 11m, the height is 1.5m, and the slopes are arranged at the two sides according to the ratio of 1:1.5;
step three, constructing a non-overhead trestle: tamping silt earthwork, and fastening a plurality of layers of cushion layers to form a non-overhead trestle with a symmetrical structure from bottom to top;
fourthly, constructing an overhead trestle: building a double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform and forming an overhead trestle with a multi-layer structure on the bearing platform from bottom to top.
2. The construction method of a wet trestle as defined in claim 1, wherein the third step specifically comprises the steps of:
a1, tamping silt earthwork at symmetrical edges of east-west lands of a wetland construction site, wherein the compactness is more than or equal to 95%, adopting a 150mm thick graded broken stone cushion layer, and making each side wider than a concrete cushion layer by 100mm;
a2, paving a C20 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 120mm on the broken stone cushion layer, wherein each side is wider than the paving width of the skid by 100mm; paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anticorrosion wood cushion layer on the concrete cushion layer, wherein the spacing between the cushion blocks is 500mm, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 100mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the spacing between the keels is 600mm, and laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 30mm on the anticorrosion wood keels to form a multilayer structure;
a3, adopting anti-corrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 120mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by L on two sides of the multilayer structure, arranging water outlets with the thickness of 30mm multiplied by 30mm at intervals, and fixing by using countersunk self-tapping screws, wherein L is the thickness of the multilayer structure.
3. The construction method of a wet trestle as defined in claim 1, wherein the fourth step comprises the steps of:
b1, building a double-Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform at the joint of the non-overhead trestle, wherein the single Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform consists of reinforced concrete columns, steel beams and steel keels, and the concrete grade in the reinforced concrete is C30;
b2, erecting a reinforced concrete casting plate with the thickness of 60mm on the double Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform as a base layer of the overhead trestle, wherein two sides of the reinforced concrete casting plate are combined with the trestle bearing platform by adopting a cement paste combining layer;
b3, paving a 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 20mm thick anti-corrosion wood cushion layer on the base layer, clamping and fixing two sides of the cushion wood layer by adopting L50 multiplied by 4 thick angle steel, fixing the angle steel by using phi 6 expansion bolts, and finally fixing the upper part of the angle steel by using through long bolts; laying anticorrosion wood keels with the cross section of 150mm multiplied by 50mm on the skid layer, wherein the distance between the keels is 600mm, laying a chestnut-colored anticorrosion wood surface layer with the thickness of 50mm on the anticorrosion wood keels, and adopting anticorrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 20mm on two sides to form an overhead trestle with a multilayer structure;
and B4, erecting galvanized steel pipe railings on two sides of the overhead trestle, wherein the railings are welded with the U-shaped steel.
4. The construction method of the wet trestle according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mechanical rolling method specifically includes: firstly, adopting a static pressure of a 20t vibratory roller to stabilize pressure, and then carrying out vibratory compaction; wherein, the speed of the vibratory roller is 3-5 km/h, the compaction is carried out from two sides to the middle and from the inner side to the outer side of the curve section, the longitudinal advance and retreat is carried out, the transverse overlapping is 0.4-0.5 m, and the longitudinal overlapping is 1.0-1.5 m.
5. The construction method of the wetland trestle according to claim 3, wherein in the step B1, the double-Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform comprises a first Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform and a second Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform, the top edge of the first Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform is connected with the east-shore non-overhead trestle, and the top edge of the second Y-shaped overhead trestle bearing platform is connected with the west-shore non-overhead trestle.
6. A method of constructing a wet stack as claimed in claim 3, wherein the reinforced concrete columns are 2500mm long and 1000mm wide.
7. A method of constructing a wet stack as claimed in claim 3, wherein in said step B4, the galvanized steel pipe rail has dimensions of 70mm x 50mm x 5mm.
8. The construction method of the wetland trestle according to claim 3, wherein in the step B4, the U-shaped steel is positioned at two sides of the overhead trestle and is connected with the overhead trestle through an embedded part, the railing is sprayed by gray fluorocarbon, the special-shaped wood is used as the handrail, and the surface of the handrail is painted with varnish.
9. The construction method of the wet trestle as defined in claim 3, wherein in the step B3, the anti-corrosion wood sealing plates with the thickness of 20mm are adopted at both sides, and further comprising the steps of: the water outlets are arranged at intervals of 30 multiplied by 30mm, and are fixed by countersunk self-tapping screws.
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