CN116393693B - Iron-based surfacing alloy material, iron-based surfacing alloy layer, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Iron-based surfacing alloy material, iron-based surfacing alloy layer, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN116393693B CN116393693B CN202310671294.XA CN202310671294A CN116393693B CN 116393693 B CN116393693 B CN 116393693B CN 202310671294 A CN202310671294 A CN 202310671294A CN 116393693 B CN116393693 B CN 116393693B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical group [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/12—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of wires
Abstract
The invention provides an iron-based surfacing alloy material, an iron-based surfacing alloy layer, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alloy materials. The iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the invention comprises the following components: 10-40 wt% of ferroboron, wherein the content of boron in the ferroboron is 16wt%; 20-29 wt% of ferrotitanium, wherein the content of titanium in the ferrotitanium is 30wt%; 3-6wt% of aluminum powder; 2-5wt% of a binder; 6-9wt% of carbon black; the balance of iron powder. The iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the invention can be surfacing to obtain an iron-based surfacing alloy layer with high hardness and high wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, in particular to an iron-based surfacing alloy material, an iron-based surfacing alloy layer, a preparation method and application.
Background
Steel materials are widely used in industrial fields as basic structural materials, however, many steel materials are subjected to serious abrasion on the surface thereof under severe working conditions for a long time, resulting in serious economic loss. The formation of ceramic phase reinforced iron-based alloy on the surface of the wearing part by adopting the surfacing technology becomes an important method for repairing the wearing part and prolonging the service life of the wearing part. The method can fully utilize the existing resources, realize the conversion of scrapped parts, renewable resources and products, greatly relieve the contradiction of energy shortage and accord with the development direction of circular economy. With the current technical level, more than 10000 tons of various hardfacing materials are needed each year, and the market potential of the hardfacing materials is huge.
The ceramic phase reinforced iron-based wear-resistant surfacing alloy integrates the high strength and high hardness of the ceramic phase and good plasticity and toughness of a metal matrix, and is widely applied to the surfacing of parts in the field of wear-resistant environments such as mines, cement and the like. In addition, the in-situ synthesis technology developed in recent years effectively solves the interface problem of the same ceramic matrix, and the composite material prepared by the method has an atomic bonding interface structure between the same ceramic matrixes, so that the obtained material has good performance. The surfacing alloy powder comprises iron-based surfacing alloy powder, cobalt-based surfacing alloy powder and nickel-based surfacing alloy powder, the cobalt-based surfacing alloy powder and the nickel-based surfacing alloy powder are expensive and are mostly applied to high-temperature occasions, and the iron-based surfacing alloy powder is used as the first choice of the wear-resistant surfacing alloy powder due to the advantages of low cost, good plastic toughness, firm interface combination and the like.
The iron-based wear-resistant surfacing alloy commonly used at present mainly comprises Fe-Cr-C alloy, and ceramic phase M in the Fe-Cr-C alloy 7 C 3 、M 23 C 6 So that it has excellent wear resistance, however, even if the content of chromium carbide exceeds 35%, the wear resistance of the alloy is not further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an iron-based surfacing alloy material, an iron-based surfacing alloy layer, a preparation method and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an iron-based surfacing alloy material, which comprises the following components:
10-40 wt% of ferroboron, wherein the content of boron in the ferroboron is 16wt%;
20-29 wt% of ferrotitanium, wherein the content of titanium in the ferrotitanium is 30wt%;
3-6wt% of aluminum powder;
2-5wt% of a binder;
6-9wt% of carbon black;
the balance of iron powder.
Preferably, the granularity of ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder and carbon black is independently 70-140 meshes; the granularity of the iron powder is 0.075mm.
Preferably, the binder is potassium sodium water glass.
The invention provides a preparation method of the iron-based surfacing alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, a binder, carbon black and iron powder, and then sequentially performing compression molding and drying to obtain the iron-based surfacing alloy material.
The invention provides an iron-based surfacing alloy layer, which is prepared from the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method of the technical scheme through surfacing.
Preferably, the weld overlay comprises a carbon arc weld overlay or a plasma weld overlay.
Preferably, the conditions of the plasma arc build-up welding include: the no-load voltage is 85-100V, the arc voltage is 25-40V, the welding current is 140-160A, the longitudinal moving speed of the arc is 3-15 cm/min, the transverse swinging frequency of the arc is 19-22 times/min, the transverse swinging width of the arc is 1.8-2.0 cm, and the distance between the arc and a workpiece is 2-3 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer is 2-3 mm.
The invention provides the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the technical scheme, the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme or the application of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer in repairing a wear mechanical part.
Preferably, the material of the mechanical part includes Q235 steel or 20G steel.
The beneficial effects are that: the inventionThe iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the method adopts ferroboron, and B, fe and C elements are used for in-situ synthesis of Fe in the surfacing process 3 (C,B)、Fe 23 (C,B) 6 The ferrotitanium is also introduced into the iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the invention, and a high-hardness Ti (C, B) cermet hard phase is formed in the surfacing process, and has higher hardness, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer are improved; the invention adopts aluminum powder to form Al 2 O 3 Particle points with small interfacial energy exist between the same crystal nucleus and the crystal nucleus, the particle points can serve as a substrate in the process of overlaying welding, the nucleation work is reduced, and the metal ceramic hard phase can be used for Al in the subsequent cooling process 2 O 3 As core nucleation growth, thereby promoting the formation of fine-grain structure; meanwhile, the net eutectic structure [ gamma+M+Fe ] of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer 2 B+Fe 23 (C,B) 6 ]Fe of (B) 3 (C,B)、Fe 23 (C,B) 6 The movement of dislocations is hindered by the hard phase of the cermet, so that the iron-based build-up alloy layer is strengthened. Therefore, the iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the invention can be surfacing-welded to obtain the iron-based surfacing alloy layer with high hardness and high wear resistance, and the combination of the cermet hard phase and the matrix is firm, so that the iron-based surfacing alloy material has high wear resistance and a very wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the build-up layer of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the build-up layer of example 2;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the build-up layer of example 3;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the build-up layer of example 4;
FIG. 5 is a side SEM image of the weld overlay and substrate of example 3;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the profile of microhardness of the overlay of examples 1-4;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the Rockwell hardness and wear amount distribution of the overlay layers in examples 1 to 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an iron-based surfacing alloy material, which comprises the following components:
10-40 wt% of ferroboron, wherein the content of boron in the ferroboron is 16wt%;
20-29 wt% of ferrotitanium, wherein the content of titanium in the ferrotitanium is 30wt%;
3-6wt% of aluminum powder;
2-5wt% of a binder;
6-9wt% of carbon black;
the balance of iron powder.
In the invention, the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprises 10-40wt% of ferroboron, preferably 15-35wt%, and more preferably 20-30wt%; the boron content in the ferroboron is 16wt%. In the invention, the granularity of ferroboron is preferably 70-140 meshes.
In the invention, the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprises 20-29wt% of ferrotitanium, preferably 23-26wt%; the titanium content of the ferrotitanium is 30wt%. In the invention, the granularity of the ferrotitanium is preferably 70-140 meshes.
In the invention, the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprises 3-6wt% of aluminum powder, preferably 4-5wt%. In the invention, the granularity of the aluminum powder is preferably 70-140 meshes.
In the invention, the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprises 2-5wt% of binder, preferably 3-4wt%. In the present invention, the binder is preferably potassium sodium water glass.
In the invention, the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprises 6-9wt% of carbon black, and preferably 7-8wt%. In the invention, the granularity of the carbon black is preferably 70-140 meshes; the purity of the carbon black is preferably 99.5wt%.
In the invention, the components of the iron-based surfacing alloy material comprise the balance of iron powder, and the granularity of the iron powder is preferably 0.075mm; the purity of the iron powder is preferably 99wt%.
The iron-based surfacing alloy material provided by the invention can obtain an iron-based surfacing alloy layer with high hardness and high wear resistance through surfacing, and the metal ceramic hard phase is firmly combined with the matrix, so that the iron-based surfacing alloy material has high wear resistance, and the specific principle is as follows:
1. the invention adopts ferroboron to release B original in the surfacing processThe seed and Fe and C elements are synthesized into Fe in situ 3 (C,B)、Fe 23 (C,B) 6 Cermet hard phases with high hardness, in particular Fe 23 (C,B) 6 The microhardness of the metal ceramic is HV 1100-1600, a large number of metal ceramic hard phases are uniformly dispersed and distributed in a metal matrix, and when the abrasive particles grind the surface of the metal ceramic hard phases, the metal ceramic hard phases play a role of a wear-resistant framework. Meanwhile, the martensite and austenite matrix structure ensures good toughness and plays a good supporting role for the hard phase of the metal ceramic.
2. According to the invention, ferrotitanium is also adopted on the basis of ferroboron, and a high-hardness Ti (C, B) cermet hard phase is formed in the surfacing process and is uniformly dispersed in the iron-based surfacing alloy layer, so that on one hand, penetration of abrasive particles can be effectively avoided, and on the other hand, the ferrotitanium can be used as a core for non-uniform nucleation, so that the crystal grains are refined, and the hardness and wear resistance of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer are improved.
3. The invention adopts aluminum powder to form Al 2 O 3 Particle points with small interfacial energy exist between the same crystal nucleus and the crystal nucleus, the particle points can serve as a substrate in the process of overlaying welding, the nucleation work is reduced, and the metal ceramic hard phase can be used for Al in the subsequent cooling process 2 O 3 As a core nucleation growth, thereby promoting the formation of fine-grain structure.
4. Reticular eutectic structure [ gamma+M+Fe of iron-based surfacing alloy layer 2 B+Fe 23 (C,B) 6 ]Fe of (B) 3 (C,B)、Fe 23 (C,B) 6 The movement of dislocations is hindered by the hard phase of the cermet, so that the iron-based build-up alloy layer is strengthened. Specifically, the matrix and the reinforcing phase in the reticular eutectic structure form a continuous network structure in the iron-based surfacing alloy layer, the reinforcing phase is toughened due to the toughness of the matrix which is intersected and penetrated with the reinforcing phase, the matrix is reinforced due to the rigid bearing function of the framework of the network reinforcing phase, and the matrix and the reinforcing phase depend on each other to be mutually reinforced, so that the iron-based surfacing alloy layer obtains a good reinforcing effect.
The invention provides a preparation method of the iron-based surfacing alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, a binder, carbon black and iron powder, and then sequentially performing compression molding and drying to obtain the iron-based surfacing alloy material.
The ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, a binder, carbon black and iron powder are mixed and then placed in a die for compression molding; the specific operation conditions of the press molding are not particularly limited, and those well known to those skilled in the art may be employed. The present invention preferably uses compression molding to form the resulting component into a block; the specific dimensions of the block are not particularly limited, and dimensions well known to those skilled in the art may be employed.
In the present invention, the drying preferably includes sequentially performing first stage drying, second stage drying, third stage drying, and fourth stage drying; the first-stage drying is preferably natural air drying, and the time of the first-stage drying is preferably 20-36 hours, more preferably 24-30 hours; the temperature of the second-stage drying is preferably 50-60 ℃, more preferably 50-55 ℃, and the time of the second-stage drying is preferably 10-15 min, more preferably 10-12 min; the temperature of the third-stage drying is preferably 100-150 ℃, more preferably 100-120 ℃, and the time of the third-stage drying is preferably 8-10 min, more preferably 9-10 min; the temperature of the fourth stage drying is preferably 150-200 ℃, more preferably 180-200 ℃, and the time of the fourth stage drying is preferably 1-1.5 h, more preferably 1-1.2 h. The method is preferably adopted for drying, and the iron-based surfacing alloy piece obtained after compression molding can be effectively dried.
The invention provides an iron-based surfacing alloy layer, which is prepared from the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method of the technical scheme through surfacing. In the embodiment of the invention, the content of boron in the iron-based surfacing alloy layer is 2.1-7.1 wt%, specifically 2.1wt%, 3.4wt%, 4.7wt% or 7.1wt%. The invention carries out overlaying on the iron-based overlaying alloy material, has simple operation method and low cost, and is easier to obtain the iron-based overlaying alloy layer with high hardness and high wear resistance than a manual overlaying wear-resistant welding rod.
In the present invention, the build-up preferably comprises a carbon arc build-up or a plasma build-up. In the present invention, the conditions of the plasma arc build-up welding include: the no-load voltage is preferably 85-100V, more preferably 90-95V; the arc voltage is preferably 25-40V, more preferably 30-35V; the welding current is preferably 140-160A, more preferably 140-150A; the longitudinal movement speed of the arc is preferably 3-15 cm/min, more preferably 10-12 cm/min; the transverse oscillation frequency of the electric arc is preferably 19-22 times/min, more preferably 20-21 times/min; the transverse swing width of the arc is preferably 1.8-2.0 cm, more preferably 1.9-2.0 cm; the distance between the arc and the workpiece is preferably 2 to 3mm, more preferably 2.5 to 3mm.
In the invention, the thickness of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer is preferably 2-3 mm.
The specific preparation method of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer is not particularly limited, and the iron-based surfacing alloy material is used as a raw material, and surfacing is carried out on the surface of a substrate in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the technical scheme, the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme or the application of the iron-based surfacing alloy layer in repairing the abrasion mechanical parts. In the present invention, the material of the mechanical part preferably includes Q235 steel or 20G steel.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, iron powder, carbon black and sodium potassium water glass adopted in the following examples are all industrial products; the granularity of the ferroboron, the ferrotitanium, the aluminum powder and the carbon black is 70-140 meshes independently, the boron content in the ferroboron is 16wt%, the titanium content in the ferrotitanium is 30wt%, and the purity of the carbon black is 99.5wt%; the particle size of the iron powder is 0.075mm and the purity is 99wt%.
Example 1
Uniformly mixing ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, iron powder, carbon black and sodium potassium water glass, then placing the mixture in a mould to be pressed into blocks, and then sequentially carrying out natural air drying for 24 hours, drying for 10 minutes at 50 ℃, drying for 10 minutes at 100 ℃ and drying for 1 hour at 200 ℃ to obtain a ceramic phase reinforced iron-based wear-resistant surfacing alloy material; wherein, the raw materials are as follows according to mass percent: 10% of ferroboron, 29% of ferrotitanium, 3% of aluminum powder, 5% of potassium sodium water glass, 6% of carbon black and the balance of iron powder.
Performing plasma arc surfacing on the ceramic phase reinforced iron-based wear-resistant surfacing alloy material prepared in the embodiment 1 by adopting a DML-V02BD type multifunctional plasma powder surfacing machine, and finally forming a surfacing layer (a transition layer is also arranged between a base body and the surfacing layer) with the thickness of 3mm on the surface of the base body (the Q235 steel material), wherein the boron content of the surfacing layer is 2.1wt%; the technological parameters of the plasma arc surfacing comprise: the no-load voltage (U) is 90V, the arc voltage (U) is 30V, the welding current (I) is 140A, the arc longitudinal moving speed is 12cm/min, the arc transverse swinging frequency is 21 times/min, the arc transverse swinging width is 2.0cm, and the distance between the arc and the workpiece is 3mm.
Example 2
The ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the raw materials in this example were as follows, in mass percent: 20% of ferroboron, 26% of ferrotitanium, 4% of aluminum powder, 4% of potassium sodium water glass, 7% of carbon black and the balance of iron powder.
The prepared ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was subjected to plasma arc surfacing in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a weld overlay having a boron content of 3.4wt%.
Example 3
The ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the raw materials in this example were as follows, in mass percent: 30% of ferroboron, 23% of ferrotitanium, 5% of aluminum powder, 3% of potassium sodium water glass, 8% of carbon black and the balance of iron powder.
The prepared ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was subjected to plasma arc surfacing in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a weld overlay having a boron content of 4.7wt%.
Example 4
The ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the raw materials in this example were as follows, in mass percent: 40% of ferroboron, 20% of ferrotitanium, 6% of aluminum powder, 2% of potassium sodium water glass, 9% of carbon black and the balance of iron powder.
The prepared ceramic phase reinforced iron-based hardfacing alloy material was subjected to plasma arc surfacing in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a weld overlay having a boron content of 7.1wt%.
Characterization and performance testing
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of the build-up layer in example 1, fig. 2 is an SEM image of the build-up layer in example 2, fig. 3 is an SEM image of the build-up layer in example 3, and fig. 4 is an SEM image of the build-up layer in example 4, all on a scale of 20 μm; as can be seen from FIGS. 1-4, the build-up layers in examples 1-4 all have fewer cracks.
FIG. 5 is a side SEM image of the weld overlay and substrate of example 3, scale 100 μm; as can be seen from fig. 5, the build-up layer is firmly bonded to the substrate.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the profile of microhardness of the weld overlay of examples 1-4, showing that the microhardness of the weld overlay of examples 1-4 is well graded, and the average microhardness is the microhardness of the matrix (HV 0.2 258 The microhardness change interval is larger after passing through the welding line; the microhardness of the overlay surface alloy was highest, with the microhardness of the overlay surface alloy of example 3 being highest on average, reaching HV, in a generally ascending trend from the substrate to the surface alloy 0.2 991。
The Rockwell hardness and the abrasion loss of the build-up layers prepared in examples 1 to 4 were tested, wherein the abrasion loss test method was as follows:
the test pieces were manufactured to have standard dimensions of 56mm by 27mm by 11mm, and abrasion test was performed on an MLS-23 type wet abrasion rubber wheel abrasion tester with the following parameters: the speed is 240r/min, the aperture of the rubber wheel is 150mm, the surface pressure is 1.5MPa, the grain diameter of sand is 0.0027-0.0083 mm, the total weight of sand is 1.5kg, and the abrasion duration is 3min; the mass of the sample before and after abrasion was measured using a TG328A type analytical balance having an accuracy of 0.1mg, and the abrasion loss Δg of the sample was calculated as follows:
ΔG=G 0 -G 1 ；
wherein G is 0 For the mass (G) of the sample before abrasion, G 1 The mass (g) of the sample after abrasion.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the rockwell hardness and wear amount distribution of the overlay layers in examples 1 to 4, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Rockwell hardness and wear amount of the overlay layers in examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from fig. 7 and table 1, the hardness of the build-up layers in examples 1 to 4 gradually increased with increasing boron content, and the wear amount decreased first and then increased. Wherein the weld overlay of example 4 has the highest hardness due to the formation of a large amount of high hardness Fe in the weld overlay structure 2 B due to Fe 2 B is more brittle and thus more worn. The weld overlay of example 3 has the least amount of wear due to the reticulated eutectic structure [ gamma+M+Fe 2 B+ Fe 23 (C,B) 6 ]Plays a good role of a wear-resistant framework.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An iron-based surfacing alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components:
10-40 wt% of ferroboron, wherein the content of boron in the ferroboron is 16wt%;
20-29 wt% of ferrotitanium, wherein the content of titanium in the ferrotitanium is 30wt%;
3-6wt% of aluminum powder;
2-5wt% of a binder;
6-9wt% of carbon black;
the balance of iron powder.
2. The iron-based overlay welding alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the particle sizes of ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder and carbon black are independently 70-140 mesh; the granularity of the iron powder is 0.075mm.
3. The iron-based overlay alloy material of claim 1, wherein the binder is potassium sodium water glass.
4. The method for preparing the iron-based surfacing alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
and mixing ferroboron, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder, a binder, carbon black and iron powder, and then sequentially performing compression molding and drying to obtain the iron-based surfacing alloy material.
5. An iron-based surfacing alloy layer, which is characterized in that the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-3 or the preparation method of claim 4 is obtained through surfacing.
6. The iron-based overlay alloy layer according to claim 5, wherein the overlay comprises a carbon arc overlay or a plasma overlay.
7. The iron-based overlay alloy layer according to claim 6, wherein the conditions of the plasma overlay include: the no-load voltage is 85-100V, the arc voltage is 25-40V, the welding current is 140-160A, the longitudinal moving speed of the arc is 3-15 cm/min, the transverse swinging frequency of the arc is 19-22 times/min, the transverse swinging width of the arc is 1.8-2.0 cm, and the distance between the arc and a workpiece is 2-3 mm.
8. The iron-based overlay alloy layer according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the thickness of the iron-based overlay alloy layer is 2-3 mm.
9. The use of the iron-based surfacing alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the iron-based surfacing alloy material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 4 or the iron-based surfacing alloy layer according to any one of claims 5 to 8 for repairing a wear mechanical part.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the material of the mechanical part comprises Q235 steel or 20G steel.
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