CN111014657B - FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
- B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
Abstract
The invention discloses FeCuNiSn alloy powder for a diamond product and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal material powder metallurgy. The FeCuNiSn alloy powder comprises Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder and Cr3C2Or/and Mo2C superfine additive powder. The preparation method adopts high-temperature liquid smelting and high-pressure water atomization methods to prepare Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component pre-alloy powder, or the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component pre-alloy powder is uniformly mixed with superfine additive powder to obtain FeCuNiSn series alloy powder. The invention can weaken the wear resistance of the powder sintered body, reduce the sintering temperature, improve the density, the bending strength and the holding force on diamond of the sintered body, and improve the sharpness of the tool; cr (chromium) component3C2Or/and Mo2The addition of C obviously improves the sharpness of the diamond product and meets the development requirements on dry cutting/dry grinding and efficient processing of the diamond product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a water-atomized Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloyed powder for diamond products, a component design and atomization preparation method thereof, and ultrafine Cr3C2Ultra-fine Mo2And C, functional combination application.
Background
The diamond product is widely applied to the fields of stone processing, ceramic processing, building construction and the like, wherein the consumption of the metal bond product accounts for about 85 percent of the consumption of all the products. The metal bonding agent is divided into iron base, copper base and cobalt base according to the component classification, the metal bonding agent is divided into simple substance powder and alloy powder according to the preparation method of raw materials, the alloy powder can be divided into water atomization powder, chemical method powder, mechanical ball milling powder and the like according to the preparation method, and the water atomization pre-alloy powder is one of the most applied powder. The core cutting element of a diamond article is a diamond single crystal, and the effectiveness of a diamond single crystal depends primarily on two aspects: the sintered body has the consolidation capacity-holding force to the sintered body, and the diamond can be smoothly edged or not-the proper body has abrasion performance. In an elemental powder system, the cobalt-based binder has the best performance but is expensive, and the development of the iron-based binder is the development trend of the global diamond product industry; however, the existing iron-based simple substance powder system has the defects of coarse powder granularity, poor quality stability, insufficient sintering alloying and the like, and the most outstanding problem is that a great coordination contradiction exists between the holding force of a sintered matrix to diamond and the abrasiveness: if the holding force is enhanced, the tire body is too wear-resistant, the diamond is not easy to be edged, and the sharpness of the tool is insufficient; if the sharpness is improved by weakening the abrasion of the matrix, the diamond holding force of the matrix is reduced, and the life of the tool is greatly reduced. In order to overcome the defects of a simple substance powder system, improve the alloying capacity of a metal binding agent sintered matrix, the holding force to diamond and the wettability, and obviously improve the abrasion adaptability between the matrix and the diamond, the prealloy powder is produced by a chemical coprecipitation method, a water atomization/gas atomization method, a mechanical ball milling method and the like.
The prealloying powder by the chemical coprecipitation method has the advantages of fine granularity, high sintering activity, strong alloying capability and the like, but has the defects of high production cost, high price, limited types of available elements and the like, and particularly has serious pollution of residues in the production process and great limitation of environmental protection control. Patent CN107243644A discloses Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder prepared by a chemical coprecipitation method, wherein the element proportion is 48-50% of Cu, 28-30% of Fe, 8-10% of Ni and 8-10% of Sn, and the alloy powder has good mechanical property, but the application of the alloy powder is limited due to higher production cost.
The alloying method for preparing the alloy powder by mechanical ball milling has the advantages of simple equipment, large free assembly space among elements, good cold pressing formability and the like. Patent CN102133640A discloses a method for preparing a diamond tool bit by using iron-based pre-alloy powder, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 55-75% by mass of Fe powder, 1-20% by mass of Cu powder, 1-10% by mass of Ni powder, 1-10% by mass of W powder, 1-10% by mass of Mo powder, 1-10% by mass of Ti powder, 1-10% by mass of carbon black and 0.5-10% by mass of B4C powder, carrying out high-energy ball milling under the protection of inert gas, carrying out ball milling for 20-40 hours to obtain iron-based pre-alloy powder, passivating the powder, mixing the powder with diamond, and carrying out high-temperature sintering to prepare the diamond tool bit. However, the method has the defects of low production efficiency caused by long ball milling time, small single-batch production, limited interdiffusion alloying capacity among elements, high oxygen content of powder after ball milling, poor quality stability and the like, and is rarely applied to industrial large-scale production.
Therefore, the production efficiency and the alloying capacity are improved, the quality stability of products produced in a large scale is kept, the sintering temperature of diamond products is reduced, the sharpness of the diamond products is effectively improved, the application broad spectrum of single-variety prealloy powder is expanded, and the method has important engineering application values for large-scale popularization and application of the prealloy powder and improvement of the quality of the diamond products.
The water atomized prealloyed powder has the advantages of high production efficiency, low production cost, basically no environmental pollution in the production process, various alloying elements, randomly adjustable component proportion, high comprehensive mechanical property of a powder sintered body and the like, so that the alloy powder with the largest consumption has been developed. The Fe-Cu binary base powder water atomization prealloying powder has the advantages of simple components, stable performance, strong universality and the like, is widely applied to various diamond products, and has the defects of high sintering temperature and high matrix wear resistance, which causes great sharpness adjustment difficulty.
Patent CN106048393A discloses a method for preparing FeCu30 water atomized prealloy powder by adding a small amount of Cr and Zr into matrix powder for diamond products, which comprises the steps of firstly melting copper and zirconium in a graphite crucible to prepare a copper-zirconium alloy ingot, then heating and melting pure iron, a copper block and a prefabricated copper-zirconium alloy ingot in a medium frequency induction furnace, and then preparing FeCu30 prealloy powder by adopting water atomization equipment and process. The chromium and zirconium in the method are easy-to-oxidize elements, and are easy to oxidize in the water atomization powder preparation process, so that the quality stability of the powder is difficult to control, and meanwhile, the prealloy powder still needs to be sintered at high temperature, so that the sharpness of a diamond tool is difficult to adjust.
Therefore, according to the invention, Ni and Sn with a proper proportion are added into the Fe-Cu base alloy to reduce the sintering temperature, improve the wettability of the matrix to diamond, change the abrasiveness of the matrix and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the matrix, so that under the condition of ensuring that the matrix has enough holding force on the diamond, the abrasiveness of the matrix is obviously improved to promote the rapid cutting of the diamond, the sharpness of a diamond product is obviously improved, and the development requirement of a high-performance diamond product with the sharpness as the main component is met. And ultra-fine Cr3C2Ultra-fine Mo2The composite addition of C can disperse and refine the sintered matrix, prevent the sintering recrystallization coarsening and growth among water atomized alloy powder particles, change the abrasion form of the matrix and be beneficial to improving the sharpness of the diamond product; second, ultra-fine Mo2The wear resistance of the sintered tire body can be improved, the sharpness of the diamond product is improved, and the service life of the product is prolonged; again, the red hardness of the sintered matrix may be increased to improve the dry cutting/dry grinding performance of the diamond article. Thereby realizing the atomization of the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn quaternary water pre-alloyed powder and the superfine Cr3C2Ultra-fine Mo2And the functional combination among the C powder meets the development requirements of different application fields on dry cutting/dry grinding and efficient processing of the diamond product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder for a diamond product and FeCuNiSn series alloy powder for the diamond product, provides production methods of the two powders, and achieves the purposes of improving the density of a sintered matrix, improving the holding force of the matrix on diamond and improving the sharpness of the diamond product.
The technical scheme of the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder for the diamond product and the preparation method thereof is as follows.
The Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder for the diamond product is characterized by comprising 41-51% of Fe, 40-43% of Cu, 5-8% of Ni and 4-8% of Sn in parts by weight.
A method for preparing Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder for diamond products comprises the following steps: sequentially adding Fe, Ni, Cu and Sn into a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, performing electric smelting, deoxidizing by adding carbon powder, adjusting the superheat degree of molten steel to be 150-200 ℃, pouring into a tundish, crushing a liquid flow column formed after the molten steel passes through a ladle bottom hole leakage by high-pressure water, atomizing into powder under the condition of filling nitrogen gas, performing vacuum filtration and dehydration on the powder after atomization, drying in a drying box for 3-8 hours, reducing by using mixed hydrogen and nitrogen, screening the reduced powder (a 325-mesh screen can be used for screening), and putting the screen underflow into a powder batch machine for fully mixing to obtain the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder.
The reduction of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is carried out in a stepping push boat reduction furnace, and the reduction temperature is 600-750 ℃; the boat pushing amount is 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is 5-10 minutes/boat; the hydrogen in the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas accounts for 75 percent by volume.
The beneficial effects are that: the four-component iron-based pre-alloyed powder is produced and prepared by adopting a high-temperature liquid smelting and high-pressure water atomization method, a uniform mechanical mixture of Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn atom clusters is formed in powder particles, and the Fe is taken as a main component, so that the production cost can be reduced; the soft Cu phase can weaken the wear resistance of the powder sintered body, is beneficial to improving the sharpness and can also reduce the sintering temperature; the introduction of Ni can effectively improve the wettability of the Cu-containing matrix to diamond, improve the density and bending strength of the sintered matrix and improve the holding force of the matrix to diamond; the addition of the low-melting-point Sn can effectively reduce the sintering temperature of the powder, promote sintering densification and increase the brittle wear performance of a sintered matrix so as to improve the sharpness of the tool. Compared with the alloy powder prepared by the chemical coprecipitation method disclosed in the patent CN107243644A, the method has the advantages of green and environment-friendly production process, high production efficiency, large batch, low cost, good quality stability, strong self-sharpening abrasion capability of a powder sintered matrix, outstanding sharpness and the like.
However, in the practical application process of the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder, the powder particles are easy to grow and coarsen during high-temperature sintering so as to strengthen the wear resistance of the matrix, and further the improvement of the sharpness of the diamond product is influenced. Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder and superfine Cr3C2、Mo2The powder C is mixed and applied, so that the sharpness of the diamond product can be further improved.
The technical scheme of the FeCuNiSn alloy powder for the diamond product and the preparation method thereof is as follows.
A FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond products comprises Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder and superfine additive powder; the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder is characterized by comprising 41-51 wt% of Fe, 40-43 wt% of Cu, 5-8 wt% of Ni and 4-8 wt% of Sn; the superfine additive powder is Cr3C2Or/and Mo2The dosage of the C powder is 1 to 5 percent of the total weight of the FeCuNiSn alloy powder.
The superfine additive powder has the granularity of 2-4 mu m.
The Cr3C2And Mo2C, Cr by weight3C2More than or equal to 0.2 percent of the total weight of FeCuNiSn alloy powder and the balance of Mo2C。
A preparation method of FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond products comprises the following steps: sequentially adding Fe, Ni, Cu and Sn into a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, electrifying for smelting, deoxidizing by adding carbon powder, adjusting the superheat degree of molten steel to be 150-200 ℃, pouring into a tundish, crushing a liquid flow column formed after molten steel passes through a ladle bottom hole leakage by high-pressure water, atomizing into powder under the condition of filling nitrogen gas, dehydrating the powder after atomization by vacuum filtration, drying in a drying box for 3-8 hours, reducing by using mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen, and screening the reduced powder by using a screen mesh (the screening can use 3)A screen mesh of 25 meshes), and placing the undersize into a powder batching machine for fully mixing to obtain Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder; adding superfine additive powder Cr3C2Or/and Mo2C is mixed evenly to obtain FeCuNiSn alloy powder.
The reduction of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is carried out in a stepping push boat reduction furnace, and the reduction temperature is 600-750 ℃; the boat pushing amount is 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is 5-10 minutes/boat; the hydrogen in the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas accounts for 75 percent by volume.
Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder and superfine Cr3C2、Mo2The mixed application of the C powder can improve the sharpness of the diamond product and improve the wettability of the matrix to diamond. The carbides which are dispersed and distributed can prevent the connection growth among the prealloy powder particles and refine the structure of a sintered matrix, and the interface bonding force between the carbide particles and the metal powder particles is weaker than that between homogeneous metal powder particles, and the carbide particles and the metal powder particles can be peeled off before a metal matrix in the continuous grinding process of the matrix, so that the rapid abrasion peeling of the metal matrix is promoted, the sharpness of the diamond product is obviously improved, and the engineering use requirement of the diamond product with the sharpness as the core requirement can be well met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM topography of water atomized Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloyed powder particles of example 1.
FIG. 2 is SEM image of the sintered structure of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn powder and its diamond-impregnated structure of example 1.
FIG. 3 shows Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn alloy powder of example 7 + 3% ultrafine Cr3C2Sintered matrix structure prepared from powder and SEM topography of sintered matrix structure for diamond embedding
FIG. 4 shows Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn alloy powder of example 9 + 3% ultra-fine Mo2Sintered matrix structure prepared from C powder and SEM topography of diamond embedded with same
Detailed Description
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder (1)
A medium-frequency induction smelting furnace with the capacity of 250kg is used, the component proportion is 41 percent of Fe, 43 percent of Cu, 8 percent of Ni and 8 percent of Sn, a furnace charge with the total weight of 200kg is prepared, and the feeding weight of raw materials is as follows in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 raw materials and weight ratios of the materials charged (example 1)
| Raw materials | Pure Fe block | Electrolytic Cu plate | Electrolytic Ni plate | Sn block | Total weight of |
| Weight (kg) | 82 | 86 | 16 | 16 | 200 |
Sequentially adding Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn into a medium-frequency induction furnace, electrifying for melting and refining, adding carbon powder accounting for 0.2 percent of the total weight of a smelted material for deoxidation, adjusting the superheat degree of molten liquid to be 150-200 ℃, pouring the molten liquid into a tundish, smashing the molten liquid by high-pressure water after the molten liquid passes through a ladle bottom hole, and atomizing the smashed molten liquid into powder in an atomizing barrel filled with nitrogen protection. And (3) fully dehydrating the atomized powder in a vacuum filtration mode, drying the powder in a drying box for 3-8 hours, and reducing the powder in a stepping push boat reducing furnace by using mixed hydrogen-nitrogen gas (the hydrogen accounts for 75%). The reduction temperature is set to be 600-750 ℃, 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is set to be 5-10 minutes/boat. Sieving the reduced powder with a 325-mesh sieve, adding the sieved material into a powder batching machine, mixing thoroughly, discharging the powder, and vacuum packaging at 5 kg/bag after passing the detection. The final test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 EXAMPLES Performance testing (EXAMPLE 1)
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder (2)
A medium-frequency induction smelting furnace with the capacity of 250kg is used, and the component ratio is 45% of Fe, 40% of Cu, 8% of Ni and 7% of Sn. The total amount of the fed materials is 200kg, and the raw materials and the weight ratio are as follows 3:
TABLE 3 raw materials and weight ratios (example 2)
| Raw materials | Pure Fe block | Electrolytic Cu plate | Electrolytic Ni plate | Sn block | Total weight of |
| Weight (kg) | 90 | 80 | 16 | 14 | 200 |
Sequentially adding Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn into a medium-frequency induction furnace, electrifying for melting and refining, adding carbon powder accounting for 0.2 percent of the total weight of a smelted material for deoxidation, adjusting the superheat degree of molten liquid to be 150-200 ℃, pouring the molten liquid into a tundish, smashing the molten liquid by high-pressure water after the molten liquid passes through a ladle bottom hole, and atomizing the smashed molten liquid into powder in an atomizing barrel filled with nitrogen protection. And (3) fully dehydrating the atomized powder in a vacuum filtration mode, drying the powder in a drying box for 3-8 hours, and reducing the powder in a stepping push boat reducing furnace by using mixed hydrogen-nitrogen gas (the hydrogen accounts for 75%). The reduction temperature is set to be 600-750 ℃, 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is set to be 5-10 minutes/boat. Sieving the reduced powder with a 325-mesh sieve, adding the sieved material into a powder batching machine, mixing thoroughly, discharging the powder, and vacuum packaging at 5 kg/bag after passing the detection. The final test results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 examples product Performance testing (example 2)
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder (3)
The medium frequency induction smelting furnace with the capacity of 250kg is used, the component mixture ratio is 51 percent of Fe, 40 percent of Cu, 5 percent of Ni and 4 percent of Sn, the total weight of fed materials is 200kg, and the weight of raw materials and the fed materials is as shown in the following table 5:
TABLE 5 raw materials and weight ratios (example 3)
| Raw materials | Pure Fe block | Electrolytic Cu plate | Electrolytic Ni plate | Sn block | Total weight of |
| Weight (kg) | 102 | 80 | 10 | 8 | 200 |
Sequentially adding Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn into a medium-frequency induction furnace, electrifying for melting and refining, adding carbon powder accounting for 0.2 percent of the total weight of a smelted material for deoxidation, adjusting the superheat degree of molten liquid to be 150-200 ℃, pouring the molten liquid into a tundish, smashing the molten liquid by high-pressure water after the molten liquid passes through a ladle bottom hole, and atomizing the smashed molten liquid into powder in an atomizing barrel filled with nitrogen protection. And (3) fully dehydrating the atomized powder in a vacuum filtration mode, drying the powder in a drying oven for 4 to 10 hours, and reducing the powder in a stepping push boat reducing furnace by using mixed hydrogen and nitrogen (the hydrogen accounts for 75 percent). The reduction temperature is set to be 600-750 ℃, 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is set to be 5-10 minutes/boat. Sieving the reduced powder with a 325-mesh sieve, adding the sieved material into a powder batching machine, mixing thoroughly, discharging the powder, and vacuum packaging at 5 kg/bag after passing the detection. The final test results are shown in table 6:
TABLE 6 EXAMPLES Performance testing (example 3)
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder (4)
A medium-frequency induction smelting furnace with the capacity of 250kg is used, and the component ratio is 48% of Fe, 41% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 6% of Sn. The total amount of the raw materials charged is 200kg, and the raw materials and the charged weight are as follows:
TABLE 7 raw materials and weights of charges (example 4)
| Raw materials | Pure Fe block | Electrolytic Cu plate | Electrolytic Ni plate | Sn block | Total weight of |
| Weight (kg) | 96 | 82 | 10 | 12 | 200 |
Sequentially adding Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn into a medium-frequency induction furnace, electrifying for melting and refining, adding carbon powder accounting for 0.2 percent of the total weight of a smelted material for deoxidation, adjusting the superheat degree of molten liquid to be 150-200 ℃, pouring the molten liquid into a tundish, smashing the molten liquid by high-pressure water after the molten liquid passes through a ladle bottom hole, and atomizing the smashed molten liquid into powder in an atomizing barrel filled with nitrogen protection. And (3) fully dehydrating the atomized powder in a vacuum filtration mode, drying the powder in a drying box for 3-8 hours, and reducing the powder in a stepping push boat reducing furnace by using mixed hydrogen-nitrogen gas (the hydrogen accounts for 75%). The reduction temperature is set to be 600-750 ℃, 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is set to be 5-10 minutes/boat. Sieving the reduced powder with a 325-mesh sieve, adding the sieved material into a powder batching machine, mixing thoroughly, discharging the powder, and vacuum packaging at 5 kg/bag after passing the detection. The final test results are shown in table 8:
TABLE 8 examples product Performance testing (example 4)
EXAMPLE 5 preparation of Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder (5)
A medium frequency induction smelting furnace with the capacity of 250kg is used, and the component ratio is 49% of Fe, 42% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 4% of Sn. The total amount of the materials charged is 200kg, and the raw materials and the charged weight are as follows:
TABLE 9 raw materials and charged weight (example 5)
| Raw materials | Pure Fe block | Electrolytic Cu plate | Electrolytic Ni plate | Sn block | Total weight of |
| Weight (kg) | 98 | 84 | 10 | 8 | 200 |
Sequentially adding Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn into a medium-frequency induction furnace, electrifying for melting and refining, adding carbon powder accounting for 0.2 percent of the total weight of a smelted material for deoxidation, adjusting the superheat degree of molten liquid to be 150-200 ℃, pouring the molten liquid into a tundish, smashing the molten liquid by high-pressure water after the molten liquid passes through a ladle bottom hole, and atomizing the smashed molten liquid into powder in an atomizing barrel filled with nitrogen protection. And (3) fully dehydrating the atomized powder in a vacuum filtration mode, drying the powder in a drying box for 3-8 hours, and reducing the powder in a stepping push boat reducing furnace by using mixed hydrogen-nitrogen gas (the hydrogen accounts for 75%). The reduction temperature is set to be 600-750 ℃, 5-10 kg/boat, and the propelling speed is set to be 5-10 minutes/boat. Sieving the reduced powder with a 325-mesh sieve, adding the sieved material into a powder batching machine, mixing thoroughly, discharging the powder, and vacuum packaging at 5 kg/bag after passing the detection. The final test results are shown in table 10:
TABLE 10 EXAMPLES Performance testing (example 5)
Example 6 preparation of FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for Diamond articles (1)
The water atomized prealloyed powder prepared in example 1 was mixed with 0.5% by weight of ultra-fine Cr3C2The powders were mixed in a three-dimensional blender for 2 hours, mixing 100kg total weight, forming a functionalized composite powder, the raw materials and the weight charged are shown in table 11:
TABLE 11 example 1 prealloyed powder with 0.5% ultra-fine Cr3C2Powder compounding weight
| Raw material | EXAMPLE 1 Pre-alloyed powder | Superfine Cr3C2Powder of |
| Weight (kg) | 99.5 | 0.5 |
The mixed powders were subjected to sintering tests and the results are shown in table 12 below:
TABLE 12 indexes of detection of the mixed functional composite powders (example 6)
Example 7 preparation of FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for Diamond articles (2)
The water atomized prealloyed powder prepared in example 1 was mixed with 3% by weight of ultra-fine Cr3C2The powders were mixed in a three-dimensional blender for 2 hours, mixing 100kg total weight, forming a functionalized composite powder, the raw materials and the weights charged are shown in table 13:
TABLE 13 example 1 prealloyed powder with 3% ultra-fine Cr3C2Powder compounding weight
| Raw material | EXAMPLE 1 Pre-alloyed powder | Superfine Cr3C2Powder of |
| Weight (kg) | 97 | 3 |
The mixed powders were subjected to sintering tests and the results are shown in table 14 below:
TABLE 14 indexes of detection of the mixed functional composite powders (example 7)
Example 8 preparation of FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for Diamond articles (3)
The water atomized prealloyed powder prepared in example 1 was mixed with 5% by weight of ultra-fine Cr3C2The powders were mixed in a three-dimensional blender for 2 hours, mixing 100kg total weight, forming a functionalized composite powder, the raw materials and the weights charged are shown in table 15:
TABLE 15 example 1 prealloyed powder with 5% ultra-fine Cr3C2Powder compounding weight
| Raw material | EXAMPLE 1 Pre-alloyed powder | Superfine Cr3C2Powder of |
| Weight (kg) | 95 | 5 |
The mixed powders were subjected to sintering tests and the results are shown in table 16 below:
TABLE 16 indexes of detection of the mixed functional composite powders (example 8)
Example 9 preparation of FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for Diamond articles (4)
The water atomized prealloyed powder prepared in example 3 was mixed with 3% by weight of ultra-fine Mo2Powder C was mixed in a three-dimensional blender for 2 hours, mixing 100kg total weight of the blend, forming a functionalized composite powder, the raw materials and the weight of the charge are shown in Table 17:
TABLE 17 example 3 Pre-alloyed powder with 3% ultra-fine Mo2C powder mixing weight
| Raw material | EXAMPLE 3 Pre-alloyed powder | Superfine Mo2C powder |
| Weight (kg) | 97 | 3 |
The mixed powders were subjected to sintering tests and the results are shown in table 18 below:
TABLE 18 indexes of detection of the mixed functional composite powders (example 8)
Example 10 preparation of FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for Diamond articles (5)
The water atomized prealloyed powder prepared in example 4 was mixed with 0.5% by weight of ultra-fine Cr3C2Powder and 0.5% by weight of ultra-fine Mo2Powder C was mixed in a three-dimensional blender for 2 hours, mixing 100kg total weight, forming a functionalized composite powder, the raw materials and the charged weight are shown in Table 19:
TABLE 19 example 4 Pre-alloyed powder with ultra-fine Cr3C2And Mo2C powder mixing weight
| Raw material | EXAMPLE 4 Pre-alloyed powder | Superfine Cr3C2Powder of | Superfine Mo2C powder |
| Weight (kg) | 99 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
The mixed powders were subjected to sintering tests and the results are shown in table 20 below:
TABLE 20 indexes of detection of the mixed functional composite powders (example 8)
Example 11 application of FeCuNiSn alloy powder (1)
The functional combined powder prepared in example 7 is sintered to prepare a granite dry-cut small saw blade with the diameter of 110mm, and the formula of the saw blade is as follows: 75% of the mixed powder prepared in example 7, 20% of electrolytic Cu powder, and 5% of Sn powder were prepared by hot-pressing and sintering diamond having a particle size of 40/45 mesh, a strength of D60, and a volume concentration of 9% in a bell jar furnace having a reducing atmosphere at 840 ℃. The medium-hard granite board with the dry cutting thickness of 1.7cm and the Mohs hardness of 6-8 is stably cut continuously, the cutting speed can reach 1.36 m/min, the speed of similar products is usually 0.9-1.1 m/min, the sharpness of the product is improved by more than 20% compared with the sharpness of the similar products, particularly, the continuous cutting saw blade can always keep stable sharpness without cutting attenuation, and the practical engineering application requirements can be well met. The cutting life of the saw blade is 108 meters, and the level of similar products is also achieved.
Example 12 application of FeCuNiSn alloy powder (2)
Preparing a granite saw blade with the middle diameter of phi 350mm by adopting the functionalized mixed powder prepared in the embodiment 8 and hot-pressing and sintering, wherein the specification of a saw blade bit is 40mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 3.2mm, the formula of the bit is 83% of the mixed powder prepared in the embodiment 8, 15% of electrolytic Cu powder and 2% of Sn powder, and the sintering temperature is 830 ℃; the method comprises the steps of continuously wet-cutting a granite plate with the thickness of 2.5cm and the Mohs hardness of 7-8.5 on an automatic bridge type cutting machine by using diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes, the strength of D60 and the volume concentration of 25%. The cutting speed of the saw blade can reach 6.5-7.8 m/min, the sharpness is improved by more than 18% compared with that of a similar product of 5.0-5.5 m/min, and the effect that the product has an obvious effect of improving the sharpness of the saw blade is reflected. The cutting life of the saw blade is 230 meters, and the service life of the saw blade is prolonged by more than 15% compared with that of a similar product of 170-200 meters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder for the diamond product is characterized by comprising 41-51% of Fe, 40-43% of Cu, 5-8% of Ni and 4-8% of Sn in parts by weight.
2. A method of making a Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder for diamond articles of claim 1, having the steps of: sequentially adding Fe, Ni, Cu and Sn into a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, performing electric smelting, deoxidizing by adding carbon powder, adjusting the superheat degree of molten steel to be 150-200 ℃, pouring into a tundish, crushing a liquid flow column formed after the molten steel passes through a ladle bottom hole leakage by high-pressure water, atomizing into powder under the condition of filling nitrogen gas, dehydrating the powder after atomization by vacuum filtration, drying in a drying box for 3-8 hours, reducing by using mixed hydrogen and nitrogen, screening the reduced powder, and fully mixing the screened material in a powder batch machine to obtain the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloying powder.
3. The method for preparing Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component prealloyed powder for diamond products according to claim 2, characterized in that the reduction of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is carried out in a stepping pusher-type reduction furnace, the reduction temperature is 600 to 750 ℃, the pusher amount is 5 to 10 kg/boat, and the pusher speed is 5 to 10 minutes/boat; the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas accounts for 75 percent of the volume ratio of the hydrogen.
4. A FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond products comprises Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder and superfine additive powder; it is characterized in that the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloying powder comprises 41-51 wt% of Fe and 40-E43% of Cu, 5% -8% of Ni and 4% -8% of Sn; the superfine additive powder is Cr3C2Or/and Mo2The dosage of the C powder is 1 to 5 percent of the total weight of the FeCuNiSn alloy powder.
5. FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond products according to claim 4, wherein the ultrafine additive powder has a particle size of 2 to 4 μm.
6. FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for diamond articles according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the Cr is3C2And Mo2C, Cr by weight3C2More than or equal to 0.2 percent of the total weight of FeCuNiSn alloy powder and the balance of Mo2C。
7. A method for preparing FeCuNiSn-based alloy powder for a diamond article according to claim 4, comprising the steps of: sequentially adding Fe, Ni, Cu and Sn into a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, performing electric smelting, deoxidizing by adding carbon powder, pouring into a tundish when the superheat degree of molten steel is adjusted to be 150-200 ℃, crushing a liquid flow column formed after molten steel passes through a ladle bottom hole leakage by high-pressure water, atomizing into powder under the condition of filling nitrogen gas, dehydrating the powder after atomization by vacuum filtration, drying in a drying box for 3-8 hours, reducing by using mixed hydrogen and nitrogen, sieving the reduced powder by using a screen, and putting the sieved powder into a powder batch machine for fully mixing to obtain Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn prealloyed powder; adding superfine additive powder Cr3C2Or/and Mo2C is mixed evenly to obtain FeCuNiSn alloy powder.
8. The method for preparing FeCuNiSn alloy powder for a diamond product according to claim 7, wherein the reduction with the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is carried out in a stepped pusher-type reduction furnace at a reduction temperature of 600 to 750 ℃ in a pusher amount of 5 to 10 kg/boat at a pusher speed of 5 to 10 minutes/boat; the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas accounts for 75 percent of the volume ratio of the hydrogen.
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