CN116369020B - Intelligent irrigation management system and method based on environment monitoring technology - Google Patents
Intelligent irrigation management system and method based on environment monitoring technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
- G01J5/485—Temperature profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/30—Noise filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/34—Smoothing or thinning of the pattern; Morphological operations; Skeletonisation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
- G06V10/46—Descriptors for shape, contour or point-related descriptors, e.g. scale invariant feature transform [SIFT] or bags of words [BoW]; Salient regional features
- G06V10/467—Encoded features or binary features, e.g. local binary patterns [LBP]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/10—Terrestrial scenes
- G06V20/188—Vegetation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent irrigation management system based on an environment monitoring technology, which relates to the field of intelligent irrigation, and comprises the following components: the system comprises an environment monitoring module, a pipeline management module, a reaction management module and an irrigation management module; the environment monitoring module is used for collecting and monitoring the growth environment of crop plants through a sensor; the pipeline management module controls the switch of each water outlet valve to dynamically generate a water delivery line; the reaction management unit generates water and fertilizer for irrigation, and the irrigation management module is used for controlling an irrigation nozzle to irrigate; the invention improves the quick refreshing of the thermal imaging graph, avoids the corrosion of the water-fertilizer solution to the long-distance pipeline, uses the long-distance water pipeline for circularly controlling the temperature of the planting area, maintains the temperature steady state of the crop plant growing environment, and improves the processing speed of the abnormal temperature area; the water-fertilizer solution dissolution speed is improved, the reasonable coordination of heat is realized through heat transfer, and the efficient energy-saving irrigation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent irrigation, in particular to an intelligent irrigation management system and method based on an environment monitoring technology.
Background
The environmental monitoring is an activity of monitoring and measuring the environmental quality condition, and monitoring and measuring the index reflecting the environmental quality to determine the environmental quality and environmental pollution condition, the monitoring method comprises the steps of monitoring physical indexes, monitoring chemical indexes and monitoring the whole ecological system, and the current environmental problem is obtained through the monitoring of the environmental quality, so that data support is provided for subsequent environmental management;
in the agricultural environment, monitoring certain indexes of the quality of the agricultural environment continuously or discontinuously, taking the harm of pollutants and agricultural organisms in the agricultural environment as monitoring key points, timely and accurately reflecting the quality condition of the agricultural environment and the change rule and development trend thereof, and providing scientific basis for the management of the agricultural environment; agricultural environment monitoring can be divided into conventional monitoring, emergency monitoring and research monitoring so as to meet the requirements of different monitoring targets;
wisdom irrigates and is the automatic irrigation system of intelligence, modes such as automatic control sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation and infiltrating irrigation, wisdom irrigates through accurate control irrigation process, realizes the high-efficient accurate irrigation to the plant, has guaranteed the irrigation effect, has greatly practiced thrift the agricultural resource simultaneously, has improved the utilization efficiency to the water resource, has reduced the liquid manure pollution, has liberated the labour through intelligent mechanical integrated automation simultaneously, has realized the reconfiguration to the manpower resources.
The utility model discloses an agricultural liquid such as many utilization pipeline transportation water and liquid manure of wisdom irrigation has guaranteed the purity of resource in sealed pipeline, has reduced the evaporation simultaneously, has promoted efficiency and the effect of irrigation effectively, but infrastructure construction period such as the pipe laying is long, and the utilization ratio is low, and the maintenance degree of difficulty is big, needs reasonable planning, reduces the degree of difficulty of operation maintenance to fully discover the pipeline effect, improve the multiplexing efficiency of pipeline, through the hydrologic cycle regulation and control temperature function of discovery pipeline, improve the utilization ratio of facilities such as pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent irrigation management system and method based on an environment monitoring technology, which solve the problems in the background technology, obtain the temperature of a local area of a plant by monitoring the growth environment of the plant of the crop, control the temperature by water circulation and irrigate by using circulating water.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system and a method for intelligent irrigation management based on environmental monitoring technology, the system comprises: the system comprises an environment monitoring module, a pipeline management module, a reaction management module and an irrigation management module;
the environment monitoring module collects the growth environment of crop plants through a sensor, monitors the environmental change, generates an environment quality index and comprehensively studies and judges the environment; the pipeline management module is used for setting a laying line of a pipeline, controlling the switch of each water outlet valve, dynamically generating a water delivery line and controlling the farmland temperature; the reaction management unit is used for controlling circulating water to enter the reaction chamber for reaction to generate water and fertilizer for irrigation, the irrigation management module is used for controlling the irrigation nozzle to irrigate, setting specific requirements of irrigation and generating irrigation records;
the crop plant growth environment is accurately monitored, particularly, different plants in different areas are monitored and managed, and according to actual conditions, the regional plant growth environment is pertinently optimized, and cultivation management of the plants is refined; the utilization efficiency of the pipeline is improved, the pipeline is only used for transporting pure water resources, water and fertilizer are fused in the reaction chamber, the water and fertilizer are transported separately from the pure water, corrosion to the long transportation pipeline is reduced, meanwhile, the water circulation is utilized to control the temperature of the local abnormal temperature area, so that the temperature of the abnormal area is quickly restored to the proper growth temperature of plants, an irrigation spray head valve is opened according to an irrigation task, circulating water with proper temperature is placed in the reaction chamber, and the water are fully mixed, so that the heat of the circulating water is fully utilized, and the reaction effect is improved; aiming at different irrigation tasks, an irrigation strategy is set, so that the irrigation strategy is closer to the growth condition of plants, and meets the irrigation requirement.
Further, the environment monitoring module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a humidity monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit and a weather monitoring unit; the temperature monitoring unit captures the temperature of each area of a farmland through a thermal imaging graph, generates an area temperature graph, obtains temperature difference data of different areas, acquires humidity indexes of surrounding environments by reading humidity sensor data, respectively sets the humidity indexes above the farmland area and in a farmland planting area, respectively monitors humidity in air and humidity in a plant environment, respectively records humidity data of the two environments, is used for dividing soil into different types according to soil properties, determines irrigation modes of the soil according to the soil properties, and is used for acquiring weather related information by connecting a weather forecast interface, making early warning on extreme weather conditions and prompting workers to carry out extreme weather protection work;
further, the pipeline management module comprises a pipeline laying unit, a valve management unit, a path generation unit and a temperature control unit; the pipeline laying unit is used for designing a pipeline laid and the depth of pipeline laying, changing the pre-buried depth and the pipeline of the pipeline according to the field condition, selecting proper places to set water outlet valves of the pipeline, managing all the valves by the valve management unit, electrically controlling the opening and closing of the valves, forming different water pipelines by opening and closing different valves, measuring local area temperature variables by using system calculation force by the path generation unit, making optimal path selection, carrying out water circulation treatment on local abnormal temperature conditions, and calculating water temperature according to the path by the temperature control unit and controlling the water outlet flow and setting the times of water circulation;
further, the reaction management module comprises a water temperature detection unit, a fertilizer management unit and a reaction management unit; the water temperature detection unit detects the water temperature in the circulating pipeline, selects proper water and fertilizer substances to enter the reaction chamber for mixing reaction to generate water and fertilizer solutions, the solubility of different water and fertilizer substances is different at different temperatures, the solution with the proper water temperature is selected to help to promote the water and fertilizer dissolution effect, and the fertilizer management unit is used for managing solid water and fertilizer element substances in the storage chamber and controlling the quantity of the water and fertilizer element substances entering the reaction chamber; the reaction management unit is used for managing the dissolution reaction of the water and fertilizer solution in the reaction chamber, controlling the dissolution condition and the dissolution time, improving the dissolution efficiency of the water and fertilizer solution by utilizing the heat brought by water circulation, and reducing the time required by dissolution;
further, the irrigation management module comprises a task receiving unit, an irrigation strategy unit, an irrigation monitoring unit and an irrigation metering unit; the system comprises a task receiving unit, a monitoring unit, a sensor and a task processing unit, wherein the task receiving unit is used for receiving an irrigation task, the irrigation task comprises irrigation quantity, an irrigation object, irrigation time, an irrigation area, irrigation water and fertilizer types and irrigation mode data when the irrigation task is issued, the task receiving unit converts the irrigation quantity, the irrigation object, the irrigation time, the irrigation area, the irrigation water and fertilizer types and the irrigation mode data into corresponding signal formats, the irrigation strategy unit selects proper irrigation spray heads to carry out irrigation work according to the irrigation task, the monitoring unit monitors the operation condition of the irrigation spray heads through the camera, if the water yield of the spray heads is abnormal, the abnormal throwing is carried out, the irrigation metering unit meters the total irrigation quantity through a flow sensor arranged on the spray heads, compares the irrigation quantity with the irrigation quantity issued by the task, compares the completion degree of the task, judges whether secondary irrigation is needed according to the sensor irrigation data, and meets the requirement irrigation quantity of the task.
An intelligent irrigation management method based on an environment monitoring technology comprises the following steps:
s1, generating a thermal imaging diagram, and monitoring local abnormal temperature conditions;
s2, selecting a valve to open and close, and planning a path passing through an abnormal temperature region;
s3, monitoring the temperature of the discharged water, performing water circulation temperature control, calculating local passing flow, monitoring water temperature change, and updating a region thermal imaging map;
s4, performing a reaction by using circulating water, selecting microelements and a reaction chamber to perform a reaction to generate a water-fertilizer solution, and irrigating by using the water-fertilizer solution;
further, in step S1, the planting area is monitored to obtain an image, and the image is processed to generate a thermal imaging map, so as to obtain temperatures of different areas; erecting an infrared camera with high refresh rate, dynamically adjusting a monitoring range, covering the whole planting area, obtaining images of different areas, digitally processing the images, and intuitively obtaining the temperature in the planting area and the difference of the temperatures of the different areas in the planting area; after an original image shot by an infrared camera is obtained, the original image is digitized into a black-white thermal image, and then the black-white thermal image is converted into color corresponding to temperature according to a gray-temperature conversion table by utilizing color coding, so that the contrast ratio is enhanced; after the color thermal imaging image is obtained by processing, image noise is eliminated by adopting two-dimensional median filtering, the characteristics of the image are highlighted, spots in the color thermal image are eliminated, the two-dimensional median filtering is used for simply sorting and taking the median, the time complexity is low, the processing speed is improved, a cross filtering window is adopted, and the filtering function is that
P E (m,n)＝M{P F (m,n),P F (m,n-1),P F (m,n+1),P F (m-1,n),P F (m+1,n)}
P E (m, n) is the pre-processing image function, P F (M, n) is a processed image function, M represents taking the window median, and filtering the image multiple times until the output is no longer changed, smoothing the image;
after the image is processed, a thermal imaging image is obtained, the temperature performance in the planting area is visually displayed on the thermal imaging image, the image size needs to be compressed based on the transmission requirement, the real-time performance of the transmission is improved, the image is compressed by utilizing dynamic Huffman coding, and the image data is transmitted to a system through a 5G base station;
further, in step S2, based on the thermal imaging diagram, detecting a temperature anomaly region, marking a position of the temperature anomaly region and a real-time temperature, designing a shortest path passing through the temperature anomaly region, and controlling opening and closing of a valve to realize path planning; due to the reasons of air temperature, position, regional backlight or direct sunlight, the respiration and transpiration of plants are different, the local ambient temperatures of different regions are different, and the temperatures of partial regions are higher than those of other regions, so that plants are easy to lose activity, and meanwhile, the evaporation of water is accelerated, so that the yield is reduced; the effects of temperature reduction, temperature rise and heat preservation are achieved through water circulation in paved pipelines, and path planning is carried out:
s201, after monitoring the temperature condition of the area according to the thermal imaging diagram, generating a directed sequence according to the abnormal temperature, planning a path only according to the path from a high temperature area to a low temperature area when planning the path, taking a water outlet valve as a path starting point, sequentially passing through the abnormal temperature points of the area according to the position information of the directed sequence, setting the angle as positive if an elevation angle is positive according to the length and the angle of a pipeline of each section of the route, setting the depression angle as negative, performing equivalent conversion, and converting the equivalent conversion into a weight value according to the length and the angle of the pipeline of each section of the route
Wherein R represents the weight of the section of line, oc is a proportionality coefficient, L is the length of the section of line, and θ is the pitch angle of the section of line;
s202, regarding the central position of each abnormal temperature area as an access vertex, and searching whether a vertex Pw exists for each pair of access vertices Pu and Pv so that the vertex Pu passes through Pw and then reaches Pv, wherein the path is shorter than the known path, and if the path exists, the path is updated; if the path is not shorter than the known path, no update is performed; the state transition equation can be expressed as DIS [ u ] [ v ] =DIS [ u ] [ w ] +DIS [ w ] [ v ] < DIS [ u ] [ v ], and performs path update
PATH[u][v]＝PATH[u][w]+PATH[w][v]
S203, after the shortest distance from each access vertex to the other access vertex is obtained, the paths are arranged according to the sequence of the directed sequence, and each path is spliced according to the sequence to generate the shortest path.
Further, in step S3, water circulation temperature control is performed, the flow rate is controlled, the water circulation route and time are changed through an opening and closing valve, a thermal imaging diagram is updated in real time, a region with normal temperature on the route is marked according to temperature information displayed by the latest thermal imaging diagram, a valve leading to the region with normal temperature is closed, and the route is dynamically adjusted; according to the temperature change on the thermal imaging graph, the time relation between water circulation and temperature reduction is obtained, the water circulation speed is changed by adjusting water flow, the temperature of an abnormal area is controlled to be rapidly reduced, and the adjustment method is as follows:
s301: the flow and valve opening size relationship is as follows:
f is flow, S is valve opening size, w is water pressure, ρ is liquid density, g is gravity acceleration, calculation is carried out according to a formula, and the valve opening size is controlled to control flow change;
s302: under the condition of water flow determination, within time t, according to a thermal imaging diagram, obtaining the temperature drop amplitude Tempo of the region:
C t the specific heat capacity of the soil, the numerical value is determined according to the soil type, p is the soil density, the related integration of the soil area is carried out in an abnormal temperature area, and x is calculated 1 And x 2 The upper and lower integral limits are constants, and the upper and lower integral limits are determined according to the areas of different areas; j is a constant coefficient of value that is,is the temperature dissipation speed in the soil; according to the above formula, obtaining the temperature dissipation speed in the soil under the current soil condition;
s303: resetting the water flow speed according to the planned time set by the system;
s304: according to the water flow speed, regulating the size of the valve;
further, in step S4, circulating water is used to enter the reaction chamber to dissolve trace element substances, and irrigation is performed; the water circulation takes away the heat of an abnormal temperature region, the temperature of circulating water rises, the water flow speed entering a reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution speed of substances at the corresponding temperature, the quantity of the substances entering the reaction chamber is regulated to enable the substances to be fully dissolved, a water-fertilizer solution is generated for irrigation, the water temperature is read through a valve outside the reaction chamber, if the water temperature is higher than the highest temperature required by the reaction of the substances in the reaction chamber, the valve is kept in a closed state, if the water temperature is in a temperature range required by the dissolution reaction, the rising range and time of the water temperature are judged according to the expectation of the heat captured by the water circulation at the moment, and the moment that the water temperature is closest to the optimal dissolution temperature is selected for the dissolution reaction; the formula of the water temperature change amount is as follows:
calculating the relation between the temperature rise of circulating water and time according to the current water temperature and the temperature of an abnormal temperature area in a circulating line, performing pre-judgment to obtain a water temperature change gradient, and finding the time closest to the optimal dissolution temperature in the water temperature change gradient; the valve of the reaction chamber is set to be opened at regular time, the flow entering the reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution rate of trace element substances at the corresponding temperature, and the flow calculation method is as shown in S301, an irrigation spray head is opened, and fully dissolved water and fertilizer solution is released for irrigation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the image processing speed is improved by improving the thermal imaging image processing mode, the thermal imaging image is refreshed rapidly, so that the temperature change of a planting area can be detected rapidly, a water-fertilizer solution and a water pipeline are separated, a reaction chamber is arranged, the corrosion of the water-fertilizer solution to a long-distance pipeline is avoided, the long-distance water pipeline is used for circularly controlling the temperature of the planting area, the temperature steady state of the growing environment of crop plants is maintained, the possibility that the crop plants are influenced by abnormal conditions such as high temperature, low temperature and the like to lose activity is reduced, the whole planting area is reduced, a circulating water temperature control route of the abnormal temperature area is designed, and the processing speed of the abnormal temperature area is improved; and the water absorbing heat in the pipeline enters the reaction chamber for reaction, so that the dissolving speed of the water-fertilizer solution is improved, the reasonable coordination of heat is realized through heat transfer, and the efficient energy-saving irrigation is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the module composition of an intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of steps of an intelligent irrigation management method based on the environmental monitoring technology.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1: an intelligent irrigation management system and method based on environment monitoring technology, as shown in figure 1, the management system comprises: the system comprises an environment monitoring module, a pipeline management module, a reaction management module and an irrigation management module;
the environment monitoring module collects the growth environment of crop plants through a sensor, monitors the environmental change, generates an environment quality index and comprehensively studies and judges the environment; the pipeline management module is used for setting a laying line of a pipeline, controlling the switch of each water outlet valve, dynamically generating a water delivery line and controlling the farmland temperature; the reaction management unit is used for controlling circulating water to enter the reaction chamber for reaction to generate water and fertilizer for irrigation, the irrigation management module is used for controlling the irrigation nozzle to irrigate, setting specific requirements of irrigation and generating irrigation records;
the crop plant growth environment is accurately monitored, particularly, different plants in different areas are monitored and managed, and according to actual conditions, the regional plant growth environment is pertinently optimized, and cultivation management of the plants is refined; the utilization efficiency of the pipeline is improved, the pipeline is only used for transporting pure water resources, water and fertilizer are fused in the reaction chamber, the water and fertilizer are transported separately from the pure water, corrosion to the long transportation pipeline is reduced, meanwhile, the water circulation is utilized to control the temperature of the local abnormal temperature area, so that the temperature of the abnormal area is quickly restored to the proper growth temperature of plants, an irrigation spray head valve is opened according to an irrigation task, circulating water with proper temperature is placed in the reaction chamber, and the water are fully mixed, so that the heat of the circulating water is fully utilized, and the reaction effect is improved; aiming at different irrigation tasks, an irrigation strategy is set, so that the irrigation strategy is closer to the growth condition of plants, and meets the irrigation requirement.
The environment monitoring module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a humidity monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit and a weather monitoring unit; the temperature monitoring unit captures the temperature of each area of a farmland through a thermal imaging graph, generates an area temperature graph, obtains temperature difference data of different areas, acquires humidity indexes of surrounding environments by reading humidity sensor data, respectively sets the humidity indexes above the farmland area and in a farmland planting area, respectively monitors humidity in air and humidity in a plant environment, respectively records humidity data of the two environments, is used for dividing soil into different types according to soil properties, determines irrigation modes of the soil according to the soil properties, and is used for acquiring weather related information by connecting a weather forecast interface, making early warning on extreme weather conditions and prompting workers to carry out extreme weather protection work;
the pipeline management module comprises a pipeline laying unit, a valve management unit, a path generation unit and a temperature control unit; the pipeline laying unit is used for designing a pipeline laid and the depth of pipeline laying, changing the pre-buried depth and the pipeline of the pipeline according to the field condition, selecting proper places to set water outlet valves of the pipeline, managing all the valves by the valve management unit, electrically controlling the opening and closing of the valves, forming different water pipelines by opening and closing different valves, measuring local area temperature variables by using system calculation force by the path generation unit, making optimal path selection, carrying out water circulation treatment on local abnormal temperature conditions, and calculating water temperature according to the path by the temperature control unit and controlling the water outlet flow and setting the times of water circulation;
the reaction management module comprises a water temperature detection unit, a fertilizer management unit and a reaction management unit; the water temperature detection unit detects the water temperature in the circulating pipeline, selects proper water and fertilizer substances to enter the reaction chamber for mixing reaction to generate water and fertilizer solutions, the solubility of different water and fertilizer substances is different at different temperatures, the solution with the proper water temperature is selected to help to promote the water and fertilizer dissolution effect, and the fertilizer management unit is used for managing solid water and fertilizer element substances in the storage chamber and controlling the quantity of the water and fertilizer element substances entering the reaction chamber; the reaction management unit is used for managing the dissolution reaction of the water and fertilizer solution in the reaction chamber, controlling the dissolution condition and the dissolution time, improving the dissolution efficiency of the water and fertilizer solution by utilizing the heat brought by water circulation, and reducing the time required by dissolution;
the irrigation management module comprises a task receiving unit, an irrigation strategy unit, an irrigation monitoring unit and an irrigation metering unit; the system comprises a task receiving unit, a monitoring unit, a sensor and a task processing unit, wherein the task receiving unit is used for receiving an irrigation task, the irrigation task comprises irrigation quantity, an irrigation object, irrigation time, an irrigation area, irrigation water and fertilizer types and irrigation mode data when the irrigation task is issued, the task receiving unit converts the irrigation quantity, the irrigation object, the irrigation time, the irrigation area, the irrigation water and fertilizer types and the irrigation mode data into corresponding signal formats, the irrigation strategy unit selects proper irrigation spray heads to carry out irrigation work according to the irrigation task, the monitoring unit monitors the operation condition of the irrigation spray heads through the camera, if the water yield of the spray heads is abnormal, the abnormal throwing is carried out, the irrigation metering unit meters the total irrigation quantity through a flow sensor arranged on the spray heads, compares the irrigation quantity with the irrigation quantity issued by the task, compares the completion degree of the task, judges whether secondary irrigation is needed according to the sensor irrigation data, and meets the requirement irrigation quantity of the task.
Example 2: an intelligent irrigation management method based on an environment monitoring technology, as shown in fig. 2, comprises the following steps: in step S1, monitoring a planting area to obtain an image, and processing the image to generate a thermal imaging image to obtain temperatures of different areas; erecting an infrared camera with high refresh rate, dynamically adjusting a monitoring range, covering the whole planting area, obtaining images of different areas, digitally processing the images, and intuitively obtaining the temperature in the planting area and the difference of the temperatures of the different areas in the planting area; after an original image shot by an infrared camera is obtained, the original image is digitized into a black-white thermal image, and then the black-white thermal image is converted into color corresponding to temperature according to a gray-temperature conversion table by utilizing color coding, so that the contrast ratio is enhanced; after the color thermal imaging image is obtained by processing, image noise is eliminated by adopting two-dimensional median filtering, the characteristics of the image are highlighted, spots in the color thermal image are eliminated, the two-dimensional median filtering is used for simply sorting and taking the median, the time complexity is low, the processing speed is improved, a cross filtering window is adopted, and the filtering function is that
P E (m,n)＝M{P F (m,n),P F (m,n-1),P F (m,n+1),P F (m-1,n),P F (m+1,n)}
P E (m, n) is the pre-processing image function, P F (M, n) is a processed image function, M represents taking the window median, and filtering the image multiple times until the output is no longer changed, smoothing the image;
after the image is processed, a thermal imaging image is obtained, the temperature performance in the planting area is visually displayed on the thermal imaging image, the image size needs to be compressed based on the transmission requirement, the real-time performance of the transmission is improved, the image is compressed by utilizing dynamic Huffman coding, and the image data is transmitted to a system through a 5G base station;
in step S2, based on a thermal imaging diagram, detecting a temperature abnormal region, marking the position and real-time temperature of the temperature abnormal region, designing the shortest path passing through the temperature abnormal region, and controlling the opening and closing of a valve to realize path planning; due to the reasons of air temperature, position, regional backlight or direct sunlight, the respiration and transpiration of plants are different, the local ambient temperatures of different regions are different, and the temperatures of partial regions are higher than those of other regions, so that plants are easy to lose activity, and meanwhile, the evaporation of water is accelerated, so that the yield is reduced; the effects of temperature reduction, temperature rise and heat preservation are achieved through water circulation in paved pipelines, and path planning is carried out:
s201, after monitoring the temperature condition of the area according to the thermal imaging diagram, generating a directed sequence according to the abnormal temperature, planning a path only according to the path from a high temperature area to a low temperature area when planning the path, taking a water outlet valve as a path starting point, sequentially passing through the abnormal temperature points of the area according to the position information of the directed sequence, setting the angle as positive if an elevation angle is positive according to the length and the angle of a pipeline of each section of the route, setting the depression angle as negative, performing equivalent conversion, and converting the equivalent conversion into a weight value according to the length and the angle of the pipeline of each section of the route
Wherein R represents the weight of the section of line, oc is a proportionality coefficient, L is the length of the section of line, and θ is the pitch angle of the section of line;
s202, regarding the central position of each abnormal temperature area as an access vertex, and searching whether a vertex Pw exists for each pair of access vertices Pu and Pv so that the vertex Pu passes through Pw and then reaches Pv, wherein the path is shorter than the known path, and if the path exists, the path is updated; if the path is not shorter than the known path, no update is performed; the state transition equation can be expressed as DIS [ u ] [ v ] =DIS [ u ] [ w ] +DIS [ w ] [ v ] < DIS [ u ] [ v ], and performs path update
PATH[u][v]＝PATH[u][w]+PATH[w][v]
S203, after the shortest distance from each access vertex to the other access vertex is obtained, the paths are arranged according to the sequence of the directed sequence, and each path is spliced according to the sequence to generate the shortest path.
In step S3, water circulation temperature control is carried out, the flow rate is controlled, the water circulation route and time are changed through an opening and closing valve, a thermal imaging diagram is updated in real time, a region with normal temperature on the route is marked according to temperature information displayed by the latest thermal imaging diagram, a valve leading to the region with normal temperature is closed, and the route is dynamically adjusted; according to the temperature change on the thermal imaging graph, the time relation between water circulation and temperature reduction is obtained, the water circulation speed is changed by adjusting water flow, the temperature of an abnormal area is controlled to be rapidly reduced, and the adjustment method is as follows:
s301: the flow and valve opening size relationship is as follows:
f is flow, S is valve opening size, w is water pressure, ρ is liquid density, g is gravity acceleration, calculation is carried out according to a formula, and the valve opening size is controlled to control flow change;
s302: under the condition of water flow determination, within time t, according to a thermal imaging diagram, obtaining the temperature drop amplitude Tempo of the region:
C t the specific heat capacity of the soil, the numerical value is determined according to the soil type, p is the soil density, the related integration of the soil area is carried out in an abnormal temperature area, and x is calculated 1 And x 2 The upper and lower integral limits are constants, and the upper and lower integral limits are determined according to the areas of different areas; j is a constant coefficient of value that is,is the temperature dissipation speed in the soil; according to the above formula, obtaining the temperature dissipation speed in the soil under the current soil condition;
s303: resetting the water flow speed according to the planned time set by the system; the planning time set by the system is Tsys, the required descending amplitude reaches Tesys, and a specific numerical value is brought into a formula S302 to be calculated, so that the required water flow speed is obtained;
s304: according to the water flow speed, regulating the size of the valve;
in the same way, in step S3, the normalized water circulation temperature control operation can be started in low temperature weather in winter and high temperature weather in summer, and the temperature monitoring control of the whole area is performed to optimize the living environment of the crop plants.
In the step S4, circulating water enters a reaction chamber to dissolve trace element substances, and irrigation is carried out; the water circulation takes away the heat of an abnormal temperature region, the temperature of circulating water rises, the water flow speed entering a reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution speed of substances at the corresponding temperature, the quantity of the substances entering the reaction chamber is regulated to enable the substances to be fully dissolved, a water-fertilizer solution is generated for irrigation, the water temperature is read through a valve outside the reaction chamber, if the water temperature is higher than the highest temperature required by the reaction of the substances in the reaction chamber, the valve is kept in a closed state, if the water temperature is in a temperature range required by the dissolution reaction, the rising range and time of the water temperature are judged according to the expectation of the heat captured by the water circulation at the moment, and the moment that the water temperature is closest to the optimal dissolution temperature is selected for the dissolution reaction; the formula of the water temperature change amount is as follows:
calculating the relation between the temperature rise of circulating water and time according to the current water temperature and the temperature of an abnormal temperature area in a circulating line, performing pre-judgment to obtain a water temperature change gradient, and finding the time closest to the optimal dissolution temperature in the water temperature change gradient; the valve of the reaction chamber is set to be opened at regular time, the flow entering the reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution rate of trace element substances at the corresponding temperature, and the flow calculation method is as shown in S301, an irrigation spray head is opened, and fully dissolved water and fertilizer solution is released for irrigation.
Example 3:
in step S3, water circulation temperature control is carried out, the flow rate is controlled, the water circulation route and time are changed through an opening and closing valve, a thermal imaging diagram is updated in real time, a region with normal temperature on the route is marked according to temperature information displayed by the latest thermal imaging diagram, a valve leading to the region with normal temperature is closed, and the route is dynamically adjusted; according to the temperature change on the thermal imaging graph, the time relation between water circulation and temperature reduction is obtained, the water circulation speed is changed by adjusting water flow, the temperature of an abnormal area is controlled to be rapidly reduced, and the adjustment method is as follows:
the valve opening size S is 6.28
The flow and valve opening size relationship is as follows:
s302: under the condition of water flow determination, within 5 minutes, according to a thermal imaging diagram, the temperature drop amplitude of the region is 2 degrees:
is the temperature dissipation speed in the soil; according to the above formula, the temperature dissipation speed in the soil under the current soil condition can be obtained;
s303: resetting the water flow speed according to the planned time set by the system; the total planning time set by the system is 2.5 minutes, the required descending amplitude reaches 3, and a specific numerical value is brought into an S302 formula to be calculated, so that the required water flow speed 144.3 is obtained;
s304: the valve size was adjusted to 18.84 according to the water flow rate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent irrigation management method based on an environment monitoring technology comprises the following steps:
s1, generating a thermal imaging diagram, and monitoring local abnormal temperature conditions;
s2, selecting a valve to open and close, and planning a path passing through an abnormal temperature region;
s3, monitoring the temperature of the discharged water, performing water circulation temperature control, calculating local passing flow, monitoring water temperature change, and updating a region thermal imaging map;
s4, performing a reaction by using circulating water, selecting microelements and a reaction chamber to perform a reaction to generate a water-fertilizer solution, and irrigating by using the water-fertilizer solution;
in step S2, based on a thermal imaging diagram, detecting a temperature abnormal region, marking the position and real-time temperature of the temperature abnormal region, designing the shortest path passing through the temperature abnormal region, and controlling the opening and closing of a valve to realize path planning;
s201, after monitoring the temperature condition of the area according to the thermal imaging diagram, generating a directed sequence according to the abnormal temperature, planning a path according to the path of the high-temperature area flowing to the low-temperature area when planning the path, taking a water outlet valve as a path starting point, sequentially passing through the area temperature according to the position information of the directed sequence, setting the angle as positive according to the pipe length and the angle of each section of the path, setting the depression angle as negative if the elevation angle is positive, carrying out equivalent conversion, converting the length equivalent to the length of a plane into a weight value,；
where R represents the weight of the segment of the route,is a proportionality coefficient, L is the length of the route of the segment, obtained by fitting>Is the pitch angle of the section of route;
s202, regarding the central position of each abnormal temperature area as an access vertex, and searching whether a vertex Pw exists for each pair of access vertices Pu and Pv so that the vertex Pu passes through the Pw and then reaches the Pv, wherein the formed path is shorter than the known path, and if the path exists, the path is updated; if the path is not shorter than the known path, no update is performed;
s203, after obtaining the shortest distance from each access vertex to the other access vertex, arranging paths according to the sequence of the directed sequence, and splicing each section of paths according to the sequence to generate the shortest path;
in the step S4, circulating water enters a reaction chamber to dissolve trace element substances, and irrigation is carried out; the water circulation takes away the heat of an abnormal temperature region, the temperature of circulating water rises, the water flow speed entering a reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution speed of substances at the corresponding temperature, the quantity of the substances entering the reaction chamber is regulated to enable the substances to be fully dissolved, a water-fertilizer solution is generated for irrigation, the water temperature is read through a valve outside the reaction chamber, if the water temperature is higher than the highest temperature required by the reaction of the substances in the reaction chamber, the valve is kept in a closed state, if the water temperature is in a temperature range required by the dissolution reaction, the rising range and time of the water temperature are judged according to the expectation of the heat captured by the water circulation at the moment, and the moment that the water temperature is closest to the optimal dissolution temperature is selected for the dissolution reaction; the formula of the water temperature change amount is as follows:；
calculating the relation between the temperature rise of circulating water and time according to the current water temperature and the temperature of an abnormal temperature area in a circulating line, performing pre-judgment to obtain a water temperature change gradient, and finding the time closest to the optimal dissolution temperature in the water temperature change gradient; the valve of the reaction chamber is set to be opened at regular time, the flow entering the reaction chamber is controlled according to the dissolution rate of trace element substances at the corresponding temperature, and the irrigation spray head is opened to release fully dissolved water and fertilizer solution for irrigation.
2. The intelligent irrigation management method based on the environment monitoring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, monitoring a planting area to obtain an image, and processing the image to generate a thermal imaging image to obtain temperatures of different areas; erecting an infrared camera, dynamically adjusting a monitoring range, covering the whole planting area, obtaining images of different areas, and digitally processing the images to obtain the temperature in the planting area and the difference of the temperatures of the different areas in the planting area; after an original image shot by an infrared camera is obtained, the original image is digitized into a black-white thermal image, and then the black-white thermal image is converted into color corresponding to temperature according to a gray-temperature conversion table by utilizing color coding, so that the contrast ratio is enhanced; after the color thermal imaging image is obtained through processing, image noise is eliminated by adopting two-dimensional median filtering, the characteristics of the image are highlighted, and spots in the color thermal image are eliminated;
and processing the image to obtain a thermal imaging image, visually displaying the temperature performance in the planting area on the thermal imaging image, compressing the image by utilizing dynamic Huffman coding, and transmitting the image data to a system through a 5G base station.
3. The intelligent irrigation management method based on the environment monitoring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, water circulation temperature control is carried out, the flow rate is controlled, the water circulation route and time are changed through an opening and closing valve, a thermal imaging diagram is updated in real time, a region with normal temperature on the route is marked according to temperature information displayed by the latest thermal imaging diagram, a valve leading to the region with normal temperature is closed, and the route is dynamically adjusted; according to the temperature change on the thermal imaging graph, the time relation between water circulation and temperature reduction is obtained, the water circulation speed is changed by adjusting water flow, the temperature of an abnormal area is controlled to be rapidly reduced, and the adjustment method is as follows:
s301: the flow and valve opening size relationship is as follows:
；
f is flow, S is valve opening size, w is water pressure,the liquid density, g is the gravity acceleration, the liquid density is calculated according to the formula, and the opening size of the valve is controlled to control the flow change;
s302: under the condition of water flow determination, within time t, according to a thermal imaging diagram, obtaining the temperature drop amplitude Tempo of the region:
；
is the specific heat capacity of the soil, a numerical value is determined according to the soil type, p is the soil density, and the relevant integration of the soil area is carried out in an abnormal temperature area, +_>And->The upper and lower integral limits are constants, and the upper and lower integral limits are determined according to the areas of different areas; j is a constant,>is the temperature dissipation speed in the soil; according to the above formula, obtaining the temperature dissipation speed in the soil under the current soil condition;
s303: resetting the water flow speed according to the planned time set by the system;
s304: and adjusting the size of the valve according to the water flow speed.
4. An intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology, applying the intelligent irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring technology as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the management system includes: the system comprises an environment monitoring module, a pipeline management module, a reaction management module and an irrigation management module;
the environment monitoring module collects the growth environment of crop plants through a sensor, monitors the environmental change, generates an environment quality index and comprehensively studies and judges the environment; the pipeline management module is used for setting a laying line of a pipeline, controlling the switch of each water outlet valve, dynamically generating a water delivery line and controlling the farmland temperature; the reaction management module is used for controlling circulating water to enter the reaction chamber for reaction to generate water and fertilizer for irrigation, and the irrigation management module is used for controlling the irrigation spray head for irrigation, setting specific irrigation requirements and generating irrigation records.
5. The intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology of claim 4, wherein: the environment monitoring module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a humidity monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit and a weather monitoring unit; the temperature monitoring unit captures the temperature of each region of a farmland through a thermal imaging graph, a region temperature graph is generated, temperature difference data of different regions are obtained, the humidity monitoring unit acquires humidity indexes of surrounding environments through reading humidity sensor data, humidity sensors are respectively arranged above the farmland region and in a farmland planting region, humidity in air and humidity in a plant environment are respectively monitored, humidity data of the two environments are respectively recorded, the soil monitoring unit divides soil into different types according to soil properties, irrigation modes of the soil are determined according to the soil properties, the weather monitoring unit is connected with a weather forecast interface to acquire weather related information and make early warning on extreme weather conditions, and workers are prompted to conduct extreme weather protection work.
6. The intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology of claim 4, wherein: the pipeline management module comprises a pipeline laying unit, a valve management unit, a path generation unit and a temperature control unit; the pipeline laying unit is used for designing a pipeline laid and the depth of pipeline laying, changing the pre-buried depth and the pipeline of the pipeline according to the on-site situation, selecting proper places to set water outlet valves of the pipeline, managing all valves by the valve management unit, electrically controlling the opening and closing of the valves, forming different water delivery pipelines by opening and closing different valves, utilizing system calculation force by the path generation unit, measuring local area temperature variable, making optimal path selection, carrying out water circulation treatment on local abnormal temperature situation, managing a temperature control chamber of the total water outlet valve by the temperature control unit, calculating water temperature according to the path, controlling water outlet flow and setting the times of water circulation.
7. The intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology of claim 4, wherein: the reaction management module comprises a water temperature detection unit, a fertilizer management unit and a reaction management unit; the water temperature detection unit detects the water temperature in the circulating pipeline, selects proper water and fertilizer substances to enter the reaction chamber for mixing reaction to generate a water and fertilizer solution, and the fertilizer management unit is used for managing solid water and fertilizer element substances in the storage chamber and controlling the quantity of the water and fertilizer element substances entering the reaction chamber; the reaction management unit is used for managing the water and fertilizer solution dissolution reaction in the reaction chamber and controlling the dissolution conditions and the dissolution time.
8. The intelligent irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring technology of claim 4, wherein: the irrigation management module comprises a task receiving unit, an irrigation strategy unit, an irrigation monitoring unit and an irrigation metering unit; the system comprises a task receiving unit, an irrigation strategy unit, an irrigation monitoring unit, a sensor and a sensor, wherein the task receiving unit is used for receiving an irrigation task, the irrigation task comprises irrigation quantity, an irrigation object, irrigation time, an irrigation area, irrigation water and fertilizer types and irrigation mode data when the irrigation task is issued, the task receiving unit converts the irrigation quantity, the irrigation object, the irrigation time, the irrigation area, the irrigation water and fertilizer types and the irrigation mode data into corresponding signal formats, the irrigation strategy unit selects proper irrigation spray heads to carry out irrigation work according to the irrigation task, the irrigation monitoring unit monitors the operation condition of the irrigation spray heads through the camera, if the water yield of the spray heads is abnormal, abnormal throwing is carried out, the irrigation metering unit meters the total irrigation quantity through a flow sensor arranged on the spray heads, compares the irrigation quantity with the irrigation quantity issued by the task, compares the completion degree of the task, and judges whether secondary irrigation is needed according to the sensor irrigation data.
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