CN116354457B - Sea water desalination assembly and sea water desalination system - Google Patents
Sea water desalination assembly and sea water desalination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116354457B CN116354457B CN202310245135.3A CN202310245135A CN116354457B CN 116354457 B CN116354457 B CN 116354457B CN 202310245135 A CN202310245135 A CN 202310245135A CN 116354457 B CN116354457 B CN 116354457B
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a seawater desalination system, which comprises a drainage pipeline, a recovery assembly, a filtering assembly and a seawater desalination assembly, wherein the drainage pipeline, the recovery assembly and the filtering assembly are arranged on a ship body; the drainage pipeline comprises a drainage pipe and a recovery pipe; the drainage tube is arranged along the water flow direction, one end of the drainage tube is filled with water, the other end of the drainage tube is discharged, and a first valve is arranged; the bottom end of the recovery pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the recovery pipe; the recovery component comprises an air chamber, an energy-absorbing piston, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the energy-absorbing piston is arranged in the air chamber and is divided into an energy-absorbing cavity and an energy-supplying cavity, the energy-absorbing cavity is communicated with the top end of the recovery pipe, the energy-supplying cavity is communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is externally connected with the air collecting cylinder; the filtering component is provided with a filtering water inlet and a filtering water outlet which are externally connected with seawater; the desalination water inlet of the sea water desalination assembly is communicated with the filtration water outlet of the filtration assembly; the power cavity of the sea water desalination assembly is communicated with the gas collecting bottle, and the gas collecting bottle is used as the power cavity to improve high-pressure gas. The invention utilizes the kinetic energy of water to realize the sea water desalination treatment process, thereby effectively saving energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sea water desalination, in particular to a sea water desalination assembly and a sea water desalination system.
Background
Fresh water resources are indispensable substances for ocean navigation, and the problem of water consumption of middle and large ocean vessels is generally solved by installing a sea water desalting device. The reverse osmosis method is the main method for desalting marine seawater at present, but the reverse osmosis method has the problem of high energy consumption.
In particular, the existing reverse osmosis seawater desalination plants require the consumption of electrical energy or oil to drive the engine, thereby utilizing a high pressure pump to generate high pressure gas to provide the required operating conditions for the reverse osmosis membrane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a sea water desalination assembly and a sea water desalination system, wherein the system utilizes the kinetic energy of water in the ship body to prepare high-pressure gas, thereby realizing the recovery process of the kinetic energy of water, and the high-pressure gas is used as a power source in the treatment process of the sea water desalination assembly, so that the energy is effectively saved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a seawater desalination assembly, which comprises a desalination cylinder, a desalination piston and a desalination unit; the desalting piston is arranged in the desalting cylinder, is in sliding and sealing connection with the desalting cylinder, and divides the interior of the desalting cylinder into a desalting cavity and a power cavity; the top of the desalination cavity is provided with a desalination water inlet, and the bottom of the desalination cavity is externally connected with a sea water outlet; the desalination unit is arranged in the desalination cavity, and the inside of the desalination unit is externally connected with a fresh water outlet; the power cavity is communicated with high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is used as a power source.
In the scheme, the desalting cylinder is provided with an exhaust port communicated with the power cavity, and an exhaust valve is arranged at the exhaust port.
In the scheme, the desalting unit comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel and a desalting membrane; the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder, the desalination membrane is wound in an annular gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, through holes are formed in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the inner cylinder is externally connected with a fresh water outlet communicated with the inner part of the inner cylinder.
In the above scheme, the sea water desalination assembly further comprises a back flushing piece, the back flushing piece comprises a back flushing piston, the back flushing piston is arranged in the inner cylinder and is in sliding and sealing connection with the inner cylinder, the back flushing piston divides the inner part of the inner cylinder into a first cavity and a second cavity from top to bottom, the first cavity is communicated with high-pressure gas, and the second cavity is communicated with the fresh water outlet.
In the scheme, the back flushing piece further comprises a fixed block, a sliding groove is formed in the fixed block, a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the desalination piston, and the limiting rod is in sliding connection with the sliding groove.
The invention also provides a seawater desalination system, which comprises a drainage pipeline, a recovery assembly, a filtering assembly and the seawater desalination assembly, wherein the drainage pipeline is arranged on a ship body; the drainage pipeline comprises a drainage tube and a recovery tube; the drainage tube is arranged along the water flow direction, one end of the drainage tube is filled with water, the other end of the drainage tube is discharged with water, and a first valve is arranged; the bottom end of the recovery pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the recovery pipe; the recovery component comprises an air chamber, an energy-absorbing piston, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the energy-absorbing piston is arranged in the air chamber, is in sliding and sealing connection with the air chamber, divides the interior of the air chamber into an energy-absorbing cavity and an energy-supplying cavity, the energy-absorbing cavity is communicated with the top end of the recovery pipe, the energy-supplying cavity is communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is externally connected with an air collecting cylinder; the filtering assembly is provided with a filtering water inlet and a filtering water outlet which are externally connected with seawater and used for filtering the seawater; a desalination water inlet at the top of the desalination cavity of the sea water desalination assembly is communicated with a filtration water outlet of the filtration assembly; the power cavity of the sea water desalination assembly is communicated with the gas collecting bottle, and the gas collecting bottle is used as the power cavity to improve high-pressure gas.
In the above scheme, the drainage pipeline has a first state, a second state and a third state according to the working flow, when the drainage pipeline is in the first state, the first valve is opened, the second valve is closed, when the drainage pipeline is in the second state, the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened, and when the drainage pipeline is in the third state, the first valve is opened, the second valve is opened; and the drainage pipeline circulates between the first state and the third state.
In the above scheme, the check valves are arranged on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the flow direction of the check valve arranged on the air inlet pipe is that the outside points to the inside of the air chamber, and the flow direction of the check valve arranged on the air outlet pipe is that the inside of the air chamber points to the inside of the air chamber to set the air collecting cylinder.
In the above scheme, the water kinetic energy recovery device further comprises a cooling piece, wherein the cooling piece is arranged in the energy supply cavity; the cooling piece comprises a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is arranged in the energy supply cavity, the top end of the cooling pipe is closed and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air chamber, and the bottom end of the cooling pipe penetrates through the energy absorption cavity and extends into the recovery pipe; the cooling pipe is in sliding and sealing connection with the energy-absorbing piston.
In the above scheme, the cooling piece further comprises fins, the fins are arranged in the cooling pipes, and two sides of each fin penetrate out of the cooling pipes to the energy supply cavity respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the draft tube is arranged along the water flow direction, the draft tube moves along the ship body, water continuously enters the draft tube, the first valve is controlled to be opened, the second valve is controlled to be closed, at the moment, the sea water only flows through the draft tube, after the sea water in the draft tube reaches a certain flow rate, the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened, the high-kinetic-energy water flow in the draft tube rushes into the recovery tube and acts on the energy absorption piston in the air chamber, the energy absorption piston moves upwards, air in the energy supply cavity is extruded, high-pressure gas is formed and stored in the gas collection bottle, finally, the first valve is opened, the low-kinetic-energy water flow in the recovery tube is continuously discharged from the water outlet end of the draft tube, the high-pressure gas can be continuously obtained by repeating the steps, the high-pressure gas is introduced into the power cavity, the desalination piston can be pushed to move downwards, the sea water filtered by the filtering assembly is extruded in the desalination cavity, the fresh water permeates into the desalination unit and is discharged from the fresh water outlet, and thus the fresh water resource can be obtained. The system fully utilizes the water kinetic energy to realize the sea water desalination treatment process, and effectively saves energy.
2. The cooling piece is arranged in the energy supply cavity, the top end of the cooling piece is sealed and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air chamber, the bottom end of the cooling piece penetrates through the energy absorption cavity and extends into the recovery pipe, part of high-kinetic energy water flow continuously enters the cooling pipe and flows into the energy supply cavity along the vertical upward direction, heat exchange with air in the energy supply cavity is achieved, cooling treatment on the air in the energy supply cavity is achieved, and the service life of the energy absorption piston is prolonged.
3. The seawater desalination assembly is provided with the back flushing piece, and the back flushing piece also uses high-pressure gas in the gas collection bottle as a power source to clean the desalination membrane, so that the reverse osmosis water production efficiency is improved, and other energy consumption is not required.
4. The device has simple structure and principle and is convenient for later overhaul and maintenance.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sea water desalination system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a drainage pipeline in a first state in the seawater desalination system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the drainage pipeline in the seawater desalination system of FIG. 1 in a second state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the high kinetic energy water flow entering the cooling pipe in the sea water desalination system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the drainage pipeline in a third state in the seawater desalination system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fin mounted cooling tube of the desalination system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a filter assembly of the desalination system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a desalination assembly of the desalination system of FIG. 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the desalination unit and backwash assembly of the seawater desalination assembly of fig. 8.
In the figure: 100. a drainage pipeline; 110. a drainage tube; 111. a first valve; 120. a recovery pipe; 121. a second valve;
200. a recovery assembly; 210. a gas chamber; 211. an energy absorption cavity; 212. an energy supply cavity; 220. an energy absorbing piston; 230. an air inlet pipe; 240. an air outlet pipe; 241. a gas collecting bottle; 250. a cooling tube; 251. a fin;
300. a filter assembly; 310. filtering the water inlet; 320. filtering the water outlet; 330. a filter; 331. a partition plate; 332. a round hole; 333. a filter cartridge;
400. a sea water desalination assembly; 410. a desalting cylinder; 411. a desalination chamber; 412. a power cavity; 413. desalting the water inlet; 414. a seawater outlet; 415. a fresh water outlet; 420. a desalination piston; 421. a limit rod; 430. a desalination unit; 431. an outer cylinder; 432. an inner cylinder; 433. a desalination membrane; 434. a first cavity; 435. a second cavity; 440. a desalination joint; 450. a back flushing piece; 451. back flushing the piston; 452. a back flushing joint; 453. a fixed block; 454. and a sliding groove.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, the seawater desalination system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a drainage pipeline 100, a recovery assembly 200, a filtering assembly 300 and a seawater desalination assembly 400 mounted on a ship body. The drainage line 100 includes a drainage tube 110 and a recovery tube 120; the drainage tube 110 is arranged along the water flow direction, one end of the drainage tube 110 is filled with water, the other end of the drainage tube 110 is discharged, and a first valve 111 is arranged; the bottom end of the recovery pipe 120 is communicated with the drainage pipe 110, and a second valve 121 is installed on the recovery pipe 120. The recovery assembly 200 includes an air chamber 210, an energy absorbing piston 220, an air inlet tube 230, and an air outlet tube 240; the energy-absorbing piston 220 is arranged in the air chamber 210, and is in sliding and sealing connection with the air chamber 210, and the energy-absorbing piston 220 divides the interior of the air chamber 210 into an energy-absorbing cavity 211 and an energy-supplying cavity 212; the energy absorption cavity 211 is communicated with the top end of the recovery tube 120; the energy supply cavity 212 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 230 and the air outlet pipe 240; the air inlet pipe 230 and the air outlet pipe 240 are provided with one-way valves, and the air outlet pipe 240 is externally connected with an air collecting bottle 241. The filter assembly 300 has a filter inlet 310 and a filter outlet 320 for filtering seawater. The seawater desalination assembly 400 comprises a desalination cartridge 410, a desalination piston 420, and a desalination unit 430; the desalination piston 420 is arranged in the desalination barrel 410 and is in sliding and sealing connection with the desalination barrel 410, and the desalination piston 420 divides the interior of the desalination barrel 410 into a desalination cavity 411 and a power cavity 412; the top of the desalination cavity 411 is provided with a desalination water inlet 413 communicated with the filtration water outlet 320, and the bottom of the desalination cavity 411 is externally connected with a sea water outlet 414; the desalination unit 430 is disposed in the desalination chamber 411, the fresh water outlet 415 is externally connected to the inside of the desalination unit 430, and the power chamber 412 is connected to the gas collection cylinder 241.
In practice, by arranging the draft tube 110 along the water flow direction, since the draft tube 110 moves along the hull, water has a certain kinetic energy, water continuously enters the draft tube 110, by controlling the first valve 111 to open and the second valve 121 to close, seawater only flows through the draft tube 110 at this time, after the seawater in the draft tube 110 reaches a certain flow rate, the first valve 111 is closed, the second valve 121 is opened, and since the water outlet end of the draft tube 110 is suddenly blocked, high-kinetic energy water flow in the draft tube 110 rushes into the recovery tube 120 and acts on the energy absorbing piston 220 in the air chamber 210, the energy absorbing piston 220 moves upwards, air in the energy supplying cavity 212 is extruded, high-pressure air is formed and stored in the gas collecting bottle 241, finally the first valve 111 is opened, and the water flow in the recovery tube 120 subsequently enters the draft tube 110 is discharged from the water outlet end of the draft tube 110. The above steps are repeated to continuously obtain high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is introduced into the power chamber 412, the desalination piston 420 is pushed to move downwards, the volume of the desalination chamber 411 is reduced, the seawater filtered by the filtering assembly 300 is extruded in the desalination chamber 411, the seawater permeates into the desalination unit 430 through the desalination unit 430 and is discharged from the fresh water outlet 415, and thus fresh water resources can be obtained. The system fully utilizes the water kinetic energy to realize the sea water desalination treatment process, and effectively saves energy.
In the present invention, the drainage pipe 100 is used for drainage flow structure, and by controlling the opening and closing of the first valve 111 and the second valve 121, different flow directions of water flow in the drainage pipe 110 and the recovery pipe 120 can be realized. To achieve control of the flow direction of the water flow in the draft tube 110 and the recovery tube 120, the draft tube 100 has a first state, a second state and a third state. When the drainage pipeline 100 is in the first state, the first valve 111 is opened, the second valve 121 is closed, and at the moment, water flows only in the drainage pipe 110; when the drainage pipeline 100 is in the second state, the first valve 111 is closed, the second valve 121 is opened, and at the moment, the water flow entering the drainage pipe 110 enters the recovery pipe 120; when the drainage pipeline 100 is in the third state, the first valve 111 is opened, the second valve 121 is opened, and the water flow in the recovery pipe 120 is discharged along with the water flow in the drainage pipe 110.
Further preferably, the drainage tube 110 comprises a straight tube and an elbow, one end of the straight tube is filled with water, the other end of the straight tube is connected with one end of the elbow, the elbow is provided with a first valve 111, the other end of the elbow is discharged with water and vertically upwards, and the bottom end of the recovery tube 120 is communicated with the straight tube. With the above arrangement, when the first valve 111 is opened and the second valve 121 is closed, the water level difference principle indicates that the water flow in the recovery pipe 120 rises to the bottom of the second valve 121, so that the recovery pipe 120 is best prepared for the subsequent water flow.
Further, the recovery pipe 120 is vertically arranged, the length of the recovery pipe 120 is smaller than half of the length of the drainage pipe 110, and the overlong length of the recovery pipe 120 can be effectively avoided, and more kinetic energy of water flow entering the energy absorption cavity 211 is lost.
Further preferably, the first valve 111 and the second valve 121 may be controlled in linkage by a control system.
In the present invention, the recovery unit 200 is a structure for absorbing kinetic energy of the water flow impinging into the recovery pipe 120. To facilitate how the recovery assembly 200 absorbs the kinetic energy of the water flow, it is explained and illustrated in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2, the first valve 111 is opened (ON in the drawing), the second valve 121 is closed (off in the drawing), at this time, the external water flow enters from the water inlet end of the draft tube 110 and is discharged from the water outlet end of the draft tube 110, and at the same time, part of the water flow is split to the lower part of the recovery tube 120 located at the second valve 121, the energy absorbing piston 220 in the air chamber 210 is located at the lowest part of the air chamber 210 under the dead weight, the volume of the energy absorbing cavity 211 is minimum, the volume of the energy supplying cavity 212 is maximum, and the air pressure in the energy supplying cavity 212 is the same as the external air pressure.
As shown in fig. 3, when the flow rate of the water flow in the drainage tube 110 increases to a certain value, the first valve 111 is closed, the second valve 121 is opened, at this time, the water flow in the drainage tube 110 is pushed by the subsequent water flow entering the drainage tube 110 under the inertia force to impact into the recovery tube 120, and the energy absorbing piston 220 is pushed upwards to move upwards to the maximum stroke, at this time, the volume of the energy absorbing cavity 211 is the maximum, the volume of the energy supplying cavity 212 is the minimum, and the gas in the energy supplying cavity 212 is compressed into high-pressure gas and enters into the gas collecting bottle 241 for storage.
As shown in fig. 5, the high kinetic energy water flow in the recovery pipe 120 is changed into the low kinetic energy water flow after impacting the energy absorbing piston 220, and the low kinetic energy water flow in the recovery pipe 120 is discharged along with the subsequent water flow entering the drainage pipe 110 as the first valve 111 is opened, and meanwhile, since the air pressure in the energy supplying cavity 212 is greater than the external air pressure, the external air enters the energy supplying cavity 212 from the air inlet pipe 230 until the air pressure in the energy supplying cavity 212 is equal to the external air pressure, and the energy absorbing piston 220 moves downwards along with the low kinetic energy water flow.
The steps are repeated to continuously obtain the high-pressure gas.
Further preferably, the air inlet pipe 230 and the air outlet pipe 240 are respectively provided with a one-way valve, the flow direction of the one-way valve arranged on the air inlet pipe 230 is set up in the direction of the outside to the air chamber 210, and the flow direction of the one-way valve arranged on the air outlet pipe 240 is set up in the direction of the air chamber 210 to the air collecting cylinder 241.
Further preferably, in order to define the ascending height of the energy-absorbing piston 220, the air chamber 210 includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder which are sequentially arranged in a vertical upward direction and are communicated, the inner diameter of the first cylinder is larger than that of the second cylinder, the bottom of the first cylinder is communicated with the top end of the recovery tube 120, the energy-absorbing piston 220 is internally arranged in the first cylinder and is slidably and sealingly connected with the first cylinder, an energy-absorbing cavity 211 is formed at the lower part of the first cylinder located on the energy-absorbing piston 220, an energy-supplying cavity 212 is formed at the upper part of the first cylinder located on the energy-absorbing piston 220 and the interior of the second cylinder, and both the air inlet tube 230 and the air outlet tube 240 are communicated with the second cylinder.
Further optimizing, because the gas can continuously generate heat in the energy supply cavity 212 during the compression process, if the heat is not treated, the service life of the energy-absorbing piston 220 can be affected by successive accumulation of heat, and the repeated preparation process of the high-pressure gas is difficult to continuously realize.
Further preferably, the cooling member comprises a cooling tube 250, the cooling tube 250 is arranged in the energy supply cavity 212, the top end of the cooling tube 250 is sealed and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air chamber 210, the bottom end of the cooling tube 250 passes through the energy absorption cavity 211 and extends into the recovery tube 120, and the cooling tube 250 is in sliding and sealing connection with the energy absorption piston 220. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, after the high-kinetic-energy water flow in the recovery pipe 120 pushes the energy-absorbing piston 220 to the maximum stroke, part of the high-kinetic-energy water flow continuously enters the cooling pipe 250 and flows into the energy-supplying cavity 212 along the vertical upward direction, so that heat exchange with the air in the energy-supplying cavity 212 is realized, and the cooling treatment of the air in the energy-supplying cavity 212 is realized.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 6, in order to further improve the cooling effect, the cooling member further includes fins 251, the fins 251 are disposed in the cooling tube 250, and two sides of the fins 251 respectively penetrate through the cooling tube 250 to the energy supply cavity 212, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency. Wherein the number of the fins 251 is plural, the plurality of fins 251 are uniformly arranged circumferentially around the cooling tube 250, and intermediate axes of the plurality of fins 251 are partially overlapped and located in the cooling tube 250.
In the present invention, the filter assembly 300 is a structure for filtering seawater to be desalinated, and is used for filtering out suspended matters, granular matters and other impurities contained in the seawater, so as to prevent the damage of the suspended matters, granular matters and other impurities to the desalinating unit 430 after long-term use.
Further preferably, the filter assembly 300 comprises a filter cartridge and a filter element 330, wherein the filter element 330 is arranged in the filter cartridge, the filter cartridge is arranged above the filter element 330 and provided with a filter water inlet 310, and the filter cartridge is arranged below the filter element 330 and provided with a filter water outlet 320. As shown in fig. 7, the filter 330 includes a partition 331 and a plurality of filter cartridges 333, the partition 331 divides the interior of the filter barrel into two cavities, one cavity is communicated with the filter water inlet 310, the other cavity is communicated with the filter water outlet 320, the partition 331 is provided with a plurality of round holes 332, the filter cartridges 333 are in one-to-one correspondence with the round holes 332, and the filter cartridges 333 are all installed in the corresponding round holes 332 and are located in the cavities communicated with the filter water outlet 320.
In the present invention, the seawater desalination module 400 is a structure for desalinating seawater under an external pressure, see fig. 8.
Further preferably, the power chamber 412 is communicated with the gas collecting cylinder 241 through a desalting joint 440, and the desalting joint 440 is fixed on the desalting cylinder 410.
Further optimized, to restore the desalination piston 420 to its original position, in one embodiment, the desalination cartridge 410 is provided with an exhaust port in communication with the power chamber 412, where an exhaust valve is mounted.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the desalination unit 430 includes an outer barrel 431, an inner barrel 432 and a desalination membrane 433, the inner barrel 432 is coaxially arranged in the outer barrel 431, the desalination membrane 433 is wound in an annular gap between the outer barrel 431 and the inner barrel 432, through holes are formed in the outer barrel 431 and the inner barrel 432, and the bottom of the inner barrel 432 is externally connected with a fresh water outlet 415 communicated with the inside of the inner barrel 432.
Further optimized, wherein the desalination membrane 433 is a reverse osmosis membrane.
Further optimizing, because membrane pollution can be generated in the use process of the desalination membrane 433, when insoluble salt or slightly soluble salt such as sodium chloride, calcium carbonate and the like are gathered and blocked on the surface of the membrane, the reverse osmosis water production efficiency can be influenced, the energy consumption can be increased, other performances can be influenced and the like. In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment of the present invention further includes a back-flushing member 450, where the back-flushing member 450 includes a back-flushing piston 451, and the back-flushing piston 451 is disposed in the inner cylinder 432 and is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner cylinder 432, and the back-flushing piston 451 divides the inner cylinder 432 into a first cavity 434 and a second cavity 435 from top to bottom, and the first cavity 434 is communicated with the gas collecting cylinder 241, and the second cavity 435 is communicated with the fresh water outlet 415.
When the desalination membrane 433 needs to be cleaned, the gas collection bottle 241 is used for ventilation to the first cavity 434, and the back flushing piston 451 is used for extruding fresh water in the second cavity 435, so that the fresh water reversely rushes through the desalination membrane 433, and the impurity ions on the surface of the membrane are carried out of the membrane, thereby achieving the cleaning effect.
Further preferably, the back flushing part 450 further comprises a fixing block 453, a chute 454 is formed in the fixing block 453, a limiting rod 421 is fixedly connected to the desalination piston 420, and the limiting rod 421 is slidably connected with the chute 454. Wherein, the first cavity 434 is communicated with the gas collection bottle 241 through a back flushing joint 452, and the back flushing joint 452 can be fixed on the inner cylinder 432 through a fixing block 453.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a sea water desalination assembly 400, which does not consume electric energy or petroleum to drive an engine, and can achieve a required working condition by only using the high-pressure gas manufactured by the recovery assembly 200 as a power source. The specific structure and function of the seawater desalination module 400 are described in detail above with reference to fig. 1, 8 and 9, and are not repeated here.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The sea water desalting system is characterized by comprising a drainage pipeline, a recovery assembly, a filtering assembly and a sea water desalting assembly which are arranged on a ship body;
the drainage pipeline comprises a drainage tube and a recovery tube; the drainage tube is arranged along the water flow direction, one end of the drainage tube is filled with water, the other end of the drainage tube is discharged with water, and a first valve is arranged; the bottom end of the recovery pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the recovery pipe;
the recovery component comprises an air chamber, an energy-absorbing piston, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the energy-absorbing piston is arranged in the air chamber, is in sliding and sealing connection with the air chamber, divides the interior of the air chamber into an energy-absorbing cavity and an energy-supplying cavity, the energy-absorbing cavity is communicated with the top end of the recovery pipe, the energy-supplying cavity is communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is externally connected with an air collecting cylinder;
the filtering assembly is provided with a filtering water inlet and a filtering water outlet which are externally connected with seawater and used for filtering the seawater;
the sea water desalting assembly comprises a desalting cylinder, a desalting piston and a desalting unit; the desalting piston is arranged in the desalting cylinder, is in sliding and sealing connection with the desalting cylinder, and divides the interior of the desalting cylinder into a desalting cavity and a power cavity; the top of the desalination cavity is provided with a desalination water inlet which is communicated with a filtration water outlet of the filtration assembly, and the bottom of the desalination cavity is externally connected with a sea water outlet; the desalination unit is arranged in the desalination cavity, and the inside of the desalination unit is externally connected with a fresh water outlet; the power cavity is communicated with the gas collecting bottle, the gas collecting bottle is used for providing high-pressure gas for the power cavity, and the high-pressure gas is used as a power source; the desalting cylinder is provided with an exhaust port communicated with the power cavity, and an exhaust valve is arranged at the exhaust port.
2. The seawater desalination system of claim 1, wherein the desalination unit comprises an outer cartridge, an inner cartridge, and a desalination membrane; the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder, the desalination membrane is wound in an annular gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, through holes are formed in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the inner cylinder is externally connected with a fresh water outlet communicated with the inner part of the inner cylinder.
3. The seawater desalination system of claim 2, further comprising a backwash assembly comprising a backwash piston disposed within the inner cylinder and slidingly and sealingly coupled thereto, the backwash piston dividing the interior of the inner cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber from top to bottom, the first chamber in communication with the high pressure gas and the second chamber in communication with the fresh water outlet.
4. A seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the back flushing member further comprises a fixed block, a chute is provided on the fixed block, a stop lever is fixedly connected to the desalination piston, and the stop lever is slidably connected with the chute.
5. The desalination system of claim 1, wherein the flow conduit has a first state, a second state, and a third state according to a workflow, wherein the first valve is open and the second valve is closed when the flow conduit is in the first state, wherein the first valve is closed and the second valve is open when the flow conduit is in the second state, and wherein the first valve is open and the second valve is open when the flow conduit is in the third state; and the drainage pipeline circulates between the first state and the third state.
6. The seawater desalination system of claim 1, wherein the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively provided with a one-way valve, the flow direction of the one-way valve arranged on the air inlet pipe is that the outside points to the inside of the air chamber, and the flow direction of the one-way valve arranged on the air outlet pipe is that the inside of the air chamber points to the gas collecting cylinder.
7. The seawater desalination system of claim 1, wherein the recovery assembly further comprises a cooling element disposed within the energizing cavity; the cooling piece comprises a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is arranged in the energy supply cavity, the top end of the cooling pipe is closed and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air chamber, and the bottom end of the cooling pipe penetrates through the energy absorption cavity and extends into the recovery pipe; the cooling pipe is in sliding and sealing connection with the energy-absorbing piston.
8. A seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cooling element further comprises fins built into the cooling tube, the fins passing on opposite sides thereof out of the cooling tube into the energizing cavity, respectively.
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