CN102730858A - Solar seawater desalting device with variable flow - Google Patents
Solar seawater desalting device with variable flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN102730858A CN102730858A CN2012102464302A CN201210246430A CN102730858A CN 102730858 A CN102730858 A CN 102730858A CN 2012102464302 A CN2012102464302 A CN 2012102464302A CN 201210246430 A CN201210246430 A CN 201210246430A CN 102730858 A CN102730858 A CN 102730858A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010049933 Hypophosphatasia Diseases 0.000 description 38
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solar seawater desalting device with a variable flow, which comprises a photovoltaic solar power supply system, a reverse-osmosis seawater desalting device and a frequency-conversion control system, wherein the reverse-osmosis seawater desalting device is provided with two branches connected in parallel, the first branch is sequentially provided with a seawater medium-pressure pump, a first one-way check valve and a differential-pressure energy recovering device from front to back, the delivered liquid enters the differential-pressure energy recovering device after being pressurized by the seawater medium-pressure pump, and the pressure of the delivered liquid is boosted to the rated pressure of a reverse-osmosis membrane module by the differential-pressure energy recovering device; and the second branch is sequentially provided with a seawater high-pressure pump and a second one-way check valve from front to back, and the pressure of the delivered liquid is directly boosted to the rated pressure of the reverse-osmosis membrane module by the seawater high-pressure pump. The solar seawater desalting device can independently run by utilizing solar energy so as to have low equipment cost and running and maintaining cost, can utilize the peak valley characteristic of solar power generation, furthest increases water yield and is suitable for remote islands, boats and families short of power supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sea water distiling plant, is a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of changeable flow specifically.
Background technology
Water is lifespring, is the lifeblood of socio-economic development, is human valuable, irreplaceable natural resources.Along with economy the improving constantly of sustainable development and living standards of the people; Demand to the water yield is increasing; Increasingly high to requirements in water quality, and the inequality of the deficiency of water resources, spatial and temporal distributions, add the exploitation of infinity, immoderate waste, random pollution and mismanagement etc.; Make nervous originally water resources imbalance between supply and demand more sharp-pointed, water shortage problem has become a global difficult problem.
Sea water desaltination can increase local gross amount of water resources as a kind of technology of increasing income, because sea water desaltination is to change the water source with the energy, so energy consumption is still bigger.For the island that does not have electrical network, utilize traditional mineral fuel (coal, oil) to solve sea water desaltination energy problem, the destruction that very easily causes the island Vulnerable Ecosystem; And transportation and maintenance cost are too high, and China's fossil energy especially coal and oil relative deficiency, and standing stock are limited; Use fewer and fewer; Be faced with exhausted danger, and oil and coal to be that important chemical feedstocks is used for when fuel very unfortunate, and combustion fuel will be discharged a large amount of CO
2And sulfur oxide, cause Greenhouse effect and acid rain, worsen global environment.If solve these areas without electricity powerup issues from the existing power transmission network construction of line, investment cost is big, builds the transmitting line of 1km, is equivalent to 5～6kW solar-electricity investment cost of equipment, and is higher for the remote little island expense that will build a submarine cable.
Present nothing electricity, water-deficient area all are in solar energy resources abundant one, two, three type west area (many brackish waters) and island, the southeast, and the solar radiation total amount is big, and the annual sunshine duration is long, and annual electricity generating capacity is high.Photovoltaic solar reverse osmosis desalination device sun power independent operating capable of using, pollution-free, low power consuming, operating safety is reliable and stable, does not consume petroleum, conventional energy resources such as Sweet natural gas, coal, and there is very big using value in energy scarcity, the high area of environmental requirement; But next is the industrial scale organic assembling, and flexibility is good, invests lessly relatively, and it is low to produce the water cost.
Chinese patent ZL02281876.6 has announced a kind of solar energy reverse osmosis desalting plant; The steam that utilizes sun power to produce directly drives turbo-pump; With flooding velocity and the pressure that reverse osmosis module is provided; This solar energy reverse osmosis desalting plant needs very big solar energy collector could produce the steam that directly drives turbo-pump, and floor space is big big with investment.Reverse osmosis unit only could move when sunshine is sufficient, and evening and rainy weather can not move, and plant factor is low, and practical application is restricted.
Chinese patent ZL200720069563.1 has announced a kind of photovoltaic reverse osmosis desalination device; This device characteristic is to comprise solar electrical energy generation module and the light module of r-o-system; Wherein, the solar electrical energy generation module has comprised solar cell, store battery, unit and invertor.The light module of r-o-system does not have custom-designed energy recycle device on the one hand, and r-o-water manufacturing system energy consumption is high; Reverse osmosis unit can't be regulated the power and the water recovery automatically on the other hand, can't adapt to solar energy-electric energy and export unsettled characteristics, and exist security personnel's filter to be arranged on HPP great process error afterwards, and practical application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The solar energy sea water desalination apparatus that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of changeable flow; Sun power independent operating capable of using; Equipment cost and operation and maintenance cost are low; And can utilize solar electrical energy generation to have the characteristics of peak valley, increase water production rate to greatest extent, the family's use that is suitable for remote island, boats and ships and lacks EPS.
For this reason; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: it is made up of photovoltaic solar power supply system, reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system and frequency-changing control system; Said photovoltaic solar power supply system comprises photovoltaic solar cell, controller for solar, invertor and store battery; The output terminal of said solar photovoltaic cell panel is connected with said controller for solar, and store battery is connected with said controller for solar; Said controller for solar is connected with invertor; Invertor is connected with intelligent controller, and said controller for solar is used to control charging and the battery discharging to store battery of electricity that photovoltaic solar cell sends out;
Described frequency-changing control system is provided with said intelligent controller, a plurality of frequency transformer and is in pressure transmitter, flow sensor, the liquid level switch in the reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system; Said frequency transformer comprises the frequency transformer of ultrafiltration water pump, the frequency transformer of seawater medium lift pump and the frequency transformer of seawater HPP; Said a plurality of frequency transformer and pressure transmitter, flow sensor, liquid level switch are connected with intelligent controller; Said intelligent controller makes the power supply to the seawater medium lift pump have precedence over the seawater HPP through the work of the said frequency transformer of control;
Described reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is provided with the total road of seawater, and the total road of said seawater is connected in series seawater water intaking pump, water purifier, water tank, said ultrafiltration water pump, ultra-filtration equipment, intermediate water tank, middle water pump, security personnel's filter successively from A-P;
Said water intaking pump is used to extract former seawater, and it directly is connected with intelligent controller, the power supply of the discharge of store battery conduct water intaking pump after invertor is converted into alternating-current;
Said water purifier is used for seawater cleaning is become to meet ultrafiltration water inlet requirement;
Said ultrafiltration water pump is used for ultra-filtration equipment water inlet supercharging; Make it to reach the requirement of ultra-filtration equipment intake pressure; It is connected with frequency transformer earlier, pass through frequency transformer again and be connected with intelligent controller, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of ultrafiltration water pump;
Water pump produces water with ultrafiltration and is pressurized to 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa in the middle of said; Make it to get into seawater medium lift pump and seawater HPP through security personnel's filter; It directly is connected with intelligent controller, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of middle water pump;
Said security personnel's filter is used for preventing that the remaining molecule of seawater from getting into the membrane module in seawater HPP and the r-o-film group device;
Described seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump, seawater HPP are the interchange water pump; Described seawater medium lift pump all is connected frequency transformer separately earlier with the seawater HPP; Be connected with intelligent controller through frequency transformer again, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of seawater medium lift pump and seawater HPP;
Said reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is connected with the shunt of two parallel connections after the total road of seawater; The high pressure sea water that the shunt of two parallel connections is connected to the r-o-film group device more total road that intakes; High pressure sea water total road that intakes is connected to the high pressure sea water entrance end of r-o-film group device again, and bypass connects the high-pressure storage tank on high pressure sea water is intake total road;
In the said shunt first is provided with said seawater medium lift pump, first one way stop peturn valve, said differential pressure type energy recycle device from A-P along separate routes successively; Be transferred liquid through getting into the differential pressure type energy recycle device after the supercharging of seawater medium lift pump, further boost to the rated pressure of r-o-film group device through the differential pressure type energy recycle device; Pressure pressure storage tank during bypass connects on the pipeline between first one way stop peturn valve and differential pressure type energy recycle device;
Described differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device is made up of a two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve, four vacuum breakers, two differential pressure cylinders and a pair of travel switch;
Said two coaxial placements of differential pressure cylinder are provided with piston rod between two differential pressure cylinders, are provided with piston in the differential pressure cylinder, and the two ends of said piston rod contact with the piston of two differential pressure cylinders respectively relatively, and the differential pressure cylinder is divided into rodless cavity and rod chamber by said piston;
Said four vacuum breakers are divided equally into two groups and are communicated with the rodless cavity of every differential pressure cylinder respectively, two vacuum breakers in every group in the opposite direction; Two directions outwards extrude the vacuum breaker that is transferred liquid for supplying the differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, and its outlet is communicated with through pipeline back and the high pressure sea water total road that intakes that links to each other; Two directions are for being transferred the vacuum breaker of liquid to the input of differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, its import is communicated with first one way stop peturn valve after linking to each other through pipeline;
Described two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve is provided with valve rod, supplies the straight-line valve pocket of valve rod; Valve pocket has P port, A port, B port, O port; A port and B port are communicated with the rod chamber of a differential pressure cylinder respectively; The P port is the discarded liquid import of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, connects the high-pressure thick seawater drain of r-o-film group device, and the O port is the discarded liquid drain of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device; The O port is two imports about the valve pocket place has, and on valve pocket, are followed successively by the left side import of O port, B port, P port, A port, the right side import of O port vertically;
The position and the valve rod of P port, A port, B port, O port have following matching relationship: valve rod has first working position and second working position;
Valve rod is in first working position, and P port and A port are connected, and O port and B port are connected;
Valve rod is in second working position, and P port and B port are connected, and O port and A port are connected;
Be provided with a push rod and a pair of travel switch between said two differential pressure cylinders; Insert in the rod chamber of two differential pressure cylinders at the two ends of said push rod; Outside the push rod of rod chamber, be with the boosting spring that resets, when piston falls back on limit position, promote push rod to a lateral movement, push rod touches travel switch; Control the dead electricity that gets of two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve electro-magnet, realize that the energy recycle device state switches;
In the said shunt second is provided with the seawater HPP and second one way stop peturn valve from A-P along separate routes successively; Directly will be transferred the rated pressure that liquid boosts to the r-o-film group device by the seawater HPP, and first be transferred along separate routes the high pressure sea water that connects the r-o-film group device after liquid converges total road that intakes.
On the basis of adopting technique scheme, the present invention also can adopt following further technical scheme simultaneously:
Described water purifier is that collection mixes, flocculates, is deposited in the no churned mechanically water purifying plant of one, answers the integral water purifier of facility for having graticule mesh, flap, hydraulic reverse.
Be provided with flexible leather bag in the pressure pressure storage tank in said, be used for absorbing impact, storage power, said flexible leather bag is through the pipeline connection between pipeline and first one way stop peturn valve and the differential pressure type energy recycle device.
Be provided with piston in the said high-pressure storage tank, gas and high pressure sea water separate through piston at the high-pressure storage tank, utilize the compression of gas and expand store, relief pressure can; Said high-pressure storage tank high pressure sea water side and high pressure sea water total road that intakes is communicated with.
Said controller for solar, intelligent controller receive PC control; Said upper computer and controller for solar, intelligent controller are realized the supervision and the control of whole plant; According to the solar electrical energy generation amount; Regulate corresponding water pump electric power through said frequency transformer, realize said sea water distiling plant operation energy consumption and produce the discharge adjusting; Said sea water distiling plant is provided with into water low-voltage protective switch between middle water pump and medium lift pump, HPP; Said water inlet low-voltage protective switch links to each other with intelligent controller; When seawater flow, when abnormality appears in pressure; Said sea water distiling plant will be according to the signal alarm and the shutdown of water inlet low-voltage protective switch, with protection medium lift pump, HPP and reverse-osmosis membrane element; Said water tank and intermediate water tank are equipped with liquid level sensor, and the liquid level control of said sea water distiling plant through water tank realizes chain operation, guarantee sea water distiling plant automatically, safety, steady running.
Owing to adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adopts the secondary associating pre-treatment pattern of " water purifier+ultrafiltration ", and seawater cleaning is become to meet the feed water by reverse osmosis requirement; Especially water purifier adopt have graticule mesh, integral water purifier that flap, hydraulic reverse are answered facility, flocculation, clarification, filtration and ultrafiltration technology compact and reasonable ground is combined into one characteristics such as it is good to have pre-treatment product water water quality, and floor space is little.
The present invention is according to the characteristics of photovoltaic solar power supply; Adopted custom-designed differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device; Reclaimed the high-pressure thick seawater overbottom pressure energy of r-o-film group device on the one hand; Lower reverse osmosis system system water consumption greatly, reduced the scale and the investment of photovoltaic solar power generation system; On the other hand, the differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device adopts Stroke Control, and flooding velocity is had flexibility preferably.
The present invention has adopted the boost in pressure shunt of two parallel connections in impervious desalination system; Article one, be to promote sea pressure by medium lift pump+differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device; Another only by HPP promote sea pressure and HPP and medium lift pump all the frequency transformer through separately be connected with intelligent controller, make the work of medium lift pump can have precedence over HPP, be at solar electrical energy generation under the situation of Ping Feng and paddy; Only start medium lift pump; Through differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device recovered energy seawater is promoted to rated pressure, reaches the system works purpose of energy-saving and environmental protection, when solar electrical energy generation is in kurtosis; When generated energy exceeds the power consumption of medium lift pump, start HPP; Even solar electrical energy generation has unsettled characteristics, the frequency transformer of HPP still can in time be adjusted HPP, makes its generated energy that will exceed part all be used to promote sea pressure and conveying seawater; Although and therefore this flow along separate routes of HPP is in unsure state; The flow of the high-pressure thick seawater of r-o-film group device plays pendulum; But differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device of the present invention has flooding velocity is had flexibility preferably; Can corresponding increase feed flow, reclaim the energy in the high-pressure thick seawater that is increased, increase water production rate.Like this; The present invention has the work characteristics and the function of unsteady flow amount; Can the electricity that sun the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge is sent out directly be used to promote the usefulness of sea pressure; And needn't be by the store battery electric power storage again to pump power supply, saved the high cost of investment of the store battery that supplies pump work and to the maintenance cost of these store batteries, simultaneously again with the product water maximizing efficiency of solar cell power generation.
The present invention not only can realize the water recovery of reverse osmosis unit and the control of water production rate; And is furnished with pressure vessel; Can alleviate the compression shock that occurs in the flow change process can with storage pressure; The system that makes can further adapt to the unsettled characteristics of solar electrical energy generation, improves stability, safety and the security of system works.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus process flow sheet of changeable flow
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing.The present invention is made up of photovoltaic solar power supply system, reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system and frequency-changing control system; Said photovoltaic solar power supply system comprises photovoltaic solar cell, controller for solar, invertor and store battery; The output terminal of said solar photovoltaic cell panel is connected with said controller for solar, and store battery is connected with said controller for solar; Said controller for solar is connected with invertor; Invertor is connected with intelligent controller, and said controller for solar is used to control charging and the battery discharging to store battery of electricity that photovoltaic solar cell sends out;
Described frequency-changing control system is provided with said intelligent controller, a plurality of frequency transformer and is in pressure transmitter, flow sensor, the liquid level switch in the reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system; Said frequency transformer comprises the frequency transformer of ultrafiltration water pump 2, the frequency transformer of seawater medium lift pump 4 and the frequency transformer of seawater HPP 5; Said a plurality of frequency transformer and pressure transmitter, flow sensor, liquid level switch are connected with intelligent controller; Said intelligent controller makes the power supply to the seawater medium lift pump have precedence over the seawater HPP through the work of the said frequency transformer of control; Said intelligent controller is made up of PLC programmable logic controller and peripheral circuit thereof.
Described impervious desalination system is provided with the total road A of seawater, and the total road of said seawater is connected in series seawater water intaking pump 1, water purifier 11, water tank 12, ultrafiltration water pump 2, ultra-filtration equipment, intermediate water tank 20, middle water pump 3, security personnel's filter successively from A-P;
Said water intaking pump 1 is used to extract former seawater, and it directly is connected with intelligent controller, the power supply of the discharge of store battery conduct water intaking pump 1 after invertor is converted into alternating-current;
Said water purifier is used for seawater cleaning is become to meet ultrafiltration water inlet requirement, it can adopt have graticule mesh, integral water purifier that flap, hydraulic reverse are answered facility, with flocculation, clarification, filtration and ultrafiltration technology compact and reasonable be combined into one;
Said ultrafiltration water pump 2 is used for ultra-filtration equipment water inlet supercharging; Make it to reach the requirement of ultra-filtration equipment intake pressure; It is connected with frequency transformer earlier, pass through frequency transformer again and be connected with intelligent controller, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of ultrafiltration water pump 2;
Said security personnel's filter is that into the last of reverse osmosis unit ensures together, is used for preventing that the remaining molecule of seawater from getting into the membrane module in seawater HPP and the r-o-film group device.
Described seawater water intaking pump 1, ultrafiltration water pump 2, middle water pump 3, seawater medium lift pump 4, seawater HPP 5 are the interchange water pump; Seawater medium lift pump 4 all is connected earlier frequency transformer separately with seawater HPP 5; Be connected with intelligent controller through frequency transformer again, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of seawater medium lift pump 4 and seawater HPP 5;
Said reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is connected with shunt B1, the B2 of two parallel connections after the total road A of seawater; The high pressure sea water that the shunt of two parallel connections is connected to the r-o-film group device more total road C of intaking, high pressure sea water total road C of intaking is connected to the high pressure sea water entrance end of r-o-film group device 6 again; Bypass connects high-pressure storage tank 7 on high pressure sea water is intake total road C, is provided with piston in the said high-pressure storage tank, and gas and high pressure sea water separate through piston at the high-pressure storage tank, utilize the compression of gas and expand store, the relief pressure ability; Said high-pressure storage tank high pressure sea water side and high pressure sea water total road C of intaking is communicated with.
In the said shunt first along separate routes B1 is provided with seawater medium lift pump 4, first one way stop peturn valve 91, differential pressure type energy recycle device 100 successively from A-P; Be transferred liquid through getting into differential pressure type energy recycle device 100 after 4 superchargings of seawater medium lift pump, further boost to the rated pressure of r-o-film group device 6 through differential pressure type energy recycle device 100; Pressure pressure storage tank 8 during bypass connects on the pipeline between first one way stop peturn valve 91 and differential pressure type energy recycle device 100; Be provided with flexible leather bag in the pressure pressure storage tank 8 in said; Be used for absorbing impact, storage power, said flexible leather bag is through the pipeline connection between pipeline and first one way stop peturn valve 91 and the differential pressure type energy recycle device 100.
Described differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device 100 is made up of a two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109, four 101,102,103,104, two differential pressure cylinders 105,106 of vacuum breaker and a pair of travel switch 107,108;
Two differential pressure cylinder 105,106 coaxial placements; Two differential pressure cylinders 105, be provided with piston rod 110 between 106; Be provided with piston 111,112 in the differential pressure cylinder; The two ends of said piston rod 110 contact with the piston 111,112 of two differential pressure cylinders respectively relatively, and differential pressure cylinder 105,106 is divided into rodless cavity 113 and rod chamber 114 by said piston 111,112;
Said four vacuum breakers are divided equally into two groups and are communicated with the rodless cavity of every differential pressure cylinder respectively, and vacuum breaker 101,102 is one group, and vacuum breaker 103,104 is organized for another, two vacuum breakers in every group in the opposite direction; Two directions outwards extrude the vacuum breaker 101,103 that is transferred liquid for supplying the differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, and its outlet is communicated with through pipeline back and the high pressure sea water total road C of intaking that links to each other; Two directions are for being transferred the vacuum breaker 102,104 of liquid to the input of differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, its import is communicated with first one way stop peturn valve 91 after linking to each other through pipeline;
Described two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 is provided with valve rod, supplies the straight-line valve pocket of valve rod; Valve pocket has P port, A port, B port, O port; The rod chamber of A port and differential pressure cylinder 105 is communicated with; The rod chamber of B port and differential pressure cylinder 106 is communicated with, and the P port is the discarded liquid import of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device 100, connects the high-pressure thick seawater drain of r-o-film group device 3; The O port is the discarded liquid drain of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device; The O port is two imports about the valve pocket place has, and on valve pocket, are followed successively by the left side import of O port, B port, P port, A port, the right side import of O port vertically;
The position and the valve rod of P port, A port, B port, O port have following matching relationship: valve rod has first working position and second working position;
When electro-magnet 1YA got electric, 2YA dead electricity, valve rod was in first working position, and P port and A port are connected, O port and the connection of B port;
When electro-magnet 2YA got electric, 1YA dead electricity, valve rod was in second working position, and P port and B port are connected, O port and the connection of A port;
It is suitable that length that said valve rod stretches into and valve rod switch on the distance of first working position and the required motion of second working position;
Said two differential pressure cylinders 105, be provided with a push rod 117 and a pair of travel switch 115,116 between 106; Insert in the rod chamber of two differential pressure cylinders 105,106 at the two ends of said push rod 117; Outside the push rod 117 of rod chamber, be with the boosting spring 118 that resets;, piston 111,112 promotes push rod 117 when falling back on limit position to a lateral movement; Push rod touches travel switch 115,116, controls the dead electricity that gets of two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 electro-magnet (1YA, 2YA), realizes that the energy recycle device state switches;
In the said shunt second B2 along separate routes is provided with the seawater HPP 5 and second one way stop peturn valve 92 successively from A-P; Directly will be transferred the rated pressure that liquid boosts to r-o-film group device 4 by seawater HPP 5, with first along separate routes B1 be transferred the high pressure sea water that connects the r-o-film group device after liquid converges total road C of intaking.
Working process is below described:
1, be in right position when two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109, also promptly during second working position, the P port is connected with the B port, O port and the connection of A port.At this moment; The high-pressure thick seawater that comes out from reverse osmosis membrane group device concentrated water discharge mouth gets into differential pressure cylinder 106 rod chambers; Vacuum breaker 104 is closed automatically; Vacuum breaker 103 is opened automatically, and what the discarded liquid of the high pressure in differential pressure cylinder 106 rod chambers promoted rodless cavity is transferred liquid with piston 112 moves right together, and low pressure is transferred liquid to be become high pressure and be transferred liquid and outwards extruded entering r-o-film group device after supercharging; Simultaneously, vacuum breaker 101 is transferred at said high pressure under the effect of liquid and closes automatically, and vacuum breaker 102 is transferred in low pressure under the pressure-driven of liquid and opens automatically; Low pressure is transferred the rodless cavity that liquid gets into differential pressure cylinder 105; The discarded liquid of low pressure and the piston 111 that promote rod chamber move right together, and the discarded liquid of low pressure outwards discharges through A port, O port, when said piston 111 moves right; Through piston rod 110 power is passed to piston 112 simultaneously, also promote piston 112 simultaneously and move right.
2, when piston 111 moves to the limit on the right-right-hand limit position; Promote push rod 117 and move right, touch the travel switch 116 on right side, control the dead electricity that gets of two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 electro-magnet; Make two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 switch to position, a left side; Also be second working position, P port and A port are connected, and O port and B port are connected.At this moment; The high-pressure thick seawater that comes from reverse osmosis membrane group device concentrated water discharge mouth gets into differential pressure cylinder 105 rod chambers; Vacuum breaker 102 is closed automatically; Vacuum breaker 101 is opened automatically, and what the discarded liquid of the high pressure in differential pressure cylinder 105 rod chambers promoted rodless cavity is transferred liquid with piston 111 is moved to the left together, and the low pressure of rodless cavity is transferred liquid and after becoming high pressure after the supercharging to be transferred liquid, outwards extrudes entering reverse osmosis membrane film group device 6; Simultaneously, vacuum breaker 103 is transferred at said high pressure under the effect of liquid and closes automatically, and vacuum breaker 104 is transferred in low pressure under the pressure-driven of liquid and opens automatically; Low pressure is transferred the rodless cavity that liquid gets into differential pressure cylinder 106; The discarded liquid of low pressure and the piston 112 that promote rod chamber are moved to the left together, and the discarded liquid of low pressure outwards discharges through B port, O port, when said piston 112 is moved to the left; Through piston rod 110 power is passed to piston 111 simultaneously, also promote piston 111 simultaneously and be moved to the left.
3, when piston 112 moves to the limit on the left position, promote push rod 117 and be moved to the left, touch the travel switch 115 on right side; Control the dead electricity that gets of two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 electro-magnet; Making two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109 switch to right position, is second working position also, gets back to above-mentioned working order at the 1st; So continuously utilize the differential pressure cylinder to be pressurized to high pressure to the low pressure seawater, and reclaim the concentrated seawater overbottom pressure ability of reverse osmosis system.
Switch moment at the energy recycle device working position; The energy impact that is produced between HPP and the two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve 109, temporary by middle pressure pressure storage tank absorption, the energy impact that is produced between medium lift pump and the vacuum breaker; Absorb temporary by the low pressure storage tank; To be switched completion is transferred the liquid intake pressure and recovers normally back release automatically, thereby avoids the impact of the hydraulic pressure of increase suddenly to device.
Like embodiment described above with sun power generated output 10kW; Store battery (12V/200AH); The seawater desalination system that daily output fresh water is 10 tons is an example; System adopts differential pressure type energy recycle device 4 (fixedly the water recovery is 20%) to connect with middle pressure sea-water pump 4, utilizes the overbottom pressure that reclaims will further be pressurized to nominal operation pressure through the charging seawater of seawater HPP; With the 4 parallelly connected uses of seawater HPP.At 25 ℃, be 30000mg/L to water concentration, pH=7, under the condition, do further statement in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to the present invention:
Photovoltaic solar reverse osmosis desalination device working process is following:
The native system accumulator capacity is merely 1/20 of conventional system; Can supply reverse osmosis system to move about 30 minutes under the electric situation being full of; Be mainly used in system power supply and electric energy short period of time interior " peak load shifting ", assurance device steady running and raising solar energy-electric energy output stationarity.Under normal illumination; The electric energy that photovoltaic solar cell utilizes " photovoltaic effect " to produce stores in the store battery through controller for solar; Certain electric energy outputs to invertor in the store battery of controller for solar control simultaneously; And through equipment such as intelligent controller driving seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump, seawater HPPs, reverse osmosis system normally moves.
Said controller for solar, intelligent controller receive PC control; Said upper computer and controller for solar, intelligent controller are realized the supervision and the control of whole plant; According to the solar electrical energy generation amount; Regulate corresponding water pump electric power through said frequency transformer, realize said sea water distiling plant operation energy consumption and produce the discharge adjusting; Said sea water distiling plant is provided with into water low-voltage protective switch 22 (in the present embodiment between middle water pump and medium lift pump, HPP; Said water inlet low-voltage protective switch 22 be arranged on that the total road A of seawater goes up and the water pump that mediates after); Said water inlet low-voltage protective switch links to each other with intelligent controller; When seawater flow, when abnormality appears in pressure, said sea water distiling plant will be according to the signal alarm and the shutdown of water inlet low-voltage protective switch, with protection medium lift pump, HPP and reverse-osmosis membrane element; Said water tank and intermediate water tank are equipped with liquid level sensor 21, and the liquid level control of said sea water distiling plant through water tank realizes chain operation, guarantee sea water distiling plant automatically, safety, steady running.
When solar irradiation intensity at 200W/m
2When following, the electric energy that solar power system produces charges a battery, and when store battery is in high potential state, starts the reverse osmosis unit low power run.This moment, reverse osmosis unit started seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump successively, and was in low frequency state (the about 3m of flow through VFC seawater medium lift pump
3/ h), HPP does not start, and the system water recovery is 20%, the about 2.4kW of reverse osmosis system service rating, the about 0.6m of fresh water yield
3/ h.When if store battery is in low-potential state, reverse osmosis unit cuts out.
When solar irradiation intensity at 200～500W/m
2The time, and store battery starts the reverse osmosis unit operation when being in high potential state.This moment, reverse osmosis unit started seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump successively, and regulated seawater medium lift pump frequency through VFC and (regulate the about 3～6m of flow
3/ h), HPP does not still start, and the system water recovery is 20%, the about 2.4～4.8kW of reverse osmosis system service rating, the about 0.6～1.2m of fresh water yield
3/ h.
When solar irradiation intensity greater than 500W/m
2The time, and store battery starts the reverse osmosis unit operation when being in high potential state.This moment, reverse osmosis unit started seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump successively, was in certain frequency (the about 4.5m of flow through VFC seawater medium lift pump
3/ h), and regulate the HPP frequency state through VFC and (regulate flow 0.1～1.5m
3/ h), the system water recovery is 20～40%, the about 4.0～9.6kW of reverse osmosis system service rating, the about 1.0～2.4m of fresh water yield
3/ h.
System in conjunction with store battery current potential situation, regulates reverse osmosis unit medium lift pump, HPP frequency according to the solar illuminating Strength Changes automatically, makes the reverse osmosis unit water production rate at 0.6～2.4m
3Adjustable continuously between the/h; The water recovery is adjustable continuously between 20～40%, and is adjustable continuously between reverse osmosis system service rating 2.4～9.6kW, adapts to solar electrical energy generation automatically and exports unsettled characteristics; Make energy utilization efficiency reach maximum, and can significantly reduce accumulator capacity.
With 1000m
3The middle-size and small-size photovoltaic solar sea water distiling plant of/d is an example:
With year working rate 80% calculating, can produce 290,000 tons in water in 1 year, can satisfy one the 3000 island life water of productive use requirement about the people basically.
Native system has been owing to adopted the self-adjustable differential pressure type energy recycle device of flow, and compares without energy recycle device, but ton water brownout 4.5kWh/m
3, every kilowatt of investment of photovoltaic solar system is 20,000 yuan/kW, works every day and calculates in 4 hours, for 1000m
3The seawater desalination system of/d can be saved the solar energy system investment:
ξ
1Ten thousand yuan of=1000 * 4.5 * 2.0 ÷ 4=2250
With 1.0 yuan/kWh of electricity price, system's working rate: 80%, then annual economize on electricity total expenses is:
ξ
2=1000 * 365 * 0.8 * 4.5 * 1.0 ÷ 10000=131.4 (ten thousand yuan/year)
Owing to adopted reverse osmosis system flow design-adjustable, can significantly save the store battery investment.With the store battery investment is 1000 yuan/kWh, and be calculating in 3 years working life, for 1000m
3The seawater desalination system year of/d can be saved the store battery consumption costs:
ξ
3=1000 * 4.0 * 1000 ÷ 3 ÷ 10000=133.3 (ten thousand yuan/year).
It is thus clear that the present invention can significantly reduce reverse osmosis seawater desalination system operation energy consumption and investment of photovoltaic solar energy storage device and power supply system gross investment, economic benefit is fairly obvious.
At last, it is also to be noted that, more than only be one embodiment of the present of invention sons.Obviously the invention is not restricted to above example, a lot of distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of a changeable flow; Form by photovoltaic solar power supply system, reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system and frequency-changing control system; It is characterized in that said photovoltaic solar power supply system comprises photovoltaic solar cell, controller for solar, invertor and store battery; The output terminal of said solar photovoltaic cell panel is connected with said controller for solar, and store battery is connected with said controller for solar; Said controller for solar is connected with invertor; Invertor is connected with intelligent controller, and said controller for solar is used to control charging and the battery discharging to store battery of electricity that photovoltaic solar cell sends out;
Described frequency-changing control system is provided with said intelligent controller, a plurality of frequency transformer and is in pressure transmitter, flow sensor, the liquid level switch in the reverse osmosis seawater desalting treatment system; Said frequency transformer comprises the frequency transformer of ultrafiltration water pump, the frequency transformer of seawater medium lift pump and the frequency transformer of seawater HPP; Said a plurality of frequency transformer and pressure transmitter, flow sensor, liquid level switch are connected with intelligent controller; Said intelligent controller makes the power supply to the seawater medium lift pump have precedence over the seawater HPP through the work of the said frequency transformer of control;
Described reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is provided with the total road of seawater, and the total road of said seawater is connected in series seawater water intaking pump, water purifier, water tank, said ultrafiltration water pump, ultra-filtration equipment, intermediate water tank, middle water pump, security personnel's filter successively from A-P;
Said water intaking pump is used to extract former seawater, and it directly is connected with intelligent controller, the power supply of the discharge of store battery conduct water intaking pump after invertor is converted into alternating-current;
Said water purifier is used for seawater cleaning is become to meet ultrafiltration water inlet requirement;
Said ultrafiltration water pump is used for ultra-filtration equipment water inlet supercharging; Make it to reach the requirement of ultra-filtration equipment intake pressure; It is connected with frequency transformer earlier, pass through frequency transformer again and be connected with intelligent controller, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of ultrafiltration water pump;
Water pump produces water with ultrafiltration and is pressurized to 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa in the middle of said; Make it to get into seawater medium lift pump and seawater HPP through security personnel's filter; It directly is connected with intelligent controller, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of middle water pump;
Said security personnel's filter is used for preventing that the remaining molecule of seawater from getting into the membrane module in seawater HPP and the r-o-film group device;
Described seawater water intaking pump, ultrafiltration water pump, middle water pump, seawater medium lift pump, seawater HPP are the interchange water pump; Described seawater medium lift pump all is connected frequency transformer separately earlier with the seawater HPP; Be connected with intelligent controller through frequency transformer again, the discharge of store battery after invertor is converted into alternating-current as the power supply of seawater medium lift pump and seawater HPP;
Said reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is connected with the shunt of two parallel connections after the total road of seawater; The high pressure sea water that the shunt of two parallel connections is connected to the r-o-film group device more total road that intakes; High pressure sea water total road that intakes is connected to the high pressure sea water entrance end of r-o-film group device again, and bypass connects the high-pressure storage tank on high pressure sea water is intake total road;
In the said shunt first is provided with said seawater medium lift pump, first one way stop peturn valve, said differential pressure type energy recycle device from A-P along separate routes successively; Be transferred liquid through getting into the differential pressure type energy recycle device after the supercharging of seawater medium lift pump, further boost to the rated pressure of r-o-film group device through the differential pressure type energy recycle device; Pressure pressure storage tank during bypass connects on the pipeline between first one way stop peturn valve and differential pressure type energy recycle device;
Described differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device is made up of a two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve, four vacuum breakers, two differential pressure cylinders and a pair of travel switch;
Said two coaxial placements of differential pressure cylinder are provided with piston rod between two differential pressure cylinders, are provided with piston in the differential pressure cylinder, and the two ends of said piston rod contact with the piston of two differential pressure cylinders respectively relatively, and the differential pressure cylinder is divided into rodless cavity and rod chamber by said piston;
Said four vacuum breakers are divided equally into two groups and are communicated with the rodless cavity of every differential pressure cylinder respectively, two vacuum breakers in every group in the opposite direction; Two directions outwards extrude the vacuum breaker that is transferred liquid for supplying the differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, and its outlet is communicated with through pipeline back and the high pressure sea water total road that intakes that links to each other; Two directions are for being transferred the vacuum breaker of liquid to the input of differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, its import is communicated with first one way stop peturn valve after linking to each other through pipeline;
Described two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve is provided with valve rod, supplies the straight-line valve pocket of valve rod; Valve pocket has P port, A port, B port, O port; A port and B port are communicated with the rod chamber of a differential pressure cylinder respectively; The P port is the discarded liquid import of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device, connects the high-pressure thick seawater drain of r-o-film group device, and the O port is the discarded liquid drain of said differential pressure exchange type energy recovery device; The O port is two imports about the valve pocket place has, and on valve pocket, are followed successively by the left side import of O port, B port, P port, A port, the right side import of O port vertically;
The position and the valve rod of P port, A port, B port, O port have following matching relationship: valve rod has first working position and second working position;
Valve rod is in first working position, and P port and A port are connected, and O port and B port are connected;
Valve rod is in second working position, and P port and B port are connected, and O port and A port are connected;
Be provided with a push rod and a pair of travel switch between said two differential pressure cylinders; Insert in the rod chamber of two differential pressure cylinders at the two ends of said push rod; Outside the push rod of rod chamber, be with the boosting spring that resets, when piston falls back on limit position, promote push rod to a lateral movement, push rod touches travel switch; Control the dead electricity that gets of two-position four-way solenoid operated directional valve electro-magnet, realize that the energy recycle device state switches;
In the said shunt second is provided with the seawater HPP and second one way stop peturn valve from A-P along separate routes successively; Directly will be transferred the rated pressure that liquid boosts to the r-o-film group device by the seawater HPP, and first be transferred along separate routes the high pressure sea water that connects the r-o-film group device after liquid converges total road that intakes.
2. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of a kind of changeable flow as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described water purifier is to have the integral water purifier that graticule mesh, flap, hydraulic reverse are answered facility.
3. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of a kind of changeable flow as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that being provided with flexible leather bag in the said middle pressure pressure storage tank; Be used for absorbing impact, storage power, said flexible leather bag is through the pipeline connection between pipeline and first one way stop peturn valve and the differential pressure type energy recycle device.
4. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of a kind of changeable flow as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that being provided with piston in the said high-pressure storage tank; Gas and high pressure sea water separate through piston at the high-pressure storage tank, utilize the compression of gas and expand store, relief pressure can; Said high-pressure storage tank high pressure sea water side and high pressure sea water total road that intakes is communicated with.
5. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of a kind of changeable flow as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that said controller for solar, intelligent controller receive PC control; Said upper computer and controller for solar, intelligent controller are realized the supervision and the control of whole plant; According to the solar electrical energy generation amount, regulate corresponding water pump electric power through said frequency transformer, realize said sea water distiling plant operation energy consumption and produce the discharge adjusting; Said sea water distiling plant is provided with into water low-voltage protective switch between middle water pump and medium lift pump, HPP; Said water inlet low-voltage protective switch links to each other with intelligent controller; When seawater flow, when abnormality appears in pressure; Said sea water distiling plant will be according to the signal alarm and the shutdown of water inlet low-voltage protective switch, with protection medium lift pump, HPP and reverse-osmosis membrane element; Said water tank and intermediate water tank are equipped with liquid level sensor, and the liquid level control of said sea water distiling plant through water tank realizes chain operation, guarantee sea water distiling plant automatically, safety, steady running.
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| CN103626261A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-03-12 | 深圳市天源新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic seawater desalination system, control method and photovoltaic seawater desalination inverter |
| CN103848478A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 | Renewable energy powered seawater desalination system |
| CN103964549A (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2014-08-06 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Membrane-process seawater desalination system and seawater desalination method using non-grid-connection wind power |
| CN104961194A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-10-07 | 燕山大学 | Reverse osmosis desalination system energy recovery and recycle device and use method thereof |
| GB2525632A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | Elemental Water Makers B V | Water desalination system |
| CN109351193A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 厦门百霖净水科技有限公司 | It is a kind of novel without pump RO device |
| CN116354457A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-06-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Sea water desalination assembly and sea water desalination system |
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| CN2420273Y (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-02-21 | 王开源 | Desalination and purifying device for sea water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103626261A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-03-12 | 深圳市天源新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic seawater desalination system, control method and photovoltaic seawater desalination inverter |
| CN103848478A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 | Renewable energy powered seawater desalination system |
| GB2525632A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | Elemental Water Makers B V | Water desalination system |
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| CN104961194A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-10-07 | 燕山大学 | Reverse osmosis desalination system energy recovery and recycle device and use method thereof |
| CN104961194B (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2017-02-22 | 燕山大学 | Reverse osmosis desalination system energy recovery and recycle device and use method thereof |
| CN109351193A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 厦门百霖净水科技有限公司 | It is a kind of novel without pump RO device |
| CN116354457A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-06-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Sea water desalination assembly and sea water desalination system |
| CN116354457B (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Sea water desalination assembly and sea water desalination system |
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