CN116351199A - Adsorption module with cold energy recovery function and low-temperature adsorption system - Google Patents
Adsorption module with cold energy recovery function and low-temperature adsorption system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116351199A CN116351199A CN202310640167.3A CN202310640167A CN116351199A CN 116351199 A CN116351199 A CN 116351199A CN 202310640167 A CN202310640167 A CN 202310640167A CN 116351199 A CN116351199 A CN 116351199A
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/416—Further details for adsorption processes and devices involving cryogenic temperature treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/65—Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology
- B01D2259/652—Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology using side coolers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of adsorption purification and discloses an adsorption module and a low-temperature adsorption system with a cold recovery function, wherein the adsorption module comprises an adsorption unit, an adsorbent is arranged in the adsorption unit, the adsorption unit is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, low-temperature flue gas at room temperature or below enters the adsorption unit through the air inlet to contact with the adsorbent so as to be adsorbed and purified into purified flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged from the air outlet; the cold energy recovery structure is arranged inside the adsorption unit or around the outside of the adsorption unit, and cold energy recovery medium for recovering cold energy in the flue gas circulates in the cold energy recovery structure. The adsorption module and the low-temperature adsorption system recover the cold energy in the flue gas, reduce the energy consumption of flue gas purification, improve the energy utilization rate and reduce the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of adsorption purification, in particular to an adsorption module with a cold energy recovery function and a low-temperature adsorption system.
Background
The smoke generated by burning coal or garbage contains pollutants, which can influence the atmospheric environment and human health. The low-temperature adsorption technology of the flue gas is to remove pollutant components from the low-temperature flue gas through an adsorbent. In a low-temperature environment at room temperature or below zero, the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas generates a low-temperature oxidation adsorption phenomenon on the surface of an adsorbent such as activated carbon, so that the nitrogen oxide gas is oxidized into nitrogen dioxide gas easy to adsorb, the adsorption capacity is increased, and in addition, the adsorption capacity to components such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and heavy metals is improved in multiple times in the low-temperature environment.
The flue gas adsorption system proposed in the related art adopts a fixed bed type adsorption tower and a moving bed type adsorption tower to adsorb pollutants in low-temperature flue gas so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the flue gas, but the problems of serious cold loss, high energy consumption and high cost of the low-temperature flue gas exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the invention provides the adsorption module with the cold recovery function, which is low in energy consumption and cost.
The invention also provides a low-temperature adsorption system.
The adsorption module with the cold recovery function of the invention comprises: the adsorption unit is internally provided with an adsorbent, the adsorption unit is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, low-temperature flue gas at room temperature or below enters the adsorption unit through the air inlet to be contacted with the adsorbent so as to be adsorbed and purified into purified flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged from the air outlet; the cold energy recovery structure is arranged in the adsorption unit or around the outside of the adsorption unit, and cold energy recovery medium for recovering cold energy in the flue gas circulates in the cold energy recovery structure.
Optionally, the adsorption unit is provided with a plurality of adsorption channels, two ends of each adsorption channel are respectively communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, and the adsorption channels are filled with the adsorbent.
Optionally, a plurality of adsorbents are filled in the adsorption channel, the adsorption capacity of each adsorbent for specific pollutants in the flue gas is higher than that of other adsorbents for the specific pollutants, and the plurality of adsorbents are sequentially layered in the flowing direction of the flue gas to form a plurality of adsorbent layers; or, the adsorption cylinder is filled with a plurality of adsorbents, the adsorbents are sequentially layered in the flowing direction of the flue gas to form a plurality of adsorbent layers, and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent layers is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the flue gas.
Optionally, the adsorption channel is curved; and/or the cross-sectional area of the adsorption channel is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the flue gas.
Optionally, the cold energy recovery structure is a circulating liquid circulation channel, and circulating liquid circulates in the circulating liquid circulation channel for recovering cold energy in the flue gas.
Optionally, the circulating liquid flowing channel comprises a plurality of serpentine channel units, the serpentine channel units extend on a horizontal plane, the plurality of serpentine channel units are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the adjacent serpentine channel units in the vertical direction are communicated.
The cryogenic adsorption system of the present invention comprises: the cylinder body is internally provided with a cavity; the adsorption module is the adsorption module, the adsorption module is located in the barrel and meets between the internal face of barrel, the adsorption module will the cavity is kept apart into air inlet cavity and clean gas chamber, the barrel be equipped with the flue gas import of air inlet cavity intercommunication and with the flue gas export of clean gas chamber intercommunication, the air inlet of adsorption module with air inlet cavity intercommunication, the gas outlet of adsorption module with the clean gas chamber intercommunication.
Optionally, the adsorption module is detachably disposed in the cylinder; and/or, the adsorption module is provided with a plurality of parallel adsorption channels, two ends of each adsorption channel are respectively communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, the adsorption module comprises a plurality of ventilation containers, the ventilation containers are filled with adsorbents, and the ventilation containers are correspondingly and detachably arranged in the adsorption channels one by one.
Optionally, the cylinder is horizontal, the air purifying cavity and the air inlet cavity are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the adsorption module is positioned between the air purifying cavity and the air inlet cavity in the horizontal direction; or the cylinder body is vertical, the clean air cavity is positioned above the air inlet cavity, and the adsorption module is positioned between the clean air cavity and the air inlet cavity in the vertical direction.
Optionally, the cryogenic adsorption system further comprises a cooling module located in the air inlet cavity for cooling the flue gas entering the cylinder to room temperature or below.
The adsorption module and the low-temperature adsorption system with the cold recovery function are different from the stacking mode of the adsorption tower of the traditional adsorption system, the adsorbent is filled into the adsorption unit, the cold recovery structure is arranged in the adsorption unit or wound outside the adsorption unit, the cold recovery medium can input the cold recovered from the adsorption module into the flue gas cooling module in the flue gas cooling system for cooling the flue gas, or send the cold recovered from the adsorption module to the adsorbent regeneration module for cooling the regenerated high-temperature adsorbent, and can also be sent to other equipment needing refrigeration for use, so that the consumption of cold in the whole flue gas adsorption regeneration system is reduced, the energy consumption of flue gas purification is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the running cost of the system is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cryogenic adsorption system of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an adsorption module of the cryogenic adsorption system shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cryogenic adsorption system in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cryogenic adsorption system of a further embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption channel of an adsorption module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a front sectional view of a circulating fluid flow channel of an adsorption module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top cross-sectional view of a circulating fluid flow channel of an adsorption module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the cryogenic adsorption system 100, cartridge 110, inlet chamber 111, clean gas chamber 112, flue gas inlet 113, flue gas outlet 114, coolant outlet 115, spacing 116, adsorption module 120, adsorption channel 121, gas inlet 1211, gas outlet 1212, adsorbent 1213, adsorption layer 1214, circulating fluid flow channel 122, circulating fluid inlet 1221, circulating fluid outlet 1222, serpentine channel unit 1223, packing layer 131, coolant spray assembly 132, heat exchanger 133.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
An adsorption module 120 having a cold recovery function and a low temperature adsorption system 100 having the adsorption module 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
The adsorption module 120 comprises an adsorption unit, the adsorption unit is filled with an adsorbent 1213, the adsorption unit is provided with an air inlet 1211 and an air outlet 1212, low-temperature flue gas at room temperature or below enters the adsorption unit through the air inlet 121, contacts with the adsorbent 1213, is adsorbed and purified into clean flue gas, and the clean flue gas is discharged from the air outlet 1212. During the contact of the low temperature flue gas with the sorbent 1213, there is an exchange with the sorbent 1213. In order to recycle the cold energy in the low-temperature flue gas, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, the cold energy recycling structure is integrated in the adsorption unit, or the cold energy recycling structure is arranged around the outside of the adsorption unit, and a cold energy recycling medium is circulated in the cold energy recycling structure and used for recycling the cold energy in the flue gas.
The adsorption module with the cold recovery function is different from the conventional stacking mode of the adsorption tower, the adsorbent is filled in the adsorption unit, the cold recovery structure for recovering cold in the flue gas is arranged in or outside the adsorption unit, the cold recovery medium can input the cold recovered from the adsorption module into the flue gas cooling module in the flue gas cooling system for cooling the flue gas, or the cold recovery medium can be sent to the adsorbent regeneration module for cooling the regenerated high-temperature adsorbent, and the cold recovery medium can be also sent to other equipment needing refrigeration for use, so that the consumption of cold in the whole flue gas adsorption regeneration system is reduced, the energy consumption of flue gas purification is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the running cost is further reduced.
The inventor of the application realizes in research that in conventional flue gas adsorption purification, because the temperature of flue gas is higher, the cold energy is not required to be recovered usually, so that a flue gas adsorption device in the prior art also has no cold energy recovery function, but in low-temperature flue gas adsorption, the cold energy in the flue gas is recovered and then utilized, so that the loss of the cold energy is avoided, and the energy consumption and the cost can be greatly reduced.
The cryogenic adsorption system 100 of an embodiment of the present invention includes a cartridge 110 and an adsorption module 120. The cylinder 110 is a hollow structure defining a chamber. The adsorption module 120 is located in the cylinder 110 and is in airtight fit with the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110, so that leakage of smoke is avoided. The adsorption module 120 separates the chamber of the cartridge 110 into an inlet chamber 111 and a clean air chamber 112. The cylinder 110 is provided with a flue gas inlet 113 and a flue gas outlet 114, the flue gas inlet 113 is communicated with the air inlet cavity 111, and the flue gas outlet 114 is communicated with the clean air cavity 112. The air inlet 1211 of the adsorption module 120 communicates with the air inlet chamber 111 and the air outlet 1212 of the adsorption module 120 communicates with the clean air chamber 112.
The flue gas enters the air inlet cavity 111 from the flue gas inlet 113, enters into contact with the adsorbent 1213 from the air inlet 1211 of the adsorption module 120, the adsorbent 1213 adsorbs the flue gas, and the clean flue gas flows out from the air outlet 1212 of the adsorption module 120, enters into the clean air cavity 112, and finally is discharged out of the cylinder 110 through the flue gas outlet 114.
The low-temperature adsorption system provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, and the adsorption unit is in modularized design, and is different from the traditional adsorption bed structure, and the cold recovery structure is arranged in the adsorption unit, so that the adsorption unit has the functions of adsorption and cold recovery. The low-temperature adsorption system provided by the embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for flue gas adsorption of small-sized equipment or small amount of flue gas adsorption and deep removal of clean gas.
In some embodiments, a plurality of parallel adsorption channels 121 are defined in the adsorption unit, two ends of the adsorption channels 121 are respectively communicated with the air inlet 1211 and the air outlet 1212, the adsorbent 1213 is filled in the adsorption channels 121, the flue gas enters the adsorption channels 121 through the air inlet 1211 and circulates in the adsorption channels 121, the flue gas is contacted and adsorbed with the adsorbent 1213 in the circulating process, the clean flue gas flows out from the air outlet 1212, the cold energy recovery medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature flue gas in the adsorption channels 121, and the cold energy available in the low-temperature flue gas is taken out.
In some embodiments, the adsorption channel 121 is filled with a plurality of types of adsorbents, and different types of adsorbents 1213 are used for adsorbing different pollutants in the flue gas, for example, different adsorbents 1213 may be used for adsorbing different pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, heavy metals, and the like in the flue gas respectively.
Alternatively, the adsorption passage 121 is filled with a filler mixed with a plurality of types of adsorbents 1213, which can effectively purify a plurality of pollutants in the smoke, with excellent smoke purification effect.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of adsorbents 1213 are layered in sequence in the flow path of the flue gas to form a multi-layered adsorbent layer 1214. Specifically, the adsorption channel 121 is filled with multiple layers of adsorbents 1213 of different types, and the adsorption layer 1214 formed by the different adsorbents 1213 can be used for adsorbing different pollutants in the flue gas, so that the flue gas is more completely purified, the adsorption is more targeted, and the recovery of the adsorbents of different types is facilitated. And the adsorbents of different types with saturated adsorption are respectively collected and regenerated, so that the regenerated gas of different types can be obtained, and the subsequent treatment difficulty of the regenerated gas is reduced.
In some embodiments, the adsorption channels 121 are filled with a plurality of adsorbents 1213 having different adsorption efficiencies, and the plurality of adsorbents 1213 are sequentially layered on the flow path of the flue gas to form a plurality of adsorption layers, and the adsorption efficiencies of the adsorption layers are gradually increased. In the flowing direction of the flue gas, the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption layer is increased, so that the purification degree of the flue gas can be ensured, and the use cost of the adsorbent can be reduced. The reason is that the higher the adsorption efficiency is, the higher the cost of the adsorbent is, so that the filling amount of the adsorbent with higher cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring the purification effect, and the overall use cost of the adsorbent is further reduced.
Alternatively, the adsorbent may be an adsorbent such as activated carbon, molecular sieve, or the like.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the adsorption channel 121 is a straight channel.
In order to increase the residence time of the flue gas in the adsorption channels 121, the contact time of the flue gas with the adsorbent 1213 is increased, making the adsorption more complete. In some alternative embodiments, the adsorption channel 121 is curvilinear. For example, the adsorption passage 121 is S-shaped or zigzag-shaped.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the adsorption channel 121 is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the flue gas, so that the residence time of the flue gas in the adsorption channel 121 can be prolonged to some extent, and the contact time of the flue gas and the adsorbent 1213 can be prolonged, so that the adsorption is more sufficient.
Alternatively, the packing amount of the adsorbent 1213 in the adsorption passage 121 is 10kg to 60kg. The inventors have found that when the loading amount of the adsorbent 1213 is less than 10kg, the adsorption capacity of the adsorption module 120 is reduced, and the adsorbent saturated with adsorption needs to be replaced frequently, resulting in lower efficiency, and the loading amount of the adsorbent 1213 is greater than 60kg, and replacement of the adsorbent 1213 is difficult. Therefore, the filling amount of the adsorbent 1213 in the adsorption passage 121 is in the range of 10kg to 60kg, and the adsorption capacity and the replacement frequency are more balanced and reasonable.
Alternatively, the flue gas throughput of the adsorption module 120 is 5Nm, depending on the number of adsorption channels 121 and the loading of the adsorbent 1213 3 /h to 20Nm 3 /h。
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the compliant flue gas flows upward, the cartridge 110 is vertically disposed, i.e., the axis of the cartridge 110 extends vertically, the clean air cavity 112 is located above the air intake cavity 111, and the adsorption module 120 is located vertically between the clean air cavity 112 and the air intake cavity 111. The gas inlet end of the adsorption channel 121 is the bottom end thereof, the gas outlet end of the adsorption channel 121 is the top end thereof, and the flue gas gradually flows upwards in the adsorption channel 121 to be contacted and adsorbed with the adsorbent 1213 of the adsorption channel 121.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the cylinder 110 is disposed horizontally, i.e., the axis of the cylinder 110 extends horizontally, the clean air chamber 112 and the intake air chamber 111 are disposed in a horizontal direction, and the adsorption module 120 is located between the clean air chamber 112 and the intake air chamber 111 in a horizontal direction.
In some embodiments, the adsorption module 120 is removably disposed within the cartridge 110 to facilitate replacement after saturation of adsorption. For example, the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110 is provided with a limiting structure to support and limit the adsorption module 120, so that the adsorption module 120 is more convenient to disassemble and assemble, and for example, the adsorption module 120 is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110 through a detachable bolt, and the connecting bolt is screwed down to disassemble the adsorption module 120.
In some embodiments, the adsorption module 120 includes a number of gas-permeable containers, the adsorbent 1213 is filled in the gas-permeable containers, and the number of gas-permeable containers filled with the adsorbent 1213 are fitted in the number of adsorption channels 121 in a one-to-one correspondence and detachably.
The adsorbent 1213 is filled in a number of gas-permeable containers and is detachably disposed in the adsorption passage 121. When the adsorption saturated adsorbent 1213 is replaced, the entire air-permeable container is withdrawn from the adsorption passage 121, and the air-permeable container filled with a new adsorbent 1213 is again charged. The replacement of the adsorbent is unitized and modularized, so that the replacement of the adsorbent is more convenient and quick, the feeding and discharging operations are not needed, the friction and collision among the adsorbent particles are reduced, and the generation of dust and the loss of the adsorbent are reduced.
In some embodiments, cryogenic adsorption system 100 further comprises a cooling module located within air inlet cavity 111 for cooling flue gas entering cartridge 110 to or below room temperature. The low-temperature flue gas cooled by the cooling module enters the adsorption module 120 for low-temperature adsorption. The cooling module and the adsorption module 120 are integrated in one cylinder 110, so that the equipment number and the equipment occupied area of the flue gas adsorption system are reduced, and the equipment integration level is improved.
Optionally, the cooling module is a spray cooling module, as shown in fig. 1, the spray cooling module includes a filler layer 131 and a cooling liquid spray assembly 132, the cooling liquid spray assembly 132 sprays cooling liquid to the filler layer 131, and heat exchange is performed between the cooling liquid and the flue gas in direct contact with the filler layer 131, so as to cool the flue gas.
Alternatively, the cooling module is a heat exchanger 133, as shown in fig. 4, where the flue gas and the cooling medium exchange heat in the middle of the heat exchanger 133 to cool the flue gas.
An adsorption module and a cryogenic adsorption system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-7.
Fig. 1 and 2 show a cryogenic adsorption system of an embodiment of the present invention, the cryogenic adsorption system 100 of the present embodiment comprising a cylinder 110, an adsorption module 120 and a spray cooling module.
In this embodiment, the cylinder 110 is vertical, the clean air chamber 112 is disposed above the air intake chamber 111, and the adsorption module 120 is located between the clean air chamber 112 and the air intake chamber 111 in the vertical direction. The outer circumferential surface of the adsorption module 120 is in sealing connection with the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110, so that the leakage of smoke from the connection gap is avoided. The adsorption module 120 is provided with a plurality of adsorption channels 121 penetrating through the adsorption module, and the adsorption channels 121 are arranged in parallel.
As shown in fig. 2, eight adsorption passages 121 having a circular cross section are uniformly spaced apart from each other on the adsorption module 120. In other alternative embodiments, the adsorption module 120 may be further provided with other numbers and other cross-sectional shapes of adsorption channels 121, which the present invention is not limited to.
As shown in fig. 1, the adsorption passage 121 extends in the vertical direction, the bottom end of the adsorption passage 121 is opened to form an air inlet 1211, and the top end is opened to form an air outlet 1212. The adsorption passage 121 is filled with an adsorbent 1213. When the flue gas is adsorbed and purified, the flue gas to be adsorbed in the lower air inlet cavity 111 enters the adsorption channel 121 through the air inlet 1211 and flows upwards, contacts and adsorbs the adsorbent 1213 in the adsorption channel 121, and the adsorbed clean flue gas enters the clean air cavity 112 from the air outlet 1212.
Alternatively, the diameter of the adsorption passage 121 is 20mm to 50mm. Alternatively, the length of the adsorption passage 121 in the vertical direction is 500mm to 3000mm.
In the present embodiment, the cold recovery structure of the adsorption module 120 is configured as a circulating fluid flow channel 122, the circulating fluid flow channel 122 is formed in the adsorption unit of the adsorption module 120, and the circulating fluid flows through the circulating fluid flow channel 122 to recover cold in the flue gas.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the circulating fluid flow passage 122 includes a plurality of serpentine passage units 1223, the serpentine passage units 1223 extending in a horizontal plane, the plurality of serpentine passage units 1223 being disposed at intervals in a vertical direction, adjacent serpentine passage units 1223 in the vertical direction communicating. The circulating liquid flow channels 122 are arranged between the adsorption channels 121 in a penetrating way, circulating liquid in the circulating liquid flow channels 122 exchanges heat with low-temperature flue gas in the adsorption channels 121, and cold in the low-temperature flue gas is taken away.
As shown in fig. 1, the inlet (circulating fluid inlet 1221) of the circulating fluid flow channel 122 of the adsorption module 120 is located below the outlet (circulating fluid outlet 1222), and the circulating fluid gradually flows upward in the circulating fluid flow channel 122.
Alternatively, the circulating fluid in the circulating fluid flow channel 122 is circulating water or a phase change energy storage material. Optionally, the phase change energy storage material is sodium chloride (NaCl) water solution or calcium chloride (CaCl) 2 ) An aqueous solution.
Of course, in other embodiments, the cold recovery structure of the adsorption module 120 may not use the above-mentioned channel structure. For example, the adsorption module 120 includes a hollow box and a plurality of adsorbent cylinders for filling adsorbent, the adsorbent cylinders are disposed in the hollow box and penetrate through the hollow box, a cavity for circulating liquid is defined between the inner wall of the hollow box and the adsorbent cylinders, the hollow box is provided with a circulating liquid inlet and a circulating liquid outlet which are communicated with the cavity, the circulating liquid flows into the cavity from the circulating liquid inlet and flows out from the circulating liquid outlet, and in the process of circulating the circulating liquid in the cavity, the circulating liquid exchanges heat with the adsorbent filled in the adsorbent cylinders and the flue gas in the circulation, so as to take away the cold energy in the flue gas. In these embodiments, the heat exchange efficiency between the circulating liquid and the adsorbent is higher.
As shown in fig. 1, the spray cooling module is located below the adsorption module 120, the spray cooling module includes a filler layer 131 and a cooling liquid spray assembly 132, the cooling liquid spray assembly 132 sprays cooling liquid to the top of the filler layer 131, and the flue gas inlet 113 is located below the filler layer 131. In the packing layer 131, the cooling liquid is in direct contact with the flue gas for heat exchange, and the flue gas is cooled. In this embodiment, the cold zone liquid is cooling water. As shown in fig. 1, a coolant outlet 115 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 110 for discharging the sprayed coolant.
Optionally, the packing layer 131 is one or more of 50-type pall ring random packing and 250X structured packing.
The spray cooling module is arranged below the adsorption module 120, the upward flowing direction of the flue gas is complied, the adsorption module and the cooling module are arranged in the vertical direction, and the occupied area of the equipment is reduced.
Alternatively, the cryogenic adsorption system 100 has a height of 3m to 20m. Further alternatively, cryogenic adsorption system 100 occupies a floor space of between 2 square meters and 10 square meters.
The cooling adsorption process of the low temperature adsorption system 100 of the present embodiment is briefly described below.
The high-temperature flue gas flows upwards after entering the air inlet cavity 111 from the flue gas inlet 113, and is sprayed by cooling liquid to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to about minus 20 ℃, and dust and HCl, HF, NO can be removed by washing in the spraying and cooling process of the flue gas 2 And the like, and simultaneously, small amount of SO is removed by washing 2 . Containing SO 2 The low-temperature flue gas with NO enters the adsorption channel 121 and contacts with the adsorbent 1213, and the adsorbent 1213 removes SO in the flue gas in a physical adsorption mode 2 . At the same time, NO is converted into NO by low-temperature oxidation reaction on the surface of the adsorbent material 2 In NO 2 Form adsorption and removal (low temperature oxidation adsorption). The adsorbed clean flue gas enters the clean air chamber 112 and is discharged through the flue gas outlet 114.
The low temperature flue gas contacts the adsorbent 1213 in the adsorption passage 121 and exchanges heat with the adsorbent 1213. The circulating liquid circulates in the circulating liquid circulation channel 122, and exchanges heat with the adsorbent 1213 to recycle the cold in the low-temperature flue gas, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency.
Fig. 3 illustrates a cryogenic adsorption system of another embodiment of the invention. The cryogenic adsorption system 100 of the present embodiment includes a cylinder 110, an adsorption module 120, and a spray cooling module. The cylinder 110 is vertically arranged, the clean air chamber 112 is disposed above the air intake chamber 111, and the adsorption module 120 is located between the clean air chamber 112 and the air intake chamber 111 in the vertical direction. The structure of the adsorption module 120 can refer to the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
In this embodiment, the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110 is provided with a limiting structure to support and limit the adsorption module 120, so that the adsorption module 120 is convenient to replace.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a portion of the inner wall surface of the cylinder 110 protrudes inward to form a limit portion 116, and the bottom of the adsorption module 120 abuts against the upper surface of the limit portion 116 to achieve limit. When the adsorption module 120 is installed, the adsorption module 120 is installed in the cylinder 110 from top to bottom until the bottom of the adsorption module 120 abuts against the limiting portion 116, and the limiting portion 116 supports and limits the adsorption module 120 in the vertical upward direction.
As the adsorption time is prolonged, the adsorption capacity of the adsorption module 120 is lowered, and the adsorption module 120 needs to be replaced. The adsorption module 120 with saturated adsorption is pulled out of the cylinder 110 upwards, a new adsorption module 120 is installed until the bottom of the adsorption module 120 is propped against the limiting part 116, the replacement of the adsorption module 120 is completed, the replacement process is convenient and quick, and additional installation and disassembly operations are not needed.
Fig. 4 illustrates a cryogenic adsorption system 100 of a further embodiment of the invention. The cryogenic adsorption system 100 of the present embodiment includes a cylinder 110, an adsorption module 120, and a spray cooling module.
In this embodiment, the cylinder 110 is horizontal, the clean air chamber 112 and the air intake chamber 111 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the adsorption module 120 is located between the clean air chamber 112 and the air intake chamber 111 in the horizontal direction.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the air inlet cavity 111 is located at the left side of the clean air cavity 112, the flue gas inlet 113 is provided at the left side wall of the cylinder 110 and communicates with the air inlet cavity 111, and the flue gas outlet 114 is provided at the right side wall of the cylinder 110 and communicates with the clean air cavity 112.
The adsorption module 120 is provided with a plurality of adsorption channels 121, the adsorption channels 121 extend along the horizontal direction, and the flue gas flows through the adsorption channels 121 along the horizontal direction.
In this embodiment, the cooling module is a heat exchanger 133, and as shown in fig. 4, the heat exchanger 133 is located at the left side of the adsorption module 120. The heat exchanger 133 has a cold side and a hot side (not shown in the figures), the cold side of the heat exchanger 133 being circulated with a cooling gas or cooling liquid, and the flue gas being circulated on the hot side of the heat exchanger 133, the heat exchange medium of the cold side exchanging heat with the flue gas of the hot side to cool the flue gas.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the flue gas inlet 113 is located on the left side of the heat exchanger 133. The flue gas flows rightward through the hot side of the heat exchanger 133 after entering the air intake cavity 111 from the flue gas inlet 113, and in the heat exchanger 133, the heat exchange medium indirectly exchanges heat with the flue gas to cool the flue gas. The cooled low temperature flue gas passes through the adsorption module 120 to the right along the adsorption channel 121, enters the clean air cavity 112, and is discharged through the flue gas outlet 114.
The low temperature flue gas contacts the adsorbent 1213 in the adsorption passage 121 and exchanges heat with the adsorbent 1213. The circulating liquid circulates in the circulating liquid circulation channel 122 of the adsorption module 120, and exchanges heat with the adsorbent 1213 to recycle the cold in the low-temperature flue gas, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency.
As shown in fig. 4, the inlet (circulating fluid inlet 1221) of the circulating fluid flow channel 122 of the adsorption module 120 is located below the outlet (circulating fluid outlet 1222), and the circulating fluid gradually flows upward in the circulating fluid flow channel 122.
In summary, the low-temperature adsorption system 100 according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small gas flow resistance and low cost, and is particularly suitable for flue gas adsorption of small-sized equipment or small amount of flue gas adsorption and deep removal of clean gas. The cold recovery structure is arranged in the adsorption module to recover the cold in the low-temperature flue gas, so that the cold consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An adsorption module with cold recovery function, comprising:
the adsorption unit is internally provided with an adsorbent, the adsorption unit is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, low-temperature flue gas at room temperature or below enters the adsorption unit through the air inlet to be contacted with the adsorbent so as to be adsorbed and purified into purified flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged from the air outlet;
the cold energy recovery structure is arranged in the adsorption unit or around the outside of the adsorption unit, and cold energy recovery medium for recovering cold energy in the flue gas circulates in the cold energy recovery structure.
2. The adsorption module with the cold recovery function according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of adsorption channels are arranged in the adsorption unit, two ends of each adsorption channel are respectively communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, and the adsorbent is filled in each adsorption channel.
3. The adsorption module with the cold recovery function according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of adsorbents are filled in the adsorption channel, the adsorption capacity of each adsorbent for specific pollutants in the flue gas is higher than that of other adsorbents for the specific pollutants, and the plurality of adsorbents are sequentially layered in the flow direction of the flue gas to form a plurality of adsorbent layers; or, the adsorption cylinder is filled with a plurality of adsorbents, the adsorbents are sequentially layered in the flowing direction of the flue gas to form a plurality of adsorbent layers, and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent layers is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the flue gas.
4. The adsorption module with a cold recovery function according to claim 2, wherein the adsorption channel is curved; and/or the cross-sectional area of the adsorption channel is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the flue gas.
5. The adsorption module with a cold recovery function according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cold recovery structure is a circulating fluid flow channel, and circulating fluid is circulated in the circulating fluid flow channel to recover cold in the flue gas.
6. The adsorption module with a cold recovery function according to claim 5, wherein the circulating fluid circulation channel comprises a plurality of serpentine channel units, the serpentine channel units extend on a horizontal plane, the plurality of serpentine channel units are arranged at intervals in a vertical direction, and adjacent serpentine channel units in the vertical direction are communicated.
7. A cryogenic adsorption system comprising:
the cylinder body is internally provided with a cavity;
the adsorption module is an adsorption module according to any one of claims 1-6, the adsorption module is positioned in the cylinder and is connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder, the adsorption module isolates the cavity into an air inlet cavity and a gas purifying cavity, the cylinder is provided with a flue gas inlet communicated with the air inlet cavity and a flue gas outlet communicated with the gas purifying cavity, the air inlet of the adsorption module is communicated with the air inlet cavity, and the air outlet of the adsorption module is communicated with the gas purifying cavity.
8. The cryogenic adsorption system of claim 7, wherein the adsorption module is removably disposed within the cartridge; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adsorption module is provided with a plurality of parallel adsorption channels, two ends of each adsorption channel are respectively communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, the adsorption module comprises a plurality of ventilation containers, the ventilation containers are filled with adsorbents, and the ventilation containers are correspondingly and detachably arranged in the adsorption channels.
9. The cryogenic adsorption system of claim 7, wherein the cartridge is horizontal, the clean air chamber and the intake air chamber are arranged in a horizontal direction, and the adsorption module is positioned between the clean air chamber and the intake air chamber in a horizontal direction; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the cylinder body is vertical, the clean gas cavity is located above the air inlet cavity, and the adsorption module is located between the clean gas cavity and the air inlet cavity in the vertical direction.
10. The cryogenic adsorption system of claim 7, further comprising a cooling module located within the air intake chamber for cooling flue gas entering the cartridge to or below room temperature.
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