CN116283315B - 一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116283315B CN116283315B CN202211731565.8A CN202211731565A CN116283315B CN 116283315 B CN116283315 B CN 116283315B CN 202211731565 A CN202211731565 A CN 202211731565A CN 116283315 B CN116283315 B CN 116283315B
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- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical group [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical class [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002000 Xyloglucan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum zirconium carbon Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010952 in-situ formation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQMIWLMVTCKXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[C] Chemical compound [AlH3].[C] RQMIWLMVTCKXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
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- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖及其制备方法，属于耐火材料技术领域。该滑板砖的组成按质量百分比配比为：烧结尖晶石颗粒57～65％，碳化硅颗粒1％～5％，35％～40％的共磨粉，总百分比为100％，外加3％～5％结合剂，其中，所述结合剂由聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合而得，共磨粉由6％～17％的烧结尖晶石细粉，5％～10％电熔镁砂粉、10～15％的金属铝粉、2％～6％的α‑Al2O3微粉、1％～3％的金属硅粉混合均匀制得。本发明以聚糖和卤水为结合剂，同时采用高温氮化烧成固定游离碳源，生成增强相，提高了滑板的高温强度、抗侵蚀性能、抗热震性能和使用寿命，适合冶炼超低碳钢种的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
滑板砖是连铸过程中控制钢水流量和流速的关键部件，其性能的好坏直接影响连铸工艺和钢坯质量。因此，要求滑板砖具有优良的抗侵蚀、抗热震和耐钢水冲刷等特性。当浇铸钙处理钢、高氧钢、Al镇静钢等高腐蚀性钢种时，普通铝碳滑板和铝锆碳熔损严重，耐用性明显下降。碱性材料具有抗CaO侵蚀的优点，但由于较大的热膨胀系数和有限的强度削弱了其优良的抗侵蚀性能，限制了碱性滑板的多次使用。碱性滑板因为石墨的存在，难于熔渣润湿、热导率高、可以缓和应力，因此较高的碳含量有效保证碱性滑板服役时寿命的稳定性和安全性。随着国内供求关系的变化，国内钢铁企业的低碳钢、超低碳钢的产能在不断增长。而碳含量的降低，势必会影响滑板的性能，进而影响滑板的耐用性。
常规尖晶石滑板砖的浇注成型工艺由于每次浇注只是几十块，生产效率低。且制备过程中会引入碳，经检索，专利CN111662090A公开了一种镁铝尖晶石-碳化硅颗粒-铝复合耐火材料。其包括骨料和基质；骨料为电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒和烧结镁铝尖晶石颗粒，电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒和烧结镁铝尖晶石颗粒的加入量为原料总量的50％～70％；基质为碳化硅颗粒、氧化铝、氧化镁；基质中还加入了经包覆处理的金属铝粉，加入比例为原料总质量的2％～8％；骨料、基质与结合剂混合均匀后进行机压成型，干燥后在埋碳气氛下烧成制得镁铝尖晶石-碳化硅颗粒-铝复合耐火材料。其中结合剂是一种树脂类有机物粘结剂，为氨基水溶性树脂、酚醛树脂中的一种。此外，专利CN106565249A公开了一种石英耐火材料，各组分的重量份为：石英砂135-169份；硼酸10-20份；木质素-糖组合物10-15份；酚醛树脂15-20份；氧化锆45-60份；硅酸镁20-25份；硅酸钠20-30份；氧化镁90-125份；氧化钙90-125份。该发明提供的石英耐火材料，采用木质素-糖组合物可以部分替代酚醛树脂作为耐火材料的粘合剂，应用于耐火材料领域粘合效果好。但以上结合剂中均引入树脂，树脂含碳量高，用于钙处理钢的浇钢环境，会造成增碳、对钢水产生副作用。
发明内容
1.要解决的问题
针对现有结合剂引入碳含量过多导致增碳从而对钢水产生副作用的问题，本发明提供一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖及其制备方法，制得的滑板砖中含碳量低。
2.技术方案
为了解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，其组成按质量百分比配比为：烧结尖晶石颗粒57～65％，碳化硅颗粒1％～5％，35％～40％的共磨粉，总百分比为100％，外加3％～5％结合剂。其中所述共磨粉由6％～17％的烧结尖晶石细粉，5％～10％电熔镁砂粉、10～15％的金属铝粉、2％～6％的α-Al2O3微粉、1％～3％的金属硅粉混合均匀制得。
所述结合剂为聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合而得；其中聚糖为葡聚糖、木葡聚糖、羟甲基葡聚糖的一种，其外观为白色或者淡黄色固体，DE值≥100，PH值4.0-7.0，固形物：≥80％；卤水为饱和的硫酸镁溶液或者饱和的氯化镁溶液。聚糖常温下具有初始的粘度可作为定型制品的结合剂，干燥后聚糖分解形成碳网格机构，具有干燥强度，氮化烧成过程中分解的碳反应生产增强相；卤水常温下和聚糖混合后具有初始的成型强度，烧成过程中卤水分解形成方镁石增强相，是良好的无机结合剂。
优选的，所述烧结尖晶石颗粒的粒径为(3～1、1～0)mm，烧结尖晶石细粉的粒径为200目，各粒径重量百分比为：粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒30％～35％、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒24％～35％、粒径为200目的烧结尖晶石细粉6％～17％；所述烧结尖晶石细粉中：MgO的含量74％～76％，Al2O3的含量22％～24％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.2％，R2O的含量≤0.25％。
优选的，所述电熔镁砂粉的粒径为200目；所述电熔镁砂粉中：MgO的含量≥97.5％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.5％，SiO2的含量≤0.5％，CaO的含量≤1.2％。
优选的，所述碳化硅颗粒的粒径为1～0mm；所述碳化硅颗粒中：SiC的含量≥97％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.4％，游离碳的含量≤0.5％，水分的含量≤0.2％，SiO2的含量≤0.6％。
优选的，所述α-Al2O3微粉的粒径为5um；所述α-Al2O3微粉中：Al2O3的含量≥99％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.08％，SiO2的含量≤0.2％，R2O的含量≤0.25％。
优选的，所述金属铝粉的粒径为325目；所述金属铝粉中：Al的含量≥99％，活性Al的含量≥95％，Fe的含量≤0.2％，Si的含量≤0.2％，Cu的含量≤0.1％。
优选的，所述金属硅粉的粒径为325目；所述金属硅粉中：Si的含量≥98％，Fe的含量≤1％，Al的含量≤0.6％，Ca的含量≤1％。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖的制备方法，按以下步骤具体进行：
步骤一、颗粒配料：按重量百分比将粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒和粒径为1～0mm的碳化硅颗粒均匀混合得到颗粒配料；
步骤二、共磨粉制备：按重量百分比将电熔镁砂粉、烧结尖晶石细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、金属硅粉和金属铝粉混合均匀制得共磨粉；
步骤三、结合剂制备：聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合，混合时间不低于2分钟，混合后静置15分钟；
步骤四、混料：将颗粒骨料用湿碾机干混1～3分钟，然后缓慢加入结合剂3％-4％的结合剂湿混3-5分钟，后加入共磨粉，混合20～25分钟后得到混合料；
步骤五、成型：将混合料在1000t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型，得到砖坯，自然凉放8小时；
步骤六、干燥：将砖坯置于干燥窑中部，进窑初始温度设置为50℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到80℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到120℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到150℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到200～220℃之间，保温12小时；总干燥时间48小时以上；出窑后挑选合格半成品；
步骤七、氮化烧成：在15m梭式窑进行氮化烧成，窑内升温20-25℃/h，1600-1650℃保温16h，烧成时间80-98h，冷却时间48-60h，冷却至80℃以下方打开窑门；烧成过程中梭式窑内通入氮气；
步骤八、打箍：铁箍位于中部、铁箍焊缝不得超过1mm，铁箍与滑板间隙不得超过1mm；
步骤九、磨制：在数控立轴圆台平面磨床上磨制，滑板工作面平整度小于0.05mm，滑板磨制过程中产生的水分利用红外干燥器进行烘干；
步骤十、贴面、涂层、检验后包装即可得到成品。
现有技术中滑板砖采用浇筑成型，其结合剂一般采用树脂等高含碳材料，但树脂烧结后以游离碳的形式存在于组分中，应用于钙处理钢的浇钢环境中，会造成增碳、对钢水产生副作用。因此本发明采用聚糖和卤水的混合物，并在高温烧成过程中通入氮气，一方面卤水高温热分解原位生成方镁石增强相，提高了尖晶石滑板砖的强度，另一方面加入过量的金属铝粉(10～15％)，在高温氮化烧成过程中金属铝、聚糖碳化后分散的碳源和气氛中的N2原位生成非氧化物增强相Al2OC-AlNss，同时高温烧成过程中金属铝生成Al2O3，进而和基质中的方镁石反应原位生成镁铝尖晶石增强相，通过烧成过程中的复杂的化学反应，不仅提高了尖晶石滑板砖的强度，有效的改善了尖晶石滑板砖的抗侵蚀性能和抗热震性能，并且通过对金属铝的消耗减少了易水化的AlN和Al4C3的产生，解决了滑板砖易水化的问题。通过高温氮化烧成，结合剂聚糖中的碳在氮化烧成过程中全部转化为非氧化物增强相，不外加碳源，可满足洁净钢的冶炼需求；烧成过程中产生的增强相有效提高了滑板砖的强度、抗侵蚀性能和抗热震性能，从而提高了滑板砖的使用寿命，本发明的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖与普通浇注成型的尖晶石滑板砖相比，滑板使用寿命由1次提高至2.2次以上。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术，本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明不外加碳源，结合剂聚糖中的碳在氮化烧成过程中全部转化为非氧化物增强相，可满足洁净钢的冶炼需求；
(2)本发明以聚糖和卤水作为结合剂，添加过量的塑性金属铝，在高温氮化烧成过程中金属铝、聚糖碳化后分散的碳源和气氛中的N2原位生成非氧化物增强相Al2OC-AlNss，同时高温烧成过程中金属铝生成Al2O3，进而和基质中的方镁石反应原位生成镁铝尖晶石增强相，通过烧成过程中的复杂的化学反应，不仅提高了尖晶石滑板砖的强度，有效改善了尖晶石滑板砖的抗侵蚀性能和抗热震性能，而且减少了易水化的AlN和Al4C3的产生，解决了滑板砖易水化的问题；使用过程中不会造成大包套管Al2O3的堆积而堵塞铸孔；
(3)本发明高温烧成过程中卤水分解原位生成方镁石增强相，提高了尖晶石滑板砖的强度；
(4)本发明添加金属硅粉，在高温氮化烧成过程中金属硅、方镁石和气孔中少量的O2发生复杂的化学反应，原位生产高温增强相M2S(镁橄榄石)，提高了滑板抗侵蚀性能；
(5)本发明不添加碳源，结合剂聚糖中的碳在氮化烧成过程中全部转化为非氧化物增强相，可满足洁净钢的冶炼需求；
(6)本发明以聚糖和卤水作为结合剂，可通过电动螺旋压力机压制而成，解决了普通尖晶石滑板砖因浇注成型而生产效率低的问题，且滑板使用寿命由1次提高至2.2次以上。
附图说明
以下将结合附图和实施例来对本发明的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，但是应当知道，这些附图仅是为解释目的而设计的，因此不作为本发明范围的限定。此外，除非特别指出，这些附图仅意在概念性地说明此处描述的结构构造，而不必要依比例进行绘制。
图1为原位生产的非氧化物增强相Al2OC-AlNss的电镜照片。
具体实施方式
下文对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述参考了附图，该附图形成描述的一部分，在该附图中作为示例示出了本发明可实施的示例性实施例。尽管这些示例性实施例被充分详细地描述以使得本领域技术人员能够实施本发明，但应当理解可实现其他实施例且可在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下对本发明作各种改变。下文对本发明的实施例的更详细的描述并不用于限制所要求的本发明的范围，而仅仅为了进行举例说明且不限制对本发明的特点和特征的描述，以提出执行本发明的最佳方式，并足以使得本领域技术人员能够实施本发明。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附权利要求来限定。
实施例1
一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其组成按质量百分比配比为：烧结尖晶石颗粒65％，碳化硅颗粒5％，35％的共磨粉，总百分比为100％，外加3.5％结合剂。所述共磨粉由17％的烧结尖晶石粉，5％电熔镁砂粉、10的金属铝粉、2％的α-Al2O3微粉、1％的金属硅粉混合均匀制得。所述结合剂为聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合而得；其中聚糖为葡聚糖，其外观为白色或者淡黄色固体，DE值≥100，PH值4.0-7.0，固形物：≥80％；卤水为饱和的硫酸镁溶液。
所述烧结尖晶石颗粒的粒径为(3～1、1～0)mm，烧结尖晶石细粉的粒径为200目，各粒径重量百分比为：粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒30％、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒35％、粒径为200目的烧结尖晶石细粉17％；所述烧结尖晶石颗粒和烧结尖晶石细粉中：MgO的含量74％～76％，Al2O3的含量22％～24％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.2％，R2O的含量≤0.25％。
所述电熔镁砂粉的粒径为200目；所述电熔镁砂粉中：MgO的含量≥97.5％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.5％，SiO2的含量≤0.5％，CaO的含量≤1.2％。
所述碳化硅颗粒的粒径为1～0mm；所述碳化硅颗粒中：SiC的含量≥97％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.4％，游离碳的含量≤0.5％，水分的含量≤0.2％，SiO2的含量≤0.6％。
所述α-Al2O3微粉的粒径为5um；所述α-Al2O3微粉中：Al2O3的含量≥99％，Fe2O3的含量≤0.08％，SiO2的含量≤0.2％，R2O的含量≤0.25％。
所述金属铝粉的粒径为325目；所述金属铝粉中：Al的含量≥99％，活性Al的含量≥95％，Fe的含量≤0.2％，Si的含量≤0.2％，Cu的含量≤0.1％。
所述金属硅粉的粒径为325目；所述金属硅粉中：Si的含量≥98％，Fe的含量≤1％，Al的含量≤0.6％，Ca的含量≤1％。
制备方法按以下步骤进行：
S1、颗粒配料：按重量百分比将粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒和粒径为1～0mm的碳化硅颗粒均匀混合得到颗粒配料；
S2、共磨粉制备：按重量百分比将电熔镁砂粉、烧结尖晶石细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、金属硅粉和金属铝粉混合均匀制得共磨粉；
S3、结合剂制备：聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合，混合时间3分钟，混合后静置15分钟；
S4、混料：将颗粒骨料用湿碾机干混3分钟，然后缓慢加入结合剂3.5％的结合剂湿混5分钟，后加入共磨粉，混合20分钟后得到混合料；
S5、成型：将混合料在1000t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型，得到砖坯，自然凉放8小时；
S6、干燥：将砖坯置于干燥窑中部，进窑初始温度设置为50℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到80℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到120℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到150℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到200℃之间，保温12小时；总干燥时间48小时以上；出窑后挑选合格半成品；
S7、氮化烧成：在15m梭式窑进行氮化烧成，窑内升温20℃/h，1600℃保温16h，烧成时间84h，冷却时间48h，冷却至80℃以下方打开窑门；烧成过程中梭式窑内通入氮气；
S8、打箍：铁箍位于中部、铁箍焊缝不得超过1mm，铁箍与滑板间隙不得超过1mm；
S9、磨制：在数控立轴圆台平面磨床上磨制，滑板工作面平整度小于0.05mm，滑板磨制过程中产生的水分利用红外干燥器进行烘干；
S10、贴面、涂层、检验后包装即可得到成品。
实施例2
本实施例的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其组成成分及重量百分比按照表1所示的配方，制备方法同实施例1，工艺参数见表2。
实施例3
本实施例的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其组成成分及重量百分比按照表1所示的配方，制备方法同实施例1，工艺参数见表2。
表1本发明各实施例所采用配料的粒型及百分比
表2本发明各实施例的工艺参数
本发明的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖与普通尖晶石滑板砖的理化性能和平均使用寿命参数对比如表3：
表3本发明的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖与普通尖晶石滑板砖的理化性能和平均使用寿命对比
将上述实施例得到的无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖在某公司的钙处理钢上试用，试验结束后对本发明滑板砖与普通尖晶石产品进行侵蚀、裂纹等对比分析。本发明滑板使用寿命达到2.2次以上，平均扩径8mm，平均侵蚀速率3.33mm/次。通过与普通尖晶石滑板砖对比测量数据分析，本发明滑板的平均侵蚀速率3.33mm/次，优于现有尖晶石滑板砖的平均侵蚀速率5mm/炉。滑板耐磨性情况：普通尖晶石滑板砖表面裂纹较多，结构疏松，热震性能较差；本发明滑板使用三次后表面情况良好，具备良好的结合强度和抗热震性能。
Claims (8)
1.一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，其组成按质量百分比配比为：烧结尖晶石颗粒57～65%，碳化硅颗粒1%～5%，35%～40%的共磨粉，总百分比为100%，外加3%～5%结合剂，所述结合剂由聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合而得，所述卤水为饱和的硫酸镁溶液或者饱和的氯化镁溶液，所述无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖由高温氮化烧成制得，所述共磨粉由6%～17%的烧结尖晶石粉，5%～10%电熔镁砂粉、10～15%的金属铝粉、2%～6%的α-Al2O3微粉、1%～3%的金属硅粉混合均匀制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，所述聚糖为葡聚糖、木葡聚糖、羟甲基葡聚糖中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，高温氮化烧成过程中，烧成温度为1600-1650℃，保温时间为16h，烧成总时间为80-98h。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，所述烧结尖晶石颗粒的粒径为（3～1、1～0）mm，所述烧结尖晶石细粉的粒径为200目，各粒径重量百分比为：粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒30%～35%、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒24%～35%、粒径为200目的烧结尖晶石细粉6%～17%。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，所述电熔镁砂粉的粒径为200目；所述碳化硅颗粒的粒径为1～0mm；所述α-Al2O3微粉的粒径为5um；所述金属铝粉的粒径为325目；所述金属硅粉的粒径为325目。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖，其特征在于，
所述烧结尖晶石颗粒和烧结尖晶石细粉中：MgO的含量74%～76%，Al2O3的含量22%～24%，Fe2O3的含量≤0.2%，R2O的含量≤0.25%；
所述电熔镁砂粉中：MgO的含量≥97.5%，Fe2O3的含量≤0.5%，SiO2的含量≤0.5%，CaO的含量≤1.2%；
所述碳化硅颗粒中：SiC的含量≥97%，Fe2O3的含量≤0.4%，游离碳的含量≤0.5%，水分的含量≤0.2%，SiO2的含量≤0.6%；
所述α-Al2O3微粉中：Al2O3的含量≥99%，Fe2O3的含量≤0.08%，SiO2的含量≤0.2%，R2O的含量≤0.25%；
所述金属铝粉中：Al的含量≥99%，活性Al的含量≥95%，Fe的含量≤0.2%，Si的含量≤0.2%，Cu的含量≤0.1%；
所述金属硅粉中：Si的含量≥98%，Fe的含量≤1%，Al的含量≤0.6%，Ca的含量≤1%。
7.一种制备权利要求1-6任一项所述无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、颗粒配料：按重量百分比将粒径为3～1mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒、粒径为1～0mm的烧结尖晶石颗粒和粒径为1～0mm的碳化硅颗粒均匀混合得到颗粒配料；
步骤二、共磨粉制备：按重量百分比将电熔镁砂粉、烧结尖晶石细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、金属硅粉和金属铝粉混合均匀制得共磨粉；
步骤三、结合剂制备：聚糖和卤水按1：2的比例混合均匀后静置；
步骤四、混料：将颗粒骨料混合均匀，加入3%-4%的结合剂混合均匀，最后加入共磨粉，混合得到混合料；
步骤五、成型；
步骤六、干燥：将砖坯干燥后挑选合格半成品；
步骤七、氮化烧成：烧成过程中通入氮气；
步骤八、打箍；
步骤九、磨制；
步骤十、贴面、涂层、检验后包装即可得到成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种无碳机压尖晶石滑板砖的制备方法，其特征在于，
步骤三中，混合时间不低于2分钟，静置时间为15分钟；
步骤四中，颗粒骨料混合时间为1～3分钟，加入结合剂后混合3-5分钟，加入共磨粉后混合20～25分钟；
步骤六中，初始温度为50℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到80℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到120℃，在此温度下保温12小时；将温度升高到150℃，在此温度下保温6小时；将温度升高到200～220℃之间，保温12小时；总干燥时间为48小时以上；
步骤七中，升温速率为20-25℃/h，冷却时间为48-60h，冷却至80℃以下方可出窖。
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