CN116267792A - Disease prevention method for black chicken breeding - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a disease prevention method for black chicken breeding, belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and aims to solve the problems of high morbidity and poor disease prevention and control effect in the current old-hospital black chicken breeding. The method has the advantages that the method adopts the steps of selecting a proper place, scientifically feeding and managing the chickens, performing disinfection, performing immunization, utilizing the microecological preparation to prevent diseases and reasonably preventing and dosing to feed the old black chickens, can thoroughly cut off the paths of circulating infection of various pathogens, improve the health level of chicken flocks, and can also change the intestinal environment of the black chickens or inhibit the pathogenic bacteria flocks together with beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tracts, simultaneously secrete and synthesize a large amount of amino acids, proteins, vitamins, various biochemical enzymes, antibiotics, growth promoting factors and other nutrient and hormone substances, so as to regulate and improve the organism functions of the chickens, improve the feed conversion rate, and achieve the purposes of eliminating the odor of excrement and urine, preventing and curing diseases, improving the survival rate, promoting the growth and reproduction and reducing the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a disease prevention method for black chicken breeding.
Background
Old black chickens are named because they are mainly produced in the old town of Wanyuan City in Dazhou, sichuan province. Old black chicken has the following appearance and behavior characteristics: adult cock Wu Pihei feather, purple black compound crown or single crown, wherein the proportion of chickens with compound crown character is more than or equal to 70%, the compound crown is mainly rose crown, and the crown number of single crown is 5-9. The body shape is high and strong, the color is very bright, most feathers are black and red, the neck feathers, saddle feathers and sickle feathers are mostly black, the feathers are respectively red, the black feathers are provided with red selvedges, the gloss is bright, the earleaves of the feathers are red, purple and black, the abdominal cavity is black, the appearance characteristics are consistent, and the hereditary performance is stable. The hen has smaller body size, almost all feathers are black with emerald bright luster, and very few neck feathers of the hen are black and are provided with red trim. The feathers of the head and the back of the chick are mostly black, and the feathers of the neck and the abdomen are mostly yellowish white. The black egg in old court has good quality, the eggshell color is green, brown, blue, white and green, commonly called five-color egg, the green eggshell egg accounts for about 30 percent, and the eggshell has high calcium content, thick eggshell and other excellent characteristics. Egg white is sticky after the egg is opened, has traction wires, bulges yolk, has toughness, is not easy to scatter yellow and does not sink. After the eggs are cooked, eggshells are easily peeled off, and the egg white is elastic and is not easy to crack.
The large-scale breeding area of old black chickens is mainly located in the old village and the nearby villages in the northeast of Sichuan province, and belongs to a variety with dual purposes of meat and eggs, the unique characteristics of the old black chickens are gradually formed through the development of years due to long breeding history and unique geographical environment of the old black chickens, the old black chickens are mainly characterized by high size, rich muscles, fine and smooth meat quality, the heaviest weight of the old black chickens, the meat yield is high, the clean-bore slaughter rate is 79.74%, the pectoral and leg muscles are 40.2%, the entrance is soft and tender and smooth, the egg white is rich in elasticity, has a light fragrance and no fishy smell, the egg taste is plump and mellow, the lip teeth are kept fragrant, the aftertaste is fresh, the nutrition is rich, the old black chickens can feel delicious taste and excellent taste in eating, and the old black chickens are favored by consumers. Through continuous researches in breeding, the chicken and eggs of the old hospital also have the selenium content of 0.205 mg and 0.229 mg, respectively, per kilogram of black chicken and per kilogram of eggs, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the chicken are about 1.8% and 2.8%, respectively, 10.8% and 12.3% higher than those in the fine breed chickens, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the eggs are 1.255% and 1.525%, respectively, and 23.40% and 15.1% higher than those in the fine breed eggs. The delicious degree of chicken and eggs is improved because the chicken and eggs are rich in amino acids. A great deal of researches show that the selenium has remarkable prevention and treatment effects on tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and the like, and further confirms the large-scale cultivation of black chickens in old hospitals.
The current black chicken in old court is mainly characterized by high incidence of parasitic diseases, relatively easy occurrence of bacterial diseases, relatively low incidence of respiratory diseases and relatively low incidence of vitamin deficiency. The main transmission routes of the black chicken disease are three links of infection sources, transmission routes and susceptible animals, and the main infection sources of the black chicken disease comprise sick chicken, chicken with bacteria (toxin) and chicken with insects. After the infectious agents expel pathogens, the main transmission routes include air transmission, contaminated feed and drinking water transmission, feather and dander transmission through chickens with bacteria, hatching chamber transmission, egg transmission, equipment transmission, medium transmission, and mating transmission. In addition, the field stocking old black chickens has wide moving range and relatively high disease prevention and control difficulty, so that a black chicken breeding disease prevention method is needed to improve the disease prevention and control effect of the old black chickens during breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the invention discloses a black chicken breeding disease prevention method, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a proper place: the chicken farm is selected in the places with strong sun direction, high topography, easy drainage, good ventilation, sufficient water source and good water quality, the chicken farm is far away from easy-pollution units such as slaughterhouses, meat processing factories, fur processing factories and the like, the production area and the living area of the chicken farm are strictly separated, the buildings of the chicken houses are reasonably distributed according to the dominant wind direction of the local areas, the feed processing rooms, brooding rooms, stocking chicken houses and the like are sequentially built from the windward heads to the windward heads, and isolation rooms, excrement and dead chicken processing facilities and the like are additionally built;
(2) Introducing good breeder chicken into the gate: when the chicks are introduced from the outside, firstly, the local epidemic situation exists, if the local epidemic situation exists, the chicks cannot be purchased, when the epidemic situation exists, the breeding management and epidemic prevention of the chick farm are also known in detail before the chicks are introduced, and the chicks are from normal chick farms with high credibility in non-epidemic areas;
(3) Scientific feeding management: mainly comprises the steps of meeting the nutrition requirement of chicken flocks, creating good living environment, adopting a feeding mode of ' full in and full out ', processing waste, and performing five-service ' in feeding management;
(4) And (3) performing disinfection: mainly comprises personnel sterilization, environment sterilization, henhouse sterilization, appliance sterilization, fecal sterilization and ground soil sterilization;
(5) Immunization was performed: immunization comprises preventive inoculation and emergency inoculation, an immunization plan of a chicken farm is formulated according to epidemic situation and production condition of the chicken farm, veterinary personnel need to carry out antibody monitoring on the chicken flock in a planned way so as to determine the optimal time of immunization, the immunization effect is checked, the used vaccine needs to ensure the quality, the immunization dosage is accurate, the chicken flock is protected before and after immunization, the chicken flock is prevented from being affected by wild toxin, various stresses are avoided, and the chicken flock is fed with a plurality of vitamin E, vitamin C and the like so as to improve the immunization effect;
(6) Preventing and treating diseases by using a microecological preparation;
(7) And (3) reasonably preventing drug administration: the administration method mainly comprises mixing administration, drinking water administration, injection administration, aerosol administration, oral administration, skin and mucous membrane administration, body surface administration and environmental administration, correct diagnosis, correct administration method, symptomatic treatment, selection of drugs with high curative effect, small side effect, safety and low cost, avoiding blind abuse, avoiding abuse of antibiotics, correct learning of drug dosage and treatment course, correct selection of dosage and treatment course according to physicochemical properties of the drugs, toxic and side effect and illness state of chickens, no use of forbidden drugs, and good use record, and attention to drug resistance and drug residue generated by the administration.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the step (3) for meeting the nutritional requirements of the chicken flocks specifically comprises the following steps: in the breeding management process, the chickens are bred in groups according to the variety of the chickens, corresponding compound feeds are supplied according to the nutritional requirements, breeding density and vegetation conditions of different production stages of the chickens, so that the nutritional requirements of chickens are ensured, meanwhile, enough clean drinking water is also supplied, the grazing time is reasonably arranged, and the health level of the chickens is improved; the creation of a good living environment is specifically as follows: according to the physiological characteristics of chicken flocks in different growth stages, proper temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation and raising density are controlled, various stress factors are reduced as much as possible, and the occurrence of convulsion flocks is prevented; the feeding mode adopting the whole-in and whole-out is specifically as follows: the same chicken house and the grazing land parcels are used for raising chickens with the same day of age in the same period, and the chickens are in the same period; the treatment work of the prepared waste is as follows: the waste of the chicken farm comprises chicken manure, dead chickens and the like, a waste treatment field is arranged at the place with the lowest wind direction of the chicken farm or outside the enclosing wall, and after the chicken manure is fermented, the chicken manure is sold as fertilizer, and the dead chickens are burned or deeply buried; the five-service in the well-made feeding management is specifically as follows: the health condition of the chicken flock can be mastered at any time by putting the chicken on duty observation, cleaning on duty observation, feeding on duty observation, stock-holding logistics observation and feeding logistics observation, and the basic conditions of the chicken flock such as feed intake, drinking water performance, feces, spirit, activity, respiration and the like are recorded by observation day by day, and the morbidity and mortality conditions are counted, so that the early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment of the chicken diseases are realized.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the personnel sterilization in the step (4) is specifically; the personnel who enter the production area and the chicken house to be disinfected by bath, changing clothes and ultraviolet rays, the personnel who enter the breeding area must change boots and shoes at the entrance of the field and disinfect in a disinfection pool, a disinfection room can be arranged at the population of the production area, the personnel who enter the production area after the personnel are disinfected by wearing clean and disinfected work clothes, caps and boots, the work clothes, the shoes and the caps are regularly washed and disinfected, the personnel must wash hands before contacting chicken flocks, feeds, hatching eggs and the like, and 1:1000, the Jieer killing solution is soaked and disinfected for 3 to 5 minutes, the chicken house withstands the visit of external personnel, the chicken must enter a production area, the work clothes and the work shoes are replaced, and the epidemic prevention system in the house is observed; the environment disinfection is specifically as follows: sterilizing or scattering slaked lime 1 time every 1-2 weeks in the surrounding environment of the chicken house by using 2% caustic soda, sterilizing the surrounding and in-house sewage tanks, a fecal discharging pit and a sewer outlet by using bleaching powder 1 time per month, arranging a sterilizing tank at the entrance of the chicken house and at the entrance of the chicken house, using 2% caustic soda or 5% lyxol solution, and taking care of periodically replacing sterilizing liquid; the henhouse disinfection specifically comprises: the chicken house can be sterilized by spraying with sterilizing agent for more than 2 times per week, different types of sterilizing agents are selected for alternative use, after each batch of chicken is put out of the house, the chicken house is thoroughly cleaned, is washed by a high-pressure water gun, and is then subjected to spray sterilization or fumigation sterilization; the sterilization of the appliance is specifically as follows: the trough, the drinking bowl and the like are sterilized, and after the appliance is generally washed clean, 0.1 percent of benzalkonium bromide or 0.2 to 0.5 percent of peracetic acid can be used for sterilization; the fecal disinfection is specifically as follows: the chicken manure with infectious diseases and parasitic diseases is sterilized by adopting a sterilizing method such as an incineration method, a medicine sterilizing method, a burying method, a biological heat sterilizing method and the like; the ground soil disinfection specifically comprises: ground soil contaminated by sick chicken excreta and secretion can be disinfected with 5% -10% bleaching solution, baisha or 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of vaccination in the step (5) includes a nasal drip method, a water drinking method, an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection method, an aerosol method and an anal immunization method; the emergency inoculation is closely matched with the links of blocking, quarantine, isolation, disinfection and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the steps of selecting proper places, introducing good chickens into a house, scientifically raising and managing, carrying out disinfection work, carrying out immunization, utilizing a microecological preparation to prevent diseases and reasonably preventing and dosing to raise old black chickens, can thoroughly cut off the paths of circulating infection of various pathogens, is beneficial to eliminating pathogens in the house, improves the health level of chicken flocks, can change the intestinal environment of the black chickens or form strong dominant flora together with beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract, inhibits pathogenic bacteria flocks, simultaneously secretes and synthesizes a large amount of nutrient and hormone substances such as amino acids, proteins, vitamins, various biochemical enzymes, antibiotics, growth promoting factors and the like, so as to regulate and improve the functions of chicken organisms, improve the conversion rate of the feed, and can generate various effects such as immunity, nutrition, growth stimulation and the like on the chicken organisms, thereby achieving the purposes of eliminating the odor of excrement, preventing and treating diseases, improving the survival rate, promoting the growth and reproduction, and reducing the cost.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention discloses a disease prevention method for black chicken breeding, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a proper place: the chicken farm is selected in the places with strong sun direction, high topography, easy drainage, good ventilation, sufficient water source and good water quality, the chicken farm is far away from easy-pollution units such as slaughterhouses, meat processing factories, fur processing factories and the like, the production area and the living area of the chicken farm are strictly separated, the buildings of the chicken houses are reasonably distributed according to the dominant wind direction of the local areas, the feed processing rooms, brooding rooms, stocking chicken houses and the like are sequentially built from the windward heads to the windward heads, and isolation rooms, excrement and dead chicken processing facilities and the like are additionally built;
(2) Introducing good breeder chicken into the gate: when the chicks are introduced from the outside, firstly, the local epidemic situation exists, if the local epidemic situation exists, the chicks cannot be purchased, when the epidemic situation exists, the breeding management and epidemic prevention of the chick farm are also known in detail before the chicks are introduced, and the chicks are from normal chick farms with high credibility in non-epidemic areas;
(3) Scientific feeding management: mainly comprises the steps of meeting the nutrition requirement of chicken flocks, creating good living environment, adopting a feeding mode of ' full in and full out ', processing waste, and performing five-service ' in feeding management;
(4) And (3) performing disinfection: mainly comprises personnel sterilization, environment sterilization, henhouse sterilization, appliance sterilization, fecal sterilization and ground soil sterilization;
(5) Immunization was performed: immunization comprises preventive inoculation and emergency inoculation, an immunization plan of a chicken farm is formulated according to epidemic situation and production condition of the chicken farm, veterinary personnel need to carry out antibody monitoring on the chicken flock in a planned way so as to determine the optimal time of immunization, the immunization effect is checked, the used vaccine needs to ensure the quality, the immunization dosage is accurate, the chicken flock is protected before and after immunization, the chicken flock is prevented from being affected by wild toxin, various stresses are avoided, and the chicken flock is fed with a plurality of vitamin E, vitamin C and the like so as to improve the immunization effect;
(6) Preventing and treating diseases by using a microecological preparation;
(7) And (3) reasonably preventing drug administration: the administration method mainly comprises mixing administration, drinking water administration, injection administration, aerosol administration, oral administration, skin and mucous membrane administration, body surface administration and environmental administration, correct diagnosis, correct administration method, symptomatic treatment, selection of drugs with high curative effect, small side effect, safety and low cost, avoiding blind abuse, avoiding abuse of antibiotics, correct learning of drug dosage and treatment course, correct selection of dosage and treatment course according to physicochemical properties of the drugs, toxic and side effect and illness state of chickens, no use of forbidden drugs, and good use record, and attention to drug resistance and drug residue generated by the administration.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the step (3) for meeting the nutritional requirements of the chicken flocks specifically comprises the following steps: in the breeding management process, the chickens are bred in groups according to the variety of the chickens, corresponding compound feeds are supplied according to the nutritional requirements, breeding density and vegetation conditions of different production stages of the chickens, so that the nutritional requirements of chickens are ensured, meanwhile, enough clean drinking water is also supplied, the grazing time is reasonably arranged, and the health level of the chickens is improved; the creation of a good living environment is specifically as follows: according to the physiological characteristics of chicken flocks in different growth stages, proper temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation and raising density are controlled, various stress factors are reduced as much as possible, and the occurrence of convulsion flocks is prevented; the feeding mode adopting the whole-in and whole-out is specifically as follows: the same chicken house and the grazing land parcels are used for raising chickens with the same day of age in the same period, and the chickens are in the same period; the treatment work of the prepared waste is as follows: the waste of the chicken farm comprises chicken manure, dead chickens and the like, a waste treatment field is arranged at the place with the lowest wind direction of the chicken farm or outside the enclosing wall, and after the chicken manure is fermented, the chicken manure is sold as fertilizer, and the dead chickens are burned or deeply buried; the five-service in the well-made feeding management is specifically as follows: the health condition of the chicken flock can be mastered at any time by putting the chicken on duty observation, cleaning on duty observation, feeding on duty observation, stock-holding logistics observation and feeding logistics observation, and the basic conditions of the chicken flock such as feed intake, drinking water performance, feces, spirit, activity, respiration and the like are recorded by observation day by day, and the morbidity and mortality conditions are counted, so that the early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment of the chicken diseases are realized.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the personnel sterilization in the step (4) is specifically; the personnel who enter the production area and the chicken house to be disinfected by bath, changing clothes and ultraviolet rays, the personnel who enter the breeding area must change boots and shoes at the entrance of the field and disinfect in a disinfection pool, a disinfection room can be arranged at the population of the production area, the personnel who enter the production area after the personnel are disinfected by wearing clean and disinfected work clothes, caps and boots, the work clothes, the shoes and the caps are regularly washed and disinfected, the personnel must wash hands before contacting chicken flocks, feeds, hatching eggs and the like, and 1:1000, the Jieer killing solution is soaked and disinfected for 3 to 5 minutes, the chicken house withstands the visit of external personnel, the chicken must enter a production area, the work clothes and the work shoes are replaced, and the epidemic prevention system in the house is observed; the environment disinfection is specifically as follows: sterilizing or scattering slaked lime 1 time every 1-2 weeks in the surrounding environment of the chicken house by using 2% caustic soda, sterilizing the surrounding and in-house sewage tanks, a fecal discharging pit and a sewer outlet by using bleaching powder 1 time per month, arranging a sterilizing tank at the entrance of the chicken house and at the entrance of the chicken house, using 2% caustic soda or 5% lyxol solution, and taking care of periodically replacing sterilizing liquid; the henhouse disinfection specifically comprises: the chicken house can be sterilized by spraying with sterilizing agent for more than 2 times per week, different types of sterilizing agents are selected for alternative use, after each batch of chicken is put out of the house, the chicken house is thoroughly cleaned, is washed by a high-pressure water gun, and is then subjected to spray sterilization or fumigation sterilization; the sterilization of the appliance is specifically as follows: the trough, the drinking bowl and the like are sterilized, and after the appliance is generally washed clean, 0.1 percent of benzalkonium bromide or 0.2 to 0.5 percent of peracetic acid can be used for sterilization; the fecal disinfection is specifically as follows: the chicken manure with infectious diseases and parasitic diseases is sterilized by adopting a sterilizing method such as an incineration method, a medicine sterilizing method, a burying method, a biological heat sterilizing method and the like; the ground soil disinfection specifically comprises: ground soil contaminated by sick chicken excreta and secretion can be disinfected with 5% -10% bleaching solution, baisha or 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of vaccination in the step (5) includes a nasal drip method, a water drinking method, an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection method, an aerosol method and an anal immunization method; the emergency inoculation is closely matched with the links of blocking, quarantine, isolation, disinfection and the like.
Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive labor may be made within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A disease prevention method for black chicken breeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting a proper place: the chicken farm is selected in the places with strong sun direction, high topography, easy drainage, good ventilation, sufficient water source and good water quality, the chicken farm is far away from easy-pollution units such as slaughterhouses, meat processing factories, fur processing factories and the like, the production area and the living area of the chicken farm are strictly separated, the buildings of the chicken houses are reasonably distributed according to the dominant wind direction of the local areas, the feed processing rooms, brooding rooms, stocking chicken houses and the like are sequentially built from the windward heads to the windward heads, and isolation rooms, excrement and dead chicken processing facilities and the like are additionally built;
(2) Introducing good breeder chicken into the gate: when the chicks are introduced from the outside, firstly, the local epidemic situation exists, if the local epidemic situation exists, the chicks cannot be purchased, when the epidemic situation exists, the breeding management and epidemic prevention of the chick farm are also known in detail before the chicks are introduced, and the chicks are from normal chick farms with high credibility in non-epidemic areas;
(3) Scientific feeding management: mainly comprises the steps of meeting the nutrition requirement of chicken flocks, creating good living environment, adopting a feeding mode of ' full in and full out ', processing waste, and performing five-service ' in feeding management;
(4) And (3) performing disinfection: mainly comprises personnel sterilization, environment sterilization, henhouse sterilization, appliance sterilization, fecal sterilization and ground soil sterilization;
(5) Immunization was performed: immunization comprises preventive inoculation and emergency inoculation, an immunization plan of a chicken farm is formulated according to epidemic situation and production condition of the chicken farm, veterinary personnel need to carry out antibody monitoring on the chicken flock in a planned way so as to determine the optimal time of immunization, the immunization effect is checked, the used vaccine needs to ensure the quality, the immunization dosage is accurate, the chicken flock is protected before and after immunization, the chicken flock is prevented from being affected by wild toxin, various stresses are avoided, and the chicken flock is fed with a plurality of vitamin E, vitamin C and the like so as to improve the immunization effect;
(6) Preventing and treating diseases by using a microecological preparation;
(7) And (3) reasonably preventing drug administration: the administration method mainly comprises mixing administration, drinking water administration, injection administration, aerosol administration, oral administration, skin and mucous membrane administration, body surface administration and environmental administration, correct diagnosis, correct administration method, symptomatic treatment, selection of drugs with high curative effect, small side effect, safety and low cost, avoiding blind abuse, avoiding abuse of antibiotics, correct learning of drug dosage and treatment course, correct selection of dosage and treatment course according to physicochemical properties of the drugs, toxic and side effect and illness state of chickens, no use of forbidden drugs, and good use record, and attention to drug resistance and drug residue generated by the administration.
2. The disease prevention method for black chicken farming according to claim 1, wherein: the step (3) for meeting the nutritional requirements of the chicken flocks specifically comprises the following steps: in the breeding management process, the chickens are bred in groups according to the variety of the chickens, corresponding compound feeds are supplied according to the nutritional requirements, breeding density and vegetation conditions of different production stages of the chickens, so that the nutritional requirements of chickens are ensured, meanwhile, enough clean drinking water is also supplied, the grazing time is reasonably arranged, and the health level of the chickens is improved; the creation of a good living environment is specifically as follows: according to the physiological characteristics of chicken flocks in different growth stages, proper temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation and raising density are controlled, various stress factors are reduced as much as possible, and the occurrence of convulsion flocks is prevented; the feeding mode adopting the whole-in and whole-out is specifically as follows: the same chicken house and the grazing land parcels are used for raising chickens with the same day of age in the same period, and the chickens are in the same period; the treatment work of the prepared waste is as follows: the waste of the chicken farm comprises chicken manure, dead chickens and the like, a waste treatment field is arranged at the place with the lowest wind direction of the chicken farm or outside the enclosing wall, and after the chicken manure is fermented, the chicken manure is sold as fertilizer, and the dead chickens are burned or deeply buried; the five-service in the well-made feeding management is specifically as follows: the health condition of the chicken flock can be mastered at any time by putting the chicken on duty observation, cleaning on duty observation, feeding on duty observation, stock-holding logistics observation and feeding logistics observation, and the basic conditions of the chicken flock such as feed intake, drinking water performance, feces, spirit, activity, respiration and the like are recorded by observation day by day, and the morbidity and mortality conditions are counted, so that the early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment of the chicken diseases are realized.
3. The disease prevention method for black chicken farming according to claim 1, wherein: the step (4) of personnel disinfection is specifically that; the personnel who enter the production area and the chicken house to be disinfected by bath, changing clothes and ultraviolet rays, the personnel who enter the breeding area must change boots and shoes at the entrance of the field and disinfect in a disinfection pool, a disinfection room can be arranged at the population of the production area, the personnel who enter the production area after the personnel are disinfected by wearing clean and disinfected work clothes, caps and boots, the work clothes, the shoes and the caps are regularly washed and disinfected, the personnel must wash hands before contacting chicken flocks, feeds, hatching eggs and the like, and 1:1000, the Jieer killing solution is soaked and disinfected for 3 to 5 minutes, the chicken house withstands the visit of external personnel, the chicken must enter a production area, the work clothes and the work shoes are replaced, and the epidemic prevention system in the house is observed; the environment disinfection is specifically as follows: sterilizing or scattering slaked lime 1 time every 1-2 weeks in the surrounding environment of the chicken house by using 2% caustic soda, sterilizing the surrounding and in-house sewage tanks, a fecal discharging pit and a sewer outlet by using bleaching powder 1 time per month, arranging a sterilizing tank at the entrance of the chicken house and at the entrance of the chicken house, using 2% caustic soda or 5% lyxol solution, and taking care of periodically replacing sterilizing liquid; the henhouse disinfection specifically comprises: the chicken house can be sterilized by spraying with sterilizing agent for more than 2 times per week, different types of sterilizing agents are selected for alternative use, after each batch of chicken is put out of the house, the chicken house is thoroughly cleaned, is washed by a high-pressure water gun, and is then subjected to spray sterilization or fumigation sterilization; the sterilization of the appliance is specifically as follows: the trough, the drinking bowl and the like are sterilized, and after the appliance is generally washed clean, 0.1 percent of benzalkonium bromide or 0.2 to 0.5 percent of peracetic acid can be used for sterilization; the fecal disinfection is specifically as follows: the chicken manure with infectious diseases and parasitic diseases is sterilized by adopting a sterilizing method such as an incineration method, a medicine sterilizing method, a burying method, a biological heat sterilizing method and the like; the ground soil disinfection specifically comprises: ground soil contaminated by sick chicken excreta and secretion can be disinfected with 5% -10% bleaching solution, baisha or 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
4. The disease prevention method for black chicken farming according to claim 1, wherein: the method for preventing and inoculating in the step (5) comprises a nasal drop and eye drop method, a water drinking method, an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection method, an aerosol method and an anal immune method; the emergency inoculation is closely matched with the links of blocking, quarantine, isolation, disinfection and the like.
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