CN116267133A - Multi-form planting mechanism and planting device for cutting seedlings - Google Patents

Multi-form planting mechanism and planting device for cutting seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116267133A
CN116267133A CN202310072361.6A CN202310072361A CN116267133A CN 116267133 A CN116267133 A CN 116267133A CN 202310072361 A CN202310072361 A CN 202310072361A CN 116267133 A CN116267133 A CN 116267133A
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China
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gear
transmission
shaft
transmission shaft
lever
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CN202310072361.6A
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CN116267133B (en
Inventor
李慧
何腾飞
刘虎
汪宝卿
史嵩
刘学串
周纪磊
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Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
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Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
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Publication of CN116267133A publication Critical patent/CN116267133A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/006Other parts or details or planting machines

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting seedling multi-form planting mechanism and a planting device, wherein the planting mechanism comprises a frame, one end of the frame is provided with an input shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft through a plurality of gear transmission assemblies, the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with the frame, the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft arranged on the frame through a power output transmission assembly, the output shaft is connected with a seedling clamping piece through a crank connecting rod mechanism, the transmission shaft is slidably connected with a gear lever, the gear lever is sleeved on the periphery of the transmission shaft, the gear lever is provided with a gear shifting piece matched with a driven gear of the gear transmission assembly, and the gear shifting piece can do linear motion along with the gear lever to realize the matching with driven gears of different gear transmission assemblies.

Description

Multi-form planting mechanism and planting device for cutting seedlings
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cutting seedling polymorphic planting mechanism and a planting device.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Sweet potatoes, chinese medicinal materials and the like are planted by adopting cutting seedlings, and the underground planting postures of the sweet potatoes and the Chinese medicinal materials are different according to the soil fertility, the planting mode and the soil characteristics of each place. Under the premise of ensuring uniform planting depth, the current adopted planting postures comprise short-inserting modes such as direct inserting mode, oblique inserting mode and the like, and ship bottom inserting mode, horizontal inserting mode and hook inserting mode and the like. The current cutting seedling transplanting machine can only realize single transplanting gesture, such as a duckbilled red sage film upper inclined transplanting mechanism of Xu Gaowei and the like, and a multifunctional sweet potato transplanting machine which is jointly designed by Shandong velour agricultural machinery science and technology development limited company and Hainan university. Other types of polymorphic planting devices realize different movement paths by changing the parameter proportion of the actuating mechanism, so that planting of different poses of cutting seedlings is realized, the operation process is complicated, and the planting can be completed by matching with the angle adjustment of the machine frame.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cutting seedling multi-form planting mechanism and a planting device, which are convenient for planting cutting seedlings in different positions.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a cutting seedling polymorphic planting mechanism, which comprises a frame, wherein one end of the frame is provided with an input shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft through a plurality of gear transmission components, the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with the frame, the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft arranged on the frame through a power output transmission component, the output shaft is connected with a seedling clamping piece through a crank connecting rod mechanism, the transmission shaft is slidably connected with a gear shift rod, the gear shift rod is sleeved on the periphery of the transmission shaft, the gear shift rod is provided with a gear shift piece matched with a driven gear of the gear transmission component, and the gear shift piece can do linear motion along with the gear shift rod to realize the matching with driven gears of different gear transmission components.
Optionally, the input shaft is connected to the drive shaft by a first gear assembly and a second gear assembly.
Optionally, the first gear transmission assembly is a non-circular gear transmission mechanism, wherein a driving gear of the non-circular gear transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the input shaft, and a driven gear is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft.
Optionally, the second gear shifting transmission assembly is a spur gear transmission mechanism, wherein a driving gear of the spur gear transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the input shaft, and a driven gear is rotationally connected with the gear lever.
Optionally, the power take-off transmission assembly adopts a chain transmission mechanism.
Optionally, the gear shifting piece adopts the gear shifting key, and the gear shifting key adopts the echelonment structure, has a plurality of key portions, along transmission shaft axis direction, a plurality of key portions in proper order with a plurality of driven gear's keyway phase-match.
Optionally, a handle is fixed at the end of the gear lever.
Optionally, the gear shift lever is connected with the transmission shaft through a flat key.
Optionally, transmission shaft one end is connected with the frame rotation through first bearing, and the other end cover has the gear lever, and the gear lever is connected with the frame rotation through the second bearing, and the gear lever is provided with spacing axle in order to carry out spacingly to the rectilinear motion of gear lever.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a planting device provided with a cutting Miao Duoxing mode planting mechanism according to the first aspect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the planting mechanism, the transmission shaft is connected with the gear lever in a sliding manner, the gear lever can drive the gear shifting piece to move, and further, the gear lever is matched with driven gears of different gear transmission assemblies, so that different power outputs are achieved, the crank connecting rod mechanism is matched, the time spent in different stages of the movement track of the seedling clamping piece can be redistributed, the seedling releasing moment is changed, planting of different poses of cutting seedlings can be achieved, the operation process is simple and rapid, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembled cross-sectional view of the shift lever and drive shaft and gear assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a gear lever, drive shaft, and gear assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the seedling clamping member and the cam in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cam structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the cam of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the cam of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a protective shell, 2, an input shaft, 3, a cam, 4, a crank, 5, a seedling clamping piece, 6, a frame, 7, a rocker, 8, a connecting rod, 9, a first frame part, 10, a driven chain wheel, 11, a transmission chain, 12, a first gear transmission assembly, 13, a gear shift lever, 14, a second gear transmission assembly, 15, a first bearing, 16, a retainer ring, 17, an output shaft and 18, a drive sprocket;
13-1 parts of handles, 13-2 parts of fixing bolts, 13-3 parts of limiting shafts, 13-4 parts of transmission shafts and 13-5 parts of gear shifting keys.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a cutting seedling polymorphic planting mechanism, as shown in fig. 1-4, including frame 6, frame 6 includes first frame portion and second frame portion, and wherein first frame portion is shell structure, and its inside has the cavity, and second frame position rod-like structure. The second frame part is fixed on one side surface of the first frame part.
One end of the first frame part is provided with an input shaft 2, the other end is provided with an output shaft 17, and the input shaft 2 penetrates through the second frame part and then stretches into the inner cavity of the first frame part and is rotationally connected with the first frame part and the second frame part through bearings.
One end of an output shaft 17 extends into the cavity of the first frame part 9 and is rotationally connected with the first frame part and the second frame part through bearings, and the end part of the output shaft 17 extending to the outside of the first frame part is connected with the seedling clamping piece 5 through a crank connecting rod mechanism.
The input shaft 2 is connected with the output shaft 17 through a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a plurality of gear transmission components, a shaft section of the input shaft 2 positioned in the cavity of the first frame part is connected with a transmission shaft positioned in the cavity of the first frame part through the plurality of gear transmission components, and one end of the transmission shaft 13-4 is rotationally connected with the first frame part through a first bearing 15.
The outer side of the inner ring of the first bearing 15 is provided with a retainer ring 16, and the retainer ring 16 is fixed with the transmission shaft 13-4 and used for limiting the first bearing 15.
In this embodiment, two gear assemblies are provided, a first gear assembly 12 and a second gear assembly 14, respectively.
The first gear transmission assembly 12 is a non-circular gear transmission mechanism and comprises a first driving gear and a first driven gear which are meshed with each other, the first driving gear is fixedly connected with the input shaft 2, the first driven gear is rotationally connected with the transmission shaft 13-4, a limiting table is arranged on one side, away from the driven gear of the second gear transmission assembly 14, of the first driven gear, and the limiting table is arranged on the shaft surface of the transmission shaft 13-4 and used for limiting the axial movement of the first driven gear.
Specifically, the part of the transmission shaft covered by the first driven gear is divided into a first part with a larger diameter and a second part with a smaller diameter, the first part is rotationally connected with the first driven wheel, the second part extends to the end part of the transmission shaft and is sleeved with a gear lever at the periphery, and a limit table is arranged on one side of the first part, which is close to the power transmission assembly.
The diameter of the first part is larger than the outer diameter of the gear shift lever, the first driven gear is radially limited through the first part, and the first driven gear is axially limited through the limiting table.
The second gear transmission assembly 14 adopts a spur gear transmission mechanism and comprises a second driving gear and a second driven gear which are meshed with each other, the second driving gear is fixed with the input shaft and is arranged on one side of the first driving gear, and the second driven gear is rotationally connected to the gear shift lever 13 and is arranged on one side of the first driven gear.
The gear lever 13 adopts a tubular structure with one end closed, the gear lever 13 is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the transmission shaft 13-4, and the gear lever 13 is connected with the transmission shaft 13-4 through a flat key, so that the gear lever 13 can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the gear lever 13 and the transmission shaft 13-4 cannot generate relative movement in the circumferential direction, and can synchronously rotate around the own axial line.
The shift lever 13 is rotatably connected to the first frame portion through a second bearing.
The gear shifting piece is arranged on the rod surface of the gear shifting rod 13, in the embodiment, the gear shifting piece is a stepped gear shifting key 13-5, and due to the fact that two gear assemblies are arranged, the gear shifting key 13-5 comprises a first key part 13-5-1 and a second key part 13-5-2, the thickness of the first key part 13-5-1 is smaller than that of the second key part 13-5-2, the first key part 13-5-1 is matched with a key groove formed by a second driven gear, the second key part 13-5-2 is matched with a key groove formed by the first driven gear, in the embodiment, in order to facilitate the matching of the gear shifting key and the two driven gears, the two driven gears are provided with a plurality of key grooves along the circumferential direction, and four key grooves are preferably arranged.
And the gear shifting key is also provided with a limiting shaft 13-3, and the limiting shaft 13-3 is positioned between the first driven gear and the second driven gear and is used for limiting the linear motion of the gear lever.
In the embodiment, the closed end of the gear lever is connected with the handle 13-1 through the fixing bolt 13-2, so that a worker can conveniently drive the gear lever to perform linear motion.
The drive shaft 13-4 is connected to the output shaft 17 via a power take-off transmission assembly.
In this embodiment, the power take-off transmission assembly employs a chain drive mechanism comprising a drive sprocket 18, a driven sprocket 10 and a drive chain 11 wound between the rotating sprocket and the driven sprocket.
The driving sprocket is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 13-4 in a key connection mode, the driving sprocket is arranged on the transmission shaft section between the limiting boss and the first bearing, and the driven sprocket is fixedly connected with the output shaft.
In this embodiment, the staff pushes the gear shift lever 13 to the inside, so that the second key portion 13-5-2 enters the key slot of the first driven gear, the input shaft drives the first driving gear to rotate, the first driving gear drives the first driven gear to rotate, the first driven gear transmits power to the transmission shaft 13-4 through the gear shift lever 13, the transmission shaft 13-4 is driven to rotate, the transmission shaft 13-4 drives the output shaft to rotate through the chain transmission mechanism, the output shaft is planted through the crank link mechanism and the seedling clamping piece, and the method is suitable for cutting seedlings requiring long transplanting such as sweet potato seedlings under the working condition, and long transplanting forms of the ship bottom are realized.
In the embodiment, the first driving gear and the first driven gear are eccentric elliptic gears, and are matched with the track of the compound connecting rod planting device through non-uniform ratio transmission, so that the seedling laying process time is prolonged, the return time after seedling laying is shortened, and the underground ship bottom type long-planting form of cutting seedlings is realized.
The staff pulls the gear lever 13 to the outside, and second key portion 13-5-2 leaves the keyway of first driven gear, and first key portion 13-5-1 gets into in the keyway of second driven gear, and at this moment, the input shaft passes through first driving gear, second driven gear and gear lever 13 with power transmission shaft 13-4, and transmission shaft 13-4 passes through chain drive mechanism and drives the output shaft rotation, and the output shaft is planted through crank link mechanism and clamp seedling spare, and this kind of operating mode is applicable to the cuttage seedling that needs short-cut such as red-rooted salvia root seedling, realizes oblique plug-in short-cut form.
In the embodiment, the straight gear set is matched with the track of the crank-link mechanism, so that the underground oblique-inserting type short-inserting form of the cutting seedlings is realized.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the friction between the motion of the gear lever and the first driven gear and the second driven gear is insufficient to cause the first driven gear and the second driven gear to move in a larger axial direction, so that the engagement of the two driven gears with the driving gear is not affected.
As shown in fig. 9, under different transmission assemblies, the overall motion track of the seedling clamping assembly is the same, but the time spent in different stages of the track can be redistributed through the non-circular gears, so that the seedling releasing time is changed, the delay of the seedling releasing time is realized, and long-term insertion is realized.
In this embodiment, a portion of the input shaft extending to the outside of the first frame portion is sleeved with a protective shell 1 for protecting the input shaft.
The crank-link mechanism has the same structure as the four-link mechanism disclosed in the patent application CN111328510a, and comprises a crank 4, one end of the crank 4 is fixed with an output shaft, the other end is connected with a cam 3 through a T-shaped shaft, the T-shaped shaft of the end of the crank 4 provided with the cam is also hinged with one end of a connecting rod 8, the other end of the connecting rod 8 is hinged with one end of a rocker 7, the other end of the rocker 7 is hinged with the end of a second frame part, and the specific setting mode adopts the technical scheme described in the patent application CN111328510a and is not described in detail herein.
The seedling clamping piece 5 is installed on the connecting rod 8 and has the same structure as the mechanical clamping mechanism disclosed in the patent application CN111328510A, the seedling clamping piece 5 comprises a first finger and a second finger which are rotationally connected with a seedling clamping piece support on the connecting rod, one ends of the first finger and the second finger are used for clamping cutting seedlings, and the other ends of the first finger and the second finger are matched with a cam to realize opening and closing of the first finger and the second finger.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5-7, the ends of the first finger and the second finger have a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure extends into a groove arranged on the cam surface, the groove comprises a first groove part 3-1 and a second groove part 3-2, a transition part 3-3 is arranged between the two ends of the first groove part and the second groove part, and the transition part 3-3 forms a set acute angle with the axis of the cam.
In this embodiment, the cam includes the intermediate part, the both sides of intermediate part are provided with first lateral part and second lateral part respectively, intermediate part, first lateral part and second lateral part pass through the connecting sleeve connection of center, connecting sleeve is connected with T type axle, wherein, two terminal surfaces of intermediate part are equipped with first boss, the terminal surface part that first lateral part and intermediate part do not set up first boss part correspond is equipped with the second boss, correspondingly, the terminal surface part that second lateral part and intermediate part do not set up first boss part correspond is equipped with the third boss, the tip of first boss, second boss and third boss is the inclined plane, be the acute angle of settlement with the axis of cam. Wherein, form first slot part between first boss and first lateral part, the second lateral part, form the second slot part between second boss, third boss and the intermediate part, form the transition portion between the tip inclined plane of first boss and second boss, third boss.
When the crank 4 rotates, the included angle between the connecting rod 8 and the crank 4 changes, so that the first finger and the second finger slide relatively in the groove, position switching is performed on the first groove part and the second groove part, the first finger and the second finger are rotationally connected with the seedling clamping piece support, and further, the relative rotation of the first finger and the second finger is realized, and further, the clamping and the loosening of cutting seedlings are realized.
When the cam structure disclosed in the patent application CN111328510a is used, the disc cam needs to be matched with a spring with high elastic coefficient to control the clamping finger to be closed, but the higher the elastic coefficient is, the larger the impact resistance caused to the transmission shaft is, and even the transmission system is stopped. In the embodiment, the cam formed by the first groove part, the second groove part and the transition part can accurately control the opening and closing of the finger clip through the groove, the opening and closing change is restrained by the notch curve, the change is more natural, and the action can be realized without using a high-elasticity spring.
By adopting the planting mechanism of the embodiment, the adjustment of the planting position of the cutting seedlings can be realized by pulling or pushing the gear lever, the operation process is simple and quick, and the working efficiency is improved.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a planting device, which is provided with the cutting Miao Duoxing-state planting mechanism described in embodiment 1, and other structures of the planting device may be existing structures, which will not be described in detail herein.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a mechanism is planted to cuttage seedling polymorphic, a serial communication port, including the frame, frame one end is equipped with the input shaft, the input shaft is connected with the transmission shaft through a plurality of gear drive subassembly, the transmission shaft rotates with the frame to be connected, the transmission shaft passes through power take off drive subassembly and sets up the output shaft in the frame, the output shaft passes through crank link mechanism and connects the clamp seedling spare, transmission shaft sliding connection has the gear shift lever, the gear shift lever cover is in the transmission shaft periphery, the gear shift lever is equipped with the driven gear matched with gear drive subassembly and shifts the piece, the piece of shifting can be along with the gear shift lever rectilinear motion in order to realize with different gear drive subassembly's driven gear cooperation.
2. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the input shaft is connected to the drive shaft by a first gear assembly and a second gear assembly.
3. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 2, wherein the first gear assembly is a non-circular gear transmission mechanism, wherein a driving gear of the non-circular gear transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the input shaft, and a driven gear is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft.
4. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 2, wherein the second gear transmission assembly is a spur gear transmission mechanism, wherein a driving gear of the spur gear transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the input shaft, and a driven gear is rotatably connected with the gear lever.
5. The cutting seedling multi-form planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the power take-off transmission assembly employs a chain transmission mechanism.
6. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the gear shifting piece adopts a gear shifting key, the gear shifting key adopts a ladder-shaped structure, the gear shifting key is provided with a plurality of key parts, and the key parts are sequentially matched with key grooves of a plurality of driven gears along the axis direction of the transmission shaft.
7. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein a handle is fixed to an end of the gear lever.
8. The cutting seedling multi-form planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the gear lever is connected with the transmission shaft through a flat key.
9. The cutting seedling multi-morphology planting mechanism of claim 1, wherein one end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected with the frame through a first bearing, the other end of the transmission shaft is sleeved with a gear lever, the gear lever is rotatably connected with the frame through a second bearing, and the gear lever is provided with a limiting shaft to limit the linear motion of the gear lever.
10. A planting device provided with a cutting Miao Duoxing mode planting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202310072361.6A 2023-01-29 2023-01-29 Multi-form planting mechanism and planting device for cutting seedlings Active CN116267133B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005312339A (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Iseki & Co Ltd Seedling transplanter
JP2018000145A (en) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 井関農機株式会社 Seedling transplanting machine
CN111328510A (en) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-26 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Take seedling to go into ridge and get planting device
CN111567195A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-08-25 山东交通学院 Parallel combined planting mechanism for self-adaptive vertical and inclined planting agriculture

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005312339A (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Iseki & Co Ltd Seedling transplanter
JP2018000145A (en) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 井関農機株式会社 Seedling transplanting machine
CN111328510A (en) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-26 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Take seedling to go into ridge and get planting device
CN111567195A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-08-25 山东交通学院 Parallel combined planting mechanism for self-adaptive vertical and inclined planting agriculture

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
徐高伟;刘宏新;荐世春;史嵩;何腾飞;: "基于五杆机构的丹参膜上移栽机构设计与试验", 农业机械学报, vol. 49, no. 09, 9 July 2018 (2018-07-09), pages 55 - 65 *
李革, 赵匀, 俞高红: "椭圆齿轮行星系分插机构的机理分析和计算机优化", 农业工程学报, vol. 16, no. 04, 30 July 2000 (2000-07-30), pages 78 - 81 *

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