CN116260157A - Active output control method of doubly-fed fan based on virtual inertia and virtual damping - Google Patents
Active output control method of doubly-fed fan based on virtual inertia and virtual damping Download PDFInfo
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
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- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
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- H02P2103/10—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the asynchronous type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a doubly-fed fan active output control method based on virtual inertia and virtual damping, which comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a mathematical model containing a doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator; s2: linearizing a mathematical model of the power system containing the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at the balance point; s3: introducing virtual inertia and virtual damping control, and changing the values of control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping; s4: the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are changed by adopting a particle swarm algorithm. According to the invention, the rotor rotating speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator is reduced by changing the electromagnetic torque, the rotor kinetic energy is converted into electromagnetic power, and then the electromagnetic power is used for supplementing disturbance power shortage of the system. The output of electromagnetic power is realized by adaptively changing virtual inertia and virtual damping, so that the power shortage is supplemented to the system, and the small interference stability of the system is improved; meanwhile, the stable speed is reached when disturbance is changed, and the stable dynamic performance of the system with small disturbance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power oscillation reduction of a distributed generator, and particularly relates to a doubly-fed fan active output control method based on virtual inertia and virtual damping.
Background
In recent years, wind power has been used as a renewable clean energy source, and the proportion of wind power to total power generation is increasing year by year. In order to ensure stable operation of the novel power system with high wind power permeability, the wind generating set should have certain frequency supporting capability. Synchronous generators, when the system is subject to small disturbances, can be timely compensated to the power shortage caused by the small disturbances by the rotational inertia of the rotor. However, the active power output of the doubly fed asynchronous wind generator (Doubly Fed Induction Generator, DFIG) is decoupled from the frequency rate of change and frequency of the system, and the power shortage of the system is not compensated for with the influence of small system disturbances.
In recent years, the active output of the DFIG is controlled by using the frequency change rate or the frequency change quantity of the system as an input quantity, so that the power shortage of the system is compensated to a certain extent, and the small interference stability of the system is improved. However, the traditional control algorithm has a certain time delay, and the adjustment time of the system in small interference can be prolonged, so that the dynamic performance of the system after being disturbed is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a doubly-fed wind generator active output control method based on virtual inertia and virtual damping, which aims to solve or improve the problems that the output power of the existing wind generator is easy to be interfered and has poor stability.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a doubly-fed wind machine active output control method based on virtual inertia and virtual damping, the method puts forward a new control algorithm, namely, based on artificial intelligence algorithm, self-adaptively adjusts the virtual inertia and virtual damping; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
step S1: establishing a mathematical model containing a doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator;
step S2: linearizing a mathematical model of the power system containing the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at the balance point;
step S3: introducing virtual inertia and virtual damping control into the mathematical model of the electric power system, changing the values of control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping, and obtaining the changes of oscillation modes and damping ratios under different values;
step S4: changing virtual inertia and virtual damping by adopting a particle swarm algorithm;
step S5: the self-conversion voltage reference value calculated by the control algorithm is subjected to pulse width modulation to drive the output of a rotor-side converter of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, so that the control of rotor current is realized, the electromagnetic power is changed, and the active power output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator to a power grid system is changed.
Further, in step S1, the active power output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator of the mathematical model is:
wherein P is m Mechanical power, P, obtained for doubly-fed wind-driven asynchronous generator e Is the electromagnetic power of a doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator, H DFIG Is the rotational inertia coefficient omega of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator r Is the rotor angular speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator.
Measured at the bus barAnd omega 1 -ω 0 As an input quantity, correcting the active output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator on maximum power tracking, wherein the expression is as follows:
P opt =P MPPT +ΔP
wherein P is opt Is the output power of a doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, P MPPT The active power generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator under the maximum power tracking is ΔP, and the active power additionally generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator after being disturbed.
Electromagnetic power of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator can be used as output quantity by introducingAnd omega 1 -ω 0 Changing the electromagnetic power P by the feedback amount of (2) e The kinetic energy of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator is compensated to the power shortage of the small interference system. Wherein, electromagnetic power expression is:
wherein P is e0 Is the initial value of the electromagnetic power of the doubly-fed fan, P e Electromagnetic power H of doubly-fed fan at this moment eq Is equivalent to virtual inertia, D eq Omega is equivalent virtual damping 1 For the angular frequency, ω of the network 0 Is the rated angular frequency.
Further, in step S2, the formula of the mathematical model of the electric power system with the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator is linearized at the balance point as follows:
disturbance state variable at busAnd Deltaomega 1 As input quantity, ΔP as output quantity, H eq Is equivalent to virtual inertia, D eq The active output of the wind driven generator is changed on the basis of maximum power tracking of the original doubly-fed asynchronous wind driven generator.
Further, in step S3, the specific method for changing the control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping includes: the value of the control parameter should meet the frequency change rate and the frequency range specified by the safety requirement; and obtaining the changes of parameters such as damping ratio, overshoot, adjustment time and the like of the frequency under different values by changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping coefficient.
Further, in step S4, the specific method for changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping by adopting the particle swarm algorithm is as follows: by changing the direction and speed of each particle movement, the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are dynamically changed, and the peak value of each oscillation and the adjustment time of the system after disturbance are changed. The method has the advantages that the adjusting time is shortened and the small interference stability of the system is enhanced under the condition that the frequency is reduced and the frequency change rate is reduced.
Further, stepIn step S5, the control algorithm specifically controls the rotor current of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator, and when the stator q-axis flux linkage is oriented according to the flux linkageStator d-axis flux linkage->The electromagnetic torque at this time is:
wherein T is e Electromagnetic torque, n, expressed as a doubly-fed wind machine p Expressed as the pole pair number, L, of a doubly-fed wind machine M Is the mutual inductance between stator and rotor of doubly-fed fan, L s Is the stator inductance of the doubly-fed fan, L r Is the rotor inductance of the doubly-fed wind machine,is a double-fed fan stator d-axis magnetic linkage, < >>Is a doubly-fed fan rotor q-axis flux linkage, < >>Is the d-axis current of the doubly-fed fan stator, +.>For doubly-fed fan stator q-axis current, +.>For doubly-fed wind turbine rotor d-axis current, +.>Is the q-axis current of the doubly-fed wind turbine rotor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the rotor rotating speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator is reduced by changing the electromagnetic torque, the rotor kinetic energy is converted into electromagnetic power, and then the electromagnetic power is used for supplementing disturbance power shortage of the system. The output of electromagnetic power is realized by adaptively changing virtual inertia and virtual damping, so that the power shortage is supplemented to the system, and the small interference stability of the system is improved; meanwhile, the stable speed is reached when disturbance is changed, and the stable dynamic performance of the system with small disturbance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of a doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a virtual inertia and virtual damping control module;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a particle swarm algorithm.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a doubly-fed wind turbine active output control method based on virtual inertia and virtual damping is disclosed, and a new control algorithm is proposed, namely, based on an artificial intelligence algorithm, the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are adaptively adjusted; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
step S1: and establishing a mathematical model containing the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator. The active power output of the mathematical model is:
wherein P is m Mechanical power, P, obtained for doubly-fed wind-driven asynchronous generator e Is the electromagnetic power of a doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator, H DFIG Is the rotational inertia coefficient omega of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator r Is the rotor angular speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator.
Measured at the bus barAnd omega 1 -ω 0 As an input quantity, correcting the active output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator on maximum power tracking, wherein the expression is as follows:
P opt =P MPPT +ΔP
wherein P is opt Is the output power of a doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, P MPPT The active power generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator under the maximum power tracking is ΔP, and the active power additionally generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator after being disturbed;
electromagnetic power of doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator is taken as output quantity, and introducedAnd omega 1 -ω 0 Changing the electromagnetic power P by the feedback amount of (2) e The kinetic energy of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator is compensated to the power shortage of a small interference system, wherein the electromagnetic power expression is as follows:
wherein H is eq Is equivalent to virtual inertia, D eq Omega is equivalent virtual damping 1 For the angular frequency, ω of the network 0 Is the rated angular frequency.
Step S2: linearizing a power system mathematical model containing the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at a balance point of the tide operation at the moment; and obtaining a static working point of the linearization system model by using a Lyapunov first method, and analyzing the frequency change rate and the frequency change condition under different virtual inertia and virtual damping at the static working point.
Linearizing the motion equation of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at the balance point is as follows:
disturbance state variable at busAnd Deltaomega 1 As an input quantity, Δp is used as an output quantity, namely, the active output of the wind power generator is changed on the basis of maximum power tracking of the original doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator.
Step S3: virtual inertia and virtual damping control are introduced, values of control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are changed, and the change of oscillation modes and damping ratios under different values is obtained. The value of the control parameter should meet the frequency change rate and the frequency range specified by the safety requirement; and obtaining the changes of parameters such as damping ratio, overshoot, adjustment time and the like of the frequency under different values by changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping coefficient.
Step S4: the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are changed by adopting a particle swarm algorithm. By changing the direction and speed of each particle movement, the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are dynamically changed, and the peak value of each oscillation and the adjustment time of the system after disturbance are changed.
Step S5: the calculated rotor voltage reference value is subjected to pulse width modulation to drive the output of a rotor side converter of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, so that the control of rotor current is realized, the electromagnetic power is changed, and the active power output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator to a power grid system is changed. A system block diagram of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator is shown in fig. 2. The control of rotor current in the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator is led into feedback quantity of system frequency and system frequency change rate, simulation of inertia and damping is realized, and inertia characteristics and damping characteristics similar to those of a synchronous generator are presented in the system.
Controlling rotor current of doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, and when the rotor current is oriented according to flux linkage, flux linkage of q axis of statorStator d-axis flux linkage->The electromagnetic torque at this time is: />
Wherein T is e Electromagnetic torque, n, expressed as a doubly-fed wind machine p Expressed as the pole pair number, L, of a doubly-fed wind machine M Is the mutual inductance between stator and rotor of doubly-fed fan, L s Is the stator inductance of the doubly-fed fan, L r Is the rotor inductance of the doubly-fed wind machine,is a double-fed fan stator d-axis magnetic linkage, < >>Is a doubly-fed fan rotor q-axis flux linkage, < >>Is the d-axis current of the doubly-fed fan stator, +.>For doubly-fed fan stator q-axis current, +.>For doubly-fed wind turbine rotor d-axis current, +.>Is the q-axis current of the doubly-fed wind turbine rotor.
The control of virtual inertia and virtual damping on the system is introduced, as shown in fig. 3, the active power output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator on the system is controlled, and the power is properly supplemented or reduced on the basis of maximum power tracking so as to improve the stability of small interference of the system. And the dynamic performance of the small interference stability of the system is improved by dynamically changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping of the particle swarm algorithm and accelerating the oscillation time of the small interference.
In summary, the invention reduces the rotor speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator by changing the electromagnetic torque, converts the rotor kinetic energy into electromagnetic power, and supplements the disturbance power shortage of the system through the electromagnetic power. The output of electromagnetic power is realized by adaptively changing virtual inertia and virtual damping, so that the power shortage is supplemented to the system, and the small interference stability of the system is improved; meanwhile, the stable speed is reached when disturbance is changed, and the stable dynamic performance of the system with small disturbance is improved.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the elements of the examples have been described generally in terms of functionality in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the division of units is merely a logic function division, and there may be other manners of division in practical implementation, for example, multiple units may be combined into one unit, one unit may be split into multiple units, or some features may be omitted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (6)
1. The active output control method of the doubly-fed wind turbine based on virtual inertia and virtual damping is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: establishing a mathematical model containing a doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator;
step S2: linearizing a mathematical model of the power system containing the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at the balance point;
step S3: introducing virtual inertia and virtual damping control into the mathematical model of the electric power system, changing the values of control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping, and obtaining the changes of oscillation modes and damping ratios under different values;
step S4: changing virtual inertia and virtual damping by adopting a particle swarm algorithm;
step S5: the self-voltage reference value calculated by the control algorithm is subjected to pulse width modulation to drive the output of the rotor-side converter of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the active power output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator of the mathematical model is:
wherein P is m Mechanical power, P, obtained for doubly-fed wind-driven asynchronous generator e Is the electromagnetic power of a doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator, H DFIG Is the rotational inertia coefficient omega of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator r The rotor angular speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator is set;
measured at the bus barAnd omega 1 -ω 0 As an input quantity, correcting the active output of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator on maximum power tracking, wherein the expression is as follows:
P opt =P MPPT +ΔP
wherein P is opt Is the output power of a doubly-fed asynchronous wind power generator, P MPPT The active power generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator under the maximum power tracking is ΔP, and the active power additionally generated by the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator after being disturbed;
electromagnetic power of doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator is taken as output quantity, and introducedAnd omega 1 -ω 0 Changing the electromagnetic power P by the feedback amount of (2) e The kinetic energy of the doubly-fed wind power asynchronous generator is compensated to the power shortage of a small interference system, wherein the electromagnetic power expression is as follows:
wherein P is e0 Is the initial value of the electromagnetic power of the doubly-fed fan, P e Electromagnetic power H of doubly-fed fan at this moment eq Is equivalent to virtual inertia, D eq Omega is equivalent virtual damping 1 For the angular frequency, ω of the network 0 Is the rated angular frequency.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mathematical model formula for linearizing the power system including the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator at the balance point is:
4. The method for controlling the active output of a doubly-fed wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the specific method for changing the control parameters of the virtual inertia and the virtual damping is as follows: the value of the control parameter should meet the frequency change rate and the frequency range specified by the safety requirement; and obtaining the changes of parameters such as damping ratio, overshoot, adjustment time and the like of the frequency under different values by changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping coefficient.
5. The method for controlling the active output of a doubly-fed wind machine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the specific method for changing the virtual inertia and the virtual damping by adopting the particle swarm algorithm is as follows: by changing the direction and speed of each particle movement, the virtual inertia and the virtual damping are dynamically changed, and the peak value of each oscillation and the adjustment time of the system after disturbance are changed.
6. The method for controlling the active output of a doubly-fed wind generator according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the control algorithm is specifically configured to control the rotor current of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator, and the stator q-axis flux is oriented according to the flux linkageStator d-axis flux linkage->The electromagnetic torque at this time is:
wherein T is e Electromagnetic torque, n, expressed as a doubly-fed wind machine p Expressed as the pole pair number, L, of a doubly-fed wind machine M Is the mutual inductance between stator and rotor of doubly-fed fan, L s Is the stator inductance of the doubly-fed fan, L r Is the rotor inductance of the doubly-fed wind machine,is a double-fed fan stator d-axis magnetic linkage, < >>Is a doubly-fed fan rotor q-axis flux linkage, < >>Is the d-axis current of the doubly-fed fan stator, +.>For doubly-fed fan stator q-axis current, +.>For doubly-fed wind turbine rotor d-axis current, +.>Is the q-axis current of the doubly-fed wind turbine rotor. />
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CN117200260A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-08 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for inhibiting low-frequency oscillation of power system |
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CN117200260A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-08 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for inhibiting low-frequency oscillation of power system |
CN117200260B (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-03-12 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for inhibiting low-frequency oscillation of power system |
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