CN116256648A - Lithium battery SOH estimation method based on charging data - Google Patents
Lithium battery SOH estimation method based on charging data Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011166 aliquoting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of battery state of health management, in particular to a lithium battery SOH estimation method based on charging data, which comprises the following calculation steps: selecting a reference battery and a test battery, carrying out a charging experiment on the reference battery according to the same charging mode, obtaining charging data generated by the reference battery and the test battery at each charging temperature, selecting a preset range from battery terminal voltage data of the reference battery as a terminal voltage interval, and equally dividing the terminal voltage interval into a specified number of terminal voltage sub-intervals; respectively calculating the charge capacity of the reference battery and the test battery in each terminal voltage subinterval by using a charge capacity calculation formula; the corresponding charge capacities of the reference battery and the test battery are imported into an SOH estimation formula for calculation, so that SOH of the test battery at the corresponding charge temperature is obtained; the invention can rapidly and accurately calculate the SOH of the lithium battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery health state management, in particular to a lithium battery SOH estimation method based on charging data.
Background
In the practical engineering application of SOH estimation of a power battery of a new energy automobile, the conventional estimation method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining the rest voltage of a vehicle battery before charging and the rest voltage after charging, then carrying out SOC calibration by combining with battery OCV-SOC data, and finally calculating the ratio of the charge capacity of the battery to the SOC variation in the charging process, thus the true residual capacity and SOH of the battery can be calculated. However, this method has the following problems in use:
1. in the SOC real-time calibration using the OCV-SOC data, the battery needs to stand for a sufficient time, for example, one to two hours, to obtain the resting voltage of the battery before charging and the resting voltage after charging. In the actual car use process of the user, the battery is charged when the battery is in a shortage state and is used when the battery is full, so that enough standing time cannot be reserved for the battery, and voltage data before and after standing cannot be timely and accurately acquired.
2. The OCV-SOC data in actual use is obtained through a battery in a brand new state in an OCV test experiment, which leads to the OCV-SOC data always remaining unchanged. In the whole life cycle of the battery, the OCV of the battery can change along with the aging of the battery, and the OCV is always unchanged, so that the OCV does not accord with the actual situation and can inevitably bring larger error to the calculation result.
Therefore, the SOH of the lithium battery cannot be calculated in a short time by adopting the method, and the calculation accuracy is low, so that a user cannot effectively acquire the SOH of the lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a lithium battery SOH estimation method based on charging data. The invention can rapidly and accurately calculate the SOH of the lithium battery.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the lithium battery SOH estimation method based on the charging data comprises the following calculation steps:
s1, selecting a brand new battery as a reference battery, and selecting a battery which is used for a set number of times as a test battery;
s2, collecting charging data of the test battery under the daily use condition, wherein the charging data comprise charging time, charging current and terminal voltage of the test battery;
s3, carrying out a charging experiment on the reference battery by adopting the same charging mode as that of the test battery, and obtaining corresponding charging data, wherein the charging data comprise charging time, charging current, terminal voltage and SOC of the reference battery;
s4, selecting a set terminal voltage range from terminal voltage data of the reference battery as a terminal voltage interval, wherein the terminal voltage interval is the same at each charging temperature, and equally dividing the terminal voltage interval into a specified number of terminal voltage sub-intervals;
s5, respectively calculating the charge capacity of the reference battery and the charge capacity of the test battery in the charge terminal voltage subinterval by using a charge capacity calculation formula;
and S6, introducing the calculated charge capacities of the reference battery and the test battery into an SOH estimation formula for calculation so as to obtain the SOH of the test battery at the corresponding charge temperature.
As still further aspects of the invention: the specific operation steps of step S4 are as follows:
s41, selecting an SOC section set in the reference battery SOC data as a charging section, wherein the charging section takes the same range at each charging temperature;
s42, selecting a terminal voltage segment in a terminal voltage range corresponding to the reference battery charging segment as the terminal voltage interval;
and S43, dividing the terminal voltage interval acquired in the step S42 into equal parts according to the designated equal parts so as to acquire the terminal voltage sub interval.
As still further aspects of the invention: the specific operation steps of step S5 are as follows:
s51, introducing charging time and charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage subinterval of the reference battery into a charging capacity calculation formula for calculation at each charging temperature to obtain charging capacity of the reference battery in each terminal voltage subinterval at different charging temperatures, and recording the charging capacity as reference charging capacity; the calculation formula of the reference charge capacity corresponding to the reference battery is as follows:
wherein ,A m,x indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxReference charge capacity within the individual terminal voltage subintervals;T m,x,2 indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the upper limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;T m,x,1 indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the lower limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;I A,m,x indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging current in the terminal voltage subinterval;
s52, averaging the reference charging capacity calculated in the step S51, and further obtaining the average reference charging capacity of the reference battery in the terminal voltage section at the corresponding charging temperature, wherein the calculation formula of the average reference charging capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P A,m indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAverage reference charge capacity in the terminal voltage interval at the seed charge temperature;nthe number of the terminal voltage intervals is equally divided into terminal voltage sub-intervals;
s52, introducing the charging time and the charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage sub-interval into a charging capacity calculation formula under each charging temperature of the test battery,obtaining the charging capacity of the test battery in each terminal voltage sub-interval at different temperatures, and recording the charging capacity as the test charging capacity; the test charging capacity calculation formula corresponding to the test battery is as follows:
wherein ,B m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxTest charge capacity within the individual terminal voltage subintervals;t m,x,2 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the upper limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;t m,x,1 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the lower limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;I B,m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging current in the terminal voltage subinterval;
s54, averaging the measured charge capacities calculated in the step S53 to obtain average test charge capacities of the test battery in the terminal voltage interval at each charge temperature，The calculation formula for the average test charge capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P B,m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the average test charging capacity in the terminal voltage interval;nthe terminal voltage interval is equally divided into the number of terminal voltage sub-intervals.
As still further aspects of the invention: the specific operation steps of step S6 are as follows:
to be calculated to obtainP B,m AndP A,m substituting into an SOH estimation formula for calculation, and further obtaining the SOH of the tested battery at the corresponding charging temperature, wherein the SOH estimation formula is as follows:
wherein ,SOH m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmThe degree of battery health at the charging temperature.
As still further aspects of the invention: the charging temperature ranges from [0,50 ℃).
As still further aspects of the invention: the charging mode refers to a charging mode which is designed and determined when the battery leaves the factory, namely, a charging mode of daily use of the battery.
As still further aspects of the invention: when a charging experiment is carried out, charging the reference battery by using charging equipment used in daily charging of the test battery; detecting and recording the charging time and the charging current of the reference battery in real time by adopting a ammeter; detecting and recording the process of the SOC of the reference battery from 0 to 100% in real time by an SOC detection device; detecting and recording the terminal voltage of the reference battery in real time by using a voltmeter; and according to the charging time of the reference battery, the charging current, the terminal voltage and the SOC of the reference battery are in one-to-one correspondence.
As still further aspects of the invention: the reference battery and the test battery are batteries of the same model and the same specification, which are produced by the same manufacturer in the same production batch.
As still further aspects of the invention: the brand new battery is a battery in a state that SOH is 100%.
As still further aspects of the invention: the set number of times the test battery has been used is 150.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the experimental data obtained through the charging experiment is accurate and reliable, so that the SOH of the lithium battery can be rapidly and accurately calculated.
2. When each item of data of the reference battery is selected, the real-time experimental data obtained in the charging experiment is mainly adopted. On one hand, the workload and the cost of the charging experiment are low, and the cost of the experiment is saved; on the other hand, the charging data of the test battery is measured on the battery in actual use, which is more practical, has no excessive limitation and is very easy to obtain, so the invention has good universality and practicability.
3. According to the invention, SOH calculation to the battery cell level can be accurately performed according to the voltage change characteristic in the lithium battery charging process.
4. The method has simple calculation logic and small calculation amount, and is convenient to be transplanted to processing equipment with different calculation power and storage capacity.
5. When the reference battery is subjected to a charging experiment, the adopted charging mode is consistent with the daily charging mode of the test battery, so that the convenience of data acquisition is reflected; firstly, the charging data can be obtained by using a reference battery to carry out a simple charging experiment, and secondly, the charging data of the battery to be tested in daily use is directly collected for calculation in the application of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the voltage of the battery terminal according to the charging capacity at low charging rate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
And (3) selecting a battery:
in the present invention, the types of batteries are mainly two, one is a reference battery as a reference, and the other is a test battery for detection. When selecting these two batteries, in order to reduce the gap between the two batteries as much as possible, the same manufacturer is usually selected, and the batteries of the same model and the same specification produced in the same production batch are produced, so that the reference battery and the test battery can be kept the same when leaving the factory, and the influence of production errors is reduced.
The reference battery is a totally new unused battery, i.e. the state of health SOH of the battery is 100%.
The test battery is a battery which has been used for a set number of times, and in the present invention, a battery which has been used for 150 times is selected as the test battery.
For the test battery, the charging data of the test battery in daily use is generally collected, and the data is obtained without carrying out special charging experiments on the test battery in daily practical use, namely, the charging data of the test electric measurement comes from the data which is recorded by the charging terminal in each charging and meets the requirements, and the charging data of the practical use is directly collected from the charging terminal. The test battery adopts a charging mode which is designed and determined when the battery leaves the factory, namely, the battery is charged by the charging mode which is used daily by the battery; and the actual charging data of the test battery includes the charging time, the charging current and the terminal voltage across the test battery while charging.
Charging experiment of reference battery:
the charging experiment is mainly to fill the battery with the discharged electric quantity, namely, the battery SOC is 0-100%.
The reference battery is charged in the same charging manner as the test battery, i.e., the charging device, ammeter, voltmeter, etc. used are the same during charging. The charging equipment used for charging the electric car is intelligent, all components are integrated together, and data are recorded uniformly by a chip. And detecting and recording the process of the SOC of the reference battery from 0 to 100% in real time by an SOC detection device.
When the charging experiment is carried out, the charging temperature of the battery is set, namely the charging temperature of the battery is the ambient temperature of the battery during charging and can be measured by a thermometer. The charging temperature ranges from [0,100 ℃), and the charging temperatures are distributed at equal intervals, namely, the charging temperatures are 0 ℃,5 ℃,10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃ and the like.
All the charging devices are combined and connected together according to the conventional electric connection principle, and the devices are placed in a temperature control room to develop charging experiments of the reference battery at all charging temperatures, and charging data generated in the experimental process are recorded. The charging data comprise one-to-one corresponding charging temperature, charging time, charging current, terminal voltage, SOC and other data.
Selecting reference battery charging data:
according to the actual charging condition, the SOC section set by the reference battery is selected as a charging section, and the charging section takes the same range at each charging temperature, namely, all the SOC sections are the same no matter what battery is at what temperature. The SOC interval is marked as a charging segment and used [SOC low ，SOC up ]The representation, wherein,SOC low as the lower limit value of the SOC interval,SOC up is the upper limit value of the SOC interval. The SOC interval is determined to be a charging segment for subsequent battery terminal voltage and capacity calibration service.
Wherein, for a lithium iron phosphate battery,SOC low taking the SOC of the battery at the inflection point of the 'plateau' of which the terminal voltage is separated from, generally 80-90%,SOC up 100% was taken. In the case of a ternary lithium battery,SOC low it is generally required to take 50% or more,SOC up 100% was taken.
The invention carries out the SOH estimation of the battery based on the characteristic that the lower the health degree of the battery is, the lower the corresponding charge capacity is in the middle and rear stages of the charging process in the same terminal voltage interval, so the charging sectionSOC low Generally, 50% or more is taken. However, in the lithium iron phosphate battery, the characteristic of "plateau" exists in the change curve of the terminal voltage of the battery with the charging capacity, that is, the terminal voltage of the battery has little significant change with the change of the charging capacity in the period, so the selection of the charging segment needs to avoid the "plateau". In fig. 2, the horizontal axis represents the charge capacity of the battery, and the vertical axis represents the terminal voltage of the battery. As can be seen from fig. 2, as the battery state of health slides down, the terminal voltage curves of the battery rotate counterclockwise at the points where the voltage curves meet. Specifically, it is known that the higher the cumulative cycle number (i.e., the better the battery state of health) in the same terminal voltage interval in the left part of the rotation center (i.e., the front part of the charging process)) The higher the corresponding charge capacity of the curve; in the right part of the rotation center (i.e. the rear part in the charging process), the charging capacity corresponding to the curve with higher accumulated cycle number (i.e. the worse the old battery state of health) is lower in the same terminal voltage interval.
And extracting the charging fragments meeting the requirements from the complete experimental data at each charging temperature according to the requirements of the charging fragments. The charging segment at each charging temperature corresponds to a terminal voltage interval, and then the terminal voltage interval is processednAliquoting to obtainnA terminal voltage sub-interval. The terminal voltage sub-intervals are as follows: [V 1 ,V 1 +ΔV]、[V 1 +ΔV,V 1 +2ΔV]、[V 1 +2ΔV,V 1 +3ΔV]、...、[V 1 +(n-3)ΔV,V 1 +(n-2)ΔV]、[V 1 +(n-2)ΔV,V 1 +(n-1)ΔV]、[V 1 +(n-1)ΔV,V 1 +nΔV]，V 1 Is the lower limit value of the terminal voltage interval,V 1 +nΔVis the upper limit value of the terminal voltage interval, deltaVTo equally divide the pitch, i.e., the amount of terminal voltage variation of the battery. DeltaVThe value of (2) is not critical, and can be simultaneously of various lengths, and the preferred value range is 0.05-0.1V. Importantly, the values of the terminal voltage intervals adopted for the charging fragments with different charging temperatures and the terminal voltage sub-intervals formed after the terminal voltage intervals are identical.
When a terminal voltage sub-section and a reference charge capacity are determined by using a reference battery, a charging section is roughly determined according to an SOC section, and then a series of sub-charging sections are divided in the roughly determined charging section according to a specified terminal voltage section. When the method is used for the test battery used in daily life, the SOC data is not needed to divide the charging segments, the corresponding charging segments are cut out from the charging data of the test battery in use according to the determined terminal voltage subintervals, and then the actual charging capacity of each terminal voltage subinterval is calculated.
Processing of charging data of the reference battery and the test battery:
the charging time and the charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage sub-interval of the reference battery at each charging temperature are led into a charging capacity calculation formula for calculation, so as to obtain the charging capacity of the reference battery at different charging temperatures in each terminal voltage sub-interval, and the charging capacity is recorded as the reference charging capacity; the calculation formula of the reference charge capacity corresponding to the reference battery is as follows:
wherein ,A m,x indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxReference charge capacity within the individual terminal voltage subintervals;T m,x,2 indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the upper limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;T m,x,1 indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the lower limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;I A,m,x indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging current in each terminal voltage sub-interval.
To pass throughA m,x The calculated reference charge capacity is averaged to obtain the average reference charge capacity of the reference battery in the terminal voltage interval at the corresponding charge temperature，The calculation formula of the average reference charge capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P A,m indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAverage reference charge capacity in the terminal voltage interval at the seed charge temperature;nthe terminal voltage interval is equally divided into the number of terminal voltage sub-intervals.
The method comprises the steps of introducing charging time and charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage sub-interval of a test battery into a charging capacity calculation formula at each charging temperature to obtain charging capacity of the test battery in each terminal voltage sub-interval at different temperatures, and recording the charging capacity as a test charging capacity; the test charging capacity calculation formula corresponding to the test battery is as follows:
wherein ,B m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxTest charge capacity within the individual terminal voltage subintervals;t m,x,2 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the upper limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;t m,x,1 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the lower limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;I B,m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging current in each terminal voltage sub-interval.
To pass throughB m,x The calculated test charge capacity is averaged to obtain the average test charge capacity of the test battery in the terminal voltage interval at the corresponding charge temperature，The calculation formula for the average test charge capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P B,m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the average test charging capacity in the terminal voltage interval;nthe terminal voltage interval is equally divided into the number of terminal voltage sub-intervals.
To be calculated to obtainP B,m AndP A,m and carrying out calculation in an SOH estimation formula to obtain the SOH of the tested battery at the corresponding charging temperature, wherein the SOH estimation formula is as follows:
wherein ,SOH m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmThe degree of battery health at the charging temperature.
Examples:
reference battery: a ternary lithium battery having an SOH of 100% and a model UR14650P and a rated charge capacity of 0.94Ah was used, and a charging experiment was performed as shown in fig. 1. The charging temperature is 10 ℃, 25 ℃ and 35 ℃ respectively; constant-current charging, wherein the charging multiplying power is 0.1, namely the charging current is 1200mA; the terminal voltage interval selected is [3.80,4.0], the equal division number is 4, the equal division interval is 0.05V, and the charging data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 charging data of reference battery
Testing the battery: a ternary lithium battery with a cumulative cycle number of 150 and model UR14650P was selected and had a rated charge capacity of 0.94Ah. Constant-current charging, wherein the charging multiplying power is 0.1, namely the charging current is 1200mA; the terminal voltage intervals selected are the same as those of the reference battery and are [3.80,4.0], the equal parts are 4, the equal interval is 0.05V, the charging data of the test battery at 25 ℃ are obtained, and the obtained charging data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 test battery charge data
The data of tables 1 and 2 are taken into a charge capacity calculation formula and an SOH estimation formula for calculation:
therefore, when the battery is charged for 150 times by adopting a common charging mode at the charging temperature of 25 ℃, the state of health of the battery still remains 97.85%, so that the SOH of the battery can be rapidly calculated.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The lithium battery SOH estimation method based on the charging data is characterized by comprising the following calculation steps:
s1, selecting a brand new battery as a reference battery, and selecting a battery which is used for a set number of times as a test battery;
s2, collecting charging data of the test battery under the daily use condition, wherein the charging data comprise charging time, charging current and terminal voltage of the test battery;
s3, carrying out a charging experiment on the reference battery by adopting the same charging mode as that of the test battery, and obtaining corresponding charging data, wherein the charging data comprise charging time, charging current, terminal voltage and SOC of the reference battery;
s4, selecting a set terminal voltage range from terminal voltage data of the reference battery as a terminal voltage interval, wherein the terminal voltage interval is the same at each charging temperature, and equally dividing the terminal voltage interval into a specified number of terminal voltage sub-intervals;
s5, respectively calculating the charge capacity of the reference battery and the charge capacity of the test battery in the charge terminal voltage subinterval by using a charge capacity calculation formula;
and S6, introducing the calculated charge capacities of the reference battery and the test battery into an SOH estimation formula for calculation so as to obtain the SOH of the test battery at the corresponding charge temperature.
2. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charging data according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps of step S4 are as follows:
s41, selecting an SOC section set in the reference battery SOC data as a charging section, wherein the charging section takes the same range at each charging temperature;
s42, selecting a terminal voltage segment in a terminal voltage range corresponding to the reference battery charging segment as the terminal voltage interval;
and S43, dividing the terminal voltage interval acquired in the step S42 into equal parts according to the designated equal parts so as to acquire the terminal voltage sub interval.
3. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charging data according to claim 2, wherein the specific operation steps of step S5 are as follows:
s51, introducing charging time and charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage subinterval of the reference battery into a charging capacity calculation formula for calculation at each charging temperature to obtain charging capacity of the reference battery in each terminal voltage subinterval at different charging temperatures, and recording the charging capacity as reference charging capacity; the calculation formula of the reference charge capacity corresponding to the reference battery is as follows:
s52, averaging the reference charging capacity calculated in the step S51, and further obtaining the average reference charging capacity of the reference battery in the terminal voltage section at the corresponding charging temperature, wherein the calculation formula of the average reference charging capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P A,m indicating that the reference battery is at the firstmAverage reference charge capacity in the terminal voltage interval at the seed charge temperature;nthe number of the terminal voltage intervals is equally divided into terminal voltage sub-intervals;
s52, introducing the charging time and the charging current corresponding to each terminal voltage sub-interval into a charging capacity calculation formula under each charging temperature of the test battery to obtain the charging capacity of the test battery in each terminal voltage sub-interval under different temperatures, and recording the charging capacity as the test charging capacity; the test charging capacity calculation formula corresponding to the test battery is as follows:
wherein ,B m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxTest charge capacity within the individual terminal voltage subintervals;t m,x,2 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the upper limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;t m,x,1 indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging time corresponding to the lower limit value of each terminal voltage subinterval;I B,m,x indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the firstxCharging current in the terminal voltage subinterval;
s54, averaging the measured charge capacity calculated in the step S53, and further obtaining an average test charge capacity of the test battery in the terminal voltage interval at the corresponding charge temperature, wherein the calculation formula of the average test charge capacity is as follows:
wherein ,P B,m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmAt the seed charging temperature, the average test charging capacity in the terminal voltage interval;nthe terminal voltage interval is equally divided into the number of terminal voltage sub-intervals.
4. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charging data according to claim 3, wherein the specific operation steps of step S6 are as follows:
to be calculated to obtainP B,m AndP A,m substituting into an SOH estimation formula for calculation, and further obtaining the SOH of the tested battery at the corresponding charging temperature, wherein the SOH estimation formula is as follows:
wherein ,SOH m indicating that the test cell is at the firstmThe degree of battery health at the charging temperature.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the charging temperature is in the range of 0,50 ℃.
6. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charging data according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the charging mode is a charging mode which has been designed and determined when the battery leaves the factory, i.e. a charging mode which is used for daily use of the battery.
7. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charge data according to claim 6, wherein the reference battery is charged by using a charging device used in daily charging of the test battery when the charging experiment is performed; detecting and recording the charging time and the charging current of the reference battery in real time by adopting a ammeter; detecting and recording the process of the SOC of the reference battery from 0 to 100% in real time by an SOC detection device; detecting and recording the terminal voltage of the reference battery in real time by using a voltmeter; and according to the charging time of the reference battery, the charging current, the terminal voltage and the SOC of the reference battery are in one-to-one correspondence.
8. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charge data according to claim 7, wherein the reference battery and the test battery are the same manufacturer, and the same model and the same specification of batteries are produced in the same production lot.
9. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charge data according to claim 8, wherein the completely new battery is a battery in which SOH is 100%.
10. The method for estimating SOH of a lithium battery based on charge data according to claim 9, wherein the set number of used times of the test battery is 150.
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