CN116187082A - Single-machine equivalent modeling method for wind power plant - Google Patents
Single-machine equivalent modeling method for wind power plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A wind power plant single-machine equivalent modeling method relates to the field of modeling of new energy stations of a power system. The method solves the problems that the existing wind farm equivalent modeling method cannot be suitable for actual engineering, the established model lacks versatility, and the parameter identification implementation process is complex. According to the method, a detailed model of the wind power plant is built according to the acquired electrical equipment parameters of the wind power plant and the running scene of the wind turbine generator; and carrying out single-machine equivalent parameter identification based on the wind power plant detailed model, and establishing an equivalent model of each model according to the single-machine equivalent parameters of each model to finish the establishment of the wind power plant equivalent model. In the parameter identification process, the same type of wind turbine generator in the wind power plant is respectively equivalent to an equivalent machine, all box transformers and collecting networks matched with the same type of wind turbine generator are respectively equivalent to equivalent box transformers and equivalent collecting networks, and parameter identification is carried out on all equivalent equipment. The method is mainly used for modeling the new energy station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of modeling of new energy stations of an electric power system.
Background
With the increasing prominence of global energy and environmental problems, wind power generation occupies a higher proportion in a power grid due to the advantages of cleanliness, flexibility, sustainability and the like. The deep integration of power grid dispatching makes real-time simulation and online safe and stable analysis put higher demands on the precision of system element models and parameters. The large-scale and distributed access of new energy power generation changes the original tide distribution, line transmission power and the inertia of the whole system of the power grid, has influence on the static and dynamic stability of the power system, makes the simulation of the power system model complicated and difficult, and particularly seriously influences the simulation precision under the condition of high-proportion access of new energy. How to build a new energy station aggregation equivalent model with the same actual operation characteristics becomes one of key problems to be solved in power grid planning and operation control.
Currently, there are a number of solutions for modeling electromechanical transient equivalence of wind farms, such as:
1. wang Lei et al, "direct drive wind farm dynamic equivalent modeling based on improved D-K clustering algorithm" solar theory report: 2021, 42 (03): 48-55, the article groups the wind power plants for the first time according to the conduction condition of each PMSG unloading circuit in the wind power plants, then takes the machine end voltage value in the period of the non-conduction PMSG fault of the unloading circuit as a grouping index, and applies an improved D-K clustering algorithm to cluster the wind power plants to perform clustering equivalence, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the clustering result and being capable of reflecting the transient response characteristics of the PMSG wind power plant grid connection points more accurately.
2. Zhang Jian et al, "permanent magnet direct drive wind farm equivalent model parameter identification based on track sensitivity analysis" technical science report: 2019, 35 (14): 1-13, the article establishes a detailed dynamic equivalent model and an initialization method of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power plant based on wind power plant public grid-connected point phasor measurement unit data, analyzes the track sensitivity of parameters, and provides a strategy for carrying out parameter identification on high-sensitivity time-varying parameters and high-sensitivity control system parameters by adopting an improved Gene Learning Particle Swarm (GLPSO) mixing algorithm, wherein other parameters are fixed to be aggregation values or typical values.
3. Dong Wenkai et al, 2021, 45 (04): 1241-1250, which discloses a grid technology of a single-machine equivalent model of a wind turbine group for small-signal stability analysis, derives a representation form of the single-machine equivalent model of the wind turbine group based on a linearization state space model aiming at small-signal stability analysis of a wind power grid-connected system, and further extends to a multi-wind power plant grid-connected system to obtain a dynamic equivalent representation form thereof.
In summary, most of the existing methods are to build an electromagnetic simulation model of a wind turbine generator set through MATLAB or PSCAD and then to identify equivalent parameters of a wind power plant, so that the method cannot adapt to PSASP electromechanical transient simulation software adopted by domestic actual engineering, the built model lacks generality and the implementation process of parameter identification is complex. The above problems need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing wind farm equivalent modeling method cannot be suitable for actual engineering, the established model lacks generality and the realization process of parameter identification is complex.
A wind power plant single machine equivalent modeling method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring electrical equipment parameters of a wind power plant and a running scene of a wind turbine generator;
s2, building a detailed model of the wind power plant according to the electrical equipment parameters of the wind power plant and the running scene of the wind turbine generator, which are obtained in the step S1;
s3, carrying out single-machine equivalent parameter identification based on a wind farm detailed model, wherein the single-machine equivalent parameter identification specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of enabling the equivalent of the same type of wind turbine generators in a detailed model of a wind power plant to be an equivalent machine of the same type, and enabling all box transformers and collecting networks matched with the wind turbine generators of the same type to be equivalent, wherein the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collecting networks of the same type are respectively equivalent; performing single-machine equivalent parameter identification on the equivalent machines, the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collector networks of each model to obtain single-machine equivalent parameters of each model;
the single machine equivalent parameters of each model comprise equivalent machine parameters, equivalent box transformer parameters and equivalent collector network parameters;
s4, establishing an equivalent model of each model according to the single machine equivalent parameters of each model, and completing establishment of the equivalent model of the wind power plant.
Preferably, in step S1, the electrical equipment parameters include a wind turbine generator set parameter before the equivalent, a box transformer parameter before the equivalent, a main transformer parameter before the equivalent and a collector network parameter before the equivalent;
the running scene of the wind turbine generator is the output of the wind turbine generator.
Preferably, in step S3, the equivalent machine parameters include an equivalent machine basic parameter and an equivalent machine operation parameter; wherein,,
the equivalent machine basic parameters comprise generator/converter model parameters, wind turbine and controller parameters, local level controller parameters, control parameters during voltage ride-through, voltage recovery control parameters, and asymmetric fault and virtual inertia control parameters;
the operation parameters of the equivalent machine comprise:
wherein m is the number of wind turbines of the same type before equivalence, and P i The output of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent is i=1, 2, … m and P n Rated power S of wind turbine generator set with same model before equivalence n Rated capacity of the wind turbine generator set with the same type before equivalence, P eq Is the output of equivalent machine, P n_eq Rated power of equivalent machine S n_eq Is the rated capacity of the equivalent machine;
the equivalent box-section parameters include:
in the formula 2, R1 is a positive sequence resistance of a box transformer matched with the wind turbine, and X1 is a positive sequence resistance of the box transformer matched with the wind turbinePositive inductive reactance of the matched box transformer, GM is excitation conductance of the matched box transformer of the wind turbine generator, BM is excitation susceptance of the matched box transformer of the wind turbine generator, R1 eq Positive sequence resistor X1 for equivalent box transformer eq Positive sequence inductance and GM of equivalent box transformer eq Excitation conductance, BM, for equivalent box-section eq Excitation susceptance for equivalent box transformer;
the equivalent collector network parameters include:
in formula 3, S i The apparent power of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same model before the equivalent value,
is the current of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent, S eq Is equivalent machine apparent power, +.>
Is equivalent to the machine current->
Is equivalent to the voltage of the machine>
Voltage at low-voltage side of main transformer of wind power plant, Z eq Is equivalent to the current collecting network line impedance.
It is preferred that the composition of the present invention,
in formula 4, R1 eq Positive sequence resistance of equivalent current collecting network line, X1 eq The positive inductance of the equivalent collector network circuit is calculated, re is calculated as a real part, and Im is calculated as an imaginary part.
Preferably, the wind farm detailed model and the equivalent machine model both belong to an electromechanical transient model.
Preferably, in step S2, a detailed model of the wind farm is built by using a PSASP software pair.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention are as follows:
1. the single-machine equivalent modeling method for the wind power plant is simple in grouping, modeling and calculating processes, is easy to realize in practical engineering, is suitable for practical engineering and has strong universality, and particularly, the equivalent of each wind power plant of the same model in the wind power plant is one equivalent machine, the equivalent box transformer of the model is obtained by converting all box transformers matched with the wind power plant of the same model into equivalent box transformers of the model, and the equivalent of all collector networks matched with the wind power plant of the same model is an equivalent collector network of the model.
2. The invention has simple parameter identification process and is convenient to realize.
3. The method is not influenced by the types of the wind turbine (such as double feed and direct drive), and only the model difference of the wind turbine is considered to construct a model;
4. the invention can be used for building a detailed model of the wind power plant, building an equivalent model of each model and the like based on a PSASP software environment commonly used in actual engineering.
5. The single-machine equivalent modeling method for the wind power plant can improve the simulation accuracy of the power grid, avoid the problem that the running mode is too conservative due to inaccurate wind power models in the prior art, and improve the safe running level and wind power acceptance of the power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a single machine equivalent modeling method of a wind farm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detailed model structure of a wind farm; wherein, the WTG1 to WTG22 are respectively the 1 st to 22 nd wind generation sets,
is the current collecting network impedance; -an outgoing line; />
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the wind farm equivalent model established after the single machine equivalent parameter identification of FIG. 2 is performed by the invention; wherein, reference numeral 1 is an equivalent model of model 1, and reference numeral 2 is an equivalent model of model 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The first embodiment is as follows: the following describes a method for modeling equivalent of a single wind farm machine according to the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1, where the method includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring electrical equipment parameters of a wind power plant and a running scene of a wind turbine generator;
s2, building a detailed model of the wind power plant according to the electrical equipment parameters of the wind power plant and the running scene of the wind turbine generator, which are obtained in the step S1;
s3, carrying out single-machine equivalent parameter identification based on a wind farm detailed model, wherein the single-machine equivalent parameter identification specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of enabling the equivalent of the same type of wind turbine generators in a detailed model of a wind power plant to be an equivalent machine of the same type, and enabling all box transformers and collecting networks matched with the wind turbine generators of the same type to be equivalent, wherein the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collecting networks of the same type are respectively equivalent; performing single-machine equivalent parameter identification on the equivalent machines, the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collector networks of each model to obtain single-machine equivalent parameters of each model;
the single machine equivalent parameters of each model comprise equivalent machine parameters, equivalent box transformer parameters and equivalent collector network parameters;
s4, building an equivalent model of each model according to the single machine equivalent parameters of each model, and completing building of the equivalent model of the wind power plant.
When the method is applied, all types of equivalent machines, equivalent box transformers and equivalent collector networks are obtained in the step S3, and when an equivalent model of a certain model is built in the step S4, the equivalent model of the certain model comprises the equivalent machines, the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collector networks of the certain model, and specific parameters of the equivalent machines, the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collector networks of the certain type can be determined specifically through the obtained single-machine equivalent parameters, so that the equivalent model of the certain model is determined.
The single-machine equivalent modeling method of the wind power plant does not need to group wind power sets, is simple to calculate, and is a single-machine equivalent method which is easy to realize in actual engineering, namely: the method comprises the steps of enabling each equivalent value of wind turbines of the same model in a wind power plant to be an equivalent machine, enabling all box transformers matched with the wind turbines of the same model to be equivalent box transformers of the same model, enabling all current collecting networks matched with the wind turbines of the same model to be equivalent current collecting networks of the same model, and particularly enabling the equivalent value of the wind turbines of the same model to be 1 equivalent machine of the same model when the number of the wind turbines of the same model is 1; when the number of the wind turbines of the same model is multiple, equating all the wind turbines of the model to 1 equivalent machine of the model; meanwhile, the invention is not influenced by the types (such as double feed and direct drive) of the wind turbine, and only the model difference of the wind turbine is considered; the single-machine equivalent modeling method for the wind power plant can improve the simulation accuracy of the power grid, avoid the problem that the running mode is too conservative due to inaccurate wind power models in the prior art, and improve the safe running level and wind power acceptance of the power grid.
The equivalent model of the wind power plant comprises 1 or more types of equivalent models, and the types of the equivalent models are identical to the types of the wind power generation set.
In specific application, the electrical equipment parameters comprise wind turbine generator parameters before equivalent, box transformer parameters before equivalent, main transformer parameters before equivalent and collector network parameters before equivalent; the running scene of the wind turbine generator is the output of the wind turbine generator. When the method is applied specifically, when an operation scene is provided, the actual output of the wind turbine generator is taken as the current operation scene; when the operation scene is not provided, the output of the given wind turbine generator is given
As a current operation scenario, wherein P i ' is the given output of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generators of the same type before the equivalent, i=1, 2 and … m, m is the number of the wind turbine generators of the same type before the equivalent, and P n The rated power of the wind turbine generator set with the same model before the equivalent.
The wind turbine generator set parameters before the equivalent comprise generator/converter model parameters before the equivalent, wind turbine and controller parameters before the equivalent, local level controller parameters before the equivalent, voltage crossing period control parameters before the equivalent, voltage recovery control parameters before the equivalent, asymmetric faults and virtual inertia control parameters before the equivalent, unit output before the equivalent, rated power and rated capacity before the equivalent, box transformer parameters before the equivalent comprise box transformer positive sequence resistance before the equivalent, box transformer positive sequence reactance before the equivalent, box transformer excitation conductance before the equivalent, box transformer excitation susceptance before the equivalent, main transformer parameters before the equivalent comprise main transformer positive sequence resistance before the equivalent, main transformer positive sequence reactance before the equivalent, main transformer excitation conductance before the equivalent, main transformer excitation susceptance before the equivalent, and collector network parameters before the equivalent comprise collector network positive sequence resistance before the equivalent and collector network positive sequence reactance before the equivalent.
In the step S2, the wind farm detailed model is established by PSASP software, and the establishment process can be realized by the prior art.
Still further, the method comprises the steps of,
in the step S3, the equivalent machine parameters comprise equivalent machine basic parameters and equivalent machine operation parameters; wherein,,
the equivalent machine basic parameters comprise generator/converter model parameters, wind turbine and controller parameters, local level controller parameters, control parameters during voltage ride-through, voltage recovery control parameters, and asymmetric fault and virtual inertia control parameters;
the operation parameters of the equivalent machine comprise:
wherein m is the number of wind turbines of the same type before equivalence, and P i The output of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent is i=1, 2, … m and P n Rated power S of wind turbine generator set with same model before equivalence n Rated capacity of the wind turbine generator set with the same type before equivalence, P eq Is the output of equivalent machine, P n_eq Rated power of equivalent machine S n_eq Is the rated capacity of the equivalent machine;
the equivalent box-section parameters include:
in the formula 2, R1 is a positive sequence resistance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, X1 is a positive sequence inductance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, GM is excitation conductance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, BM is excitation susceptance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, and R1 eq Positive sequence resistor X1 for equivalent box transformer eq Positive sequence inductance and GM of equivalent box transformer eq Excitation conductance, BM, for equivalent box-section eq Excitation susceptance for equivalent box transformer;
the equivalent collector network parameters include:
in formula 3, S i The apparent power of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same model before the equivalent value,
is the current of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent, S eq Is equivalent machine apparent power, +.>
Is equivalent to the machine current->
Is equivalent to the voltage of the machine>
Voltage at low-voltage side of main transformer of wind power plant, Z eq For equivalent collector network line impedance, (-) * Is conjugated.
Still further, the method comprises the steps of,
in formula 4, R1 eq Positive sequence resistance of equivalent current collecting network line, X1 eq The positive inductance of the equivalent collector network circuit is calculated, re is calculated as a real part, and Im is calculated as an imaginary part.
The wind farm equivalent model constructed by the invention can be verified through the following tests, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
low voltage ride through response verification: three-phase short-circuit faults are arranged at the outlet of the wind power plant, voltages drop to 0.5p.u., 0.35p.u., and 0.2p.u., and fault duration is set according to voltage drop working conditions in low-voltage ride-through detection reports of wind power units of corresponding types in specific application, on the basis of field practical application, wind power plant outlet voltage, active power and reactive power response curves of a wind power plant detailed model and a wind power plant equivalent model are verified, effectiveness of the wind power plant equivalent model constructed according to the following conditions of corresponding curves generated by the two models is illustrated, and specific application proves that the wind power plant equivalent model has good modeling effect, and error ranges of wind power plant outlet voltage, active power and reactive power response curves do not exceed 0.05p.u.
High voltage ride through response verification: the three-phase voltage rise faults are arranged at the outlet of the wind power plant, the voltages rise to 1.2p.u., 1.25p.u., and 1.3p.u., and the fault duration is set according to the voltage rise working conditions in the high-voltage ride through detection report of the wind power generator set with corresponding model, the wind power plant outlet voltage, active power and reactive power response curves of the detailed model and the equivalent model are verified based on the field practical application, the effectiveness of the equivalent model of the wind power plant constructed according to the following condition of the corresponding curves generated by the two models is demonstrated, and the specific application proves that the wind power plant has good modeling effect, wherein the error range of the wind power plant outlet voltage, active power and reactive power response curves does not exceed 0.05p.u.
The relationship between a detailed model of a wind power plant and an equivalent model of the wind power plant is shown by taking a wind turbine generator set with two types in the wind power plant as an example, referring to fig. 2 and 3, specifically:
FIG. 2 shows a detailed model of a wind farm based on acquired wind farm data; the two types of wind turbines are included in fig. 2, wherein the types of the wind turbines of WTG1, WTG5, WTG11 and WTG17 are model 1, and the types of the remaining wind turbines are model 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structure of the wind farm equivalent model established after the single machine equivalent parameter identification of FIG. 2 is performed by the method of the present invention. In fig. 3, after the single-machine equivalent parameter identification is performed, two types of equivalent models are obtained, which are respectively: model 1 and model 2, and the model 1 and model 2 constitute the wind farm equivalent model.
The equivalent model of the wind power plant constructed by the method can be intuitively seen through fig. 2 and 3. According to the modeling method, the wind turbine generators of the same type in the wind power plant are not required to be clustered, and when the modeling method is applied, the wind turbine generators of the same type in the wind power plant are respectively equivalent to one equivalent machine, all box transformers matched with the wind turbine generators of the same type are equivalent to the equivalent box transformer of the type, all current collecting networks matched with the wind turbine generators of the same type are equivalent to the equivalent current collecting network of the type, and the equivalent current collecting network is sequentially connected to a power grid through the wind power plant main transformer and an external line after the equivalent; the method is not influenced by the types (such as double feed and direct drive) of the wind turbine, only the model difference of the wind turbine is considered, and the modeling process is simple and convenient to realize.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (6)
1. The wind power plant single machine equivalent modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring electrical equipment parameters of a wind power plant and a running scene of a wind turbine generator;
s2, building a detailed model of the wind power plant according to the electrical equipment parameters of the wind power plant and the running scene of the wind turbine generator, which are obtained in the step S1;
s3, carrying out single-machine equivalent parameter identification based on a wind farm detailed model, wherein the single-machine equivalent parameter identification specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of enabling the equivalent of the same type of wind turbine generators in a detailed model of a wind power plant to be an equivalent machine of the same type, and enabling all box transformers and collecting networks matched with the wind turbine generators of the same type to be equivalent, wherein the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collecting networks of the same type are respectively equivalent; performing single-machine equivalent parameter identification on the equivalent machines, the equivalent box transformers and the equivalent collector networks of each model to obtain single-machine equivalent parameters of each model;
the single machine equivalent parameters of each model comprise equivalent machine parameters, equivalent box transformer parameters and equivalent collector network parameters;
s4, establishing an equivalent model of each model according to the single machine equivalent parameters of each model, and completing establishment of the equivalent model of the wind power plant.
2. The single-machine equivalent modeling method of a wind farm according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the electrical equipment parameters include a wind turbine generator set parameter before equivalent, a box transformer parameter before equivalent, a main transformer parameter before equivalent and a collector network parameter before equivalent;
the running scene of the wind turbine generator is the output of the wind turbine generator.
3. The single-machine equivalent modeling method of a wind farm according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the equivalent machine parameters include equivalent machine basic parameters and equivalent machine operation parameters; wherein,,
the equivalent machine basic parameters comprise generator/converter model parameters, wind turbine and controller parameters, local level controller parameters, control parameters during voltage ride-through, voltage recovery control parameters, and asymmetric fault and virtual inertia control parameters;
the operation parameters of the equivalent machine comprise:
wherein m is the number of wind turbines of the same type before equivalence, and P i The output of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent is i=1, 2, … m and P n Rated power S of wind turbine generator set with same model before equivalence n Rated capacity of the wind turbine generator set with the same type before equivalence, P eq Is the output of equivalent machine, P n_eq Rated power of equivalent machine S n_eq Is the rated capacity of the equivalent machine;
the equivalent box-section parameters include:
in the formula 2, R1 is a positive sequence resistance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, X1 is a positive sequence inductance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, GM is excitation conductance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, BM is excitation susceptance of the wind turbine generator set matching box transformer, and R1 eq Positive sequence resistor X1 for equivalent box transformer eq Positive sequence inductance and GM of equivalent box transformer eq Excitation conductance, BM, for equivalent box-section eq Excitation susceptance for equivalent box transformer;
the equivalent collector network parameters include:
in formula 3, S i The apparent power of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same model before the equivalent value,
is the current of the ith wind turbine generator in the wind turbine generator of the same type before the equivalent, S eq Is equivalent machine apparent power, +.>
Is equivalent to the machine current->
Is the voltage of the equivalent machine, and the voltage of the equivalent machine,
voltage at low-voltage side of main transformer of wind power plant, Z eq Is equivalent to the current collecting network line impedance.
4. A method for modeling single machine equivalence of a wind farm according to claim 3, wherein,
in formula 4, R1 eq Positive sequence resistance of equivalent current collecting network line, X1 eq The positive inductance of the equivalent collector network circuit is calculated, re is calculated as a real part, and Im is calculated as an imaginary part.
5. The single machine equivalent modeling method of a wind farm according to claim 1, wherein the detailed model and the equivalent machine model of the wind farm are both electromechanical transient models.
6. The method for modeling single machine equivalence of a wind farm according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, a detailed model of the wind farm is built by adopting PSASP software pairs.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117313293A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 山东大学 | Small signal equivalent modeling method, system, terminal and medium for direct-drive wind farm |
| CN117313293B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-02-27 | 山东大学 | Small signal equivalent modeling method, system, terminal and medium for direct-drive wind farm |
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