CN106410862B - Based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction - Google Patents
Based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, it is related to electric system simulation modeling technique field.The present invention is to solve the problems, such as that conventional individual equivalence method calculation amount and equivalent precision can not be taken into account.On the basis of establishing the Wind turbines transient Model consistent with actual measurement transient response characteristic, single machine fault simulation of the Wind turbines from incision wind speed every 0.1m/s to cut-out wind speed is carried out to test, active response curve of the Wind turbines at grid entry point under each wind speed is obtained, the slope characteristics of active recovery have been summed up；It was found that after fault clearance, the active power for working in different wind speed Wind turbines is restored according to certain slope to original steady state value；Two machine windfarm systems have been write out accordingly and have corresponded to the active slope correction function of single machine Equivalent Model, and have extended to the active slope correction function containing n platform constant frequency wind generator group wind power stations；The active channel that correction function is embedded in equivalent generator set controller can be obtained the single machine Equivalent Model after correction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction.Belong to electric system simulation to build
Mould technical field.
Background technology
With being continuously increased for wind-powered electricity generation permeability, correctly assesses its influence to electric system and become more and more important.However, one
Large Scale Wind Farm Integration usually contains tens even up to a hundred Wind turbines can if all individually modeled to every Wind turbines
Greatly increase complexity and the simulation calculation time of power system simulation model.Therefore, the research of wind power plant equivalent modeling work
It is very necessary.
The equivalence method of wind power plant can be divided into single machine equivalence and equivalent two classes of multimachine at present.Although multimachine equivalence method can
To reach higher equivalent precision, but complexity is calculated, when inputting wind speed variation, divides group's index, forms of characterization and equivalent board
Number will also change therewith.And the intelligent algorithm identification that this method usually needs cooperation complicated can characterize dividing for set state
Group's index, is grouped the Wind turbines in wind power plant, engineering practicability is poor.Therefore, the single machine Equivalent Model of wind power plant
It is increasingly subject to the attention of people.
There are two types of forms for the single machine Equivalent Model of wind power plant：
(1) "+1 generator of n platforms wind energy conversion system "：This method takes all unit machineries only by generator equivalence at one
Input of the active power output weighted sum of torque as equivalent generator.This method needs to establish the model of n platform wind energy conversion systems, model
Exponent number is higher, calculates complex.
(2) "+1 generator of 1 wind energy conversion system ".This method is also equivalent by wind energy conversion system on the basis of first method
It is one, takes the input of average wind speed or equivalent wind speed as equivalent unit.Calculating is more simple, and use is relatively broad.
Although the single machine equivalence method of wind power plant calculates simply, when the wind speed of Wind turbines in wind power plant differs greatly
When, precision is often difficult to meet the requirements.If pursuing higher equivalent precision to generally require that more complicated intelligent optimization is coordinated to calculate
Method improves the fitting precision of Equivalent Model and detailed model, is such as mended using genetic algorithm, mean square deviation heuristic optimization method, machine torque
Factor cooperation fuzzy logic or particle swarm optimization algorithm are repaid, makes error within the acceptable range.Wind power plant single machine equivalence method
Calculation amount and equivalent precision can not usually take into account.
In consideration of it, seeking that calculation amount is small, single machine equivalence method with high accuracy is particularly important.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve the problems, such as that conventional individual equivalence method calculation amount and equivalent precision can not be taken into account.Now provide
Based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction.
Based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, it includes the following steps：
Step 1: according to practical low-voltage ride-through testing system of wind generating set, the detailed transient Model of Wind turbines is built
Low voltage crossing test emulation system exports the Wind turbines and becomes under small-power output and two kinds of operating modes of high-power output
The medium voltage side of depressor carries out three phase short circuit fault emulation, and the voltage that detailed transient Model is arranged according to field experiment test case falls
Numerical value is fallen, finally compares emulation data and field experiment test data that fan outlet side measures, if between the two
Weighted average absolute error meets the requirement of Wind turbines electrical simulation modeling directive/guide, thens follow the steps two；
Step 2: according to the low voltage crossing test emulation system for the detailed transient Model of Wind turbines that step 1 is built,
The single machine emulation experiment of Wind turbines is carried out, is obtained from incision wind speed when 0.1m/s is to cut-out wind speed, wind-powered electricity generation under each wind speed
When three-phase shortcircuit earth fault occurs at grid entry point for unit, the active power response curve measured at grid entry point, according to the song
Line obtains the Wind turbines for working in different wind speed, and the active power after fault clearance at grid entry point is restored to initial steady state operation
Slope when point；
Step 3: according in the detailed transient Model of the Wind turbines obtained in step 2, it is grid-connected under each wind speed of Wind turbines
The recovery slope of active power at point, in conjunction with formula：
Single machine Equivalent Model is corresponded in failover procedure to obtain the wind power plant with n platform Wind turbines, it is grid-connected
The slope correction function of active power at point,
WhenWhen, the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope nk, number
Value is equal toWhenWhen,
Wherein m=1~(n-1), the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope (n-m) k, numerical value is equal toWhenWhen, the wattful power at grid entry point
Rate ppcc(t) it is equal to the steady-state value before failure, numerical value is equal to
In formula, t is currently running moment, ppcc(t) it is the grid entry point of the detailed Transient simulation model of wind power plant when current
The active power at quarter, while being also the object function of the grid entry point active power of wind power plant single machine Equivalent Model after correcting, t0When
Carve failure, t0+t2Moment fault clearance, m are positive integer, pi(t0+t2), i=1~n is i-th Wind turbines in t0+t2
Active power, ploss(t) be current time system total losses, k be Wind turbines after fault clearance, active power is extensive
Multiple slope, Pi, i=1~n is the stable state active power of i-th Wind turbines；
Step 4: the detailed Transient simulation model with n platform constant frequency wind generator group wind power stations is built, and will be all in wind power plant
Wind turbines equivalence is one and waits check-ins, calculates the equivalent parameters of equivalent unit and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter, obtains
Single machine Equivalent Model before correction；On the basis of single machine Equivalent Model before correction, correction function is embedded according to step 3
The active channel of equivalent Wind turbines controller corrected after single machine Equivalent Model, to realize be based on active recovery slope
The wind power plant single machine equivalence method of correction.
According to based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, which is characterized in that
It is further comprising the steps of：
Step 5: respectively to the single machine Equivalent Model before the detailed transient Model of wind power plant, correction, single machine after correction etc.
It is worth model and carries out different air speed datas, the three phase short circuit fault emulation of different faults point position compares three kinds of models in grid entry point
Locate active power, reactive power, voltage, electric current transient response curve, analysis verification propose based on active recovery slope school
The accuracy of positive single machine equivalence method.
According to based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, in step 1, by transient state simulation data
It is compared with field experiment test data, according to each period weighted average absolute error FiiCalculation formula：
Obtain total weighted average absolute error F values.
In formula, A1, B1, B2, C1, the C2 expression periods, XM(i) and Xs(I) it is respectively i-th point of measured value and emulation
Value；Kend, KstartFor the start sequence number of each time hop counts evidence, F is voltage, electric current, active power or the total weighting of reactive power
Mean absolute error,
Compared with total weighted average absolute error F values are modeled the requirement of directive/guide with Wind turbines electrical simulation, determination is taken
It is consistent with the dynamic characteristic of actually measured Wind turbines to build the detailed transient Model of Wind turbines.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The detailed transient Model of certain 1.5MW Double-feed wind power unit has been built, and its Transient simulation results and scene have been surveyed
Examination experimental result is compared, and error between the two meets《Wind turbines electrical simulation model modeling directive/guide》It is required that.It is logical
It crosses single machine fault simulation of the Wind turbines from incision wind speed every 0.1m/s to cut-out wind speed to test, obtains wind-powered electricity generation under each wind speed
Active response curve of the unit at grid entry point, has summed up the slope characteristics of active recovery.The study found that after fault clearance,
The Wind turbines of different wind speed are worked in, active power is restored to according to certain slope (in the present invention, slope k=0.15)
Initial steady state active power.It is equivalent according to the conventional individual equivalence analysis of experiments of 3 row, 6 row wind power plant conventional individual equivalence method
Error Producing reason finds that error focuses primarily upon active power and failure of the current Restoration stage, according to Double-feed wind power
The working mechanism of unit is it is found that active power and the error of electric current are the fitting effects due to the active channel of rotor-side converter
Caused by inaccurate.Then, by taking the concatenated wind power plant of two machines as an example, error Producing reason is demonstrated, and according to active recovery
Slope characteristics have write out two machine windfarm systems and have corresponded to the correction function of single machine Equivalent Model active power recovery slope, and pushed away
The wide correction function for restoring slope to the active power containing n platform Wind turbines windfarm systems.With the double-fed of 3 rows 6 row
For wind power plant, the detailed Transient simulation model of wind power plant, conventional individual Equivalent Model is built and will have been corrected according to step 3
Function insertion controller active channel corrected after single machine Equivalent Model.Using actual wind speed data and different failures
Point position the single machine Equivalent Model before the detailed transient Model of wind power plant, correction, the single machine Equivalent Model after correction are carried out therefore
Hinder l-G simulation test, demonstrates the accuracy for proposing bearing calibration.
The result shows that this, based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, physical meaning is clear, former
Reason is simple, and calculation amount is small, and precision is high, and good adaptability is all had to air speed data and position of failure point.
Description of the drawings
The flow based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction described in Fig. 1 specific implementation modes one
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the low-voltage ride-through testing system illustraton of model of practical Wind turbines；
Fig. 3 be Double-feed wind power unit under the operating mode that small-power export, fan outlet transformer medium voltage side generation three-phase
The comparison diagram of simulation result and measured result when short-circuit；
Fig. 4 be Double-feed wind power unit under the operating mode of high-power output, fan outlet transformer medium voltage side occur three-phase
The comparison diagram of simulation result and measured result when short-circuit
Fig. 5 is the definition schematic diagram of error calculation period, map parameter t0At the time of indicating that failure occurs, parameter t1Generation
The time of table crowbar circuit input, parameter t2Representing fault duration, parameter t3-t2Representing fault restores the required time,
Parameter T is the inverse for testing mains frequency；
Fig. 6 is the failure response curve graph of the active power in the full wind speed range of Wind turbines；
Fig. 7 is the air speed data of l-G simulation test；
Fig. 8 is the active power failure response curve graph of two machines series connection windfarm system；
Fig. 9 is the detailed Transient simulation model schematic diagram of 3 row, 6 row wind power plant；
Figure 10 is the single machine Equivalent Model schematic diagram before the correction of 3 row, 6 row wind power plant；
Figure 11 is the single machine Equivalent Model schematic diagram after the correction of 3 row, 6 row wind power plant；
When Figure 12 is the short circuit of wind power plant exit, the single machine etc. before the detailed model of the 6th group of air speed data wind power plant, correction
Single machine Equivalent Model simulation result comparison diagram after the correction that value model and use equivalence method of the present invention obtain；
When Figure 13 is the short circuit of wind power plant exit, the single machine before the detailed model of the 30th group of air speed data wind power plant, correction
Single machine Equivalent Model simulation result comparison diagram after the correction that Equivalent Model and use equivalence method of the present invention obtain；
When Figure 14 is the midpoint short circuit of one loop line of supply lines, before the detailed model of the 6th group of air speed data wind power plant, correction
Single machine Equivalent Model and the correction that is obtained using equivalence method of the present invention after single machine Equivalent Model simulation result comparison diagram；
When Figure 15 is the midpoint short circuit of one loop line of supply lines, the detailed model of the 30th group of air speed data wind power plant, correction
Single machine Equivalent Model simulation result comparison diagram after preceding single machine Equivalent Model and the correction for using equivalence method of the present invention to obtain.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The problem of calculation amount and precision for wind power plant conventional individual Equivalent Model can not usually be taken into account, the present invention are implemented
Example is proposed based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction.
Embodiment 1：
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction in embodiment one.
By taking the Double-feed wind power unit of certain 1.5MW as an example, by Wind turbines from incision wind speed every 0.1m/s to cut-out wind speed list
Machine fault simulation is tested, and is obtained active response curve of the Wind turbines at grid entry point under each wind speed, has been summed up wattful power
Slope characteristics of the rate in failover procedure.The study found that after fault clearance, the Wind turbines of different wind speed are worked in, are had
Work(power is restored to initial steady state active power according to certain slope (slope k=0.15 in the present invention).According to 3 row, 6 row wind
The conventional individual equivalence analysis of experiments of electric field conventional individual equivalence method systematic error Producing reason finds that error mainly collects
In in active power and failure of the current Restoration stage, according to the working mechanism of Double-feed wind power unit it is found that active power and
The error of electric current is caused by the fitting effect in the active channel of rotor-side converter is inaccurate.Then, concatenated with two machines
For wind power plant, error Producing reason is demonstrated, and has write out two machine windfarm systems and has corresponded to single machine Equivalent Model wattful power
Rate restores the correction function of slope, and has extended to the active power containing n platform Wind turbines windfarm systems and restored slope
Correction function.The active channel that correction function is embedded in target equivalence generator set controller can be obtained the single machine equivalence mould after correction
Type.To obtain based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction.
Referring to Fig.1, the present embodiment based on it is active restore slope correction wind power plant single machine equivalence method include step 1 extremely
Step 5.
Step 1: by taking certain 1.5MW Double-feed wind power unit as an example, according to《Wind turbines electrical simulation models directive/guide》In
It is required that and practical Wind turbines low-voltage ride-through testing system, built as shown in Figure 2 have this 1.5MW Double-feed wind power
The low voltage crossing test emulation system of the detailed transient Model of unit, in Fig. 2, reference numeral 1-1 indicates power grid, reference numeral 1-
2 indicate that No.1 30km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-3 indicate that No. two 30km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-4 indicate No.1 transformer,
Reference numeral 1-5 indicates that 0.5km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-6 indicate No.1 switch, and reference numeral 1-7 indicates No. two switches, attached
Icon remembers that 1-8 indicates that current-limiting reactor, reference numeral 1-9 indicate that No. three switches, reference numeral 1-10 indicate short-circuit reactance, attached drawing mark
Remember that 1-11 indicates that No. four switches, reference numeral 1-12 indicate that No. five switches, reference numeral 1-13 indicate No. two transformers, attached drawing mark
Remember that 1-14 indicates that measurement point, reference numeral 1-15 indicate doubly fed wind turbine generator, main simulation parameter is as shown in table 1, wind
Under small-power output and two kinds of operating modes of high-power output, transient emulation has motor group with what live low voltage test experiment obtained
Work(power, reactive power, the comparison difference of voltage and current are as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, simulation result and field experiment test result
Error calculation by taking active power as an example, A (A1), B (including B1 and B2), definition such as Fig. 5 institutes of C (including C1 and C2) periods
Show.Each period weighted average absolute error FiiCalculation formula it is as shown in formula 2.Wherein, T is to test falling for mains frequency
Number, XM(i)、Xs(i) measured value and simulation value for being i-th point, Kend, KstartFor the start sequence number of each time hop counts evidence, F is
Voltage, electric current, active power or the total weighted average absolute error of reactive power.
1 main simulation parameter of table
The error of fitting of calculated simulation model and measured data is as shown in table 2, meets the related request of directive/guide, then holds
Row step 2；
2 weighted average absolute error (%) of table
Step 2, according to the low voltage crossing analogue system for the 1.5MW Double-feed wind power units that step 1 is built, into sector-style
The single machine emulation experiment of motor group is obtained from incision wind speed (3m/s) when 0.1m/s to cut-out wind speed (30m/s), each wind speed
When three phase short circuit fault occurs at grid entry point for lower Wind turbines, active power response curve such as Fig. 6 institutes for being measured at grid entry point
Show, after finding fault clearance, works in the Wind turbines of different wind speed, active power is according to certain slope (k=0.15)
It is restored to initial steady state active power.
Step 3, further to explore conventional individual systematic error Producing reason, this patent is in certain 3 row, 6 row wind power plant 5
The moon 19 to May 26, in the 2017 groups of air speed datas measured every 5 minutes, randomly selected as shown in Figure 7 30 groups and carries out
Single machine equivalence is tested.Grid entry point (point of common coupling, PCC) is in 70s and three phase short circuit fault occurs,
70.1s failure removals, wind power plant are connected with Infinite bus system, and simulation parameter is same as above.Emulation discovery, Equivalent Model and detailed model
Error of fitting be concentrated mainly on active power and failure of the current Restoration stage, can according to the working mechanism of Double-feed wind power field
Know, active power and electric current are due to the active recovery in the active channel of rotor-side converter in the error of fitting of failover procedure
Caused by the fitting effect of rate parameter is inaccurate.The single machine Equivalent Model of 1-10 groups is chosen as space is limited, relative to detailed
Model accounts for before the global relative error numerical value and failure of active power, during failure with the relative error of failover procedure
The ratio of global relative error is shown, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Ratio shared by 3 conventional individual Equivalent Model overall situation relative error numerical value of table and each period relative error
| Group number | Global relative error | Before failure (%) | During failure (%) | Fault recovery (%) |
| 1 | 11.4682 | 0.0052 | 0.4956 | 99.4992 |
| 2 | 1.1473 | 1.8812 | 0.7605 | 97.3583 |
| 3 | 1.9056 | 1.3066 | 0.8864 | 97.8070 |
| 4 | 7.1235 | 0.4986 | 0.2220 | 99.2795 |
| 5 | 1.9461 | 1.6796 | 0.6782 | 97.6423 |
| 6 | 8.5015 | 0.4305 | 0.1223 | 99.4472 |
| 7 | 2.1121 | 0.3239 | 0.3172 | 99.3589 |
| 8 | 2.7540 | 0.0836 | 0.2224 | 99.6939 |
| 9 | 1.4763 | 0.0189 | 0.6415 | 99.3395 |
| 10 | 1.2782 | 0.3202 | 0.9098 | 98.7699 |
As shown in Table 3, the systematic error numerical value span of conventional individual Equivalent Model is larger, and effect is by wind farm wind velocity data
Influence it is very notable.And the systematic error of 97% or more active power derives from failover procedure.
Then, it is preferably to analyze this phenomenon Producing reason, herein with the wind of two machines series connection (unit is at a distance of 500m)
For electric field, emulation setting is same as above.The wind speed of unit 1,2 is respectively 7m/s and 13m/s, according to the power of wind power plant unit spy
The equivalent wind speed of linearity curve, single machine Equivalent Model is 10.78m/s.Single machine Equivalent Model (tradition before detailed model, correction
Single machine Equivalent Model), Wind turbines 1, failure response curve of the single machine Equivalent Model at PCC after Wind turbines 2 and correction
Comparison is as shown in Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 8, likewise, due to the active regeneration rate parameter in the active channel of rotor-side converter fitting effect not
The single machine systematic error of standard, two machines series connection wind power plant is concentrated mainly on the fault recovery stage of active power.And it is sent out through research
Existing, after the computational methods real time correction impedance using dynamic equivalent impedance, equivalent precision does not have clear improvement, illustrates to use
The method of impedance correction can only improve the smaller equivalent precision of wind speed range difference, and the more units to differ greatly to operating mode are because poly-
The improvement result of systematic error caused by equivalent machine unit characteristic variation caused by closing is limited.
Assuming that the power at detailed model is ppcc(t)+jqpcc(t), t is the current time of simulation run.The study found that
The fitting effect of reactive power is preferable, puts aside.The active power output of wind turbine 1 is p1(t), the active power output of wind turbine 2 is p2(t),
Assuming that p1(t)<=p2(t)。
According to Fig. 8 it can also be seen that all units being operated in wind power plant under different wind speed are (such as in the present embodiment
Wind turbine 1 and wind turbine 2) after fault clearance, restore to steady-state operation point according to slope k (k=0.15).Assuming that power flows into electricity
The direction of net is that just, can be obtained by Fig. 8, the active power output of wind turbine 1 and wind turbine 2 in current time t is during fault recovery：
So, grid entry point is in the active power of t：
After the different segmentations to the fault recovery stage the time required to reaching stable state according to wind turbine 1 and wind turbine 2, formula 4 can change
It is written as：
Wind turbine 1 is existed with rate k it can be seen from formula 5Moment takes the lead in reaching steady-state value, same with this
When, wind turbine 2 is restored with rate k to P1-p1(t0+t2)+p2(t0+t2), it continues later with and is existed with rate kMoment
Reach steady-state value, therefore between detailed model is at the time of fault clearance to wind turbine 1 restores to steady state power, having at grid entry point
Work(power will first be restored with slope 2k；Again wind turbine 1 restore to steady state power at the time of to wind turbine 2 restore to steady state power when
Between quarter, restored to the steady state power of whole system with slope k.
Work asWhen, the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope 2k,
Numerical value is equal to 2k (t- (t0+t2))+p1(t0+t2)+p2(t0+t2)-ploss(t), whenWhen, the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope k,
Numerical value is equal to P1+k(t-(t0+t2))+p2(t0+t2)-ploss(t), whenWhen, it is active at grid entry point
Power ppcc(t) it is equal to the steady-state value before failure, numerical value is equal to P1+P2-ploss(t)。
By Fig. 8 it can also be seen that the active power of the single machine Equivalent Model grid entry point before correction is in the fault recovery stage,
Restored to steady-state value with rate 2k always, the mismatch of regeneration rate results in fault recovery stage conventional individual Equivalent Model
(the single machine Equivalent Model before correcting) there are larger relative errors with detailed model.Therefore it is passed according to formula 5 by correcting
System single machine Equivalent Model improves the precision of single machine Equivalent Model in the setting value of fault recovery phase slope, i.e. unit 1 restores
To before steady state power, Equivalent Model is first restored with slope 2k；Restored again to the steady state power of wind power plant with slope k, correction is extensive
Single machine equivalence effect after negative slope as shown in figure 8, the single machine Equivalent Model before relatively being corrected after correction in failover procedure,
With the fitting effect of active power at detailed model grid entry point there is larger improvement, it was demonstrated that the correctness of the derivation of equation.
To sum up, similarly, for the wind power plant containing n platform Wind turbines, it is assumed that 1~n of wind turbine is according to active power output from small
It is numbered to big rule.After fault clearance, before at the time of wind turbine 1 restores to its steady state power, that is, work asWhen, the active power p at detailed model grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to rate nk, numerical value
It is equal toLater, before at the time of wind turbine 2 restores to its steady state power, that is, work asWhen, the active power p at detailed model grid entry pointpcc(t) according to rate (n-
1) k restores, and numerical value is equal toThen, restore to its stable state work(in wind turbine 3
Before at the time of rate, that is, work asWhen, the active power at detailed model grid entry point
ppcc(t) restore according to rate (n-2) k, numerical value is equal toAnd so on,
Wind turbine n restores to before at the time of its steady state power, that is, works asWhen, detailed model
Active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to rate k, numerical value is equal to
Until the active power at detailed model grid entry point is restored to steady state output, that is, work asWhen, detailed mould
Active power p at type grid entry pointpcc(t) it is equal to steady state output
Summing up to obtain as a result, there is the wind power plant of n platform Wind turbines to correspond to single machine Equivalent Model in failover procedure
In, the slope correction function of active power is at grid entry point：
In formula, t is currently running moment, ppcc(t) it is the grid entry point of the detailed Transient simulation model of wind power plant when current
The active power at quarter, while being also the object function of the grid entry point active power of wind power plant single machine Equivalent Model after correcting, t0When
Carve failure, t0+t2Moment fault clearance, m are positive integer, pi(t0+t2), i=1~n is i-th Wind turbines in t0+t2
Active power, ploss(t) be current time system total losses, k be Wind turbines after fault clearance, active power is extensive
Multiple slope, Pi, i=1~n is the stable state active power of i-th Wind turbines.
The wind power plant for 3 rows 6 row built for this patent, n=18, k=0.15, it is assumed that wind turbine 1~18 according to it is active go out
The rule number of power from small to large.After fault clearance, before at the time of wind turbine 1 restores to its steady state power, that is, work asWhen, the active power p at detailed model grid entry pointpcc(t) extensive according to rate 18 × 0.15
Multiple, numerical value is equal toLater, when wind turbine 2 restores to its steady state power
Before quarter, that is, work asWhen, the active power at detailed model grid entry point
ppcc(t) restore according to rate 17 × 0.15, numerical value is equal toThen, exist
Wind turbine 3 restores to before at the time of its steady state power, that is, works asWhen, in detail
Active power p at thin model grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to rate 16 × 0.15, numerical value is equal toAnd so on, at the time of wind turbine 18 restores to its steady state power
Before, that is, work asWhen, the active power at detailed model grid entry point
ppcc(t) restore according to rate 0.15, numerical value is equal toUntil detailed model is simultaneously
Active power at site is restored to steady state output, that is, works asWhen, having at detailed model grid entry point
Work(power ppcc(t) it is equal to steady state outputThe slope correction function of active power is rewritable at grid entry point is：
Therefore, the single machine Equivalent Model with 18 constant frequency wind generator group wind power stations is oblique during fault recovery in the present embodiment
Rate is corrected according to formula 6 can eliminate single machine Equivalent Model and error of fitting of the detailed model during fault recovery.
It is worth noting that, if Wind turbines are in failover procedure, in such a way that segmentation multi slope restores, into
The active recovery slope correction of row single machine only needs to increase the interval number of piecewise function.The equivalence method is in wind farm wind velocity number
When according to variation, the structure of Equivalent Model is had no need to change, principle is simple, and calculation amount is small, and precision is high.
Step 4 builds the detailed Transient simulation model with 18 Wind turbines (3 rows 6 row) wind power plant, such as Fig. 9 institutes
Show, the reference numeral 1-1 in Fig. 9 indicates that power grid, reference numeral 2-1 indicate that No.1 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-2 indicate two
Number 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-2 indicate that No.1 30km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-3 indicate malfunctioning module, reference numeral 2-
4 indicate that 110kv/35kv 300MVA transformers, reference numeral 1-14 indicate that measurement point, reference numeral 2-5 indicate wind power plant (3 rows
6 row)；Wind turbines equivalence all in wind power plant is one and waits check-ins (including 1 wind energy conversion system and 1 generator), it is equivalent
Each parameter of Wind turbines is calculated according to capacity weighting method, and the parameter of equivalence collection electric network is according to current collection network power before and after equivalence
Equal principle is lost to calculate, the single machine Equivalent Model before being corrected, as shown in Figure 10, Tu10Zhong, reference numeral 1-1 indicate
Power grid, reference numeral 2-1 indicate that No.1 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-2 indicate No. two 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-2
Indicate that No.1 30km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-3 indicate that malfunctioning module, reference numeral 2-4 indicate that 110kv/35kv 300MVA become
Depressor, reference numeral 1-14 indicate that measurement point, reference numeral 3-1 indicate current collection Equivalent Network impedance, reference numeral 3-2 expressions etc.
It is worth transformer, reference numeral 3-3 indicates the single machine equivalence Wind turbines before correction；The basis of single machine Equivalent Model before correction
On, restore original turn of the correction function insertion of slope according to wind power plant single machine Equivalent Model grid entry point active power according to step 3
The active regeneration rate limitation module in the active channel of sub- side converter can be obtained the single machine Equivalent Model after correction, such as Figure 11
Shown, Tu11Zhong, reference numeral 1-1 indicate that power grid, reference numeral 2-1 indicate that No.1 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-2 indicate
No. two 15km power transmission lines, reference numeral 1-2 indicate that No.1 30km power transmission lines, reference numeral 2-3 indicate malfunctioning module, reference numeral
2-4 indicates that 110kv/35kv 300MVA transformers, reference numeral 1-14 indicate that measurement point, reference numeral 3-1 indicate collection electric network
Equivalent impedance, reference numeral 3-2 indicate that equivalent transformer, reference numeral 4-1 indicate the single machine equivalence Wind turbines after correction；
In step 5, according to the actual wind speed data of wind power plant as shown in Figure 7, respectively to the detailed transient state mould of wind power plant
Single machine Equivalent Model after single machine Equivalent Model, correction before type, correction carries out different air speed datas, different faults point position
Three phase short circuit fault emulates, and simulation parameter is same as above.It is shown by taking the 6th group of air speed data and the 30th group of air speed data as an example, three
Three phase short circuit fault active power, the transient response curve difference of reactive power, voltage, electric current occur at grid entry point for kind model
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
By Figure 12 and Figure 13 it is found that conventional individual etc. can be significantly improved using the single machine equivalence method after present invention correction
It is worth the equivalent precision of model, wind power plant exit active power, reactive power, the tracking effect of voltage and current are preferable.Cause
This, has good adaptability based on the active single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction to air speed data.
To verify the single machine equivalence method after this correction to the adaptability of position of failure point, fault point is then moved into double back
The midpoint of one loop line of supply line has re-started simulation calculation to above 30 groups of air speed datas.Still choose the 6th group and the 30th
The simulation result of group is shown, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 respectively.
By Figure 14 and Figure 15 it is found that fault point to be moved to the midpoint of one loop line of double circuit feeding circuit after, using the present invention
Single machine equivalence method after correction can still significantly improve the equivalent precision of conventional individual Equivalent Model, and wind power plant exit is active
Power, reactive power, the tracking effect of voltage and current are preferable.Therefore, equivalent based on the active single machine for restoring slope correction
Method has good adaptability to position of failure point.
To sum up, the results showed that, conventional individual can be obviously improved based on the active single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction
The structure of the accuracy of Equivalent Model, Equivalent Model does not change with the variation of wind power plant operating point, and principle is simple, physical meaning
It is clear, good adaptability is all had to air speed data and position of failure point, solving conventional individual equivalence method can not take into account
The problem of calculation amount and equivalent precision.
Claims (3)
1. based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：
Step 1: according to practical low-voltage ride-through testing system of wind generating set, the low electricity of the detailed transient Model of Wind turbines is built
More test emulation system is pressed to wear, under small-power output and two kinds of operating modes of high-power output, to the Wind turbines outlet transformer
Medium voltage side carry out three phase short circuit fault emulation, the Voltage Drop number of detailed transient Model is set according to field experiment test case
Value, finally compares emulation data and field experiment test data that fan outlet side measures, if between the two total
Weighted average absolute error meets the requirement of Wind turbines electrical simulation modeling directive/guide, thens follow the steps two；
Step 2: according to the low voltage crossing test emulation system for the detailed transient Model of Wind turbines that step 1 is built, carry out
The single machine emulation experiment of Wind turbines is obtained from incision wind speed when 0.1m/s is to cut-out wind speed, Wind turbines under each wind speed
When three-phase shortcircuit earth fault occurring at grid entry point, the active power response curve measured at grid entry point is obtained according to the curve
The Wind turbines of different wind speed must be worked in, when the active power after fault clearance at grid entry point is restored to initial steady state operating point
Slope；
Step 3: according in the detailed transient Model of the Wind turbines obtained in step 2, under each wind speed of Wind turbines, at grid entry point
The recovery slope of active power, in conjunction with formula：
Single machine Equivalent Model is corresponded in failover procedure to obtain the wind power plant with n platform Wind turbines, at grid entry point
The slope correction function of active power,
WhenWhen, the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope nk, numerical value etc.
InWhenWhen, wherein
M=1~(n-1), the active power p at grid entry pointpcc(t) restore according to slope (n-m) k, numerical value is equal toWhenWhen, the wattful power at grid entry point
Rate ppcc(t) it is equal to the steady-state value before failure, numerical value is equal to
In formula, t is currently running moment, ppcc(t) it is the grid entry point of the detailed Transient simulation model of wind power plant at current time
Active power, while being also the object function of the grid entry point active power of wind power plant single machine Equivalent Model after correcting, t0Moment event
Barrier occurs, t0+t2Moment fault clearance, m are positive integer, pi(t0+t2), i=1~n is i-th Wind turbines in t0+t2Have
Work(power, ploss(t) be current time system total losses, k be Wind turbines after fault clearance, active power restore
Slope, Pi, i=1~n is the stable state active power of i-th Wind turbines；
Step 4: build the detailed Transient simulation model with n platform constant frequency wind generator group wind power stations, and by wind-powered electricity generation all in wind power plant
Unit equivalence is one and waits check-ins, calculates the equivalent parameters of equivalent unit and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter, is corrected
Preceding single machine Equivalent Model；On the basis of single machine Equivalent Model before correction, correction function is embedded according to step 3 equivalent
The active channel of Wind turbines controller corrected after single machine Equivalent Model, to realize be based on active recovery slope correction
Wind power plant single machine equivalence method.
2. according to claim 1 based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, which is characterized in that
It is further comprising the steps of：
Step 5: respectively to the single machine Equivalent Model before the detailed transient Model of wind power plant, correction, the single machine equivalence mould after correction
Type carries out different air speed datas, and the three phase short circuit fault emulation of different faults point position, compare three kinds of models has at grid entry point
The transient response curve of work(power, reactive power, voltage, electric current, analysis verification propose based on active recovery slope correction list
The accuracy of machine equivalence method.
3. according to claim 1 based on the active wind power plant single machine equivalence method for restoring slope correction, which is characterized in that
In step 1, transient state simulation data and field experiment test data are compared, absolutely missed according to each period weighted average
Poor FiiCalculation formula：
Total weighted average absolute error F values are obtained,
In formula, A1, B1, B2, C1, the C2 expression periods, XM(i) and Xs(I) it is respectively i-th point of measured value and simulation value；
Kend, KstartFor the start sequence number of each time hop counts evidence, F be voltage, electric current, active power or reactive power it is total weighting it is flat
Equal absolute error,
Compared with total weighted average absolute error F values are modeled the requirement of directive/guide with Wind turbines electrical simulation, wind is built in determination
The detailed transient Model of motor group is consistent with the dynamic characteristic of actually measured Wind turbines.
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