CN116143486B - Aerogel thermal insulation gypsum material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerogel thermal insulation gypsum material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116143486B CN116143486B CN202310403625.1A CN202310403625A CN116143486B CN 116143486 B CN116143486 B CN 116143486B CN 202310403625 A CN202310403625 A CN 202310403625A CN 116143486 B CN116143486 B CN 116143486B
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Abstract
The application discloses thermal insulation gypsum and a preparation method and application thereof. The thermal insulation gypsum comprises aerogel and gypsum; the aerogel includes a hydrophilically modified aerogel and a hydrophobic aerogel. After the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are added, the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are easier to mix with gypsum slurry, and compared with untreated hydrophobic aerogel particles, the hydrophilic aerogel particles have better heat preservation performance. Meanwhile, a vacuum mixing mode is adopted in the preparation process, so that the problem that the aerogel splashes and is difficult to mix is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of heat preservation and heat insulation of buildings, and relates to an aerogel heat preservation gypsum material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous development of economy and construction technology, the demand of people for environment-friendly and energy-saving environment-friendly buildings is continuously increased, and the building heat-insulating material belongs to one of main research directions of building energy conservation. Gypsum is a common building thermal insulation material and has the advantages of simple processing technology, low cost and the like. Optimizing the thermal insulation performance of gypsum meets the current demand of green sustainable development.
Aerogel is a lightweight solid material with three-dimensional network structure, skeleton and holes are all nano-scale. The heat insulation material has the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, small density, extremely low heat conductivity coefficient and the like, and can improve the performance of the traditional heat insulation material.
However, after the conventional aerogel is compounded with gypsum, the mechanical properties of the gypsum compounded with the aerogel, such as compressive strength, are reduced due to the hydrophobic property of the conventional aerogel. Meanwhile, due to the hydrophobic property of the aerogel, the mixing is not uniform, and the defect of poor mechanical properties of gypsum is also caused. There is a need to develop an aerogel formulation to achieve efficient addition of aerogel to gypsum in order to obtain an aerogel gypsum that has excellent thermal insulation and strength properties.
In order to solve the problem that aerogel powder and gypsum are not easy to mix, the currently mainly applied methods comprise the steps of increasing the stirring time length, changing the mixing proportion and the like, but the existing methods can only improve the mixing condition of aerogel powder in gypsum slurry, and can not effectively realize uniform mixing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
a thermal insulation gypsum comprising aerogel and gypsum; the aerogel is uniformly dispersed in the gypsum; the aerogel includes a hydrophilically modified aerogel and a hydrophobic aerogel.
The inventors found that when the hydrophilic modified aerogel is used alone as a modified material of thermal insulation gypsum, although the problem of mixing uniformity of the aerogel with gypsum can be effectively improved, the introduction of the hydrophilic modified aerogel causes a significant decrease in the strength of the gypsum; when the powder obtained by mixing the hydrophobic aerogel and the hydrophilic modified aerogel is used as an additive of the gypsum, the dispersibility of the gypsum can be improved, a certain thickening effect is achieved, and the strength of the gypsum is effectively maintained or even improved; it is based on such findings that the present application has been proposed.
According to an embodiment of the application, the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 100 (0-100) and the content of the hydrophobic aerogel is not 0, preferably 100 (20-50), for example 100:5, 100:10, 100:20, 100:30, 100:40, 100:60, 100:70, 100:80, 100:90. It was found that when the mass ratio of the hydrophobic aerogel to the hydrophilically modified aerogel is in the above range, not only the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation gypsum can be ensured, but also the mechanical strength of the thermal insulation gypsum can be maintained.
According to an embodiment of the application, the particle size of the aerogel particles in the thermal gypsum is from 1nm to 50nm, preferably from 20nm to 50nm, for example 1nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40mm or 50nm.
According to an embodiment of the application, the mass ratio of aerogel to gypsum in the modified gypsum is (0-30): 100 and the content of aerogel is not 0, for example, 5:100, 10:100, 15:100, 20:100, 25:100, 30:100.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the hydrophilically modified aerogel is a hydrophilically modified aerogel particle.
According to an embodiment of the application, the hydrophilically modified aerogel has a contact angle with water of less than 90 °. Preferably, the surface of the hydrophilically modified aerogel contains hydrophilic groups selected from those known in the art, such as hydroxyl groups (-OH).
According to an embodiment of the application, the hydrophobic aerogel has a contact angle with water of greater than 90 °. Preferably, the surface of the hydrophobic aerogel contains hydrophobic groups selected from groups known in the art, such as alkoxy groups (-OR, R representing alkyl).
According to an embodiment of the application, the raw material of gypsum comprises a gypsum matrix.
According to an embodiment of the application, the gypsum matrix is selected from the group consisting of plaster of paris (hemihydrate gypsum) powder. Preferably, the plaster of paris has a purity of greater than 90% by weight, for example 98% by weight.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the plaster of paris has a relatively high fineness, for example, 100 to 120 mesh.
According to an embodiment of the application, the gypsum raw material further comprises a dispersing agent. The research shows that the fluidity of the product during molding and processing can be improved by introducing the dispersing agent; the performance of the product is not affected, and the product is nontoxic and has proper price.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the dispersant is at least one selected from polyoxyethylene dioleate, tetraethylene glycol monostearate, tetraethylene glycol monooleate, polyoxypropylene mannitol dioleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin oleic acid derivative, polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative, polyoxypropylene stearate, polyoxyethylene (5 EO) lanolin alcohol ether, sorbitan laurate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene oleate, triethylhexyl phosphoric acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methylpentanol, cellulose derivative, polyacrylamide, guar gum, fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester and the like, preferably polyoxypropylene stearate and/or polyoxyethylene dioleate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the dispersant is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, for example, 0.1 part by mass, 0.5 part by mass, 1 part by mass, 2 parts by mass, 3 parts by mass, 4 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the gypsum may further include an auxiliary material in the raw material.
According to an embodiment of the application, the auxiliary material is selected from at least one of air entraining agent, vitrified microbead, water, reinforcing agent, reinforcing fiber and retarder.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the air entraining agent is 0.1 to 1 part by mass, for example, 0.1 part by mass or 0.5 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix in the raw material of the gypsum. The inventor finds that the air entraining agent is added into the raw materials of the gypsum and is uniformly stirred so as to improve the fluidity and cohesiveness of the gypsum.
According to an embodiment of the application, the air-entraining agent may be selected from air-entraining agents known in the art, for example from rosin-based air-entraining agents, alkylbenzene sulfonate-based air-entraining agents, fatty alcohol sulfonate-based air-entraining agents.
Specifically, the air entraining agent can be at least one selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium abietate, triterpenoid saponin and sodium a-alkenyl sulfonate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the raw material of the gypsum is 5 to 40 parts by mass, for example, 10 parts by mass, 20 parts by mass, 30 parts by mass, 40 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the vitrified microbead may be selected from materials known in the art, and is not particularly limited in the present application.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the raw material of the gypsum is 100 to 120 parts by mass of water per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix, for example, 105 parts by mass, 110 parts by mass, 115 parts by mass, 120 parts by mass.
According to an embodiment of the application, the reinforcing fibers are selected from inorganic and organic fibers, such as polyester fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers, etc. Preferably, the reinforcing fibers should be short fibers, in particular fibers having a length of 3mm to 60mm, for example 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the reinforcing fiber is 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, for example, 0.6 parts by mass, 0.7 parts by mass, 0.8 parts by mass, 0.9 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix in the raw material of the gypsum. In the application, the reinforced fiber is used as a framework filling material to increase the strength of the thermal insulation gypsum.
According to an embodiment of the application, the retarder is selected from the group consisting of organic acids and their soluble salts, alkaline phosphates, and proteinaceous retarders. Illustratively, the retarder is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, potassium tartrate, acrylic acid and sodium acrylate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, borax, sodium borate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium gluconate, preferably citric acid, tartaric acid, sodium gluconate. In the application, the retarder can prolong the stirring time, improve the proportion of paste and water and improve the strength of the finished product.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the retarder is 0.01 to 0.5 parts by mass, for example, 0.05 parts by mass, 0.1 parts by mass, 0.2 parts by mass, 0.3 parts by mass, 0.4 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the gypsum matrix, in the raw materials of the gypsum.
According to an embodiment of the application, the thermal conductivity of the thermal gypsum is not higher than 0.25 w/(m.k), for example 0.2 w/(m.k), 0.1 w/(m.k), 0.07 w/(m.k), 0.05 w/(m.k).
According to the embodiment of the application, the compressive strength of the thermal insulation gypsum is 1-10 MPa, for example, 2 MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa and 9 MPa.
The application provides a preparation method of thermal insulation gypsum, which comprises the following steps: mixing aerogel, gypsum raw materials and auxiliary materials under the condition of vacuum stirring, and then adding an air entraining agent under the condition of normal pressure to uniformly mix to obtain the thermal insulation gypsum.
The inventors have found that while vacuum agitation can reduce the problem of aerogel splattering, vacuum agitation causes the problem of reduced effectiveness of the air entraining agent. Therefore, the application firstly carries out vacuum stirring, then adds the air entraining agent under normal pressure and carries out stirring, thereby achieving better mixing effect and simultaneously fully playing the function of the air entraining agent, and preparing the gypsum with obviously improved heat preservation effect and strength.
The application further provides a preparation method of the thermal insulation gypsum, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the hydrophilic modified aerogel and the hydrophobic aerogel, and then mixing with the raw materials of the gypsum to obtain the thermal insulation gypsum.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the preparation method specifically includes:
a: mixing the hydrophilic modified aerogel and the hydrophobic aerogel in proportion to obtain aerogel;
b: mixing the aerogel obtained in the step A with the raw materials of gypsum;
c: stirring the gypsum mixed with the aerogel in vacuum;
d: adding an air entraining agent into the mixture of the aerogel and the gypsum after vacuum stirring, and stirring at normal pressure;
e: curing and curing the stirred mixture.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the conditions of vacuum agitation specifically include: stirring under the condition that the absolute pressure is less than 1 KPa; stirring for no longer than 5min; the stirring temperature is 8-10 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the application, the aerogel is added by adding the aerogel to the raw material of gypsum. Preferably, the aerogel can be added in multiple portions, thereby reducing the time of vacuum agitation. The number of additions can be selected according to the actual situation, for example, 2-10 additions are divided.
According to an embodiment of the application, in step a, the method for preparing the hydrophilically modified aerogel is as follows: taking hydrophobic aerogel, and treating the hydrophobic aerogel for 1-10 minutes at a high temperature of 200-350 ℃ to obtain hydrophilic modified aerogel; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
impregnating with a hydrophilizing agent to obtain the hydrophilically modified aerogel.
According to an embodiment of the application, the hydrophilic agent is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, low surface tension solvents or silicones.
Preferably, the surfactant is selected from one or more of anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, nonionic surfactant. Further, the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol phosphate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, glycerin fatty acid ester sulfate, sulfated ricinoleate, naphthenate sulfate, fatty amide alkyl sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate. Further, the cationic surfactant is selected from aliphatic ammonium salts. Further, the amphoteric surfactant is selected from one or more of alkyl amino acid, carboxylic acid betaine, sulfobetaine, phosphate betaine and alkyl hydroxyl amine oxide. Further, the nonionic surfactant is one or more selected from aliphatic polyesters, alkylphenol ethoxylates, higher fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylates, ethylene oxide adducts of polypropylene glycol, sorbitan esters, sucrose fatty acid esters and alkyl ester amides.
Preferably, the low surface tension solvent is selected from one or more of acetone, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-heptane, ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, propylene glycol, glycerol.
Preferably, the organosilicon is selected from silane coupling agents such as ethyl orthosilicate, vinyl silane, amino silane, methacryloxy silane, isobutyl triethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, triethoxy silane, and may specifically be KH-550, KH-560.
According to an embodiment of the application, in step B, the raw material of gypsum has the meaning as described above.
According to an embodiment of the application, in step C, the stirring means: at 5-20deg.C, preferably 8-10deg.C.
According to an embodiment of the application, in step C, the stirring is followed by hardening and/or drying. Preferably, the hardening conditions are: the temperature is 40 ℃, the humidity is not more than 70 percent, and the hardening time is 48-72 hours. Preferably, the drying may be performed by a method known in the art, and the present application is not particularly limited.
According to an embodiment of the application, the aerogel is selected from hydrophilically modified aerogels and/or hydrophobic aerogels.
It was found that when hydrophilic modified aerogel was added, it was more easily mixed with gypsum slurry and, in addition, the heat retaining properties of the hydrophilic modified aerogel were better than untreated hydrophobic aerogel.
Researches show that if only the hydrophilic modified aerogel is added into the gypsum, the problem of reduced gypsum strength is brought, and if the hydrophobic aerogel is also introduced while the hydrophilic modified aerogel is added, the strength is kept not reduced on the premise of keeping the heat preservation performance, namely the added aerogel is mixed, so that the gypsum has better heat preservation performance improvement and the strength of the gypsum is not greatly reduced; and after the hydrophobic powder is added as an additive, the dispersibility of the gypsum slurry can be improved.
The application further provides application of the thermal insulation gypsum, which is used in the fields of heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention, heat preservation and the like, and is preferably used for heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention and heat preservation of buildings.
Illustratively, the thermal insulation gypsum is coated on the bottom layers of concrete wall surfaces, building ceilings, masonry wall surfaces and gypsum boards.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. after the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are added, the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are easier to mix with gypsum slurry, and compared with untreated hydrophobic aerogel particles, the hydrophilic aerogel particles have better heat preservation performance.
2. In order to solve the problem that the gypsum strength is reduced due to the addition of hydrophilic aerogel particles, hydrophobic aerogel is introduced in the application, and the strength is not reduced on the premise of keeping the heat preservation performance, namely, the added aerogel is mixed, so that the gypsum has better heat preservation performance, and the strength of the gypsum is not reduced much, especially the compressive strength; and after the hydrophobic powder is added as an additive, the dispersibility of the gypsum slurry can be improved by improving.
3. According to the application, after the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are added, the problem of dust flying in the mixing process of aerogel powder and gypsum is effectively solved.
4. The hydrophilic modified aerogel particles are easier to mix with gypsum, and compared with the traditional mixing process, the hydrophilic modified aerogel particles shorten the stirring time and simplify the mixing processing process.
5. In the preparation method, vacuum stirring is firstly carried out, then the air entraining agent is added for stirring under the normal pressure condition, and the problem of the prior art that the effect of the air entraining agent is reduced due to the introduction of vacuum stirring is effectively solved. The method can achieve better mixing effect and simultaneously can fully play the function of the air entraining agent, and the gypsum with obviously improved heat preservation effect and strength is prepared.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for preparing aerogel insulation gypsum according to the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for preparing aerogel insulation gypsum according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. All techniques implemented based on the above description of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials and reagents used in the following examples were either commercially available or may be prepared by known methods.
The reagents used in the following examples were as follows:
gypsum: the plaster is commercially available, caSO 4 ·2H 2 The content (purity) of O is more than 90%, preferably 98% or more.
The reinforcing fiber comprises: from at least one of glass fibers, polypropylene fibers and polyester fibers. The reinforcing fiber can improve the cracking resistance of the thermal insulation gypsum and increase the tensile strength.
Vitrified microbeads: the grain size is 100-300 μm.
Hydrophobic aerogel: the trade name of RZF500 or RZF1000 is available from the well-known and wet-laid science and technology Co.
Dispersing agent: polyoxyethylene oleate, polyethylene glycol, chemical industry.
Preparation example 1
Preparing hydrophilic modified aerogel:
hydrophilic modification method 1: and (3) taking the hydrophobic aerogel (the brand RZF500 or RZF1000 of the well-known and scientific and technical Co., ltd.) and treating for 1-10 minutes at the high temperature of 200-350 ℃ to obtain the hydrophilic modified aerogel.
Preparation example 2
Preparing hydrophilic modified aerogel:
hydrophilic modification method 2: taking the hydrophobic aerogel (brand RZF500 or RZF1000 of the well-known and wet-laid science and technology Co., ltd.), soaking with ethanol, and drying to obtain hydrophilic modified aerogel; can be naturally dried or heated and dried. The conditions of heating and drying are as follows: and (3) treating for 1-10 minutes at the high temperature of 90-110 ℃.
The performance of the hydrophilically modified aerogel prepared in preparation example 2 is basically equivalent to that of preparation example 1, and both hydrophilically modifying methods can achieve the effect of hydrophilically modifying.
Example 1.
The preparation method of the thermal insulation gypsum comprises the following steps:
A. preparing mixed aerogel: mixing the hydrophilic modified aerogel and the hydrophobic modified aerogel in proportion to obtain aerogel; wherein the mixed aerogel comprises the hydrophilic modified aerogel of preparation example 1 and the commercially available hydrophobic aerogel, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the commercially available hydrophobic aerogel is 1:1;
B. b, uniformly premixing the aerogel obtained in the step A with calcined gypsum powder, water, auxiliary materials and aerogel, and stirring in a stirrer to obtain gypsum slurry; the specific preparation method is as follows (the following parts are all referred to as mass parts):
1) Pretreatment of gypsum powder: sieving commercial gypsum powder, and sieving the commercial gypsum powder by a 100-150 mesh screen to obtain gypsum powder with the particle size of 100-120 meshes;
2) Mixing dry powder raw materials: uniformly mixing 100 parts of the plaster of paris in the step 1), 5 parts of mixed aerogel (containing 2.5 parts of hydrophilic modified aerogel) and auxiliary materials at the temperature of 2-8 ℃ to obtain a dry powder mixture, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise: uniformly mixing 0.2 part of retarder citric acid, 1 part of dispersing agent, 10 parts of vitrified micro bubbles and 1 part of reinforced fiber glass fiber;
3) Stirring in vacuum: adding 100-120 parts of water into the dry powder mixed material in the step 2), vacuumizing to absolute pressure less than 1KPa at the water temperature of 8-10 ℃, and stirring in vacuum for 2 minutes under the condition of maintaining vacuum to obtain slurry A;
4) Stirring at normal pressure: adding 0.2 part of air entraining agent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the slurry A obtained in the step 3), and stirring again at normal pressure (namely, stirring environment is normal pressure), wherein stirring time is 3 minutes, so as to obtain slurry B;
c: pouring the slurry B on a die or coating the slurry B on the surface of a target matrix, and hardening and curing the slurry B, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
1) And (3) natural maintenance: pouring the slurry B in a mould or coating the slurry B on a substrate, and then placing the substrate in a normal temperature environment for 12-36 hours;
2) And (3) reinforcing maintenance: and (3) carrying out reinforced curing on the naturally cured mould containing the slurry B or the matrix coated with the slurry B, wherein the environment temperature of the reinforced curing is 40 ℃, the humidity is not more than 70%, and the curing time is 48-72 h, so that the thermal insulation gypsum is obtained.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 7.36MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.160W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 1-1
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and is different in that in step 2), the mixed aerogel is 5 parts, and the added amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 3.33 parts, that is, the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 2:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 7.40MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.157W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and is different in that in step 2), the mixed aerogel is 10 parts, wherein the added amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 5 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 1:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 6.19MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.111W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 2-1
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, and is different in that in the step 2), the mixed aerogel is 10 parts, wherein the addition amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 6.67 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 2:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 5.97MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.109W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and is different in that in step 2), the mixed aerogel is 20 parts, wherein the addition amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 10 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 1:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 2.76MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.091W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 3-1
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 3, and is different in that in step 2), the mixed aerogel is 20 parts, wherein the added amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 13.33 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 2:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 2.45MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.082W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 4
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different in that 15 parts of the mixed aerogel are adopted in the step 2), wherein the addition amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 7.5 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 1:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 4.14MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.098W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 4-1
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 4, except that 15 parts of the mixed aerogel is used in the step 2), wherein the addition amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 10 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 2:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 3.64MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.089W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 5
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different in that in the step 2), the mixed aerogel is 25 parts, wherein the addition amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 12.5 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 1:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 1.93MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.085W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 5-1
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 5, except that in step 2), the mixed aerogel is 25 parts, wherein the added amount of the hydrophilic modified aerogel is 16.7 parts, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel is 2:1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 1.71MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.077W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 6
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of this example is basically the same as that of example 1, except that only the hydrophilically modified aerogel of preparation example 1 is used in step a;
in step B, step 2) used was the hydrophilically modified aerogel of preparation example 1.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 7.18MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.154W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Example 7
The preparation method of the insulation gypsum of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that only commercially available hydrophobic aerogel is adopted in the step A;
in step B, step 2) is carried out using a commercially available hydrophobic aerogel.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this example has a compressive strength of 7.84MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.171W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is basically the same as example 2, except that:
and 3) adding 0.2 part of air entraining agent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the step 3), directly stirring at normal pressure for 5 minutes without vacuumizing operation, and directly obtaining the slurry B.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this comparative example has a compressive strength of 5.63MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.118W/(mK), and is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is basically the same as example 2-1, except that:
and 3) adding 0.2 part of air entraining agent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the step 3), directly stirring at normal pressure for 5 minutes without vacuumizing operation, and directly obtaining the slurry B.
As is evident from the test, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation gypsum of this comparative example was 0.116W/(mK) at a compressive strength of 5.43MPa, and is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 2, except that only the hydrophilically modified aerogel is used in step 2), which is added in an amount of 10 parts.
And 3) adding 0.2 part of air entraining agent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the step 3), directly stirring at normal pressure for 5 minutes without vacuumizing operation, and directly obtaining the slurry B.
As is evident from the test, the thermal insulation gypsum of this comparative example has a compressive strength of 5.23MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.111W/(m.K), and is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4.
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 2, except that only hydrophobic aerogel is used in step 2), which is added in an amount of 10 parts.
And 3) adding 0.2 part of air entraining agent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the step 3), directly stirring at normal pressure for 5 minutes without vacuumizing operation, and directly obtaining the slurry B.
As is evident from the test, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation gypsum of this comparative example was 0.130W/(mK) at a compressive strength of 6.16MPa, and the thermal strength is recorded in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The above description of exemplary embodiments of the application has been provided. However, the scope of the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, or the like, which are within the spirit and principles of the present application, should be made by those skilled in the art, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal insulation gypsum comprising aerogel and gypsum; characterized in that the aerogel is uniformly dispersed in the gypsum; the aerogel comprises a hydrophilic modified aerogel and a hydrophobic aerogel, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified aerogel to the hydrophobic aerogel in the aerogel is 100 (50-100); in the thermal insulation gypsum, the mass ratio of the aerogel to the gypsum is (5-25) to 100.
2. The insulation gypsum according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the insulation gypsum is not higher than 0.25 w/(m.k);
and/or the compressive strength of the thermal insulation gypsum is 1-10 MPa.
3. The insulation gypsum according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the hydrophilically modified aerogel is a hydrophilically modified aerogel particle having a particle size of 20nm to 50nm.
4. A thermal gypsum according to claim 3, wherein the raw material of the gypsum comprises a gypsum matrix.
5. The insulation gypsum according to claim 4, wherein the gypsum further comprises a dispersant.
6. The insulation gypsum according to claim 5, wherein the raw materials of the gypsum further comprise auxiliary materials; the auxiliary material is at least one selected from air entraining agent, vitrified micro bubble, water, reinforcing agent, reinforcing fiber and retarder.
7. The method for preparing the thermal insulation gypsum according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: and mixing the hydrophilic modified aerogel and the hydrophobic aerogel, and then mixing with the raw materials of the gypsum to obtain the thermal insulation gypsum.
8. The method for preparing insulation gypsum according to claim 7, wherein the mixing mode is first vacuum stirring, then adding the air entraining agent after vacuum mixing, and then stirring at normal pressure.
9. The method for preparing insulation gypsum according to claim 8, wherein the absolute pressure of vacuum agitation is less than 1KPa.
10. The method for preparing insulation gypsum according to claim 9, wherein the method for preparing the hydrophilically modified aerogel comprises: heating hydrophobic aerogel for 1-10 minutes at 200-350 ℃ to obtain hydrophilic modified aerogel; or, impregnating with a hydrophilic agent to obtain the hydrophilically modified aerogel.
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