CN114276096A - Dry mixing material for square-material type inorganic artificial stone, inorganic artificial stone and preparation method - Google Patents
Dry mixing material for square-material type inorganic artificial stone, inorganic artificial stone and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine powder Natural products NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of inorganic artificial stones, and particularly discloses a dry mixing material for square-material type inorganic artificial stones, the inorganic artificial stones and a preparation method. The dry mixing material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of inorganic composite cementing material, 10-40% of superfine active mineral powder, 30-60% of aggregate, 0.5-2% of powder water reducing agent and 0-1% of pigment; wherein the inorganic composite cementing material comprises 70-80 wt% of Portland cement and 20-30 wt% of high belite cement, the strength grade of the Portland cement is more than 42.5 grade, and the beta-C of the high belite cement2The S content is more than 60 percent; the inorganic artificial stone is prepared by adding water into the dry mixing material. The dry mixing material has the advantages that the heat release is gentle in the hydration process, the total amount of released hydration heat is low, the internal thermal stress of the inorganic artificial stone is reduced, the early strength is obviously high, and the prepared inorganic artificial stone is excellent in crack resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of inorganic artificial stones, in particular to a dry mixing material for square inorganic artificial stones, an inorganic artificial stone and a preparation method.
Background
With the decreasing of natural stone resources and the consideration of environmental protection, various artificial stones gradually occupy the market, and gradually replace natural stones to become mainstream products of decorative stones in the future. The artificial stone is mainly divided into two categories of organic artificial stone and inorganic artificial stone, the organic artificial stone has good decorative effect, but is not aging-resistant and easy to warp and deform, and can only be used for indoor decoration, and harmful gas is released in the production process, so the market share of the organic artificial stone is gradually reduced. The inorganic artificial stone has the advantages of stable performance, environmental protection, rich resources, wide application range, low production cost and the like, and the decorative effect of the inorganic artificial stone is gradually close to that of the organic artificial stone along with the continuous improvement of the preparation process and equipment, so the inorganic artificial stone is more and more popular in the market and becomes the development direction of the decorative stone industry in the future.
The forming process of inorganic artificial stone is an important process influencing the product quality and the production efficiency, and the existing forming process mainly comprises a square material method, a pressing plate method and a pouring method. The square material method forming means adding water to the materials and stirring the materials into a semi-dry mixed material, pouring the mixed material in a cuboid mould, and pressurizing and vibrating the mixed material under a large-tonnage press to form a large-block square material similar to natural stone; the pressing plate method for forming refers to pressing the materials into a sheet-shaped plate; the casting method molding is that inorganic powder cementing material, coarse and fine aggregate, additive and other materials are added with water and stirred into slurry with high flow state, and then the slurry is cast and molded in a mold.
Because the square material method has high production efficiency, a plurality of finished products can be formed by one-time press forming, and the requirement on production equipment is low, the square material method is mostly adopted for producing inorganic artificial stone in China at present. However, China has a large number of production lines for producing organic resin artificial stone materials by using a material method, and the artificial stone equipment enterprises in China also mainly adopt complete equipment for producing organic resin artificial stone materials, so that the development of new products of the complete equipment for producing inorganic artificial stone materials by using organic artificial stone equipment is not required to add new equipment and investment for the original organic artificial stone equipment enterprises, and the development of new products of the complete equipment for producing inorganic artificial stone materials for mechanical equipment enterprises requires a large amount of capital investment and a long period, which causes the current situation that China adopts organic artificial stone equipment to produce inorganic artificial stone materials.
However, inorganic artificial stone materials produced by the square material method are large in volume, and in the process of setting and hardening of the stone materials, hydration heat released by cement hydration is difficult to be conducted to the outside in the stone materials to cause internal and external temperature difference to generate thermal stress, so that the stone materials are easy to expand to generate cracks, and the mechanical properties of the stone materials are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that hydration heat generated in the condensation and hardening process of large-volume inorganic stone is difficult to release and stone expansion and cracking are easily caused, the application provides a dry-mixed material for a square inorganic artificial stone, the inorganic artificial stone and a preparation method.
In a first aspect, the application provides a dry mixing material for a square material type inorganic artificial stone, which adopts the following technical scheme: a dry mixing material for a square material type inorganic artificial stone comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the inorganic composite cementing material comprises 70-80 wt% of Portland cement and 20-30 wt% of high belite cement, the strength grade of the Portland cement is more than 42.5 grade, and the high belite cementbeta-C of special cement2The S content is more than 60 percent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the powder material formed by matching the inorganic composite cementing material and the superfine active mineral powder has the characteristics of high early strength and low hydration heat, the heat release is gentle in the hydration process, and the total amount of the released hydration heat is lower than that of ordinary portland cement, so that the accumulation of the hydration heat generated in the condensation and hardening process of the large-volume inorganic artificial stone in the inorganic artificial stone is reduced, the thermal stress in the inorganic artificial stone is relieved, and meanwhile, the early strength of the powder material formed by the inorganic composite cementing material and the superfine active mineral powder is obviously higher than that of the ordinary portland cement, the capability of the inorganic artificial stone for resisting the thermal stress can be enhanced, and the crack resistance of the inorganic artificial stone is improved; in addition, the active mineral powder can provide nucleation sites for hydration products, promote the growth and precipitation of early hydration products of cement, improve the early strength of the artificial stone matrix, and the superfine active mineral powder can be filled among pores of cementing material particles, so that the particle accumulation of the cementing material is optimized, the pore structure is improved, and a compact filling structure and fine-scale compact accumulation are formed.
Preferably, the superfine active mineral powder comprises one or more of superfine fly ash, superfine blast furnace slag, superfine metakaolin and silica fume.
By adopting the technical scheme, the selection is composed of one or more oxides of calcium, silicon and aluminum, so that the artificial stone has good hydration activity, can improve the pore structure and the interface structure in the artificial stone, and is favorable for improving the mechanical property of the artificial stone.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the ultrafine fly ash is more than or equal to 450m2Per kg, the specific surface area of the superfine blast furnace slag is more than or equal to 450m2Per kg, the granularity of the superfine metakaolin is more than or equal to 325 meshes, and the specific surface area of the silica fume is more than or equal to 450m2/kg。
Preferably, the aggregate comprises the following aggregates with different particle sizes in percentage by weight: 20-30% of 20-40 meshes, 45-55% of 40-70 meshes and 20-30% of 70-120 meshes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flexibility and the fluidity of the inorganic artificial stone material under the pressurizing condition are far poorer than those of the organic resin artificial stone material, when the inorganic artificial stone is produced by adopting organic artificial stone equipment, the inorganic artificial stone material can generate uneven displacement under the action of the upper and lower pressing plates and the side plates of the die, so that a large number of micro defects (microcracks and loose shear stress cracks) are formed inside the formed stone, the integral structure uniformity of the stone is poor, the phenomena of cracking, peeling, corner falling and the like are easy to occur in the subsequent production, transportation, cutting and polishing processes, the yield is low, the mechanical property is poor, the flexibility of the material can be improved by adopting the aggregate compounded by the continuous grain size, the material can smoothly flow in the pressurizing process, the possibility of the mechanical stress concentration condition occurring inside the material is reduced, the uniformity of the material distributed in the die and the uniformity after the pressurizing during the subsequent pressing and forming can be improved, the internal structural defect of the inorganic artificial stone after hardening and forming is eliminated, the thermal stress can be slowly released, the mechanical property and the volume stability of the artificial stone are obviously improved, and in addition, the aggregate compounded by continuous grain grades can also enable the system to be more compact after being stirred and mixed, so that the porosity of the inorganic artificial stone is reduced, and the strength of the inorganic artificial stone is favorably improved.
Preferably, the aggregate comprises 0-40 wt% of decorative aggregate and the balance of ore aggregate, the decorative aggregate comprises colored glass aggregate and/or pyroxene colored sand, the particle size of the decorative aggregate is 2-6 mm, and the decorative aggregate preferentially replaces the aggregate with the same amount of large particle size in the aggregate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the decorative aggregate is used for changing the appearance texture of the inorganic artificial stone, the colored glass and the pyroxene belong to silicates, the glossiness and the transparency are good, the decorative aggregate preferentially replaces the large-particle-size aggregate with equal quantity in the aggregate to ensure the proper proportion of the cementing material and the aggregate, specifically, the aggregate with 20-40 meshes of particle size in the aggregate is preferentially replaced, and when the adding quantity exceeds the adding quantity of the aggregate with 20-40 meshes, the aggregate with 40-70 meshes is replaced with equal quantity.
Through the experiment, the particle size of the decorative aggregate is controlled to be 2-6 mm, the decorative effect is better, when the particle size of the decorative aggregate is smaller than 2mm, the particle size of the decorative aggregate is too small, the decorative effect is difficult to present on the surface of the inorganic artificial stone, when the particle size of the decorative aggregate is larger than 6mm, the particle size difference of the decorative aggregate and the ore aggregate is too large, bubbles and gaps in a system are increased, and the mechanical property of the prepared inorganic artificial stone is reduced.
Preferably, the ore aggregate is calcium-magnesium aggregate and/or silica-alumina aggregate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium-magnesium aggregate and the silicon-aluminum aggregate have high whiteness, good transparency, stable chemical property and low cost.
Preferably, the calcium-magnesium aggregate is one or a combination of more of limestone, dolomite and marble, and the silicon-aluminum aggregate is one or a combination of more of granite, basalt, tuff and chlorite.
Preferably, the dry stirring material also comprises 2-5% of a toughening agent in percentage by weight, wherein the toughening agent comprises one or a combination of more of acrylate/styrene copolymer rubber powder (A/S), vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer rubber powder (VAC/E), vinyl acetate/acrylate/higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder (VAC/A/VeoVa), vinyl acetate homopolymerization rubber Powder (PVAC) and ethylene/vinyl chloride/vinyl laurate ternary copolymer rubber powder (E/EC/VL).
By adopting the technical scheme, the toughening agent can be dispersed around the artificial stone material particles, so that the dispersibility and the flowability of the material in the stirring process are improved, the elastic modulus of the material matrix is reduced, the brittleness is reduced, the toughness is improved, the deformability is improved, the material matrix is not easy to break in subsequent cutting, processing and transportation, a certain filling effect can be achieved, and the porosity of the artificial stone matrix is reduced.
Preferably, the powder water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid powder water reducing agent and/or a melamine powder water reducing agent.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an inorganic artificial stone, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the inorganic artificial stone is prepared from the dry-mixed material for the square-material type inorganic artificial stone in the technical scheme.
By adopting the technical scheme, the prepared inorganic artificial stone square stock has complete appearance, good internal compactness, few or no stress cracks and structural defects, good crack resistance and excellent mechanical property.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an inorganic artificial stone comprises the following steps: adding water into the dry-mixed material, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, pouring the mixture into a mold, performing vacuum pressing to obtain a rough blank, performing film covering, moisturizing and curing on the rough blank for 24-30 hours, demolding, performing steam curing for 8-10 hours, and continuing film covering, moisturizing and curing for more than 7 days to obtain the inorganic artificial stone, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the total amount of the inorganic composite cementing material and the active mineral powder in the dry-mixed material is 0.24-0.28.
The preparation process is simple, the implementation difficulty is low, the production period is short, the vacuum pressing mode is adopted for forming, the curing time of the artificial stone material is saved, the production efficiency is high, the porosity of the system can be reduced, the mechanical property of the prepared inorganic artificial stone can be improved, the film covering, moisture preservation and maintenance before demolding can promote the hydration reaction on the surface and inside of the inorganic artificial stone rough blank, so that the hydration reaction of the inorganic artificial stone rough blank is complete as much as possible and the complete and fixed structural shape is kept, the steam maintenance can accelerate the hardening process of the inorganic artificial stone, improve the early strength, reduce the damage of stone materials in the subsequent processing links, after demoulding, the coating is continuously carried out, the moisture preservation and the maintenance are carried out in order to provide sufficient moisture, prevent the drying shrinkage caused by the loss of the moisture in the stone, avoid the cracks or crazes on the surface of the stone and further promote the hydration reaction of the stone.
Preferably, in the vacuum pressing step, the vacuumizing time is 30-60 s, the absolute vacuum degree is 0.09-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 300 tons, the vibration frequency is 40-50 Hz, the pressing time is 2-3 min, in the film covering and moisture preserving curing step, the curing temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 90-95%, and in the steam curing step, the curing temperature is 60-70 ℃.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the powder material formed by matching the inorganic composite cementing material and the auxiliary cementing material, namely the superfine active mineral powder, has the characteristics of high early strength and low hydration heat, the heat release is gentle in the hydration process, and the total released hydration heat is lower than that of ordinary portland cement, so that the accumulation of the hydration heat generated in the condensation and hardening process of the large-volume inorganic artificial stone in the inorganic artificial stone is reduced, the thermal stress in the inorganic artificial stone is relieved, and meanwhile, the early strength of the powder material formed by the inorganic composite cementing material and the superfine active mineral powder is obviously higher than that of the ordinary portland cement, the capability of resisting the thermal stress of the inorganic artificial stone can be enhanced, and the crack resistance of the inorganic artificial stone is improved.
2. The aggregate of adopting continuous grain size complex formulation in this application preferentially, the pliability of inorganic artificial stone material has been increased, make material pressurized in-process can smoothly flow, the stress that produces when having avoided using organic artificial stone production facility is inhomogeneous and make the inside problem that has formed a large amount of fine defect (microcrack, loose shear stress crackle) of stone material after the shaping, the homogeneity that distributes in the mould and the structural homogeneity after the pressurized when having improved the follow-up press forming of material, eliminate the inside structural defect of inorganic artificial stone after the sclerosis shaping, but the while is the slow release thermal stress, the mechanical properties and the volume stability of artificial stone have been showing and improved, aggregate of continuous grain size complex formulation can also make the system more closely knit after the stirring mixes in addition, the porosity in the inorganic artificial stone has been reduced, be favorable to improving the intensity of inorganic artificial stone.
3. The inorganic artificial stone square stock prepared by the method has the advantages of complete appearance, good internal compactness, few or no stress cracks and structural defects, good crack resistance and excellent mechanical property.
4. This application adopts the mode of vacuum suppression to carry out the shaping of inorganic rostone, has removed the time of rostone material solidification from, and production efficiency is high, and can reduce the porosity of system, is favorable to improving the mechanical properties of the inorganic rostone who makes, and the tectorial membrane maintenance of moisturizing before the drawing of patterns can promote inorganic rostone rough blank surface and inside hydration reaction, makes inorganic rostone rough blank hydration reaction complete as far as possible and keep complete fixed structural morphology.
Detailed Description
At present, the inorganic artificial stone is produced by adopting a square method mostly in China, and because China has a large number of production lines for producing organic resin artificial stone by adopting the square method, most of the inorganic artificial stones are produced by adopting organic artificial stone equipment without additionally adding equipment and investment for original organic artificial stone enterprises due to the consideration of cost and research and development. However, inorganic artificial stone materials produced by the square material method are generally large in volume, and in the process of setting and hardening of stone materials, hydration heat released by cement hydration is difficult to be conducted to the outside in the stone materials to cause internal and external temperature difference to generate thermal stress, so that the stone materials are easy to expand to generate cracks, and the mechanical properties of the stone materials are influenced. In the research process of the applicant, the inorganic composite cementing material with high early strength and low hydration heat is tried to be matched with the active mineral powder, so that the total hydration heat released by a material system in the hydration process is reduced, the accumulation of internal hydration heat in the condensation and hardening process of the large-volume inorganic artificial stone is reduced, and the internal thermal stress of the inorganic artificial stone is lightened. The present application has been made based on the above findings.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the present application are provided with reference to tables and examples, but the present application is not limited to the scope of protection defined by the present application.
Example 1
Taking 20% of inorganic composite cementing material, 40% of superfine active mineral powder, 39.5% of aggregate and 0.5% of water reducing agent by weight percentage, and uniformly stirring in a powder stirring mixer for 2min to obtain a dry stirring material.
Wherein the inorganic composite cementing material consists of 70 percent of P.W42.5 white cement and 30 percent of beta-C2The cement consists of high belite sulphoaluminate cement with the S content of 60 percent, and the superfine active mineral powder is superfine fly ash with the specific surface area of 450m2The aggregate is 20-120 meshes of dolomite, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid powder water reducing agent.
Adding water into the dry mixed material, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, controlling the water-cement ratio (the weight ratio of water to the total amount of the inorganic composite cementing material and the active mineral powder in the dry mixed material) to be 0.24, pouring the mixture into a mold (the mold size is 3200 multiplied by 1600 multiplied by 800mm), performing vacuum pressing to obtain a rough blank, controlling the vacuumizing time to be 60s, the absolute vacuum degree to be 0.1MPa, the pressure to be 300 tons, the vibration frequency to be 50Hz and the pressing time to be 3min, covering a layer of PET film on the surface of the rough blank, then performing moisture preservation and maintenance for 24 hours, controlling the moisture preservation and maintenance temperature to be 20 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 90%, demolding after the moisture preservation and maintenance are finished, performing steam maintenance on the rough blank at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 8 hours, covering a layer of PET film on the surface of the rough blank, and performing moisture preservation and maintenance for 7 days under the conditions of the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% to obtain the inorganic artificial stone.
Example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 22% of inorganic composite gelled material, 35% of superfine active mineral powder, 41% of aggregate, 1% of water reducing agent and 1% of pigment.
Wherein the inorganic composite cementing material consists of 75 percent of P.W52.5 white cement and 25 percent of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with 60 percent of S content, the superfine active mineral powder is a mixture of superfine blast furnace slag and superfine metakaolin, and the specific surface area of the superfine blast furnace slag is 450m2The superfine metakaolin is 325 meshes, the superfine blast furnace slag accounts for 25% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the superfine metakaolin accounts for 10% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the aggregate is limestone with 20-120 meshes, the water reducing agent is a melamine powder water reducing agent, the pigment is iron red pigment, and the water-to-adhesive ratio is 0.26.
Example 3
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 25% of inorganic composite cementing material, 25% of superfine active mineral powder, 49% of aggregate and 1% of water reducing agent.
Wherein the inorganic composite cementing material consists of 80 percent of P.W52.5 white cement and 20 percent of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with 60 percent of S content, the superfine active mineral powder is a mixture of superfine blast furnace slag and superfine metakaolin, and the specific surface area of the superfine blast furnace slag is 450m2The superfine metakaolin has the mesh number of 325 meshes, the superfine blast furnace slag accounts for 20% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the superfine metakaolin accounts for 5% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the aggregate is 20-120 meshes of granite, and the water-to-glue ratio is 0.28.
Example 4
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 28 percent of inorganic composite gelled material, 20 percent of superfine active mineral powder, 50 percent of aggregate, 1.5 percent of water reducing agent and 0.5 percent of pigment.
Wherein the inorganic composite cementing material consists of 80 percent of P.W52.5 white cement and 20 percent of beta-C2The high belite sulphoaluminate cement with the S content of 60 percent, the superfine active mineral powder is a mixture of superfine blast furnace slag and silica fume, and the specific surface areas of the superfine blast furnace slag and the silica fume are both 450m2And/kg, the superfine blast furnace slag accounts for 20% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the silica fume accounts for 5% of the weight of the dry mixing material, the aggregate is 20-120 mesh basalt, and the pigment is iron oxide red pigment.
Example 5
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 30% of inorganic composite gelled material, 10% of superfine active mineral powder, 58% of aggregate and 2% of water reducing agent.
Wherein the inorganic composite cementing material consists of 80 percent of P.W52.5 white cement and 20 percent of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with 60 percent of S content, the superfine active mineral powder is a mixture of superfine blast furnace slag and superfine metakaolin, and the specific surface area of the superfine blast furnace slag is 450m2And/kg, the mesh number of the superfine metakaolin is 325 meshes, the superfine blast furnace slag accounts for 20 percent of the weight of the dry mixing material, the superfine metakaolin accounts for 5 percent of the weight of the dry mixing material, and the aggregate is 20-120 meshes of tuff.
Example 6
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 20% of inorganic composite gelled material, 40% of superfine active mineral powder, 37.5% of aggregate, 0.5% of water reducing agent and 2% of toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent is acrylate/styrene copolymerized rubber powder (A/S).
Example 7
The difference from the example 2 is that the components of the dry mixing material are as follows according to the weight percentage: 22% of inorganic composite gelled material, 35% of superfine active mineral powder, 36% of aggregate, 1% of water reducing agent, 1% of pigment and 5% of toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent is vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymerized rubber powder (VAC/E).
Example 8
The difference from the example 3 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percent are: 25% of inorganic composite gelled material, 25% of superfine active mineral powder, 46% of aggregate, 1% of water reducing agent and 3% of toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent is vinyl acetate/acrylic ester/higher fatty acid vinyl ester terpolymer rubber powder (VAC/A/VeoVa).
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 15% of inorganic composite gelled material, 20% of superfine active mineral powder, 64.5% of aggregate and 0.5% of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the components of the dry mix in weight percentage are: 35% of inorganic composite cementing material, 40% of superfine active mineral powder, 24.5% of aggregate and 0.5% of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the inorganic composite cementitious material consists of 70% of P.W32.5 white cement and 30% of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with an S content of 60%.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the inorganic composite cementitious material consists of 70% of P.W42.5 white cement and 30% of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with 50% of S content.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the inorganic composite cementitious material consists of 65% of P.W42.5 white cement and 35% of beta-C2The content of S is 60 percentThe high belite sulphoaluminate cement.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the inorganic composite cementitious material consists of 85% of P.W42.5 white cement and 15% of beta-C2High belite sulphoaluminate cement with an S content of 60%.
Table 1: component ratios and Water-to-gel ratios of the Dry mixes in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2
Performance detection test:
the following performance tests were performed on the inorganic artificial stones obtained in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 6, and specific test data are shown in table 2;
appearance: visual inspection is carried out, and no edge defect, no corner defect and no crack are qualified;
early strength: testing the compressive strength of the 3-day age by referring to GB/T35160.3-2017, wherein the qualified standard is more than or equal to 23 MPa;
compressive strength: the compressive strength of the 28-day age is tested by referring to GB/T35160.3-2017, and the qualified standard is more than or equal to 50 MPa;
breaking strength: the flexural strength of the 28-day age is tested by referring to GB/T35160.2-2017, and the qualified standard is more than or equal to 9 MPa;
wear resistance: the flexural strength of the 28-day age is tested by referring to GB/T35160.4-2017, and the qualified standard is less than or equal to 44 mm;
water absorption: the flexural strength of the product in 3-month age is tested by referring to GB/T35160.1-2017, and the qualified standard is less than or equal to 2.2%.
In the test process, the inorganic artificial stones prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 6 are found to have unqualified appearances, so the detection of the compressive strength, the breaking strength, the wear resistance and the water absorption rate is not carried out any more.
Table 2: performance test data of the inorganic artificial stones obtained in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 6
The data of the examples 1 to 5 and the data of the table 2 show that the inorganic artificial stone prepared by the dry mixing material has no edge defect, no corner defect and no crack, and has high early strength, difficult cracking and excellent performance, wherein the inorganic artificial stone prepared by the component proportion in the example 3 has better performance, the early strength can reach 53.2MPa, the compressive strength can reach 83.2MPa, the flexural strength can reach 14.5MPa, the wear resistance can reach 15.8mm, and the water absorption rate is only 1.2%. Comparing example 1 with comparative examples 1-2, it can be seen that when the inorganic composite cementing material is less than 20%, the prepared inorganic artificial stone has obvious unfilled corners and unfilled edges, which indicates that the strength can not meet the requirement, and when the inorganic composite cementing material accounts for more than 30%, the prepared inorganic artificial stone has cracks, which indicates that the hydration heat release is serious, and the cracks are caused by the internal stress of the inorganic artificial stone.
Comparing the data of example 1, comparative examples 3-4 and Table 2, the beta-C of high belite cements or Portland cements with a strength rating of less than 42.52When the S content is less than 60 percent, the prepared inorganic artificial stone has cracks, and the early strength can not meet the requirement.
Comparing the data of example 1, comparative examples 5 to 6 and table 2, when the ratio of silicate cement in the inorganic composite cement is less than 70%, the prepared inorganic artificial stone has cracks and the early strength is too low, which is only 17.4 MPa. When the ratio of the silicate cement in the inorganic composite cementing material is higher than 80 percent, the prepared inorganic artificial stone still has obvious unfilled corners and unfilled edges and poor strength.
Example 9
The difference from example 8 is that the aggregate is composed of the following continuous size fractions in weight ratio: 15% of 20-40 meshes, 50% of 40-70 meshes and 35% of 70-120 meshes.
Example 10
The difference from example 8 is that the aggregate is composed of the following continuous size fractions in weight ratio: 20% of 20-40 meshes, 55% of 40-70 meshes and 25% of 70-120 meshes.
Example 11
The difference from example 8 is that the aggregate is composed of the following continuous size fractions in weight ratio: 25% of 20-40 meshes, 50% of 40-70 meshes and 25% of 70-120 meshes.
Example 12
The difference from example 8 is that the aggregate is composed of the following continuous size fractions in weight ratio: 30% of 20-40 meshes, 40-70 meshes and 30% of 70-120 meshes.
Example 13
The difference from example 8 is that the aggregate is composed of the following continuous size fractions in weight ratio: 35% of 20-40 meshes, 45% of 40-70 meshes and 20% of 70-120 meshes.
The self-luminous cement substrates obtained in examples 9 to 13 were subjected to the performance tests, the test methods and the standards were the same as above, and the specific test data are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: data for measuring the properties of the inorganic artificial stone prepared in example 8 and examples 9 to 13
It can be seen from the data of examples 8-13 and Table 3 that the inorganic artificial stone prepared by compounding the aggregates of continuous size fraction has better early strength, compressive strength, breaking strength, wear resistance and water absorption, wherein the inorganic artificial stone prepared by the aggregate compounded in the continuous grain size in the example 11 has better performance, the early strength can reach 59.6MPa, the compressive strength can reach 93.2MPa, the flexural strength can reach 19.2MPa, the wear resistance can reach 11.2mm, the water absorption rate is only 0.7 percent, while the inorganic artificial stone prepared by continuously grading aggregates in examples 9 and 13 has a small reduction in the sizes of the inorganic artificial stones in examples 10 to 12 and a small increase in the sizes of the inorganic artificial stones in example 8, therefore, the mechanical property of the inorganic artificial stone is better improved when the adding amount of the 20-40 mesh aggregate is 20-30%, the adding amount of the 40-70 mesh aggregate is 45-55%, and the adding amount of the 70-120 mesh aggregate is 20-30%.
Example 14
The difference from example 11 is that the aggregate consists of the following components in weight ratio: 15% of black pyroxene color sand with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 10% of green glass aggregate with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 50% of granite with the diameter of 40-70 meshes and 25% of granite with the diameter of 70-120 meshes.
Example 15
The difference from example 11 is that the aggregate consists of the following components in weight ratio: 10% of black pyroxene color sand with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 10% of red pyroxene color sand with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 20% of white glass aggregate with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 35% of granite with the diameter of 40-70 meshes and 25% of granite with the diameter of 70-120 meshes.
Example 16
The difference from example 11 is that the aggregate consists of the following components in weight ratio: 15% of black pyroxene color sand with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 15% of white pyroxene color sand with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 15% of green glass aggregate with the diameter of 2-6 mm, 30% of granite with the diameter of 40-70 meshes and 25% of granite with the diameter of 70-120 meshes.
The self-luminous cement substrates prepared in examples 14 to 16 were subjected to the performance tests, the test methods and the standards were the same as above, and the specific test data are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: data for measuring the properties of the inorganic artificial stone prepared in example 11 and examples 14 to 16
It can be seen from the data of example 11, examples 14-15 and Table 4 that the use of decorative aggregate to replace a portion of the aggregate has substantially no effect on the properties of the inorganic artificial stone produced. In example 16, when the amount of the decorative aggregate added exceeds 40% of the total amount of the aggregate, the strength, abrasion resistance and water absorption of the prepared inorganic artificial stone are greatly reduced, and it is understood that the performance of the inorganic artificial stone is not affected when the amount of the decorative aggregate added is controlled to be within 40% of the total amount of the aggregate.
In conclusion, the dry mixing material has the advantages of mild hydration heat, no phenomenon of large heating in a short time, less hydration heat, excellent mechanical property, complete appearance, no phenomena of cracking, corner and edge deletion, high product percent of pass, and particularly, the inorganic artificial stone prepared by adopting the continuous grain-level compounded aggregate has better performance, the early strength can reach 59.6MPa, the compressive strength can reach 93.2MPa, the flexural strength can reach 19.2MPa, the wear resistance can reach 11.2mm, the water absorption rate is only 0.7 percent.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The dry mixing material for the square inorganic artificial stone is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
20-30% of inorganic composite cementing material
10-40% of superfine active mineral powder
30-60% of aggregate
0.5-2% of powder water reducing agent
0-1% of pigment;
the inorganic composite cementing material comprises 70-80 wt% of Portland cement and 20-30 wt% of high belite cement, the strength grade of the Portland cement is above 42.5 grade, and the beta-C of the high belite cement2The S content is more than 60 percent.
2. The dry mix for a cubic inorganic artificial stone as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ultrafine active mineral powder comprises one or more of ultrafine fly ash, ultrafine blast furnace slag, ultrafine metakaolin and silica fume.
3. A dry mix for a cubed inorganic artificial stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the aggregates comprise the following aggregates of different size fractions in percent by weight: 20-30% of 20-40 meshes, 45-55% of 40-70 meshes and 20-30% of 70-120 meshes.
4. The dry mix for a cubic inorganic artificial stone as set forth in claim 3, wherein the aggregate comprises 0 to 40% by weight of a decorative aggregate, the balance being an ore aggregate, the decorative aggregate comprising a colored glass aggregate and/or a pyroxene-type colored sand, the decorative aggregate having a particle size of 2 to 6mm, and the decorative aggregate preferentially replacing an equal amount of large-particle-size aggregate in the aggregate.
5. The dry mix for a cubic inorganic artificial stone as set forth in claim 4, wherein the ore aggregate is a calcium-magnesium aggregate and/or a silico-aluminum aggregate.
6. The dry stirring material for the square stock type inorganic artificial stone as claimed in claim 1, further comprising 2-5% of a toughening agent in percentage by weight, wherein the toughening agent comprises one or a combination of more of acrylate/styrene copolymer rubber powder (A/S), vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer rubber powder (VAC/E), vinyl acetate/acrylate/higher fatty acid vinyl ester terpolymer rubber powder (VAC/A/VeoVa), vinyl acetate homopolymer rubber Powder (PVAC), and ethylene/vinyl chloride/vinyl laurate terpolymer rubber powder (E/EC/VL).
7. The dry mix for a cubic inorganic artificial stone as set forth in claim 1, wherein the powder water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid powder water-reducing agent and/or a melamine powder water-reducing agent.
8. An inorganic artificial stone prepared from the dry-mixed material for a cubic inorganic artificial stone as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone according to claim 8, comprising the steps of: adding water into the dry-mixed material, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, pouring the mixture into a mold, performing vacuum pressing to obtain a rough blank, performing film covering, moisturizing and curing on the rough blank for 24-30 hours, demolding, performing steam curing for 8-10 hours, and continuing film covering, moisturizing and curing for more than 7 days to obtain the inorganic artificial stone, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the total amount of the inorganic composite cementing material and the active mineral powder in the dry-mixed material is 0.24-0.28.
10. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone according to claim 9, wherein in the vacuum pressing step, the evacuation time is 30 to 60 seconds, the absolute vacuum degree is 0.09 to 0.1MPa, the pressure is 300 tons, the vibration frequency is 40 to 50Hz, the pressing time is 2 to 3min, in the film covering and moisture preserving curing step, the curing temperature is 20 ± 1 ℃, the relative humidity is 90 to 95%, and in the steam curing step, the curing temperature is 60 to 70 ℃.
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