CN116084381B - Method for feeding, tamping and leveling after underwater block stone foundation bed is blasted - Google Patents
Method for feeding, tamping and leveling after underwater block stone foundation bed is blasted Download PDFInfo
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- CN116084381B CN116084381B CN202310209292.9A CN202310209292A CN116084381B CN 116084381 B CN116084381 B CN 116084381B CN 202310209292 A CN202310209292 A CN 202310209292A CN 116084381 B CN116084381 B CN 116084381B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for feeding, tamping and leveling after explosion tamping of an underwater block stone foundation bed. The underwater stone block foundation bed is 10-100kg stone blocks, a stone throwing ship is adopted for throwing after the underwater foundation bed is subjected to explosive tamping, split type throwing is adopted for throwing at the position with the local height difference larger than 1m, the throwing elevation is controlled to be not lower than a set value, then a fine digging ship is adopted for digging the high point of foundation bed throwing, the top surface of the foundation bed after throwing is wholly flat, and finally a ramming ship is adopted for flattening, so that the foundation bed meets the requirement of caisson installation. The invention adopts the process of 'supplementing and throwing-fine digging-tamping-leveling' to supplement and tamper the underwater stone foundation bed, thereby directly meeting the requirement of caisson installation. In the method, the precision digging and tamping construction are not affected by tide, the elevation error after tamping can be controlled within +/-5 cm, manual diving operation is not needed, operation can be still carried out under the condition of low water temperature in winter, the operation time can be prolonged, and the construction safety is also ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore construction, in particular to a method for supplementing materials, supplementing ramming and leveling after an underwater block stone foundation bed is subjected to ramming.
Background
After the underwater block stone foundation bed is subjected to explosive tamping, material supplementing, tamping supplementing and leveling are required, and the installation requirement of the caisson can be met. The traditional method is to construct by adopting the methods of material supplementing after ramming, mechanical ramming and manual diving leveling, the method needs manual diving operation, and the method has the defects of low construction efficiency, high potential safety hazard and the like especially for construction water areas with serious influence on the tide collection in open sea or low water temperature in winter.
The existing construction method of the stone throwing and leveling integrated ship mainly comprises the steps of discharging pipes and controlling elevation, leveling through a leveling device, enabling the stone throwing and leveling to be operated by the same ship, and enabling the overall construction efficiency to be low and the comprehensive construction efficiency to be about 30-40 square meters per hour.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and requirements in the construction and provides a method for feeding, tamping and leveling after the underwater rock block foundation bed is blasted.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purposes is as follows: a method for feeding, tamping and leveling after tamping an underwater block stone foundation bed is characterized in that: the underwater stone block foundation bed is 10-100kg stone blocks, the stone throwing ship is adopted to throw after the underwater foundation bed is subjected to explosive tamping, the split type throwing is adopted at the position with the local height difference larger than 1m, the throwing elevation is controlled to be not lower than a set value, then the fine digging ship is adopted to dig the high point of foundation bed throwing, the top surface of the foundation bed after throwing is wholly flat, and finally the tamping ship is adopted to flatten, so that the foundation bed meets the requirement of caisson installation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step: underwater topography measurement after foundation bed explosion ramming
After the underwater block stone foundation bed is completely blasted, measuring the water depth of the blasted foundation bed, and forming an average elevation before the repair and the casting according to the 5m section interval;
and a second step of: positioning and supplementing stone throwing by stone throwing ship
Aiming at the position within 1m below the set elevation, adopting a flat-plate barge and backhoe excavator to perform positioning and polishing; the water lump is required to be made frequently before and during the throwing and filling process, the elevation of the throwing stone is controlled to be not lower than the set elevation and not more than 50cm higher than the set elevation, the interval between the repairing and throwing sections is controlled to be within 2m, and the positioning accuracy error is controlled to be within +/-20 cm;
calculating the square quantity of the stone blocks to be thrown on each section according to the section data after the explosive ramming aiming at the position which is lower than the set elevation by more than 1m, and carrying out positioning by adopting a flat plate type barge according to the calculated square quantity charging by a split type barge, and throwing and filling after the split type barge is close to the flat plate type barge;
and a third step of: measurement of depth of water after polishing
After the polishing is completed, measuring the water depth of the block stone foundation bed after polishing; according to the water depth measurement result, the part with the elevation higher than the set value is processed by the fine dredger;
fourth step: fine digging treatment of high points using a fine digging vessel
Checking a GPS measuring system on the fine digging ship, guiding a water depth map measured after finishing the repair and polishing leveling into a grab bucket type fine digging ship measuring and controlling system, and establishing 5m multiplied by 2m small grids for a construction area, wherein the position of each grab corresponds to each small grid;
aiming at the high points higher than the set value, a fine digging ship is adopted to dig, the elevation deviation of the foundation bed after fine digging is within +/-30 cm, and the top surface of the foundation bed after fine digging is wholly flat;
fifth step: deep water measurement after fine digging
After the grab bucket type fine digging ship finishes fine digging, carrying out water depth retest on the underwater rock block foundation bed, carrying out tamping construction after the set elevation control requirement is met, and carrying out re-throwing or re-digging if the throwing elevation control requirement is not met;
sixth step: tamping and leveling construction is carried out on the block stone foundation bed after the fine digging
The tamping construction is carried out by a tamping boat, and the YZ230 reinforced hydraulic vibrating hammer system is arranged for operation;
firstly, checking a ship-borne GPS (Global positioning System) of the ramming vessel, a sonar elevation display system and a laser range finder, and ensuring the construction precision of the ramming vessel; according to the tamping range, tamping points are arranged, the distribution points are arranged along the direction of a side guide rail of the tamping boat, the dimension of the tamping plate is 4mx2.4m, and during tamping construction, the overlap joint amount between adjacent tamping points is 1m, so that the vibration compaction operation is ensured to cover the whole stone throwing area;
the positioning of the ramming boat is carried out through a hinged anchor, and the positioning precision error of the ramming boat is controlled within +/-10 cm; positioning the position of the vibrating hammer to a designated base point position through a winch, wherein the positioning accuracy error of the vibrating hammer trolley is controlled within +/-3 cm;
the rammer board is lowered by controlling the winch, and the lowering elevation of the rammer board is set; observing the inclination angle of the rammer displayed by a computer in the lowering process, wherein the inclination angle of the rammer is not more than 10 degrees, and fine-adjusting the position of the rammer if the inclination angle of the rammer is more than 10 degrees; when the dead weight cannot reach the control elevation in the process of lowering the rammer, starting the power cabinet, adjusting the rotating speed to perform vibration ramming construction until the set elevation is reached;
the tamping sinking rate is not lower than 10%, the tamping construction is performed on the basis that the tamping sinking rate reaches 10%, the elevation is taken as a main control target, the leveling elevation is set in the system by utilizing the depth setting function of the tamping system, the tamping hammer with the preset elevation is automatically stopped, the flatness of the foundation bed after tamping is ensured, and the leveling effect is achieved; after the previous point is rammed, the vibrating hammer is lifted by 2m, and then the vibrating hammer is positioned to the next ramming point in a winch;
when the tamping construction is performed, the exciting force is selected to be 150kN/m, and when the preset exciting force cannot be tamping to the control elevation, the tamping is performed by properly adopting a mode of increasing the exciting force so as to reach the control elevation;
seventh step: depth measurement after tamping
After the tamping construction of the tamping boat is completed, the underwater stone foundation bed is subjected to water depth measurement, and the elevation error after tamping is within +/-5 cm, so that the requirements of caisson installation construction can be met.
The invention adopts the process of 'supplementing and throwing-fine digging-tamping-leveling' to supplement and tamper the underwater stone foundation bed, thereby directly meeting the requirement of caisson installation. In the method, the precision digging and tamping construction are not affected by tide, the elevation error after tamping can be controlled within +/-5 cm, manual diving operation is not needed, operation can be still carried out under the condition of low water temperature in winter, the operation time can be prolonged, and the construction safety is also ensured.
Meanwhile, the method does not rely on the 'stone throwing and leveling integrated ship' to perform material supplementing and stone throwing, but adopts a brand new method, wherein stone throwing is performed firstly, then fine digging is performed, elevation is controlled through a fine digging ship, finally, tamping and leveling are performed through a tamping ship, different working procedures are performed on different ships, the overall construction efficiency can reach 70-80 square meters per hour, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the underwater foundation bed of the present invention after explosive ramming.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the underwater bed according to the present invention after feeding.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the underwater foundation of the present invention after fine excavation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping plane of the tamping plate of the underwater foundation bed of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tamping construction of the underwater foundation bed of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-underwater block stone foundation bed, 2-block stone foundation bed top after explosive tamping, 3-block stone foundation bed top after material supplementing, 4-block stone foundation bed top after fine digging, 5-tamping plate overlap width, 6-tamping front foundation bed top, 7-tamping back foundation bed top, 8-hydraulic vibrating hammer (comprising tamping plate), 9-guide pipe, 10-steel frame and 11-tamping vessel.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but the invention is not limited to the specific examples.
Examples
The method for feeding, tamping and leveling the underwater block stone foundation bed after the explosive tamping adopts the process of' tamping-fine digging-tamping to feed, tamper and level the underwater block stone foundation bed so as to meet the requirement of installing the caisson.
The construction conditions of the underwater rock block foundation bed involved in the embodiment are as follows: the tamping flat size of the single caisson is 20m long by 18.75m wide, the standard of the foundation stone is 10-100kg of the stone, the tamping design elevation of the underwater stone foundation bed is-14.85 m (the national 85 elevation is taken as the reference plane), and the average water depth after the tamping is-15.8 m.
The tamping compactness is not less than 10% after the polishing is considered, so that the polishing elevation is controlled to be not less than-14.7 m.
The construction quality requirement is as follows: the tamping compactness is not less than 10% after the polishing is completed, and the elevation error is within +/-5 cm after the tamping.
The method for feeding, tamping and leveling after the underwater block stone foundation bed is tamping comprises the following steps:
1. underwater topography measurement after foundation bed explosion ramming
After the underwater block stone foundation bed is completely blasted, the foundation bed after the blasting is subjected to water depth measurement, the average elevation before the repair is formed according to the 5m section spacing, the average water depth after the blasting is measured to be-15.8 m, but the flatness is poor, and the elevation range after the blasting is-16.3 m to-15.3 m (shown in figure 1).
And a second step of: positioning and supplementing stone throwing by stone throwing ship
Aiming at the position with the elevation higher than-15.85 m after the foundation bed is subjected to dynamic compaction, adopting a flat-plate barge and backhoe excavator to perform positioning and polishing. The water lump is required to be frequently thrown before and during the throwing and filling, and the elevation of the throwing stone is controlled to be not lower than-14.7 m and not higher than-14.2 m (shown in figure 2). The interval between the repair and polishing sections is controlled within 2m, and the positioning accuracy error is controlled within +/-20 cm.
And (3) aiming at the position with the elevation lower than-15.85 m after the foundation bed is subjected to the dynamic compaction, calculating the square quantity of the block stones to be thrown on each section according to the section data after the dynamic compaction, loading the split barge according to the calculated square quantity, positioning by adopting a flat-plate barge, and throwing and filling after the split barge is close to the flat-plate barge.
And a third step of: measurement of depth of water after polishing
And after the polishing is completed, measuring the water depth of the block stone foundation bed after polishing. And according to the water depth measurement result, the position higher than the elevation by-14.7 m is excavated by the fine dredger, and the water depth range after the throwing is-14.7 m to-14.2 m.
Fourth step: fine digging treatment of high points using a fine digging vessel
And checking a GPS measuring system on the fine digging ship, guiding the water depth map measured after finishing the repair and polishing leveling into a grab bucket type fine digging ship measuring and controlling system, and establishing small grids for a construction area, wherein the position of each grab corresponds to each small grid. After the fine digging ship is at the position, carrying out fine digging construction according to the established small grid of the construction area, digging out the super throwing part, and carrying out construction according to the partition and the ship ground.
And excavating by adopting a fine excavating ship for high points higher than-14.7 m, wherein the elevation deviation of the foundation bed after fine excavation is within +/-30 cm (shown in figure 3).
Fifth step: deep water measurement after fine digging
After the grab bucket type fine digging ship is subjected to fine digging, water depth retest is carried out on the underwater rock block foundation bed, the top surface of the foundation bed after fine digging is integrally flat, and the average elevation is-14.7 m.
Sixth step: tamping and leveling construction is carried out on the block stone foundation bed after the fine digging
The tamping construction is carried out by a tamping boat, and the YZ230 reinforced hydraulic vibrating hammer system is used for working. The vibrating rammer consists of a steel structure frame, a guide pipe and a hydraulic vibrating hammer (comprising a rammer plate), wherein the hydraulic vibrating hammer and the guide pipe adopt a rigid connection mode, the weight of the rammer plate is 23t, the weight of the vibrating hammer is 15t, the weight of a vibrating tube is 50t, the weight of other matched parts is 1t, the total weight is 89t, and the size of the rammer plate is 4mx.2.4m.
Firstly, checking a ship-borne GPS (Global positioning System) of the ramming vessel, a sonar elevation display system and a laser range finder, and ensuring the construction precision of the ramming vessel. And arranging the tamping points according to the tamping range, wherein the setting basis is the parking direction of the tamping boat and the dimension of the tamping plate. During the tamping construction, the overlap joint amount between adjacent tamping points is 1m (as shown in fig. 4), so as to ensure that the vibration compaction operation covers the whole stone throwing area.
And (3) positioning the ramming boat through a hinged anchor, wherein the positioning accuracy error of the ramming boat is controlled within +/-10 cm. And positioning the position of the vibrating hammer to a designated base point position through a winch, wherein the positioning accuracy error of the vibrating hammer trolley is controlled within +/-3 cm.
The rammer board is lowered by controlling the winch, and the lowering elevation of the rammer board is set to be-14.85 m. Observing the inclination angle of the rammer displayed by a computer in the lowering process, and fine-adjusting the position of the rammer if the inclination angle of the rammer is larger than 10 degrees. During the tamping construction, the rotating speed of the power cabinet is selected to be 1500r/min, and the exciting force is selected to be 150 kN/m. When the dead weight can not reach the control elevation in the process of lowering the rammer board, the rotation speed is adjusted to perform vibration ramming construction until reaching the elevation of-14.85 m (as shown in figure 5).
And on the basis that the tamping sinking rate reaches 10%, the tamping construction takes the elevation reaching-14.85 m as a main control target, and the tamping hammer is automatically stopped at a preset elevation. After the previous tamping is completed, the vibrating hammer is lifted by 2m, and then the vibrating hammer is positioned to the next tamping point in the winch.
Seventh step: depth measurement after tamping
After the tamping construction of the tamping boat is completed, measuring the water depth of the underwater stone foundation bed, wherein the elevation error after tamping is within +/-5 cm, and the requirements of the installation construction of the caisson are met.
Claims (1)
1. A method for feeding, tamping and leveling after tamping an underwater block stone foundation bed is characterized in that: the underwater stone block foundation bed is 10-100kg stone blocks, the stone throwing ship is adopted to throw after the underwater foundation bed is subjected to explosive tamping, the split type throwing is adopted at the position with the local height difference larger than 1m, the throwing elevation is controlled to be not lower than a set value, then the fine digging ship is adopted to dig the high point of foundation bed throwing, the top surface of the foundation bed after throwing is wholly flat, and finally the tamping ship is adopted to flatten, so that the foundation bed meets the requirement of caisson installation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step: underwater topography measurement after foundation bed explosion ramming
After the underwater block stone foundation bed is completely blasted, measuring the water depth of the blasted foundation bed, and forming an average elevation before the repair and the casting according to the 5m section interval;
and a second step of: positioning and supplementing stone throwing by stone throwing ship
Aiming at the position within 1m below the set elevation, adopting a flat-plate barge and backhoe excavator to perform positioning and polishing; the water lump is required to be made frequently before and during the throwing and filling process, the elevation of the throwing stone is controlled to be not lower than the set elevation and not more than 50cm higher than the set elevation, the interval between the repairing and throwing sections is controlled to be within 2m, and the positioning accuracy error is controlled to be within +/-20 cm;
calculating the square quantity of the stone blocks to be thrown on each section according to the section data after the explosive ramming aiming at the position which is lower than the set elevation by more than 1m, and carrying out positioning by adopting a flat plate type barge according to the calculated square quantity charging by a split type barge, and throwing and filling after the split type barge is close to the flat plate type barge;
and a third step of: measurement of depth of water after polishing
After the polishing is completed, measuring the water depth of the block stone foundation bed after polishing; according to the water depth measurement result, the part with the elevation higher than the set value is processed by the fine dredger;
fourth step: fine digging treatment of high points using a fine digging vessel
Checking a GPS measuring system on the fine digging ship, guiding a water depth map measured after finishing the repair and polishing leveling into a grab bucket type fine digging ship measuring and controlling system, and establishing 5m multiplied by 2m small grids for a construction area, wherein the position of each grab corresponds to each small grid;
aiming at the high points higher than the set value, a fine digging ship is adopted to dig, the elevation deviation of the foundation bed after fine digging is within +/-30 cm, and the top surface of the foundation bed after fine digging is wholly flat;
fifth step: deep water measurement after fine digging
After the grab bucket type fine digging ship finishes fine digging, carrying out water depth retest on the underwater rock block foundation bed, carrying out tamping construction after the set elevation control requirement is met, and carrying out re-throwing or re-digging if the throwing elevation control requirement is not met;
sixth step: tamping and leveling construction is carried out on the block stone foundation bed after the fine digging
The tamping construction is carried out by a tamping boat, and the YZ230 reinforced hydraulic vibrating hammer system is arranged for operation;
firstly, checking a ship-borne GPS (Global positioning System) of the ramming vessel, a sonar elevation display system and a laser range finder, and ensuring the construction precision of the ramming vessel; according to the tamping range, tamping points are arranged, the distribution points are arranged along the direction of a side guide rail of the tamping boat, the dimension of the tamping plate is 4mx2.4m, and during tamping construction, the overlap joint amount between adjacent tamping points is 1m, so that the vibration compaction operation is ensured to cover the whole stone throwing area;
the positioning of the ramming boat is carried out through a hinged anchor, and the positioning precision error of the ramming boat is controlled within +/-10 cm; positioning the position of the vibrating hammer to a designated base point position through a winch, wherein the positioning accuracy error of the vibrating hammer trolley is controlled within +/-3 cm;
the rammer board is lowered by controlling the winch, and the lowering elevation of the rammer board is set; observing the inclination angle of the rammer displayed by a computer in the lowering process, wherein the inclination angle of the rammer is not more than 10 degrees, and fine-adjusting the position of the rammer if the inclination angle of the rammer is more than 10 degrees; when the dead weight cannot reach the control elevation in the process of lowering the rammer, starting the power cabinet, adjusting the rotating speed to perform vibration ramming construction until the set elevation is reached;
the tamping sinking rate is not lower than 10%, the tamping construction is performed on the basis that the tamping sinking rate reaches 10%, the elevation is taken as a main control target, the leveling elevation is set in the system by utilizing the depth setting function of the tamping system, the tamping hammer with the preset elevation is automatically stopped, the flatness of the foundation bed after tamping is ensured, and the leveling effect is achieved; after the previous point is rammed, the vibrating hammer is lifted by 2m, and then the vibrating hammer is positioned to the next ramming point in a winch;
when the tamping construction is performed, the exciting force is selected to be 150kN/m, and when the preset exciting force cannot be tamping to the control elevation, the tamping is performed by properly adopting a mode of increasing the exciting force so as to reach the control elevation;
seventh step: depth measurement after tamping
After the tamping construction of the tamping boat is completed, the underwater stone foundation bed is subjected to water depth measurement, and the elevation error after tamping is within +/-5 cm, so that the requirements of caisson installation construction can be met.
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| JPH08170343A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-07-02 | Fujita Corp | Finishing construction method of underwater rubble mound |
| CN105970900A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Offshore wind turbine gravity type foundation installation seabed treatment process |
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| CN109853462A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-07 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Deep water high-precision jackstone rams flat and the multi-functional workboat of bedding dredging and construction method |
| CN209446027U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-09-27 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | The flat measurement of higher degree system of vibro-rammer based on laser range finder |
| CN112081167A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-15 | 镇江市亿华***集成有限公司 | Control method for high-flatness grab bucket ship foundation trench fine excavation operation |
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2023
- 2023-03-07 CN CN202310209292.9A patent/CN116084381B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08170343A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-07-02 | Fujita Corp | Finishing construction method of underwater rubble mound |
| CN105970900A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Offshore wind turbine gravity type foundation installation seabed treatment process |
| CN108360499A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-03 | 北京中科力***技术工程有限公司 | A kind of closely knit processing method of runway basis large area explosion |
| CN209446027U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-09-27 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | The flat measurement of higher degree system of vibro-rammer based on laser range finder |
| CN109853462A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-07 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Deep water high-precision jackstone rams flat and the multi-functional workboat of bedding dredging and construction method |
| CN112081167A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-15 | 镇江市亿华***集成有限公司 | Control method for high-flatness grab bucket ship foundation trench fine excavation operation |
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