CN116075464A - Floating body, liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method - Google Patents

Floating body, liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116075464A
CN116075464A CN202180054464.9A CN202180054464A CN116075464A CN 116075464 A CN116075464 A CN 116075464A CN 202180054464 A CN202180054464 A CN 202180054464A CN 116075464 A CN116075464 A CN 116075464A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tank
pipe
carbon dioxide
liquefied carbon
loading
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Pending
Application number
CN202180054464.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
安部和也
森本晋介
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Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Publication of CN116075464A publication Critical patent/CN116075464A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0138—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/026—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer by calculation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/032—Avoiding freezing or defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The floating body is provided with: a floating body; a tank which is disposed on the floating body and is capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide; and a loading pipe for releasing liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from outside into the tank, the loading pipe comprising: a first loading pipe disposed outside the tank and having a first inner diameter; and a second loading pipe having one end connected to the first loading pipe and the other end opened in the tank and having a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter.

Description

Floating body, liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a floating body, a method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide, and a method for unloading liquefied carbon dioxide.
The present application claims priority based on patent application 2020-180559, filed on japanese application at 10/28/2020, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein.
Background
For example, a fuel tank disclosed in patent document 1 is disclosed that includes a loading pipe (pipe) for loading liquefied gas (LNG: liquefied Natural Gas) into the fuel tank.
Technical literature of the prior art
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent application laid-open No. 2018-528119
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
In the case where liquefied carbon dioxide is contained in the tank, the liquefied carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice for the following reasons. That is, the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide at the lower ends of the loading pipe and the unloading pipe, which are opened in the tank, corresponds to the tank operating pressure. In the structure disclosed in patent document 1, the pipe top portion, which is the highest position among the loading pipe and the unloading pipe, is located above the highest liquid level in the tank. The pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide at the top of the pipe is lower than the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide at the lower end of the pipe by an amount corresponding to the head pressure caused by the difference in level between the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the top of the pipe. That is, in the loading piping and the unloading piping, the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide at the top of the piping is lower than the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank.
The pressure at the triple point (triple point pressure) where the gas phase, the liquid phase and the solid phase of liquefied carbon dioxide coexist is higher than the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG, and the difference from the tank operating pressure at the time of use is small. As a result, depending on the tank operating pressure (tank design pressure), flash evaporation of liquefied carbon dioxide may occur at the top of the pipe where the liquefied carbon dioxide pressure is the lowest, and the liquefied carbon dioxide pressure may be equal to or lower than the triple point pressure. Then, the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporation is reduced due to the vaporization latent heat of the flash evaporation of the liquefied carbon dioxide, and the liquefied carbon dioxide solidifies in the top of the piping to generate dry ice. When dry ice is generated in the loading pipe and the unloading pipe, the flow of liquefied carbon dioxide in the pipe is blocked, and the loading/unloading operation of the liquefied carbon dioxide may be affected.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a float, a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and a liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method that can suppress the generation of dry ice in a pipe to smoothly perform loading/unloading operations of liquefied carbon dioxide.
Means for solving the technical problems
In order to solve the above problems, a floating body according to the present invention includes a floating body, a tank, and a loading pipe. The tank is disposed on the floating body. The tank is capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide. The loading pipe releases liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from the outside into the tank. The loading pipe includes a first loading pipe and a second loading pipe. The first loading pipe is disposed outside the tank. The first loading pipe has a first inner diameter. One end of the second loading pipe is connected to the first loading pipe, and the other end is opened in the tank. The second loading pipe has a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter.
The floating body according to the present invention includes a floating body, a plurality of tanks, a discharge pipe, and a transfer pipe. The tank is disposed on the floating body. The tank is capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide. The discharge piping is provided to each of the plurality of tanks. The off-load piping sends out liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank to the outside of the floating body. The transfer pipe is disposed so as to span between the first tank and the second tank. The transfer piping communicates the first tank with the second tank. The transport pipe includes a first transport pipe and a second transport pipe. The first transfer pipe is disposed on the first tank side. The delivery pipe has a first inner diameter. One end of the second conveying pipe is connected to the first conveying pipe, and the other end of the second conveying pipe is opened in the second tank. The second delivery pipe has a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter.
The method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide according to the present invention is a method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide in a floating body as described above. The loading method of the liquefied carbon dioxide comprises the following steps: loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank from the first loading pipe through the second loading pipe; and loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank from the first loading pipe through the third loading pipe after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank reaches a predetermined liquid level.
The liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method according to the present invention is a method for unloading liquefied carbon dioxide in a floating body as described above. The unloading method of liquefied carbon dioxide comprises the following steps: a step of pressurizing the first tank to transfer liquefied carbon dioxide in the first tank from the first transfer pipe to the second tank through the second transfer pipe; a step of transferring the liquefied carbon dioxide in the first tank from the first transfer pipe to the second tank through the third transfer pipe after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the second tank reaches a predetermined liquid level; and a step of discharging the liquefied carbon dioxide in the second tank to the outside of the second tank through the discharge pipe.
Effects of the invention
According to the float body, the liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and the liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method of the present invention, the dry ice generation in the piping can be suppressed, and the loading/unloading operation can be smoothly performed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of a vessel as a floating body according to each embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view showing tanks, loading pipes, and unloading pipes provided in a ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows II-II in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a tank, a loading pipe, and an unloading pipe provided in a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing steps of a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded through a second loading pipe in the method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded through a third loading pipe in the method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a tank, a loading pipe, and an unloading pipe provided in a ship according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a tank, a loading pipe, and an unloading pipe provided in a ship according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing steps of a liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is transported through a second loading pipe in the liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is transported through a third loading pipe in the liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a floating body, a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and a liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 11.
< first embodiment >, first embodiment
(Structure of Ship)
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a ship 1 as a floating body transports liquefied carbon dioxide. The ship 1 includes at least a hull 2 as a floating body and a tank facility 10A.
(Structure of hull)
The hull 2 has a pair of sides 3A, 3B, a bottom (not shown) and an upper deck 5, which constitute the outer shell thereof. The sides 3A, 3B have a pair of side outer plates forming a port side and a starboard side, respectively. The bottom (not shown) has a bottom outer plate connecting the sides 3A, 3B. The hull 2 has a U-shape in cross section orthogonal to the fore-and-aft direction Da by the pair of side plates 3A, 3B and the bottom (not shown). The upper deck 5 illustrated in the present embodiment is an all-pass deck exposed to the outside. In the hull 2, an upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side is formed with an upper structure 7 having a living area.
A cargo loading section (cargo hold) 8 is formed in the hull 2 on the bow 2a side of the superstructure 7. The cargo loading section 8 is recessed toward the lower bottom of the upper deck 5 and opens upward.
(construction of tank apparatus)
The tank devices 10A are arranged in plurality in the bow-to-stern direction Da in the cargo loading section 8. In the embodiment of the present invention, two tank apparatuses 10A are arranged at intervals in the bow-to-stern direction Da.
As shown in fig. 2, the tank facility 10A includes at least a tank 11, a loading pipe 20A, and a unloading pipe 30.
In the present embodiment, the tank 11 is disposed on the hull 2. The tank 11 is, for example, cylindrical and extends in the horizontal direction. Tank 11 contains liquefied carbon dioxide L therein. The can body includes a cylindrical portion 12 and an end spherical portion 13. The cylindrical portion 12 extends in the longitudinal direction Dx in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, the tubular portion 12 is formed in a circular tubular shape in cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction Dx. The end spherical portions 13 are disposed at both ends of the tubular portion 12 in the longitudinal direction Dx. Each end spherical portion 13 is hemispherical and closes the openings at both ends of the tubular portion 12 in the longitudinal direction Dx. The tank 11 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the tank 11 may be spherical, square, or the like.
The loading pipe 20A loads liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from an overboard of a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like on land into the tank 11. The loading pipe 20A includes a first loading pipe 21 and a second loading pipe 22.
The first loading pipe 21 is detachably connected to a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying liquefied carbon dioxide from an off-board liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like. The first loading pipe 21 is disposed outside the tank 11. The first loading pipe 21 in the present embodiment extends in the horizontal direction above the tank 11 in the up-down direction Dv. The first loading pipe 21 has a first inner diameter D1.
One end 22a (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second loading pipe 22 is connected to the first loading pipe 21. The second loading pipe 22 penetrates the top of the tank 11 and extends from the outside to the inside of the tank 11. The second loading pipe 22 extends in the up-down direction Dv inside the tank 11. The other end 22b (in other words, the lower end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second loading pipe 22 opens downward in the lower portion of the tank 11. The second loading pipe 22 has a second inner diameter D2 smaller than the first inner diameter D1. In the present embodiment, the second loading pipe 22 has the second inner diameter D2 over the entire length thereof. The second loading pipe 22 may be formed with only the second inner diameter D2 for a certain length on the other end 22b side, and the first inner diameter D1 on the one end 22a side may be the same as the first loading pipe 21.
The off-load piping 30 sends the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 to the outside of the ship such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land. The discharge pipe 30 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11, and extends to the inside of the tank 11. The end portion of the discharge pipe 30 is disposed in the lower portion of the tank 11. A pump 31 is provided at the end of the discharge pipe 30. The pump 31 sucks liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11. The off-gas piping 30 sends out the liquefied carbon dioxide L sucked by the pump 31 to the outside (outboard) of the tank 11.
(effects of action)
In the ship 1 described above, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 11 from the first loading pipe 21 through the second loading pipe 22. The second inner diameter D2 of the second loading pipe 22 is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the first loading pipe 21. Therefore, the pressure loss Δp of the second loading pipe 22 is larger than the pressure loss Δp of the first loading pipe 21.
Wherein, pressure P of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top of piping of loading piping 20A L Represented by the following formula (1).
P L ＝P T -ρg(h 2 -h 1 )/1000+ΔP……(1)
Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
P L : pressure (kPaG) of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of loading pipe 20A
P T : pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L in the upper part of tank 11 (kPaG)
ρ: liquid density of liquefied carbon dioxide L (kg/m) 3 )
g: gravitational acceleration (m/s) 2 )
h 2 : height (m) from the lowest part of tank 11 to the top of the pipe for loading pipe 20A
h 1 : height (m) from the lowest part of tank 11 to the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L
By the above formula (1), the pressure (P) of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the loading pipe 20A L ) Only the amount of the pressure loss Δp is increased. The pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top of the pipe of loading pipe 20A is increased to suppress the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L from approaching the triple point pressure. This suppresses solidification of liquefied carbon dioxide L in loading pipe 20A to generate dry ice. As a result, when liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in tank 11, dry ice generation in loading pipe 20A can be suppressed, and the loading operation can be smoothly performed.
< second embodiment >
Next, a second embodiment of the method for loading floating bodies and liquefied carbon dioxide according to the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment described below, the configuration including only the third loading pipe 23 is different from that of the first embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the first embodiment, and overlapping description is omitted.
As shown in fig. 3, the tank facility 10B includes at least a tank 11, a loading pipe 20B, and a unloading pipe 30.
The loading pipe 20B loads liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from an overboard of a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like on land into the tank 11. The loading pipe 20B includes a first loading pipe 21, a second loading pipe 22, and a third loading pipe 23.
The first loading pipe 21 is detachably connected to a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying liquefied carbon dioxide from an off-board liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like. The first loading pipe 21 is disposed outside the tank 11. As in the first embodiment, the first loading pipe 21 extends in the horizontal direction above the tank 11 in the up-down direction Dv. The first loading pipe 21 has a first inner diameter D1.
One end 22a (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second loading pipe 22 is connected to the first loading pipe 21. The second loading pipe 22 penetrates the top of the tank 11 and extends from the outside to the inside of the tank 11. The second loading pipe 22 extends in the up-down direction Dv inside the tank 11. The other end 22b (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second loading pipe 22 opens downward in the lower portion of the tank 11. The second loading pipe 22 has a second inner diameter D2 smaller than the first inner diameter D1.
The base end 23a (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the third loading pipe 23 is connected to the first loading pipe 21. The third loading pipe 23 penetrates the top of the tank 11 and extends from the outside to the inside of the tank 11. The third loading pipe 23 extends in the up-down direction Dv in the tank 11. The distal end 23b (in other words, the lower end in the up-down direction Dv) of the third loading pipe 23 opens downward in the lower portion of the tank 11. The third loading pipe 23 has a third inner diameter D3 larger than the second inner diameter D2. The third inner diameter D3 may be the same as the first inner diameter D1 of the first loading pipe 21.
The second loading pipe 22 is provided with an opening/closing valve 24. The opening/closing valve 24 opens and closes the second loading pipe 22. Similarly, the third loading pipe 23 is provided with an opening/closing valve 25. The opening/closing valve 25 opens and closes the third loading pipe 23.
(step of method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide)
As shown in fig. 4, a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method S1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a step S2 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L through a second loading pipe 22; and a step S3 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L through the third loading pipe 23.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S2 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L through the second loading pipe 22, the on-off valve 24 is opened, and the on-off valve 25 is closed. Thereby, the first loading pipe 21 and the second loading pipe 22 are in a communicating state. In this state, liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship is fed from the first loading pipe 21 into the tank 11 through the second loading pipe 22. At this time, the second inner diameter D2 of the second loading pipe 22 is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the first loading pipe 21. Accordingly, the pressure loss Δp in the second loading pipe 22 increases, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded while suppressing the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 20A.
As shown in fig. 6, after that, the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L in tank 11 reaches a predetermined liquid level, the process shifts to step S3 in which liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded through third loading pipe 23. For this purpose, the on-off valve 24 is set to a closed state, and the on-off valve 25 is set to an open state. Thereby, the first loading pipe 21 and the third loading pipe 23 are in a communicating state. As described above, when the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L in tank 11 increases and reaches a predetermined liquid level, the pressure difference between liquefied carbon dioxide L in tank 11 and the pipe top of loading pipe 20B becomes small. This makes it difficult to solidify the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the loading pipe 20B.
In step S3 performed in this state, liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship can be fed from the first loading pipe 21 into the tank 11 through the third loading pipe 23. The third inner diameter D3 of the third loading pipe 23 is larger than the second inner diameter D2 of the second loading pipe 22. Therefore, the flow rate of liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied into tank 11 through third loading pipe 23 can be increased as compared with step S2.
(effects of action)
In the ship 1 and the liquefied carbon dioxide L loading method S1 according to the second embodiment, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is low, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded from the first loading pipe 21 into the tank 11 through the second loading pipe 22. Then, since the second inner diameter D2 of the second loading pipe 22 is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the first loading pipe 21, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the loading pipe 20B is increased by the pressure loss Δp generated in the second loading pipe 22. This suppresses solidification of liquefied carbon dioxide L in loading pipe 20B to generate dry ice. As a result, when liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in tank 11, dry ice generation in loading pipe 20B can be suppressed, and the loading operation can be smoothly performed.
Then, after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 rises and reaches a predetermined liquid level, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is charged into the tank 11 through the third charging pipe 23. This enables loading of liquefied carbon dioxide L in a short time.
< third embodiment >
Next, a third embodiment of the method for loading floating bodies and liquefied carbon dioxide according to the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment described below, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments, and overlapping description is omitted.
As shown in fig. 7, the tank apparatus 10C includes at least a plurality of tanks 11, a loading pipe 20C, an unloading pipe 30, and a conveying pipe 40C.
The loading pipe 20C loads liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from an overboard of a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like on land into the tank 11. The loading pipe 20C of the third embodiment is provided one for each of the plurality of tanks 11.
The off-load piping 30 sends the liquefied carbon dioxide L in each tank 11 to the outside of the ship such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land. The discharge pipe 30 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11, and extends to the inside of the tank 11. The end portion of the discharge pipe 30 is disposed in the lower portion of the tank 11. A pump 31 is provided at the end of the discharge pipe 30. The pump 31 sucks liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11. The off-gas piping 30 sends out the liquefied carbon dioxide L sucked by the pump 31 to the outside (outboard) of the tank 11. Like the loading pipe 20C, the unloading pipe 30 of the third embodiment is also provided for each of the plurality of tanks 11. In the following description, a case where two of the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q are provided as the plurality of tanks 11 will be described as an example.
The transfer pipe 40C is disposed so as to span between the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q. The transfer pipe 40C communicates the inside of the first tank 11P with the inside of the second tank 11Q. The liquefied carbon dioxide L can be transported from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the transport pipe 40C. The transfer pipe 40C includes a first transfer pipe 41 and a second transfer pipe 42.
The first transfer pipe 41 is disposed on the first tank 11P side. The first end 41a of the first transfer pipe 41 is inserted into the first tank 11P, and opens downward in the lower portion of the first tank 11P. The first transfer pipe 41 extends upward from the first end 41a and reaches the outside of the first tank 11P. The intermediate portion 41b of the first transfer piping 41, which is disposed outside the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q, extends horizontally above the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q. The first transfer pipe 41 has a first inner diameter D11.
One end 42a of the second conveying pipe 42 is connected to the first conveying pipe 41. The second transfer piping 42 penetrates the top of the second tank 11Q and extends from the outside to the inside of the second tank 11Q. The second transfer pipe 42 extends in the up-down direction Dv in the second tank 11Q. The other end 42b of the second transfer pipe 42 opens downward in the lower portion of the second tank 11Q. The second delivery pipe 42 has a second inner diameter D12 smaller than the first inner diameter D11. In the third embodiment, the second transfer piping 42 has the second inner diameter D12 over the entire length thereof. The second transfer pipe 42 may be formed with the second inner diameter D12 only for a certain length on the other end 42b side, and the first inner diameter D11 may be formed with the same side as the first transfer pipe 41 on the one end 42a side.
The delivery pipe 40C is provided with an on-off valve 45. The on-off valve 45 opens and closes the conveying piping 40C. The on-off valve 45 is normally closed.
In each tank 11 (first tank 11P, second tank 11Q), when liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is discharged, a pump 31 provided in each tank 11 on a discharge pipe 30 is operated. Then, liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is sucked by the pump 31 and is sent out of the ship through the off-load piping 30.
When the pump 31 of the first tank 11P fails to perform the required function due to a failure or the like, the on-off valve 45 is opened. Then, the first tank 11P communicates with the second tank 11Q through the transfer pipe 40C. In this state, the pressurizing gas Gp (e.g., the vapor gas) in the other tanks (e.g., the second tank 11Q) other than the first tank 11P is sent into the first tank 11P through a pressurizing gas pipe (not shown). Then, the pressure of the gas phase in the first tank 11P increases, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P is pressurized. As a result, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P is fed into the second tank 11Q through the feed pipe 40C (the first feed pipe 41 and the second feed pipe 42) by the pressure difference between the pressure of the gas phase in the first tank 11P and the pressure of the gas phase in the second tank 11Q. Liquefied carbon dioxide L transferred from the first tank 11P into the second tank 11Q is sent out of the ship through the unloading pipe 30 by a pump 31 provided in the unloading pipe 30 of the second tank 11Q.
(effects of action)
In the ship 1 described above, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the second transfer pipe 42 from the first transfer pipe 41. The liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied to the second tank 11Q is sent to the outside through the unloading pipe 30 of the second tank 11Q. In this way, even when the unloading work cannot be performed in the unloading pipe 30 of the first tank 11P, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P can be unloaded to the outside via the second tank 11Q.
Then, since the second inner diameter D12 of the second transfer piping 42 is smaller than the first inner diameter D11 of the first transfer piping 41, the pressure loss Δp of the second transfer piping 42 is larger than the pressure loss Δp of the first transfer piping 41, and the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the transfer piping 40C can be increased by the pressure loss Δp. Therefore, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the transfer pipe 40C can be increased to suppress the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L from approaching the triple point pressure. This suppresses the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying in the transfer pipe 40C to generate dry ice. As a result, even when liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the transfer pipe 40C, the dry ice generation in the transfer pipe 40C can be suppressed, and the transfer operation and the unloading operation can be smoothly performed.
< fourth embodiment >, a third embodiment
Next, a fourth embodiment of the method for unloading floating bodies and liquefied carbon dioxide according to the present invention will be described. In the fourth embodiment described below, the configuration including only the third transfer piping 43 is different from that of the third embodiment, and therefore the same portions as those of the third embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.
As shown in fig. 8, the tank facility 10D includes at least a plurality of tanks 11, a plurality of loading pipes 20C, a plurality of unloading pipes 30, and a transfer pipe 40D. In the fourth embodiment, a case where there are two tanks (the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q) will be described as an example.
The transfer pipe 40D is disposed so as to span between the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q. The transfer pipe 40D transfers the liquefied carbon dioxide L from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q. The transfer pipe 40D includes a first transfer pipe 41, a second transfer pipe 42, and a third transfer pipe 43.
The first transfer pipe 41 is disposed on the first tank 11P side. The first end 41a of the first transfer pipe 41 is inserted into the first tank 11P, and opens downward in the lower portion of the first tank 11P. The intermediate portion 41b of the first transfer piping 41, which is disposed outside the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q, extends horizontally above the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q. The first transfer pipe 41 has a first inner diameter D11.
One end 42a (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second conveying pipe 42 is connected to the first conveying pipe 41. The second transfer piping 42 penetrates the top of the second tank 11Q and extends from the outside to the inside of the second tank 11Q. The second transfer pipe 42 extends in the up-down direction Dv in the second tank 11Q. The other end 42b of the second transfer pipe 42 opens downward in the lower portion of the second tank 11Q. The second delivery pipe 42 has a second inner diameter D12 smaller than the first inner diameter D11.
The base end 43a (in other words, the upper end in the up-down direction Dv) of the third conveyance pipe 43 is connected to the first conveyance pipe 41. The third transfer pipe 43 penetrates the top of the second tank 11Q and extends from the outside to the inside of the second tank 11Q. The third transfer pipe 43 extends in the up-down direction Dv in the second tank 11Q. The distal end 43b (in other words, the lower end in the up-down direction Dv) of the third conveyance pipe 43 opens downward in the lower portion of the tank 11. The third conveying pipe 43 has a third inner diameter D13 larger than the second inner diameter D2. The third inner diameter D13 may be the same as the first inner diameter D11 of the first transfer pipe 41.
The second delivery pipe 42 is provided with an opening/closing valve 46. The opening and closing valve 46 opens and closes the second conveying piping 42. The third transfer pipe 43 is provided with an opening/closing valve 47. The opening/closing valve 47 opens and closes the third conveying piping 43. The opening/ closing valves 46, 47 are normally closed.
In each tank (first tank 11P, second tank 11Q), when liquefied carbon dioxide L in tank 11 is discharged, pump 31 provided in discharge pipe 30 in each tank 11 is operated. Then, liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is sucked by the pump 31 and is sent out of the ship through the off-load piping 30.
(step of unloading method of liquefied carbon dioxide)
When the pump 31 of the first tank 11P fails to perform the required function due to a failure or the like, the following liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method S11 is performed.
As shown in fig. 9, a liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method S11 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a step S12 of transporting liquefied carbon dioxide L through a second transport pipe 42; a step S13 of transporting liquefied carbon dioxide L through a third transporting pipe 43; and step S14 of sending out the liquefied carbon dioxide L to the outside.
As shown in fig. 10, in step S12 of transporting liquefied carbon dioxide L through the second transport pipe 42, the on-off valve 46 is opened, and the on-off valve 47 is closed. Thereby, the first conveying pipe 41 and the second conveying pipe 42 are in a communicating state. In this state, the vapor gas in the other tanks (for example, the second tank 11Q) other than the first tank 11P is introduced into the first tank 11P as the pressurizing gas Gp through a pressurizing gas pipe (not shown). Then, the pressure of the gas phase in the first tank 11P increases, and a pressure difference between the pressure of the gas phase in the first tank 11P and the pressure of the gas phase in the second tank 11Q is generated. Thereby, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P is fed into the second tank 11Q through the first transfer pipe 41 and the second transfer pipe 42. At this time, the second inner diameter D2 of the second conveying pipe 42 is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the first conveying pipe 41. Accordingly, the pressure loss Δp in the second transfer pipe 42 increases, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded while suppressing the generation of dry ice in the transfer pipe 40D.
As shown in fig. 11, after the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L in second tank 11Q reaches a predetermined liquid level, the process shifts to step S13 in which liquefied carbon dioxide L is transported through third transport pipe 43. For this purpose, the on-off valve 46 is set to a closed state, and the on-off valve 47 is set to an open state. Thereby, the first conveying pipe 41 and the third conveying pipe 43 are in a communicating state.
As described above, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 increases and reaches the predetermined liquid level, the pressure difference between the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q and the pipe top of the transfer pipe 40D becomes small. This makes it difficult to solidify the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the transfer pipe 40D.
In this state, step S13 is performed. In this step S13, similarly to the above, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P is transferred from the first transfer pipe 41 to the second tank 11Q through the third transfer pipe 43 by using the pressurizing gas Gp. At this time, the third inner diameter D3 of the third conveying pipe 43 is larger than the second inner diameter D2 of the second conveying pipe 42. Therefore, compared to step S12, the flow rate of liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied into the second tank 11Q through the third transfer pipe 43 can be increased.
In step S14 of feeding the liquefied carbon dioxide L to the outside of the second tank 11Q, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q is fed to the outside of the tank 11 through the dump pipe 30. Such a step S14 may be performed in parallel with the steps S12 and S13.
(effects of action)
In the ship 1 and the liquefied carbon dioxide L unloading method S11 described above, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is low, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P into the second tank 11Q through the second transfer pipe 42, and is suppressed in the transfer pipe 40D
The internal liquefied carbon dioxide L solidifies to form dry ice. Then, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q increases, the pressure difference between the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q and the pipe top of the transfer pipe 40D becomes small, and when the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top becomes a state where solidification is difficult, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P into the second tank 11Q through the third transfer pipe 43. This allows the liquefied carbon dioxide L to be transported in a short time. As a result, even when liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the transfer pipe 40D, the dry ice generation in the transfer pipe 40D can be suppressed, and the transfer operation and the unloading operation can be smoothly performed.
(other embodiments)
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and design changes and the like within the scope of the present invention are also included.
In the above embodiments, the two tanks 11 are provided, but the number and arrangement of the tanks 11 are not limited to this. More than three tanks 11 may be provided. In the above embodiments, the case where the plurality of tanks 11 are arranged in the fore-and-aft direction Da has been illustrated, but the tanks 11 may be arranged in the width direction (in other words, the port-starboard direction).
In the above embodiments, the ship 1 is illustrated as the floating body, but the present invention is not limited to this. The floating body may be an offshore floating body installation without propulsion means.
< additionally remembered >
The floating body 1, the method for loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L, and the method for unloading the liquefied carbon dioxide L described in the embodiments are grasped as follows, for example.
(1) The floating body 1 according to the 1 st aspect includes: a floating body 2; a tank 11 which is disposed on the floating body 2 and can store liquefied carbon dioxide L; and loading pipes 20A and 20B for releasing liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside into the tank 11, wherein the loading pipes 20A and 20B include: a first loading pipe 21 disposed outside the tank 11 and having a first inner diameter D1; and a second loading pipe 22 having one end 22a connected to the first loading pipe 21 and the other end 22b opened in the tank 11 and having a second inner diameter D2 smaller than the first inner diameter D1.
As an example of the floating body 1, a ship or an offshore floating body facility can be given. As an example of the floating body 2, a hull or a floating body 2 of an offshore floating body facility can be given.
In the floating body 1, liquefied carbon dioxide L is charged into the tank 11 from the first charging pipe 21 through the second charging pipe 22. The second inner diameter D2 of the second loading pipe 22 is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the first loading pipe 21. Therefore, the pressure loss Δp of the second loading pipe 22 is larger than the pressure loss Δp of the first loading pipe 21. Thus, the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through loading pipes 20A and 20B is increased by only the amount of pressure loss Δp. The pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top of the piping of loading piping 20A, 20B is increased to suppress the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L from approaching the triple point pressure. This suppresses solidification of liquefied carbon dioxide L in loading pipes 20A and 20B to generate dry ice. As a result, when liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in tank 11, dry ice generation in loading pipes 20A and 20B can be suppressed, and the loading operation can be smoothly performed.
(2) The floating body 1 according to claim 2 is the floating body 1 of (1), wherein the loading pipe 20B further includes a third loading pipe 23, and a base end 23a of the third loading pipe 23 is connected to the first loading pipe 21, and a tip end 23B of the third loading pipe 23 is opened in the tank 11 and has a third inner diameter D3 larger than the second inner diameter D2.
Accordingly, the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be charged in a short time by charging the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 11 through the third charging pipe 23 having the third inner diameter D3 larger than the second charging pipe 22.
(3) The floating body 1 according to claim 3 includes: a floating body 2; a plurality of tanks 11 which are disposed on the floating body 2 and can store liquefied carbon dioxide L; a discharge pipe 30 provided in each of the tanks 11 and configured to discharge liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 to the outside of the floating body 2; and transfer pipes 40C and 40D disposed so as to span between the first tank 11P and the second tank 11Q constituting the plurality of tanks 11 and so as to communicate the inside of the first tank 11P with the inside of the second tank 11Q, the transfer pipes 40C and 40D including: a first delivery pipe 41 disposed on the first tank 11P side and having a first inner diameter D11; and a second delivery pipe 42 having one end 42a connected to the first delivery pipe 41 and the other end 42b opened in the second tank 11Q and having a second inner diameter D12 smaller than the first inner diameter D11.
Thus, liquefied carbon dioxide L can be transferred from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the transfer pipes 40C and 40D. The liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied to the second tank 11Q is sent to the outside through the unloading pipe 30 of the second tank 11Q. In this way, even when the unloading work cannot be performed in the unloading pipe 30 of the first tank 11P, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P can be unloaded to the outside via the second tank 11Q.
The second inner diameter D12 of the second conveying pipe 42 is smaller than the first inner diameter D11 of the first conveying pipe 41. Therefore, the pressure loss Δp of the second delivery pipe 42 is larger than the pressure loss Δp of the first delivery pipe 41. Thus, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the delivery pipes 40C and 40D is increased by the pressure loss Δp. The pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top of the transfer pipes 40C and 40D is increased to suppress the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L from approaching the triple point pressure. This suppresses solidification of liquefied carbon dioxide L in the transfer pipes 40C and 40D to generate dry ice. As a result, when liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in tank 11, dry ice generation in transfer pipes 40C and 40D can be suppressed, and the transfer operation and the unloading operation can be smoothly performed.
(4) The floating body 1 according to claim 4 is the floating body 1 of (3), wherein the transfer pipe 40D further includes a third transfer pipe 43, and the third transfer pipe 43 has a base end 43a connected to the first transfer pipe 41 and a distal end 43b opened in the second tank 11Q and a third inner diameter D13 larger than the second inner diameter D12.
Accordingly, the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be transported in a short time by transporting the liquefied carbon dioxide L through the third transport pipe 43 having the third inner diameter D13 larger than the second transport pipe 42.
(5) The method S1 for loading liquefied carbon dioxide L according to claim 5 is the method S1 for loading liquefied carbon dioxide L in the floating body 1 of (2), and comprises: a step S2 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 11 from the first loading pipe 21 through the second loading pipe 22; and a step S3 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 11 from the first loading pipe 21 through the third loading pipe 23 after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined liquid level.
Thus, when the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L in tank 11 is low, liquefied carbon dioxide L is charged into tank 11 through first charging pipe 21, and solidification of liquefied carbon dioxide L in charging pipe 20B is suppressed to generate dry ice. When the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 increases and the pressure difference between the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 and the pipe top of the loading pipe 20B becomes small, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 11 through the third loading pipe 23 in a state where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is difficult to solidify at the pipe top. This enables loading of liquefied carbon dioxide L in a short time.
(6) The unloading method S11 of liquefied carbon dioxide L according to claim 6 is the unloading method S11 of liquefied carbon dioxide L in the floating body 1 of (4), and the method includes: a step S12 of pressurizing the first tank 11P to transfer the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P from the first transfer pipe 41 to the second tank 11Q through the second transfer pipe 42; a step S13 of transferring the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first tank 11P from the first transfer pipe 41 to the second tank 11Q through the third transfer pipe 43 after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q reaches a predetermined liquid level; and a step S14 of discharging the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q to the outside of the second tank 11Q through the discharge pipe 30.
Accordingly, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q is low, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P to the second tank 11Q through the second transfer pipe 42, and solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the transfer pipe 40D is suppressed to generate dry ice. Then, when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q increases, the pressure difference between the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the second tank 11Q and the pipe top of the transfer pipe 40D becomes small, and when the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top becomes a state where solidification is difficult, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first tank 11P into the second tank 11Q through the third transfer pipe 43. This allows the liquefied carbon dioxide L to be transported in a short time.
Industrial applicability
According to the float body, the liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and the liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method of the present invention, the dry ice generation in the piping can be suppressed, and the loading/unloading operation can be smoothly performed.
Symbol description
1-ship (floating body), 2-hull (floating body), 2 a-bow, 2B-stern, 3A, 3B-side, 5-upper deck, 7-superstructure, 8-cargo loading section, 10A to 10D-tank equipment, 11-tank, 11P-first tank, 11Q-second tank, 12-cylindrical portion, 13-end spherical portion, 20A to 20C-loading piping, 21-first loading piping, 22-second loading piping, 22 a-one end, 22B-other end, 23-third loading piping, 23A-base end, 23B-end, 24, 25-on-off valve, 30-off piping, 31-pump, 40C, 40D-delivery piping, 41-first delivery piping, 41 a-first end, 41B-intermediate portion, 42-second delivery piping, 42 a-one end, 42B-other end, 43-third delivery piping, 43A-base end, 43B-end, 45 to 47-on-off valve, gp-pressurized gas, L-carbon dioxide.

Claims (6)

1. A floating body, comprising:
a floating body;
a tank which is disposed on the floating body and is capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
A loading pipe for releasing liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from the outside into the tank,
the loading pipe includes:
a first loading pipe disposed outside the tank and having a first inner diameter; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And a second loading pipe having one end connected to the first loading pipe and the other end opened in the tank and having a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter.
2. The floating body of claim 1, wherein,
the loading pipe further includes a third loading pipe, a base end of which is connected to the first loading pipe and a distal end of which opens into the tank, and which has a third inner diameter larger than the second inner diameter.
3. A floating body, comprising:
a floating body;
a plurality of tanks disposed on the floating body and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide;
a discharge pipe provided in each of the tanks, and configured to discharge liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank to the outside of the floating body; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
A transfer pipe disposed so as to span between a first tank and a second tank constituting the plurality of tanks and communicating the first tank with the second tank,
the transport pipe includes:
a first delivery pipe disposed on the first tank side and having a first inner diameter; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And a second delivery pipe having one end connected to the first delivery pipe and the other end opened in the second tank and having a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter.
4. The floating body of claim 3 wherein,
the transfer piping further includes a third transfer piping, wherein a base end of the third transfer piping is connected to the first transfer piping, and a distal end of the third transfer piping is opened in the second tank, and has a third inner diameter larger than the second inner diameter.
5. A method of loading liquefied carbon dioxide in the floating body of claim 2, the method comprising:
loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank from the first loading pipe through the second loading pipe; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And a step of loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank from the first loading pipe through the third loading pipe after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank reaches a predetermined liquid level.
6. A method of offloading liquefied carbon dioxide in the floating body of claim 4, the method comprising:
a step of pressurizing the first tank to transfer liquefied carbon dioxide in the first tank from the first transfer pipe to the second tank through the second transfer pipe;
a step of transferring the liquefied carbon dioxide in the first tank from the first transfer pipe to the second tank through the third transfer pipe after the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the second tank reaches a predetermined liquid level; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And a step of discharging the liquefied carbon dioxide in the second tank to the outside of the second tank through the discharge pipe.
CN202180054464.9A 2020-10-28 2021-10-28 Floating body, liquefied carbon dioxide loading method, and liquefied carbon dioxide unloading method Pending CN116075464A (en)

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JP2020180559A JP2022071534A (en) 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 Floating body, loading method of liquefied carbon dioxide, and unloading method of liquefied carbon dioxide
PCT/JP2021/039910 WO2022092236A1 (en) 2020-10-28 2021-10-28 Floating body, method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide, and method for unloading liquefied carbon dioxide

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