CN116061769B - Vehicle energy management control method and device, vehicle controller and vehicle - Google Patents
Vehicle energy management control method and device, vehicle controller and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy management control method and device of a vehicle, a vehicle controller and the vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and a power cell, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the SOC of the power battery, and determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery according to the SOC of the power battery; determining the whole vehicle state information, and determining a second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information; and determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power. According to the method, the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power cell SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information, so that the final target output power can be matched with the performance of the power cell, and the requirement of whole vehicle energy control can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to an energy management control method and apparatus for a vehicle, a vehicle controller, and a vehicle.
Background
Currently, the main stream products of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle type mainly comprise hydrogen fuel passenger vehicles and hydrogen fuel commercial vehicles. The domestic and foreign hydrogen fuel passenger vehicles are mainly used, and the domestic and domestic hydrogen fuel commercial vehicles are mainly used. From the whole vehicle power configuration, the passenger vehicle is influenced by space arrangement and operation conditions, a power framework of a high-power fuel cell matched with a low-capacity power battery is generally adopted, and a power following strategy of the fuel cell for providing main power of the whole vehicle is favored in a control strategy. Because of the large space, commercial vehicles mostly adopt a power architecture of a high-power fuel cell matched with a medium-capacity power cell, and are strategically biased towards an extended range power control strategy or a control strategy of multi-power point power distribution.
With the continuous progress of high-power fuel cell system technology, after the power of the fuel cell exceeds 150kw, a common simple whole vehicle control strategy for determining the power of the fuel cell based on the SOC of the power cell has the problem that the performance of the high-power fuel cell is matched with that of the power cell, and the requirement of whole vehicle energy control cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide an energy management control method for a vehicle, which determines a final target output power of a hydrogen fuel cell according to vehicle state information, a first target output power determined based on a power battery SOC, and a second target output power determined based on the vehicle state information, so as to not only match with the power battery performance, but also meet the requirement of vehicle energy control.
A second object of the present invention is to propose a vehicle controller.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an energy management control device for a vehicle.
A fourth object of the present invention is to propose a vehicle.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention provides an energy management control method of a vehicle including a hydrogen fuel cell and a power cell, the method including: acquiring the SOC of the power battery, and determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery according to the SOC of the power battery; determining the whole vehicle state information, and determining a second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information; and determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power.
According to the energy management control method of the vehicle, the SOC of the power battery is obtained, the first target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery is determined according to the SOC of the power battery, the whole vehicle state information is determined, the second target output power is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, and the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power. Therefore, the first target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery, the second target output power is determined according to the state of the whole vehicle, the final target output power is obtained according to the performance of the power battery and the state information of the whole vehicle, and the fuel battery can be matched with the performance of the power battery according to the final target output power and can meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle state information includes an actual condition of the vehicle, wherein determining a final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the vehicle state information, the first target output power, and the second target output power includes: and when the gear of the vehicle is neutral gear or reverse gear according to the actual working condition and the vehicle speed is smaller than or equal to a first preset vehicle speed threshold value, taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
According to one embodiment of the invention, determining the second target output power based on the vehicle state information includes: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to the first preset time according to the actual working condition, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, and determining the second target output power according to the actual power of the whole vehicle.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the vehicle state information, the first target output power, and the second target output power further includes: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to a first preset time, taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the SOC of the power battery is divided into a low-power interval, a medium-power interval, and a high-power interval, wherein the method further includes: when the SOC of the power battery is in a low battery interval, carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, upshifting according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine a second target output power, and taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power; when the SOC of the power battery is in a middle electric quantity interval, taking the first target output power as the final target output power; and when the SOC of the power battery is in a high electric quantity interval, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, performing downshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine a second target output power, and taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle state information further includes a power cell temperature, wherein after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further includes: and carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle according to the temperature of the power battery.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further comprises: an allowable charge power of the power cell is determined, and a final target output power is limited according to the allowable charge power.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle controller including a memory, a processor, and an energy management control program of a vehicle stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the energy management control method of the vehicle of any one of the foregoing embodiments when executing the energy management control program of the vehicle.
According to the vehicle controller provided by the embodiment of the invention, the processor executes the computer program for controlling the energy management of the vehicle, and the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power battery SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information, so that the final target output power can be matched with the power battery performance, and the requirement of controlling the energy of the whole vehicle can be met.
To achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy management control device for a vehicle including a hydrogen fuel cell and a power cell, the device including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the SOC of the power battery; a first determination module for determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the SOC of the power cell; the second determining module is used for determining the whole vehicle state information and determining second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information; and the control module is used for determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power.
According to the energy management control device of the vehicle, the acquisition module acquires the SOC of the power battery, the first determining module determines the first target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery according to the SOC of the power battery, the second determining module determines the whole vehicle state information, the second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information, and the control module determines the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power. Therefore, the first target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery, the second target output power is determined according to the state of the whole vehicle, the final target output power is obtained according to the performance of the power battery and the state information of the whole vehicle, and the fuel battery can be matched with the performance of the power battery according to the final target output power and can meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including the energy management control device of the aforementioned vehicle.
According to the vehicle disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power battery SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information by adopting the energy management control device of the vehicle, so that the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell can be matched with the power battery performance, and the requirement of whole vehicle energy control can be met.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart diagram of a method of energy management control of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a system schematic diagram of a vehicle controller according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an energy management control device of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a system schematic diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that the present application was made by the inventor's knowledge and study of the following problems:
the current hydrogen fuel vehicle type whole vehicle energy management control strategy mainly has the following problems:
1. The current power following strategy is mainly applied to passenger cars, is limited by the small space constraint of the passenger cars, and is matched with a power battery with small capacity. The whole vehicle is mainly powered by a fuel cell, and the power cell is only used for recovering braking capability. The whole vehicle needs to be timely adjusted in power output due to the change of working conditions in the whole vehicle operation, namely, the load change is frequent, the load increasing and decreasing speed is high, and the change frequency is high, which is contrary to the characteristics of the fuel cell. Therefore, the service life of the fuel cell is greatly influenced, and the service life of the fuel cell system is greatly shortened. However, the common operation time of the passenger car is shorter than 5000-10000h, the average running power is 20-60kw lower, and the current fuel cell passenger car adopts the control strategy to basically meet the requirements of the passenger car. However, commercial vehicles are generally heavy-duty vehicle types GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight, total vehicle weight) ranging from 2 t to 49t, even more than 100t, and the running time requirement is generally more than 20000h, so that the current power following strategy is not suitable for commercial vehicles.
2. The extended range energy management control strategy is mainly used for hydrogen fuel buses and partial hydrogen fuel trucks. Because of low power (about 30 kw) and cost factors of early fuel cells, some passenger cars and trucks adopt architecture schemes matching with low-power fuel cells and large-capacity power cells, and the control strategy adopts a control strategy that the fuel cells output according to constant power to charge the power cells and the whole car power is provided by the power cells. The scheme cannot exert the performance advantages of the fuel cell, is basically more biased to the pure electric vehicle type, and cannot solve the defects of poor low-temperature environment adaptability and the like of the pure electric vehicle type. Therefore, the energy management control strategy of the extended range is only suitable for urban buses and other vehicle types in partial scenes.
3. At present, a part of hydrogen fuel vehicle types apply a sectional type energy management control strategy with different power points, namely the power of a fuel cell is divided into 3-5 power points, and constant power output is carried out according to different SOCs of the power cell. Although the problems of the power following type control strategy and the extended-range control strategy are improved to a certain extent, the method is equivalent to the combination of the two strategies. However, the power adaptability is poor, and the power output cannot be timely adjusted according to the working condition requirement of the whole vehicle, so that the service lives of the fuel cell and the power cell are influenced by the overcharge and the overdischarge of the power cell. Meanwhile, the power output of the fuel cell cannot respond to the power demand of the whole vehicle in time, and is adjusted in time according to the working condition of the whole vehicle, so that the fuel cell works in a low-efficiency zone, and the problem of increased power consumption and energy consumption of the whole vehicle is caused. Particularly, under the power architecture that the power of the fuel cell is continuously increased and the power of the power cell is continuously reduced, the matching control difficulty between the high-power fuel cell and the power cell is continuously increased, and the problems of overcharging, overcurrent and the like of the power cell are easily caused.
Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides an energy management control method and device for a vehicle, a vehicle controller and the vehicle, wherein the final target output power of a hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power battery SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information, so that the final target output power can be matched with the power battery performance, and the requirement of whole vehicle energy control can be met.
The following describes an energy management control method and device for a vehicle, a vehicle controller and a vehicle according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle includes a hydrogen fuel cell 100 and a power cell 200.
Wherein the power cell 200 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 100, the hydrogen fuel cell 100 generates electric energy to charge the power cell 200, but the hydrogen fuel cell 100 cannot store electric energy, and the operation efficiency decreases with an increase in output power, the lifetime decreases with an increase in load change frequency, and the hydrogen consumption increases with an increase in load change frequency. The power battery 200 stores energy, and the power of the power battery 200 can be changed along with the power demand of the whole vehicle, so that the power battery has certain charge and discharge capacity and energy supplementing capacity.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an energy management control method of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s101, acquiring an SOC (State of Charge) of the power battery, and determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the SOC of the power battery.
Specifically, a first target output power corresponding to the SOC of the power battery is found from table one. It should be noted that, in practical application, the first target output power corresponding to the SOC is not limited to the power in table one, and may be calibrated according to practical situations, and the density of the interval may be determined according to the capacity of the power battery and the power of the fuel battery, and may be divided into 8-15 gears, so as to ensure that under the normal working condition, the fuel battery will not have frequent load change of the power, that is, the duration of a single power point is not less than 3 minutes. The gear in the first table can be divided according to the rated power of the fuel cell, and hysteresis intervals of the power cell SOC are set so as to avoid frequent jump of the power of the fuel cell at the same power cell SOC point. In the hysteresis zone, the first target power of the fuel cell takes on a value according to lower power.
List one
| Power battery SOC (%) | First target output power (kw) | Remarks |
| ≥90 | Shutdown | N gear (neutral gear) or reverse gear, and the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 5km/h, the output power 40kw of the fuel cell is smaller than the first target output power. |
| 85-86 | 0 | N gear (neutral) or reverse, and the vehicle speed is 5 or less, the output power 40kw of the fuel cell is smaller than the first target output power. |
| 79-83 | 20 | N gear or reversing, and the speed is less than or equal to 5km/h, and the output power 40kw of the fuel cell is smaller than the first target output power. |
| 74-77 | 40 | N gear (neutral gear) or reverse gear, and the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 5km/h, the output power 40kw of the fuel cell is smaller than the first target output power. |
| 69-72 | 60 | |
| 64-67 | 75 | |
| 57-62 | 85 | |
| 52-55 | 95 | |
| 47-50 | 105 | |
| 40-45 | 115 | |
| 30-38 | 125 | |
| ＜28 | 130 |
As shown in table one, when the SOC of the power cell is between 85% and 90%, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is 0, if the hydrogen fuel cell has no 0 power point, the hydrogen fuel cell can be controlled to be turned off, and when the SOC of the power cell is greater than or equal to 90%, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to be turned off, so as to prevent the overcharge and overdischarge of the power cell. The lower the SOC of the power cell, the lower the remaining capacity of the power cell, and therefore, the higher the power output from the hydrogen fuel cell.
S102, determining the whole vehicle state information, and determining the second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information.
Specifically, the actual power of the whole vehicle can be calculated according to the driving power and the accessory power of the vehicle, then the output power of the vehicle can be determined according to the actual working condition of the vehicle or the temperature of the vehicle, and the first target output power close to the output power is searched from the first table according to different control strategies and is used as the second output power.
And S103, determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power.
Specifically, since the first target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery and the second target output power is determined according to the actual power of the whole vehicle, the final target output power can be matched with the performance of the power battery and can meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle.
In the above embodiment, the final target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery and the actual power of the whole vehicle, so that the final target output power can be matched with the performance of the power battery and can meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle; furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell can be adjusted according to the actual power of the whole vehicle, so that the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved, and the power consumption and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle are reduced.
In some embodiments, the vehicle state information includes an actual condition of the vehicle, wherein determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the vehicle state information, the first target output power, and the second target output power includes: and when the gear of the vehicle is neutral gear or reverse gear according to the actual working condition and the vehicle speed is smaller than or equal to a first preset vehicle speed threshold value, taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
Specifically, when the working condition of the whole vehicle is neutral gear or reverse gear and the vehicle speed is smaller than or equal to a first preset vehicle speed threshold value, the actual power of the whole vehicle is lower. Therefore, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell does not need to be excessively large, and therefore, the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power is taken as the final target output power.
In an alternative embodiment, when the gear of the vehicle is determined to be neutral or reverse according to the actual working condition, and the vehicle speed is less than or equal to the first preset vehicle speed threshold, the second target output power is 20% -30% of the hydrogen fuel cell.
For example, as shown in table one, when the working condition of the whole vehicle is neutral or reverse and the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 5km/h, the first target output power is determined according to the SOC of the power battery, if the SOC of the power battery is 80%, the first target output power is 20kw, the second target output power is 20% -30% of the hydrogen fuel battery, the second target output power is 40kw, and the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power is taken as the final target output power, so the final target output power is 20kw.
In this embodiment, when the vehicle speed is equal to or less than the first preset vehicle speed threshold value in the neutral gear or reverse gear working condition, the actual power of the whole vehicle is lower, and the hydrogen fuel cell does not need high-power output, so that the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power is used as the final target output power, and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is further reduced.
In some embodiments, determining the second target output power based on the vehicle state information includes: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to the first preset time according to the actual working condition, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, and determining the second target output power according to the actual power of the whole vehicle.
Specifically, the actual condition is a highway condition, when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to a first preset time, the vehicle is indicated to run on the highway, the actual power of the whole vehicle is calculated according to the driving power and the accessory power, the first target output power of one gear lower than the first target output power is searched from the first table, and the power is determined to be the second target output power.
For example, when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to 70km/h and the duration is greater than or equal to 3 minutes, the vehicle is under the expressway condition, the actual power of the whole vehicle is 100kw, and the first target output power of the first gear is found from the table one to be 95kw, so the second target output power is 95kw. If the actual power of the whole vehicle is 95kw, the second target output power is 95kw.
In the above embodiment, when the vehicle is in the expressway condition, the actual power of the whole vehicle is large, and the hydrogen fuel cell needs high power output, so the second target output power is the actual power of the whole vehicle.
In some embodiments, determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the vehicle state information, the first target output power, and the second target output power further comprises: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to a first preset time, taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
That is, when the whole vehicle is in the expressway working condition, the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power is used as the final target output power, so that the adjustment can be timely performed according to the power requirement of the vehicle, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is further improved.
Further, when the vehicle speed is less than or equal to a third preset vehicle speed threshold, the first target output power is taken as the final target output power. When the vehicle speed is less than or equal to a third preset vehicle speed threshold, the third preset vehicle speed threshold is less than a second vehicle speed threshold, such as 50km/h, indicating that the vehicle exits the expressway working condition, so that the actual power of the vehicle is reduced, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is not required to output larger power, and therefore the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is adjusted to the first target output power, so that the power consumption and the energy consumption of the vehicle are reduced.
In an alternative embodiment, the product of the predetermined percentage and the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell is taken as the final target output power when the hydrogen fuel cell is determined to be in a fault state according to the actual operating condition. If the hydrogen fuel cell is still in a fault state, a prompt message is sent to prompt the user of the fault of the hydrogen fuel cell. It should be noted that, the failure state indicates that the hydrogen fuel cell fails due to non-safety related reasons such as over-temperature, for example, the hydrogen fuel cell is operated for a long time with high power, and the predetermined percentage may be 20% -30%.
In some embodiments, the SOC of the power battery is divided into a low battery interval, a medium battery interval, and a high battery interval, wherein the method further comprises: when the SOC of the power battery is in a low battery interval, carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, upshifting according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine a second target output power, and taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power; when the SOC of the power battery is in a middle electric quantity interval, taking the first target output power as the final target output power; and when the SOC of the power battery is in a high electric quantity interval, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, performing downshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine a second target output power, and taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
Specifically, when the SOC of the power battery is in the low power section, for example, between 0 and 40%, because the remaining power of the power battery is less, the power of the vehicle is limited, the actual power of the whole vehicle may be determined to be 0.6 to 1 times of the normal power, then the first target output power of the upshift is searched from the table one according to the actual power of the whole vehicle as the second target output power, and a larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power is used as the final target output power.
When the SOC of the power battery is in the middle power range, for example, between 40% and 70%, the first target output power is taken as the final target output power because the remaining power of the power battery is in the middle gear.
When the SOC of the power battery is in a high power section, for example, between 70% and 85%, because the remaining power of the power battery is more, the power required to be output by the hydrogen fuel battery is smaller, the first target output power of the first gear is searched from the first table according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to be used as the second target output power, and the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power is used as the final target output power.
For example, when the SOC of the power battery is between 0-40%, the actual power of the whole vehicle is determined to be 0.6-1 times of the normal power, so as to output the limited power to the vehicle, for example, the actual power of the whole vehicle is 100kw, the first target output power of the upshift is 105kw, the second target output power is 105kw, the SOC of the power battery is 30%, the corresponding first target output power is 125kw, and the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power is 125kw, so the final target output power is 125kw. Further, when the SOC of the power battery is below 5%, the actual power of the whole vehicle is directly determined to be 0, and when the SOC of the power battery is between 5 and 40%, the power output of the vehicle is limited.
When the SOC of the power battery is between 40& -70%, the SOC of the power battery is 50%, and the first target output power is 105kw, and thus the final target output power is 105kw.
When the SOC of the power battery is between 70 and 85 percent, the actual power of the whole vehicle is 100kw, the first target output power of the first gear is 95kw, the second target output power is 95kw, the SOC of the power battery is 75 percent, the corresponding first target output power is 40kw, and the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power is 40kw, so the final target output power is 40kw.
In the above embodiment, different control strategies are set for different SOC electric quantity intervals, so that the output power of the fuel cell is further optimized, and the power consumption of the whole vehicle is further reduced.
In an alternative embodiment, when a user turns off a Vehicle EV (Electric Vehicle) switch, the Vehicle enters a pure Electric mode and the hydrogen fuel cell is shutdown purged. Then the EV switch is sprung, the vehicle enters FCV (Fuel CellVehicles, fuel cell car) hybrid mode, and the hydrogen fuel cell is turned on. In the hybrid mode, when the SOC of the power battery reaches 85%, the vehicle is switched to a pure electric mode; when the SOC of the power battery decreases to 70%, the vehicle switches to the FCV hybrid mode, taking the first target output power as the final target output power. The SOC of the power battery corresponding to the on-off state of the hydrogen fuel battery is generally different by more than 15%, so that the frequent on-off state of the hydrogen fuel battery is avoided.
In some embodiments, the vehicle status information further includes a power cell temperature, wherein after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further comprises: and carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle according to the temperature of the power battery.
It will be appreciated that when the power battery temperature is too high, if the power of the vehicle is too high, the temperature of the power battery will continue to rise, resulting in the power battery being over-heated, thereby shortening the life of the power battery, and therefore, the power output of the vehicle needs to be limited according to the power battery temperature.
For example, the highest temperature of the power battery is 45 ℃, when the temperature of the power battery exceeds 45 ℃, the power of the whole vehicle is reduced, the temperature of the power battery is from 45 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the output power coefficient of the vehicle is reduced from 1 to 0.5 times.
In some embodiments, after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further comprises: an allowable charge power of the power cell is determined, and a final target output power is limited according to the allowable charge power.
That is, the final target output power is equal to or less than the allowable charge power, and if the final target output power is greater than the allowable charge power, the power battery may be overcharged, shortening the life of the power battery.
In practical applications, the allowable charging power includes a continuous allowable charging power and a peak allowable charging power, and the final target output power may be limited according to the continuous allowable charging power or may be limited according to a predetermined multiple of the peak allowable charging power, for example, 0.8 times.
In the above embodiment, the final target output power is limited below the allowable charging power of the power battery, so that the overcharge of the power battery by the hydrogen fuel battery can be avoided, and the service life of the power battery is further prolonged.
Further, the rate of change of the final target output power is equal to or less than the allowable load rate of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the load-reducing rate of the final target output power is greater than the allowable charge power load-reducing rate of the power cell, so as to avoid overcharging. In practical applications, the loading rate can be controlled to be increased by 10% -50% per second, and the unloading rate can be controlled to be decreased by 20% -80% per second.
In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle energy recovery power is less than a recovery power threshold, which is the allowable charge power of the power battery minus the final target output power, wherein the allowable charge power may be any of the following: continuously allowable charging power, peak allowable charging power, or 0.8 times peak allowable charging power.
In another alternative embodiment, the control strategies described above have different priorities, and when a plurality of control strategies are satisfied, the control strategies are executed in the following order of priority:
first priority: the EV switch controls the conversion of the FCV mode and the pure electric mode of the hydrogen fuel cell, and determines that the vehicle and the hydrogen fuel cell have no safety related faults;
second priority: the final target output power is less than or equal to the allowable power of the hydrogen fuel cell;
third priority: the final target output power is less than or equal to the allowable charge power (continuous charge power, peak charge power, or peak charge power of 0.8 times) of the power battery;
fourth priority: the load reduction rate of the final target output power is greater than the allowable charging power load reduction rate of the power battery;
fifth priority: a control strategy for hydrogen fuel cell fault conditions;
sixth priority: determining a first target output power according to the SOC of the power battery, and taking the first target output power as a final target output power;
seventh priority: different control strategies of the SOC electric quantity intervals;
eighth priority: and (3) automatically recovering the normal whole vehicle mode after the failure disappears due to the non-safety related failure.
It should be noted that the above control strategies may be applied together on the same vehicle to form a complete energy management control strategy, or a main part of the control strategies may be selected as the energy management control strategy, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In summary, according to the energy management control method of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention, the first target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery, the second target output power is determined according to the state of the whole vehicle, the final target output power is obtained according to the performance of the power battery and the state information of the whole vehicle, and the fuel battery can not only be matched with the performance of the power battery according to the final target output power, but also meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle; furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell can be adjusted according to the actual power of the whole vehicle, so that the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved, and the power consumption and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle are reduced. In addition, the power consumption loss and service life attenuation caused by the load variation of the fuel cell can be reduced, meanwhile, the SOC of the power cell is kept relatively stable under different running condition scenes of the vehicle, the overcharge and the overdischarge are avoided, meanwhile, the energy variation charge and discharge frequency of the power cell is reduced, and the service life of the power cell is prolonged.
Corresponding to the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle controller. As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle controller 300 includes a memory 310, a processor 320, and an energy management control program of the vehicle stored in the memory 310 and operable on the processor 320, and when the processor 320 executes the energy management control program of the vehicle, the energy management control method of the vehicle of any of the foregoing embodiments is implemented.
According to the vehicle controller provided by the embodiment of the invention, the processor executes the computer program for controlling the energy management of the vehicle, and the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power battery SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information, so that the final target output power can be matched with the power battery performance, and the requirement of controlling the energy of the whole vehicle can be met.
Corresponding to the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an energy management control device of a vehicle. Vehicles include hydrogen fuel cells and power cells. As shown in fig. 4, the energy management control device of the vehicle includes: the system comprises an acquisition module 10, a first determination module 20, a second determination module 30 and a control module 40.
Wherein, the acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring the SOC of the power battery; the first determination module 20 is configured to determine a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the SOC of the power cell; the second determining module 30 is configured to determine vehicle status information, and determine a second target output power according to the vehicle status information; the control module 40 is configured to determine a final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power.
In some embodiments, the vehicle status information includes an actual condition of the vehicle, wherein the control module 40 is further configured to: and when the gear of the vehicle is neutral gear or reverse gear according to the actual working condition and the vehicle speed is smaller than or equal to a first preset vehicle speed threshold value, taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
In some embodiments, the second determination module 30 is further to: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to the first preset time according to the actual working condition, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, and determining the second target output power according to the actual power of the whole vehicle.
In some embodiments, the control module 40 is further configured to: and when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a second preset vehicle speed threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to a first preset time, taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
In some embodiments, the SOC of the power battery is divided into a low battery interval, a medium battery interval, and a high battery interval, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a first control module, a second control module and a third control module. The first control module is used for carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle when the SOC of the power battery is in a low battery interval, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, carrying out upshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine a second target output power, and taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as a final target output power; the second control module is used for taking the first target output power as the final target output power when the SOC of the power battery is in a middle electric quantity interval; and the third control module is used for determining the actual power of the whole vehicle when the SOC of the power battery is in a high electric quantity interval, performing downshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine the second target output power, and taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
In some embodiments, the vehicle status information further includes a power battery temperature, wherein the apparatus further includes: and the first limiting module is used for limiting the power output of the vehicle according to the temperature of the power battery after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: and the second limiting module is used for determining the allowable charging power of the power battery after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery, and limiting the final target output power according to the allowable charging power.
It should be noted that, the specific implementation manner of the energy management control device for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the specific implementation manner of the energy management control method for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
According to the energy management control device for the vehicle, the first target output power is determined according to the performance of the power battery, the second target output power is determined according to the state of the whole vehicle, the final target output power is obtained according to the performance of the power battery and the state information of the whole vehicle, and the fuel battery can be matched with the performance of the power battery according to the final target output power and can meet the requirement of energy control of the whole vehicle.
Corresponding to the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle. As shown in fig. 5, the vehicle 500 includes the energy management control device 400 of the vehicle described above.
According to the vehicle disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power determined based on the power battery SOC and the second target output power determined based on the whole vehicle state information by adopting the energy management control device of the vehicle, so that the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell can be matched with the power battery performance, and the requirement of whole vehicle energy control can be met.
It should be noted that the logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered as a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in embodiments of the present invention, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or as implying any particular number of features in the present embodiment. Thus, a feature of an embodiment of the invention that is defined by terms such as "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly indicate that at least one such feature is included in the embodiment. In the description of the present invention, the word "plurality" means at least two or more, for example, two, three, four, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise in the embodiments.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy management control method of a vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle includes a hydrogen fuel cell and a power cell, the method comprising:
acquiring the SOC of the power battery, and determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel battery according to the SOC of the power battery;
Determining the whole vehicle state information, and determining a second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information;
determining final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power;
the SOC of the power battery is divided into a low-power interval, a medium-power interval and a high-power interval, wherein the method further comprises:
when the SOC of the power battery is in the low-power interval, the power of the vehicle is limited, the actual power of the whole vehicle is determined, upshift is performed according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine the second target output power, and the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power is used as the final target output power;
when the SOC of the power battery is in the middle electric quantity interval, the first target output power is taken as the final target output power;
and when the SOC of the power battery is in the high electric quantity interval, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, performing downshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine the second target output power, and taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
2. The energy management control method of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire vehicle state information further includes a power cell temperature, wherein after determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further includes:
and carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle according to the temperature of the power battery.
3. The energy management control method of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that after determining a final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the method further comprises:
and determining the allowable charging power of the power battery, and limiting the final target output power according to the allowable charging power.
4. A vehicle controller comprising a memory, a processor and an energy management control program of a vehicle stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the processor implementing the energy management control method of a vehicle of any one of claims 1-3 when executing the energy management control program of the vehicle.
5. An energy management control device of a vehicle, the vehicle including a hydrogen fuel cell and a power cell, the device comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the SOC of the power battery;
a first determination module for determining a first target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the SOC of the power cell;
the second determining module is used for determining the whole vehicle state information and determining second target output power according to the whole vehicle state information;
the control module is used for determining the final target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the whole vehicle state information, the first target output power and the second target output power;
the SOC of the power battery is divided into a low power interval, a medium power interval and a high power interval, wherein the device further includes:
the first control module is used for carrying out power limiting output on the vehicle when the SOC of the power battery is in the low-power interval, determining the actual power of the whole vehicle, carrying out upshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine the second target output power, and taking the larger value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power;
the second control module is used for taking the first target output power as the final target output power when the SOC of the power battery is in the middle electric quantity interval;
And the third control module is used for determining the actual power of the whole vehicle when the SOC of the power battery is in the high electric quantity interval, performing downshift according to the actual power of the whole vehicle to determine the second target output power, and taking the smaller value of the first target output power and the second target output power as the final target output power.
6. A vehicle characterized by comprising the energy management control device of a vehicle according to claim 5.
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