CN116058239A - Method for pruning and increasing yield of typha gigantea - Google Patents
Method for pruning and increasing yield of typha gigantea Download PDFInfo
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- CN116058239A CN116058239A CN202211478710.6A CN202211478710A CN116058239A CN 116058239 A CN116058239 A CN 116058239A CN 202211478710 A CN202211478710 A CN 202211478710A CN 116058239 A CN116058239 A CN 116058239A
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- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-OUBTZVSYSA-N Ammonia-15N Chemical group [15NH3] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 ganic Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219104 Cucurbitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010036067 polydipsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a method for pruning and producing typha by using a melon, which comprises the following steps: step 1, fertilizing the planted field blocks according to soil, step 2, after deep turning of the fertilizer, raking and leveling the ground, step 3, ridging and planting, step 4, erecting after field planting, and step 5, managing after planting; the main vines are only used as growing vines by trimming the vines of the cattail melons, the vines are not planted, enough nutrients are kept for the plants to supply the lateral branches to the cattail melons, the cattail melons can effectively prolong the growing period and the harvesting period to 60-70 days, the lateral branches are used as fruiting branches, the quantity of the fruiting branches is increased, 2 lateral branches are planted in each lateral branch from the traditional main vines to 7 lateral branches in the method, the yield of each plant is 10-14, and the yield of each plant is 20-28 jin calculated according to 1000 g/g of commodity melon, and 2000-28000 jin of yield per mu.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a method for pruning and producing typha.
Background
The cattail is a common melon vegetable in China, belongs to cucurbitaceae and pumpkin family, and has the effects of clearing away heart-fire, moistening heart and lung, relieving polydipsia, promoting urination, relieving swelling, treating stranguria, resolving hard mass and the like. The traditional soil cultivation has low dish yield, poor quality and the like.
For example, chinese patent No. 201310600402.0 discloses a soilless culture substrate for a melon and a soilless culture method thereof, wherein the soilless culture substrate for the melon comprises the following components: 220-260 parts of farmyard manure, 380-420 parts of straw, 300-400 parts of melon seedling, 100-120 parts of bean hull powder, 45-55 parts of urea, 30-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-60 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4-6 parts of straw rotten bacteria and 2-4 parts of bacillus licheniformis; the soilless culture method has extremely high cost, is not beneficial to large-area planting and popularization, and therefore, the method is highly required to improve the yield and quality of the typha sinensis on the basis of the traditional soil culture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the problems, the invention provides a method for pruning and producing the typha, which solves the problems of small output and poor quality of the typha cultivated in soil and is not beneficial to large-area planting and popularization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for pruning and producing a typha melon comprises the following steps:
step 1, applying 800kg-1000kg of marine algae microorganism organic bacterial fertilizer to each 666.7 square meter according to soil fertility condition, keeping soil humidity at 30-45%, applying 100 kg-150 kg of bio-organic fertilizer long-acting nitrogen 18% phosphorus 7% potassium 15% compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, and deeply ploughing the field by using a rotary cultivator for 30 cm-40 cm to fully mix the soil fertilizer;
step 2, after fertilization and deep turning, raking to level the ground, then ridging, making ridge surfaces with the width of 100cm and the height of 15 cm-20 cm, taking the ridge surfaces and the ridge surfaces as crosswalk with the distance of 40-45cm, reserving a V-shaped ditch with the height of 30 cm-40 cm in the middle of the ridge surfaces, making one end of the ditch slightly higher and the height of 10-15 degrees, preparing a film for under-mulch irrigation, and covering the whole ridge surfaces with mulching films;
step 3, punching a hole at two sides of the V-shaped ditch of the covered furrow surface according to 25 cm-30 cm, planting 2 rows of holes in the longitudinal direction of each furrow surface, pressing Pu Guamiao nutrition pot surfaces by hands with the hole and the hole being 80cm-100cm and the hole depth being 5cm-8cm, compacting the nutrition pot surfaces by hands slightly, so that the pot bottom is tightly contacted with soil around the hole bottom, and planting 1000-1200 plants per mu;
step 4, erecting after field planting, planting in open field, inserting a bamboo pole at the position of 8cm-10cm at the root of each plant of the typha gigantea by using a bamboo pole with the diameter of 3cm and the height of 2.5m, binding the bamboo pole to a herringbone frame, and binding melon and fruit climbing nets with the height consistent with that of the herringbone frame on two side surfaces of the herringbone frame after erecting the herringbone frame so as to facilitate climbing of Pu Guateng vines in the later stage;
and 5, managing after planting.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: post-planting management, comprising the following steps:
2.1, removing all side branches below 30cm on the main vines of the melon seedlings, pulling the main vines of the melon seedlings to climb a net when pruning the side branches, binding the main vines of the melon seedlings to bamboo poles inserted by each plant of seedlings, and reserving the climbing net on two sides of the main vines for climbing with the later side branches;
2.2, when the melon seedlings reach more than 30cm, retaining side branches, pulling the side branches to two sides of a main vine by the retained side branch melon, climbing the main vine, removing all female flowers on the main vine when the vine is tidied, allowing the main vine to grow freely upwards, retaining only female flower results on the side branches, and picking the core after the first side branch vine retains only one female flower;
2.3, after the first side branch is reserved, all the side branches differentiated on the main vines are reserved in sequence and used as melon branches. The second side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.4, pruning the first side branch from the main vines at the same time when the melon on the first side branch is picked, and pruning melon leaves on all main vines below the second side branch;
2.5, the third side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is plucked after the melon is seated, the main vines are pulled upwards continuously, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines grow upwards freely, and the side branches are pulled to two sides of the main vines to climb on the net;
2.6, the fourth side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is plucked after the melon is seated, the main vines are pulled upwards continuously, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines grow upwards freely, and the side branches are pulled to two sides of the main vines to climb on the net;
2.7, when the first melon on the second side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the core picking and clearing work of the side branch is carried out in time during field management, at the moment, the melon starts to enter into the full-yield period, the picking, core picking, vine leading and other works of commodity melon are carried out once every two days, when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, and all melon leaves below the third side branch on the main vine are trimmed; applying additional fertilizer when harvesting two melons on the second side branch, and applying 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is 20% of 7% potassium of 15% nitrogen and 7% phosphorus;
2.8, the fifth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after the melon is seated; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.9, when the first melon on the third side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the picking and the clearing of the side branch are needed to be carried out in time during the field management, the picking, the vine leading and the like of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, all melon leaves below the fourth side branch on the main vine are trimmed, when the picking of the third side branch is finished, additional fertilizer is applied, 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is nitrogen 15% and phosphorus 7% potassium 20%;
2.10, the sixth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after the melon is seated; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.11, when the first melon on the fourth side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the picking and the clearing of the side branch are needed to be carried out in time during the field management, the picking, the vine leading and the like of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, all melon leaves below the fifth side branch on the main vine are trimmed, when the fourth side branch is picked, additional fertilizer is applied, 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is nitrogen 15% and phosphorus 7% potassium 20%;
2.12, the seventh side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is removed after the melon is seated, at the moment, the main vines are also removed together, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines stop growing to supply all nutrition to the side branch melon, and the seventh side branch is pulled to the two sides of the main vines and is pulled to the climbing net;
2.13, when the first melon on the fifth side branch is picked, the new bud grown by pruning the side branch is paid attention to, when the field management is carried out, the core picking and the clearing work of the side branch are carried out in time, the picking, the core picking, the vine leading and other works of commodity melons are carried out every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is pruned from the main vine, and all melon leaves below the sixth side branch on the main vine are pruned. Applying additional fertilizer when the fifth side branch is picked, and applying 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is 20% of 7% potassium of 15% nitrogen and 7% phosphorus;
2.14, when the first melon on the sixth side branch is picked, paying attention to trimming the new buds growing on the side branch, timely picking and removing the main vines and the new buds of the side branch during field management, picking and removing the core, guiding the vines and the like of commodity melons every two days, trimming the side branch from the main vines when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, and trimming all melon leaves below the seventh side branch on the main vines; stopping topdressing after the sixth side branch is picked;
2.15, when picking the first melon on the seventh side branch, the new buds grown on the side branch are trimmed, when in field management, picking and removing the core of the new buds of the main vine and the side branch in time, picking and removing the core of commodity melon, guiding vine and the like every two days, and when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the top-cutting planting of the cattail melon is finished.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1, the organic bacterial fertilizer is organic fertilizer which is more than or equal to 40 percent, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, ca:5% of algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 500ppm, and alginic acid is more than or equal to 1000ppm.
Compared with the prior art, the method for pruning and producing the typha sinensis has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a method for pruning and producing the typha, which is different from the traditional method for planting the typha, and the invention adopts the main vine melon harvesting period that the typha can be topped and produced only for 35-40 days; 4-5 melons are planted in each plant, and the yield of each plant is 8-10 jin calculated according to 1000 g/each melon commodity, and the yield of each mu is 8000-10000 jin.
2. The invention provides a method for pruning and producing the cattail melon, which is characterized in that the main vines are only used as growing vines by trimming the vines of the cattail melon, the melon is not grown, enough nutrients are kept for plants to supply the lateral branches to the melon, the growth period and the harvesting period of the cattail melon can be effectively prolonged to 60-70 days, the lateral branches are used as fruiting branches, the number of the fruiting branches is increased, 7 lateral branches of the method are used as the fruiting branches from the traditional main vines, 2 per lateral branch, 10-14 per plant of the melon are grown, the single plant yield is 20-28 jin and the per mu yield is 2000-28000 jin calculated according to 1000 g/per commodity melon.
3. The method for pruning and producing the typha sinensis greatly improves the problems of small yield, poor quality and the like of the typha sinensis cultivated in soil, is suitable for large-area planting and popularization, and increases social and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following detailed description. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides a method for pruning and producing the typha sinensis, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, applying 800kg-1000kg of marine double algae microorganism organic bacterial fertilizer (the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 40%, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, ca is 5 percent, algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 500ppm, alginic acid is more than or equal to 1000 ppm) per 666.7 square meters of soil fertility condition of planted field blocks, keeping soil humidity at 30-45%, applying 100 kg-150 kg of composite fertilizer with the content of 5 percent of 15 percent of long-acting nitrogen 18 percent and 7 percent of phosphorus and potassium of ten percent plant No. 1 bio-organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, ploughing the field blocks deeply by 30 cm-40 cm by using a rotary cultivator, and fully and uniformly stirring and mixing the soil fertilizer;
step 2, after fertilization and deep turning, raking to level the ground, then ridging, making ridge surfaces with the width of 100cm and the height of 15 cm-20 cm, taking the ridge surfaces and the ridge surfaces as crosswalk with the distance of 40-45cm, reserving a V-shaped ditch with the height of 30 cm-40 cm in the middle of the ridge surfaces, making one end of the ditch slightly higher and the height of 10-15 degrees, preparing a film for under-mulch irrigation, and covering the whole ridge surfaces with mulching films;
step 3, punching a hole at two sides of the V-shaped ditch of the covered furrow surface according to 25 cm-30 cm, planting 2 rows of holes in the longitudinal direction of each furrow surface, pressing Pu Guamiao nutrition pot surfaces by hands with the hole and the hole being 80cm-100cm and the hole depth being 5cm-8cm, compacting the nutrition pot surfaces by hands slightly, so that the pot bottom is tightly contacted with soil around the hole bottom, and planting 1000-1200 plants per mu;
step 4, erecting after field planting: planting in open field, inserting a bamboo pole at the position of 8cm-10cm of the root of each plant of melon by using a bamboo pole with the diameter of 3cm and the height of 2.5m, and binding the bamboo poles into a herringbone frame. After the herringbone frame is built, melon and fruit climbing nets with the height identical to that of the herringbone frame are tied on two side surfaces of the herringbone frame, so that the climbing of the Pu Guateng vines in the later period is facilitated;
step 5, post-planting management, comprising the following steps:
(1) Removing all side branches below 30cm on the main vines of the melon seedlings, pulling the main vines of the melon seedlings to climb a net when pruning the side branches, binding the main vines of the melon seedlings to bamboo poles inserted by each plant of seedlings, and reserving climbing nets on two sides of the main vines for climbing with the later side branches;
(2) When the melon seedlings reach more than 30cm, the reserved side branches are reserved, the reserved side branches are used for forming melon, the side branches are pulled to the two sides of the main vines and are on a climbing net, all female flowers on the main vines are removed when the vines are tidied, the main vines grow upwards freely, and only female flower results on the side branches are reserved. The first side branch vine leaves only one female flower, and the core is picked after the melon is seated;
(3) After the first side branch is reserved, all the side branches differentiated on the main vines are reserved in sequence and used as melon branches. The second side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
(4) When the melons on the first side branch are picked, the first side branch is trimmed from the main vines at the same time, and the melon leaves on all main vines below the second side branch are trimmed;
(5) The third side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
(6) The fourth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
(7) The new buds grown by pruning the side branches are paid attention to when the first melon on the second side branch is picked, the core picking and the clearing work of the side branches are needed to be carried out in time during field management, at the moment, the melon starts to enter a full-delivery period, the picking, the core picking, the vine leading and other works of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, the side branches are pruned from a main vine when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, all melon leaves below the third side branch on the main vine are pruned, additional fertilizer is applied when the two melons on the second side branch are picked, and 15kg of ten thousand planting No. 1 organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer (nitrogen 15% phosphorus 7% potassium 20%) is applied per mu;
(8) The fifth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
(9) When the first melon on the third side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the picking and removing work of the side branch is needed to be carried out in time during field management, the picking and removing work of commodity melons, the picking and removing work of the side branch, the picking and removing work of the vine and the like are needed to be carried out once every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, and all melon leaves below the fourth side branch on the main vine are trimmed. Applying additional fertilizer when the third lateral branches are picked, and applying 15kg of ten thousand plant No. 1 organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer (nitrogen 15% phosphorus 7% potassium 20%) per mu;
(10) The sixth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
(11) When the first melon on the fourth side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is pruned, the picking and the clearing of the side branch are carried out in time during the field management, the picking and the picking of commodity melons, the picking of the side branch, the picking of the vine and the like are carried out every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is pruned from the main vine, all melon leaves below the fifth side branch on the main vine are pruned, additional fertilizer is applied when the picking of the fourth side branch is finished, and 15kg of ten thousand plant No. 1 organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer (nitrogen 15 percent phosphorus 7 percent potassium 20 percent) is applied per mu;
(12) The seventh side branch is reserved with two female flowers, the core is picked after the melon is seated, at the moment, the main vines are also picked together, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines stop growing to supply all nutrition to the side branch melon, and the seventh side branch is pulled to the two sides of the main vines and is pulled to the climbing net;
(13) When picking the first melon on the fifth side branch, paying attention to pruning new buds grown by the side branch, carrying out picking and clearing work of the side branch in time during field management, picking and clearing work of commodity melons every two days, pruning the side branch from a main vine when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, and pruning all melon leaves below the sixth side branch on the main vine. Applying additional fertilizer when the fifth lateral branch is picked, and applying 15kg of ten thousand plant No. 1 organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer (nitrogen 15% phosphorus 7% potassium 20%) per mu;
(14) When the first melon on the sixth side branch is picked, the new buds grown by the side branch are pruned, the picking and the removal of the core of the main vine and the new buds of the side branch are needed to be carried out in time during the field management, the picking, the core picking, the vine leading and other works of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the side branch is pruned from the main vine and all melon leaves below the seventh side branch on the main vine are pruned; stopping topdressing after the sixth side branch is picked;
(15) When picking the first melon on the seventh side branch, the new buds grown by pruning the side branch are paid attention to, when in field management, picking and removing the core of the new buds of the main vine and the side branch, picking and removing the core, guiding the vine and the like of commodity melon once every two days, and when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the top of the cattail melon is cut, and the planting is finished.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for pruning and producing a typha melon is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, applying 800kg-1000kg of marine algae microorganism organic bacterial fertilizer to each 666.7 square meter according to soil fertility condition, keeping soil humidity at 30-45%, applying 100 kg-150 kg of bio-organic fertilizer long-acting nitrogen 18% phosphorus 7% potassium 15% compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, and deeply ploughing the field by using a rotary cultivator for 30 cm-40 cm to fully mix the soil fertilizer;
step 2, after fertilization and deep turning, raking to level the ground, then ridging, making ridge surfaces with the width of 100cm and the height of 15 cm-20 cm, taking the ridge surfaces and the ridge surfaces as crosswalk with the distance of 40-45cm, reserving a V-shaped ditch with the height of 30 cm-40 cm in the middle of the ridge surfaces, making one end of the ditch slightly higher and the height of 10-15 degrees, preparing a film for under-mulch irrigation, and covering the whole ridge surfaces with mulching films;
step 3, punching a hole at two sides of the V-shaped ditch of the covered furrow surface according to 25 cm-30 cm, planting 2 rows of holes in the longitudinal direction of each furrow surface, pressing Pu Guamiao nutrition pot surfaces by hands with the hole and the hole being 80cm-100cm and the hole depth being 5cm-8cm, compacting the nutrition pot surfaces by hands slightly, so that the pot bottom is tightly contacted with soil around the hole bottom, and planting 1000-1200 plants per mu;
step 4, erecting after field planting, planting in open field, inserting a bamboo pole at the position of 8cm-10cm at the root of each plant of the typha gigantea by using a bamboo pole with the diameter of 3cm and the height of 2.5m, binding the bamboo pole to a herringbone frame, and binding melon and fruit climbing nets with the height consistent with that of the herringbone frame on two side surfaces of the herringbone frame after erecting the herringbone frame so as to facilitate climbing of Pu Guateng vines in the later stage;
and 5, managing after planting.
2. The method for pruning and producing the cattail melon according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step 5, post-planting management, comprising the steps of:
2.1, removing all side branches below 30cm on the main vines of the melon seedlings, pulling the main vines of the melon seedlings to climb a net when pruning the side branches, binding the main vines of the melon seedlings to bamboo poles inserted by each plant of seedlings, and reserving the climbing net on two sides of the main vines for climbing with the later side branches;
2.2, when the melon seedlings reach more than 30cm, retaining side branches, pulling the side branches to two sides of a main vine by the retained side branch melon, climbing the main vine, removing all female flowers on the main vine when the vine is tidied, allowing the main vine to grow freely upwards, retaining only female flower results on the side branches, and picking the core after the first side branch vine retains only one female flower;
2.3, after the first side branch is reserved, all the side branches differentiated on the main vines are reserved in sequence and used as melon branches. The second side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after melon sitting; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.4, pruning the first side branch from the main vines at the same time when the melon on the first side branch is picked, and pruning melon leaves on all main vines below the second side branch;
2.5, the third side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is plucked after the melon is seated, the main vines are pulled upwards continuously, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines grow upwards freely, and the side branches are pulled to two sides of the main vines to climb on the net;
2.6, the fourth side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is plucked after the melon is seated, the main vines are pulled upwards continuously, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines grow upwards freely, and the side branches are pulled to two sides of the main vines to climb on the net;
2.7, when the first melon on the second side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the core picking and clearing work of the side branch is carried out in time during field management, at the moment, the melon starts to enter into the full-yield period, the picking, core picking, vine leading and other works of commodity melon are carried out once every two days, when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, and all melon leaves below the third side branch on the main vine are trimmed; applying additional fertilizer when harvesting two melons on the second side branch, and applying 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is 20% of 7% potassium of 15% nitrogen and 7% phosphorus;
2.8, the fifth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after the melon is seated; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.9, when the first melon on the third side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the picking and the clearing of the side branch are needed to be carried out in time during the field management, the picking, the vine leading and the like of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, all melon leaves below the fourth side branch on the main vine are trimmed, when the picking of the third side branch is finished, additional fertilizer is applied, 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is nitrogen 15% and phosphorus 7% potassium 20%;
2.10, the sixth side branch retains two female flowers and is picked after the melon is seated; continuously pulling the main vines upwards, removing all female flowers on the main vines, allowing the main vines to grow upwards freely, and pulling the side branches to the two sides of the main vines to climb on a climbing net;
2.11, when the first melon on the fourth side branch is picked, the new bud grown by the side branch is trimmed, the picking and the clearing of the side branch are needed to be carried out in time during the field management, the picking, the vine leading and the like of commodity melons are needed to be carried out once every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is trimmed from the main vine, all melon leaves below the fifth side branch on the main vine are trimmed, when the fourth side branch is picked, additional fertilizer is applied, 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is nitrogen 15% and phosphorus 7% potassium 20%;
2.12, the seventh side branch keeps two female flowers, the core is removed after the melon is seated, at the moment, the main vines are also removed together, all female flowers on the main vines are removed, the main vines stop growing to supply all nutrition to the side branch melon, and the seventh side branch is pulled to the two sides of the main vines and is pulled to the climbing net;
2.13, when the first melon on the fifth side branch is picked, the new bud grown by pruning the side branch is paid attention to, when the field management is carried out, the core picking and the clearing work of the side branch are carried out in time, the picking, the core picking, the vine leading and other works of commodity melons are carried out every two days, when the two melons on the side branch are all picked, the side branch is pruned from the main vine, and all melon leaves below the sixth side branch on the main vine are pruned. Applying additional fertilizer when the fifth side branch is picked, and applying 15kg of organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the organic biological long-acting compound fertilizer is 20% of 7% potassium of 15% nitrogen and 7% phosphorus;
2.14, when the first melon on the sixth side branch is picked, paying attention to trimming the new buds growing on the side branch, timely picking and removing the main vines and the new buds of the side branch during field management, picking and removing the core, guiding the vines and the like of commodity melons every two days, trimming the side branch from the main vines when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, and trimming all melon leaves below the seventh side branch on the main vines; stopping topdressing after the sixth side branch is picked;
2.15, when picking the first melon on the seventh side branch, the new buds grown on the side branch are trimmed, when in field management, picking and removing the core of the new buds of the main vine and the side branch in time, picking and removing the core of commodity melon, guiding vine and the like every two days, and when all the two melons on the side branch are picked, the top-cutting planting of the cattail melon is finished.
3. The method for pruning and producing the cattail melon according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step 1, the organic bacterial fertilizer is organic fertilizer which is more than or equal to 40 percent, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, ca:5% of algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 500ppm, and alginic acid is more than or equal to 1000ppm.
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