CN115956481A - Hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated quickly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated quickly and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hypsizygus marmoreus culture, in particular to a quick rehydration hypsizygus marmoreus and a preparation method thereof, wherein the number of a hypsizygus marmoreus strain is SHBCCD83110 which is a non-model strain, the strain adopts a culture medium of comprehensive potatoes, and the components of the culture medium are 18-21% of potato juice 08-12L, glucose 18.5-21.5g and KH 2 PO 4 2.8‑3.2g、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O1.3-17g, thiamine 0.05-0.08g and agar 12-17g; in the process of culturing the strain, the method can control the condition factors such as nutrition, culture material formula, inoculation spawn running, temperature, moisture and the like in the culture process, so that the strain grows smoothly, the growth period is short, the production cost is low, and the method is favorable for large scale productionThe scale production adopts heat pump stoving dehumidification technique simultaneously at the in-process of stoving hypsizygus marmoreus to steam is discharged at stoving in-process, makes the hypsizygus marmoreus keep the pleating fixed, and upright setting keeps the temperature moreover, makes finished product hypsizygus marmoreus bright in color and luster, and the taste is good, thereby promotes the quality of finished product hypsizygus marmoreus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hypsizigus marmoreus cultivation, in particular to a quick rehydration hypsizigus marmoreus and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hypsizigus marmoreus, named Hypsizigus marmoreus, belongs to the subphylum Basidiomycotina, class Hymenomycetes, order Agaricales, family Tricholomataceae, family Lyophyllum, genus Hypsizigus. The artificial cultivation of hypsizigus marmoreus begins in japan in 1972, and the yield of the hypsizigus marmoreus is doubled in recent 10 years, and thus the hypsizigus marmoreus is the second most important variety than shiitake mushrooms and flammulina velutipes. Hypsizigus marmoreus is introduced into China for cultivation in the 80 th generation, and two strains, namely light gray strain and light white strain, are mainly used. Wherein the grey line is generally called as crab-flavor mushroom, the white line is generally called as white beech mushroom, and the taste and the nutrient content of the two lines are not greatly different except the appearance and the color.
In the processing process of the hypsizigus marmoreus, a small amount of auxiliary materials such as rice bran, wheat bran, soybean hull, cottonseed cake, corn flour and the like are added, so that the yield per unit can be improved. The hypsizigus marmoreus has the temperature-changing fructification characteristic at the temperature as the flammulina velutipes, the pholiota nameko, the shiitake mushrooms, the oyster mushrooms and the like. The hypsizigus marmoreus grows for 30-45 days, the mycelium matures to have fruiting capacity for 30-60 days, the mushroom bud differentiation needs 7-12 days, and the fruiting body grows for about 5-7 days. The time control should be properly flexible according to different strains and temperatures. Careful observation and timely control are key to success and failure of cultivation and high quality, the hypsizigus marmoreus is harvested and dried to obtain a finished product of the hypsizigus marmoreus, but the cultivation method of the hypsizigus marmoreus in the prior art has some problems in management aspects of nutrition, culture material formula, inoculation spawn running, temperature and the like, the spawn is easy to pollute and cannot grow smoothly, the production period is long, the product price is high, large-scale production is not facilitated, meanwhile, in the drying process, the adopted technology cannot discharge steam timely, the pleated sheet is not fixed, the straight setting is not realized, the overtemperature is easy to occur, the pleated sheet of a mushroom body falls down to damage the shape of the mushroom, the color and luster become black, and the commodity value is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quick rehydration hypsizygus marmoreus and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a rapidly rehydrating Hypsizygus marmoreus strain numbered SHBCCD83110, which is a nonmodal strain, uses a culture mediumThe culture medium is composed of 18-21% of potato juice 08-12L, glucose 18.5-21.5g, and KH 2 PO 4 2.8-3.2g、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O1.3-17g, thiamine 0.05-0.08g and agar 12-17g.
A preparation method of quick rehydration hypsizigus marmoreus comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a culture medium, namely filling the prepared culture medium into a culture bottle, sealing the culture bottle, putting the culture bottle into an autoclave for sterilization at the temperature of 120-125 ℃, putting the selected bacterial strain into a sterile super-clean workbench for mashing, putting the mashed bacterial strain into sterile water, washing and standing for 0.5-1.5h to obtain a supernatant of the solid bacterial strain, and obtaining the supernatant of the bacterial strain;
s2, placing the sterilized culture medium in a vacuum environment for natural cooling, taking out the culture medium when the temperature of the culture medium is 20-24 ℃, adding the supernatant of the solid strain, transferring the culture medium after the strain is added into a shaking table in a laboratory, culturing under the condition of light shielding, transferring the liquid second-generation strain into a fermentation tank filled with a culture solution after culturing for 4-6 days in the shaking table, wherein the temperature of the fermentation tank is 20-22 ℃, and the ventilation rate is 1.2-1.7m 3 Culturing for 8-10 days to form three generations of strains;
s3, inoculating the third-generation strains of the fermentation tank into a culture bottle through a liquid inoculation machine, controlling the inoculation amount to be 30-35g, transferring the inoculated culture bottle to a culture room, culturing for 85-95 days under the dark condition, properly introducing fresh air in the culture process, culturing at the temperature of 22-24 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85%, scratching, washing and adding water, mechanically scratching and washing the bacteria after hypha in the culture bottle is full, removing an aged bacteria layer, performing bud forcing and fruiting, and harvesting when the cap of hypsizigus marmoreus grows to 2.5-4 cm;
s4, cleaning collected hypsizygus marmoreus with clear water, airing the hypsizygus marmoreus in a ventilated place or in the sun for 2 hours for later use, transferring the hypsizygus marmoreus to a heat pump drying dehumidifier, controlling the starting point temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in sunny days to be 37-40 ℃, controlling the drying temperature of the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in rainy days to be 33-35 ℃, after heating the hypsizygus marmoreus body, evaporating a large amount of surface water, removing steam by discharging a large amount of moisture to keep the pleat fixed and upright shape, then stopping heating, and stabilizing the temperature for 3.5-4.5 hours when the temperature is gradually reduced to 24-27 ℃ by natural cooling;
and S5, starting from 26 ℃, heating at the speed of 2-3 ℃/h, adjusting the relative humidity to 10% in time by a temperature control and humidity elimination method, maintaining for 6-8h, keeping the constant temperature when the temperature is slowly increased to 51 ℃ to ensure that the pleated sheet is upright and the color is fixed, keeping the constant temperature for 6-8h, then increasing the temperature to 60 ℃, taking out a drying sieve to dry for 2h when the mushroom product is dried to eight dry, then continuously baking and re-baking until the dryness meets the requirement, and thus obtaining the finished product of the hypsizygus marmoreus.
Preferably, in step S1, the preparation of the culture solution comprises:
step S1.1, peeling clean fresh potatoes, cutting the potatoes into small pieces, weighing 180-210g of the small pieces, mashing the small pieces, adding 1000mL of water, and boiling;
and S1.2, after boiling for 20-30min, filtering and removing residues by using clean gauze, collecting juice, adding glucose, KH2PO4, mgSO4.7H2O, thiamine and agar, supplementing water to a constant volume of 1000ml, and finally adjusting the pH to 5.0-6.0 by using a NaOh aqueous solution to obtain the culture medium.
Preferably, in the step S1, the pressure of the autoclave is controlled to be 100-105kPa, and the sterilization time is maintained to be 18-30min.
Preferably, in step S2, the rotation speed of the laboratory shaker is 130-160r/min, and the humidity is maintained at 60-70%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the culture solution in the fermentation tank contains white sugar 24-26g, soybean meal 3.5-4.5g, corn flour 2.6-3.2g, and MgSO 4 0.8-1.2g、KH 2 PO 4 0.7-1.2g and 0.6-0.8ml of organic silicon defoamer.
Preferably, in the step S2, before the fermentation tank is inoculated, high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization is carried out at 110-115 ℃, and after the sterilization is finished, the temperature is reduced to 20-22 ℃ by air shower.
Preferably, in the step S3, CO in the culture environment 2 The concentration is controlled to be 3000-4000 mg.L -1 。
Preferably, in the step S3, the temperature in the bud forcing process is controlled at 14-15 ℃, the relative humidity is 98%, and the bud forcing time lasts for 7-9 days.
Preferably, in the step S5, the positions of the upper and lower mushroom sieves are adjusted to keep the drying degrees consistent and the whole mushroom sieves are dried in the process of keeping the constant temperature for 6-8 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method can control the condition factors of nutrition, culture material formula, inoculation spawn running, temperature, moisture and the like in the culture process to enable the strains to grow smoothly, has short growth period and low production cost, is beneficial to large-scale production, and adopts a heat pump drying and dehumidifying technology in the process of drying the hypsizigus marmoreus to discharge steam in the drying process to enable the hypsizigus marmoreus to keep the pleating fixed and upright and shape, and keeps the temperature of the temperature to enable the finished product hypsizigus marmoreus to be bright in color and good in taste, thereby improving the quality of the finished product hypsizigus marmoreus.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of quick rehydration hypsizigus marmoreus comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a culture medium, namely filling the prepared culture medium into a culture bottle, sealing the culture bottle, putting the culture bottle into an autoclave for sterilization at 120 ℃, putting the selected bacterial strain into a sterile super-clean workbench for mashing, putting the mashed bacterial strain into sterile water, washing and standing for 0.5h to obtain a supernatant of a solid bacterial strain, and obtaining the supernatant of the bacterial strain;
the preparation steps of the culture solution are as follows:
step S1.1, peeling clean fresh potatoes, cutting the potatoes into small pieces, weighing 180g of the small pieces, smashing the small pieces, adding 1000mL of water, and boiling;
step S1.2, after boiling for 20min, filtering and removing slag by using clean gauze, collecting juice, adding glucose, KH2PO4, mgSO4.7H2O, thiamine and agar, supplementing water and fixing the volume to 1000ml, and finally adjusting the pH to 5.0 by using a NaOh aqueous solution to obtain a culture medium;
s2, placing the sterilized culture medium in a vacuum environment for natural cooling, taking out the culture medium when the temperature of the culture medium is 20 ℃, adding the supernatant of the solid strain, transferring the culture medium after the strain is added into a laboratory shaking table, culturing under the condition of light shielding, wherein the rotating speed in the laboratory shaking table is 130r/min, the humidity is kept at 60%, transferring the liquid second-generation strain into a fermentation tank filled with culture solution after culturing for 4 days in the shaking table, wherein the temperature of the fermentation tank is 20 ℃, and the ventilation volume is 1.2m 3 Culturing for 8 days to form third-generation strains;
s3, inoculating the third-generation strains of the fermentation tank into a cultivation bottle through a liquid inoculation machine, controlling the inoculation amount to be 30g, transferring the inoculated cultivation bottle to a cultivation room, cultivating for 85 days under the dark condition, introducing fresh air properly in the cultivation process, and cultivating CO in the environment 2 Controlling the concentration at 3000 mg.L-1, the temperature of the culture environment at 22 ℃, the humidity at 70%, then scratching, washing, adding water, mechanically scratching and washing the mycelia after the mycelia in the culture bottle are full, removing an aged fungus layer, then performing bud forcing and fruiting, and harvesting when the cap of the hypsizigus marmoreus grows to 2.5 cm;
s4, cleaning collected hypsizygus marmoreus with clear water, airing the hypsizygus marmoreus in a ventilated place or airing the hypsizygus marmoreus for 2 hours in the sun for later use, transferring the hypsizygus marmoreus to a heat pump drying dehumidifier, controlling the starting point temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in sunny days to be 37 ℃, controlling the drying temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in rainy days to be 33 ℃, evaporating a large amount of surface moisture after heating mushroom bodies, draining a large amount of moisture to remove steam to keep the pleats fixed, standing and shaping the hypsizygus marmoreus, stopping heating, and stabilizing the temperature for 3.5 hours when the temperature is gradually reduced to 24 ℃ through natural cooling;
and S5, starting from 26 ℃, heating at 2 ℃/h, adjusting the relative humidity to 10% in time by a temperature control and humidity removal method, maintaining for 6h, keeping the temperature constant when the temperature is slowly increased to 51 ℃ to ensure that the pleated sheet is upright and the color is fixed, keeping the temperature constant for 6h, then increasing the temperature to 60 ℃, adjusting the positions of the upper and lower mushroom sieves in the process of keeping the temperature constant for 6h to keep the drying degrees of the upper and lower mushroom sieves consistent, integrally drying, taking out the mushroom sieves when the mushroom products are dried to eighty percent, airing for 2h, and then continuously baking and re-baking until the dryness meets the requirements, thereby obtaining the finished product hypsizigus marmoreus.
The second embodiment:
a preparation method of quick rehydration hypsizigus marmoreus comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a culture medium, namely filling the prepared culture medium into a culture bottle, sealing the culture bottle, putting the culture bottle into an autoclave for sterilization at the temperature of 123 ℃, controlling the pressure of the autoclave to be 100kPa, maintaining the sterilization time to be 18min, putting the selected bacterial strain into an aseptic superclean bench, mashing the bacterial strain, putting the mashed bacterial strain into aseptic water, washing and standing the bacterial strain for 1.2h to obtain a supernatant of the solid bacterial strain, and obtaining the supernatant of the bacterial strain;
the preparation steps of the culture solution are as follows:
step S1.1, peeling clean fresh potatoes, cutting the potatoes into small pieces, weighing 200g of the small pieces, smashing the small pieces, adding the smashed pieces into 1000mL of water, and boiling;
step S1.2, after boiling for 25min, filtering and removing slag by using clean gauze, collecting juice, adding glucose, KH2PO4, mgSO4.7H2O, thiamine and agar, supplementing water and fixing the volume to 1000ml, and finally adjusting the pH to 5.5 by using a NaOh aqueous solution to obtain a culture medium;
s2, placing the sterilized culture medium in a vacuum environment for natural cooling, taking out the culture medium when the temperature of the culture medium is 22 ℃, adding the supernatant of the solid strain, transferring the culture medium after the strain is added into a laboratory shaking table, culturing under the condition of light shielding, wherein the rotating speed in the laboratory shaking table is 145r/min, the humidity is kept at 65%, culturing for 5 days in the shaking table, and then, placing the culture medium in the laboratory shaking table for natural coolingTransferring the second generation strain to a fermentation tank containing culture solution at 21 deg.C and aeration rate of 1.4m 3 Culturing for 9 days to form three generations of strains, wherein the culture solution in the fermentation tank contains white sugar 25g, soybean meal 4.0g, corn flour 3.0g, and MgSO 4 1.0g、KH 2 PO 4 1.1g and 0.7ml of organic silicon defoamer;
s3, inoculating the third-generation strains of the fermentation tank into a cultivation bottle through a liquid inoculation machine, controlling the inoculation amount to be 32g, transferring the inoculated cultivation bottle to a cultivation room, cultivating for 90 days under the dark condition, introducing fresh air properly in the cultivation process, and culturing CO in the environment 2 The concentration is controlled to be 3500 mg.L -1 Mechanically scratching and washing the mushrooms after the temperature of the culture environment is 23 ℃ and the humidity is 80%, removing aged mushroom layers, then carrying out bud forcing and fruiting, controlling the temperature in the bud forcing process to be 14.5 ℃, controlling the relative humidity to be 98%, keeping the bud forcing time to be 7 days, and harvesting when the cap of the hypsizigus marmoreus grows to be 3.5 cm;
s4, cleaning collected hypsizygus marmoreus with clear water, airing the hypsizygus marmoreus in a ventilated place or in the sun for 2 hours for later use, transferring the hypsizygus marmoreus to a heat pump drying dehumidifier, controlling the starting point temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in sunny days to be 38 ℃, controlling the drying temperature of the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in rainy days to be 34 ℃, evaporating a large amount of surface moisture after heating mushroom bodies, discharging a large amount of moisture to remove steam to keep the pleats fixed, standing and shaping vertically, then stopping heating, and stabilizing the temperature for 4.0 hours when the temperature is gradually reduced to 25 ℃ through natural cooling;
and S5, starting from 26 ℃, heating at 2.5 ℃/h, adjusting the relative humidity to 10% in time by a temperature control and humidity removal method, maintaining for 7h, keeping the temperature constant when the temperature is slowly increased to 51 ℃ to ensure that the pleated sheet is upright and the color is fixed, keeping the temperature constant for 7h, then increasing the temperature to 60 ℃, adjusting the positions of the upper and lower mushroom sieves in the process of keeping the temperature constant for 7h to ensure that the drying degrees of the upper and lower mushroom sieves are consistent, integrally drying, taking out the mushroom sieves, airing for 2h, then continuously baking and re-baking until the drying degree meets the requirement when the mushroom products are baked to eight dry, and thus obtaining the finished product hypsizygus marmoreus.
Example three:
a preparation method of quickly rehydrating hypsizigus marmoreus comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a culture medium, namely filling the prepared culture medium into a culture bottle, sealing the culture bottle, putting the culture bottle into an autoclave for sterilization at 125 ℃, controlling the pressure of the autoclave to be 105kPa, maintaining the sterilization time for 30min, putting the selected strain into an aseptic super-clean workbench, mashing, putting the mashed strain into sterile water, washing and standing for 1.5h to obtain a supernatant of a solid strain, and obtaining the supernatant of the strain;
the preparation steps of the culture solution are as follows:
s1.1, peeling clean fresh potatoes, cutting the potatoes into small pieces, weighing 210g of the potatoes, cutting the small pieces into small pieces, mashing the small pieces, adding 1000mL of water, and boiling;
step S1.2, after boiling for 30min, filtering and removing slag by using clean gauze, collecting juice, adding glucose, KH2PO4, mgSO4.7H2O, thiamine and agar, supplementing water and fixing the volume to 1000ml, and finally adjusting the pH to 6.0 by using a NaOh aqueous solution to obtain a culture medium;
s2, placing the sterilized culture medium in a vacuum environment for natural cooling, taking out the culture medium and adding a solid strain supernatant when the temperature of the culture medium is 24 ℃, transferring the culture medium after the strain is added into a laboratory shaking table, culturing under the condition of light shielding, keeping the rotating speed in the laboratory shaking table at 160r/min and the humidity at 70%, culturing in the shaking table for 6 days, transferring the liquid second-generation strain into a fermentation tank filled with a culture solution, keeping the temperature of the fermentation tank at 22 ℃, and ensuring the ventilation volume to be 1.7m 3 Culturing for 10 days to form three generations of strains, wherein the culture solution in the fermentation tank contains white sugar 26g, soybean meal 4.5g, corn flour 3.2g, and MgSO 4 1.2g、KH 2 PO 4 1.2g and 0.8ml of organic silicon defoamer;
s3, inoculating the third-generation strains of the fermentation tank into a culture bottle through a liquid inoculation machine, controlling the inoculation amount to be 35g, transferring the inoculated culture bottle to a culture room, culturing for 95 days under the dark condition, and properly introducing air in the culture processFresh air is introduced to cultivate CO in the environment 2 The concentration is controlled to be 4000 mg.L -1 Mechanically scratching and washing the mushrooms after the mycelia fully grow in a culture bottle after the temperature of the culture environment is 24 ℃ and the humidity is 85 percent, removing an aged mushroom layer, carrying out bud forcing and fruiting, controlling the temperature in the bud forcing process to be 15 ℃, controlling the relative humidity to be 98 percent, keeping the bud forcing time to be 9 days, and harvesting when the cap of the hypsizigus marmoreus grows to 4 cm;
s4, cleaning collected hypsizygus marmoreus with clear water, airing the hypsizygus marmoreus in a ventilated place or airing the hypsizygus marmoreus for 2 hours in the sun for later use, transferring the hypsizygus marmoreus to a heat pump drying dehumidifier, controlling the starting point temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in sunny days to be 40 ℃, controlling the drying temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in rainy days to be 35 ℃, evaporating a large amount of surface moisture after heating mushroom bodies, draining a large amount of moisture to remove steam to keep the pleats fixed, standing and shaping the hypsizygus marmoreus, stopping heating, and stabilizing the temperature for 4.5 hours when the temperature is gradually reduced to 27 ℃ through natural cooling;
and S5, starting from 26 ℃, heating at 3 ℃/h, adjusting the relative humidity to 10% in time by a temperature control and humidity removal method, maintaining for 8h, keeping the temperature constant when the temperature is slowly increased to 51 ℃ to ensure that the pleated sheet is upright and the color is fixed, keeping the temperature constant for 8h, then increasing the temperature to 60 ℃, adjusting the positions of the upper and lower mushroom sieves in the process of keeping the temperature constant for 8h to keep the drying degrees of the upper and lower mushroom sieves consistent, integrally drying, taking out the mushroom sieves when the mushroom products are dried to eighty percent, airing for 2h, and then continuously baking and re-baking until the dryness meets the requirements, thereby obtaining the finished product hypsizigus marmoreus.
The hypsizigus marmoreus drying machine mainly comprises: 1. a host computer: the heat pump drying dehumidifier (the heat pump dryer absorbs free heat in the air by using little input electric energy to dry materials).
2. Drying room: the polyurethane foaming heat-preservation storehouse (customization) is used for placing materials and preserving heat so as to avoid heat loss.
3. Curing barn circulating system: and the hot air circulating system is used for bringing heat to each corner of the drying room to raise the temperature of the drying room and taking away moisture evaporated from the material.
4. Moisture-removing and water-draining system: most of the high-temperature damp and hot air in the curing barn is condensed into water and discharged, and the redundant water vapor is discharged through a fan.
5. Full-automatic intelligent control system: according to the most suitable drying process curve, the temperature, the humidity and the drying time are automatically adjusted.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a quick rehydration hypsizygus marmoreus which characterized in that: the strain of Hypsizigus marmoreus is numbered as SHBCCD83110, and is a non-model strain, the strain adopts a culture medium of comprehensive potato, and the components of the culture medium are 18-21% of potato juice 08-12L, glucose 18.5-21.5g and KH 2 PO 4 2.8-3.2g、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O1.3-17g, thiamine 0.05-0.08g and agar 12-17g.
2. A preparation method of quickly rehydrating hypsizigus marmoreus is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a culture medium, namely filling the prepared culture medium into a culture bottle, sealing the culture bottle, putting the culture bottle into an autoclave for sterilization at the temperature of 120-125 ℃, putting the selected bacterial strain into a sterile super clean bench, mashing the mashed bacterial strain, putting the mashed bacterial strain into sterile water, washing and standing for 0.5-1.5 hours to obtain a supernatant of the solid bacterial strain, and obtaining the supernatant of the bacterial strain;
s2, placing the sterilized culture medium in a vacuum environment for natural cooling, taking out the culture medium when the temperature of the culture medium is 20-24 ℃, adding the supernatant of the solid strain, transferring the culture medium after the strain is added into a shaking table in a laboratory, culturing under the condition of light shielding, transferring the liquid second-generation strain into a fermentation tank filled with a culture solution after culturing for 4-6 days in the shaking table, wherein the temperature of the fermentation tank is 20-22 ℃, and the ventilation rate is 1.2-1.7m 3 Culturing for 8-10 days to form three generations of strains;
s3, inoculating the third-generation strains of the fermentation tank into a culture bottle through a liquid inoculation machine, controlling the inoculation amount to be 30-35g, transferring the inoculated culture bottle to a culture room, culturing for 85-95 days under the dark condition, properly introducing fresh air in the culture process, culturing at the temperature of 22-24 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85%, scratching, washing and adding water, mechanically scratching and washing the bacteria after hypha in the culture bottle is full, removing an aged bacteria layer, performing bud forcing and fruiting, and harvesting when the cap of hypsizigus marmoreus grows to 2.5-4 cm;
s4, cleaning collected hypsizygus marmoreus with clear water, airing the hypsizygus marmoreus in a ventilated place or in the sun for 2 hours for later use, transferring the hypsizygus marmoreus to a heat pump drying dehumidifier, controlling the starting point temperature of drying the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in sunny days to be 37-40 ℃, controlling the drying temperature of the hypsizygus marmoreus picked in rainy days to be 33-35 ℃, after heating the hypsizygus marmoreus body, evaporating a large amount of surface water, removing steam by discharging a large amount of moisture to keep the pleat fixed and upright shape, then stopping heating, and stabilizing the temperature for 3.5-4.5 hours when the temperature is gradually reduced to 24-27 ℃ by natural cooling;
and S5, starting from 26 ℃, heating at the speed of 2-3 ℃/h, adjusting the relative humidity to 10% in time by a temperature control and humidity discharge method, maintaining for 6-8h, keeping constant temperature when the temperature is slowly increased to 51 ℃ to ensure that the pleated sheets are upright and the color and luster are fixed, keeping the constant temperature for 6-8h, then heating to 60 ℃, when the mushroom products are baked to be eighty percent dry, taking out the mushrooms, drying for 2h, then continuously baking and re-baking until the dryness meets the requirement, and thus obtaining the finished product of the agaricus blazei murrill.
3. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the preparation of the culture solution comprises the steps of:
s1.1, peeling clean fresh potatoes, cutting the potatoes into small pieces, weighing 180-210g of the small pieces, mashing the small pieces, adding 1000mL of water, and boiling;
and S1.2, after boiling for 20-30min, filtering and removing residues by using clean gauze, collecting juice, adding glucose, KH2PO4, mgSO4.7H2O, thiamine and agar, supplementing water to a constant volume of 1000ml, and finally adjusting the pH to 5.0-6.0 by using a NaOh aqueous solution to obtain the culture medium.
4. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the pressure of the autoclave is controlled at 100-105kPa, and the sterilization time is maintained at 18-30min.
5. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the rotation speed in the laboratory shaker is 130-160r/min, and the humidity is kept at 60-70%.
6. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the components of the culture solution in the fermentation tank are 24-26g of white sugar, 3.5-4.5g of soybean meal, 2.6-3.2g of corn flour and MgSO 2 4 0.8-1.2g、KH 2 PO 4 0.7-1.2g and 0.6-0.8ml of organic silicon defoamer.
7. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, before inoculation of the fermentation tank, high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization is carried out at 110-115 ℃, and after sterilization is finished, the temperature is reduced to 20-22 ℃ by air shower.
8. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, CO in the culture environment is cultured 2 The concentration is controlled to be 3000-4000 mg.L -1 。
9. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the temperature in the bud forcing process is controlled to be 14-15 ℃, the relative humidity is 98%, and the bud forcing time lasts for 7-9 days.
10. The method for preparing hypsizigus marmoreus capable of being rehydrated rapidly according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, in the process of keeping the constant temperature for 6-8h, the positions of the upper and lower mushroom sieves are adjusted, so that the drying degrees are kept consistent, and the mushroom sieves are dried integrally.
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