CN115932487A - Device and method for determining explosion-proof performance of direct-current support capacitor shell - Google Patents
Device and method for determining explosion-proof performance of direct-current support capacitor shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115932487A CN115932487A CN202210300847.6A CN202210300847A CN115932487A CN 115932487 A CN115932487 A CN 115932487A CN 202210300847 A CN202210300847 A CN 202210300847A CN 115932487 A CN115932487 A CN 115932487A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for determining explosion-proof performance of a direct current support capacitor shell, wherein the device comprises the following steps: a dc tank circuit comprising: the direct current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop; a pulsed discharge circuit comprising: the adjustable inductor and the test capacitor are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor after being connected in series; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor. The device and the method are suitable for the direct-current support capacitor, can guarantee the personal safety of testing personnel, can improve the testing efficiency, and can realize the high-efficiency and accurate determination of the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high voltage tests, in particular to a device and a method for determining explosion resistance of a direct current support capacitor shell.
Background
The direct current support capacitor is one of core group components of the current converter, is used as an energy storage element, plays roles of voltage support, harmonic filtering and the like, is limited by conditions such as fire protection level, energy storage density and the like, and can meet requirements only by adopting a self-healing capacitor. The self-healing direct-current support capacitor has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high fire-proof grade, high energy storage density and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of flexible direct-current transmission engineering, rail transit, wind power photovoltaic and the like.
The DC support capacitor has the characteristics of large capacity and high working voltage. During operation, the dc support capacitor stores a large amount of energy internally. If the DC support capacitor is short-circuited in metal in operation, the stored energy will be released instantaneously, and a large amount of gas will be generated in the DC support capacitor. If the direct current support capacitor shell is not strong enough, violent explosion is easy to generate, equipment is damaged, and personal safety is threatened. Therefore, the explosion-proof performance of the shell of the direct current support capacitor needs to be tested, and the safety of equipment during operation is ensured.
In the existing standard, a tolerance sample, tolerance energy, a test loop and a test method of a shell explosion-proof test with the frequency of 50Hz applied to a high-voltage parallel capacitor, a filter capacitor and a series capacitor of a power system are specified. The internal structure, the used materials and the electrical parameters of the alternating current power capacitor and the direct current support capacitor are different. In addition, the explosion-proof test energy of the AC power capacitor is about 15KJ, and the explosion-proof test injection energy of the DC support capacitor can reach more than 40 KJ. The test loop, test method and the like in the existing standard are difficult to be directly applied to the direct current support capacitor. In addition, the contents of the sample preparation method, the test circuit, the test method, and the like in the current standard are not specific, and no specific embodiment is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for determining explosion-proof performance of a direct-current support capacitor shell, and aims to solve the problem of how to test the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell.
In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for determining explosion-proof performance of a dc support capacitor case, the apparatus including: the direct current energy storage loop and the pulse discharge loop are connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct current energy storage loop comprises: the direct current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop;
the pulse discharge circuit includes: the adjustable inductor and the test capacitor are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor after being connected in series; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor.
Preferably, the dc tank circuit further includes: one end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor and grounded; and controlling the direct-current power supply to charge the energy storage capacitor by turning on the charging switch, wherein the charging energy stored by the energy storage capacitor is the energy of the sample capacitor under the rated voltage.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit further includes: the energy leakage circuit comprises an energy leakage switch, an energy leakage resistor and a control circuit, wherein one end of the energy leakage switch is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply and the positive electrode of an energy storage capacitor, the other end of the energy leakage switch is connected with one end of the energy leakage resistor, and the other end of the energy leakage resistor is connected with a ground wire; and controlling the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor to be released through the energy release resistor by switching on the energy release switch.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit further includes: and the high-precision voltmeter is used for acquiring voltage data at two ends of the energy storage capacitor and returning the voltage data to the direct-current power supply so that the direct-current power supply controls whether to charge the energy storage capacitor according to the voltage data.
Preferably, the pulse discharge circuit further comprises: a pulse discharge switch and a short circuit switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor, the other end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with one end of the test article capacitor, one end of the adjustable inductor is respectively connected with the cathode of the energy storage capacitor and the ground, and the other end of the adjustable inductor is connected with the other end of the test article capacitor; controlling the energy storage capacitor to inject the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor by turning on the pulse discharge switch;
the short circuit switch is connected with the test sample capacitor in parallel, and two ends of the test sample capacitor are in short circuit through the short circuit switch so as to carry out loop discharge.
Preferably, wherein the shorting switch incorporates a resistive copper conductor.
Preferably, the pulsed discharge switch comprises: the trigger copper needle is arranged above the tungsten copper electrode; when energy needs to be injected into the test article capacitor, the copper needle above the tungsten copper electrode is controlled to fall off, the gap between the electrodes is reduced, and a discharge loop is formed, so that the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor is injected into the test article capacitor.
Preferably, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a waveform acquisition circuit comprising: a current sensor and a voltage sensor; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the current sensor is connected in series in the pulse discharge loop, is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment, and is used for measuring a current signal of pulse discharge and outputting the current signal to the waveform acquisition equipment;
one end of the voltage sensor is respectively connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the test capacitor, and the other end of the voltage sensor is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment and used for measuring the voltage signal shape of pulse discharge and outputting a voltage signal to the waveform acquisition equipment;
preferably, wherein the current sensor is a rogowski coil; the voltage sensor is a high-voltage probe.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for determining explosion-proof performance of a capacitor case based on the apparatus for determining explosion-proof performance of a dc-backed capacitor case as described above, the method comprising:
connecting a test article capacitor to a test loop, and charging an energy storage capacitor by using a direct current energy storage loop to store energy in the energy storage capacitor so as to use the energy storage capacitor as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop;
injecting the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor into a test capacitor through pulse discharge by using a pulse discharge loop so as to perform an explosion resistance test on the test capacitor;
and determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell according to the state of the test capacitor.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
determining the rated blasting energy of the test capacitor, comprising:
wherein, W 0 The rated blasting energy is used; c 0 And U 0 Respectively the capacitance value and the rated voltage of the test capacitor;
according to the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor, the charging voltage is not more than 1.1U 0 When the rated blasting energy of the test capacitor is reached, calculating the energy storage capacitor parameters meeting the requirements;
and calculating the inductance value of the adjustable inductor according to the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the requirement that the ratio of adjacent peak values of the reference discharge waveform of the test loop is greater than or equal to a preset ratio and the oscillation frequency of the reference discharge waveform is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold value so that the discharge waveform meets the test requirement.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
and presetting an interelectrode metallic short-circuit fault element at a preset height position from the center of the test capacitor to the top, wherein the short-circuit fault element is manufactured by capacitor elements with two short-circuited ends by soft copper bars, and the impedance of the short-circuit copper bars is more than or equal to 0.1m omega.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
switching on a short-circuit switch connected in parallel with the test article capacitor, short-circuiting the test article capacitor, calculating the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor according to the rated blasting energy of the test article capacitor, charging the energy storage capacitor through a direct current power supply, and disconnecting the direct current power supply after the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reached; discharging by using a pulse discharge switch to discharge the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor through the short-circuit switch, and recording a reference discharge waveform; after the reference discharge waveform is recorded, the energy discharge switch is switched on;
calculating the equivalent series damping resistance of the loop according to the waveform of the reference discharge current, comprising:
wherein R is 0 Is an equivalent series damping resistor; reference discharge current waveform is i 1 (t); charging energy is W c1 (ii) a Charging energy W c1 Is the energy stored in the storage capacitor.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: before determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case according to the state of the test capacitor,
calculating the energy successfully injected into the interior of the test article capacitor, including:
wherein, W i Is the energy injected into the sample capacitor; w is a group of c2 The charging energy is; i.e. i 2 (t) is the discharge current; r x Equivalent series damping resistance for the test sample; c is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor; u shape r The residual voltage of the energy storage capacitor is; w is a group of r Participate in the charge energy for the storage capacitor;
judging whether the energy injected into the test capacitor is more than or equal to the rated explosion energy of the test capacitor; if so, determining that the test meets the requirement, and determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell according to the state of the test capacitor; otherwise, the test capacitor is replaced again and the test is carried out again.
Preferably, wherein the determining of the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case according to the state of the test capacitor comprises:
if the shell and the sleeve part of the test capacitor are not burst after the test, determining that the explosion-resistant performance of the test capacitor meets the requirement; and otherwise, determining that the explosion-proof performance of the test capacitor does not meet the requirement.
The invention provides a device and a method for determining explosion-proof performance of a direct current support capacitor shell, wherein the device comprises the following steps: a direct current tank circuit comprising: the direct current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop; a pulsed discharge circuit comprising: the adjustable inductor and the test capacitor are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor after being connected in series; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor. The device and the method are suitable for the direct-current support capacitor, can guarantee the personal safety of testing personnel, can improve the testing efficiency, and can realize the efficient and accurate determination of the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments of the invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus 100 for determining the explosion-proof performance of a DC-backed capacitor case, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of an apparatus for determining the explosion-tolerant capability of a DC-backed capacitor case according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method 300 for determining the blast-resistant performance of a dc support capacitor case in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 100 for determining explosion-proof performance of a dc support capacitor case according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the device for determining the explosion-proof performance of the dc support capacitor shell according to the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the personal safety of the testing personnel, improve the testing efficiency, and can determine the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor efficiently and accurately. The device 100 for determining the explosion-proof performance of the direct current support capacitor shell provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: a dc energy storage loop 101 and a pulse discharge loop 102 connected.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit 101 includes: the pulse discharge circuit comprises a direct-current power supply and an energy storage capacitor which are connected in series, wherein the direct-current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of the pulse discharge loop.
Preferably, the pulse discharge circuit 102 includes: the adjustable inductor and the test capacitor are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor after being connected in series; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test circuit is composed of a direct current energy storage part and a pulse discharge part, and the corresponding explosion energy can be injected into the test capacitor according to the operation condition of the test capacitor. Therefore, the extreme condition that the internal metallic short circuit occurs when the direct current support capacitor product is actually operated is simulated. And the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell is examined according to the test result.
Specifically, the positive pole of the direct current power supply is connected with the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor, the negative pole of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative pole of the energy storage capacitor and grounded, the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor is connected with one end of the test article capacitor, the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor is further connected with one end of the adjustable inductor, and the other end of the adjustable inductor is connected with the other end of the test article capacitor. The direct-current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of the pulse discharge loop; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the test capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out an explosion resistance test on the test capacitor.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit further includes: one end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor and grounded; and controlling the direct-current power supply to charge the energy storage capacitor by turning on the charging switch, wherein the charging energy stored by the energy storage capacitor is the energy of the sample capacitor under the rated voltage.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit further includes: the energy leakage circuit comprises an energy leakage switch, an energy leakage resistor and a control circuit, wherein one end of the energy leakage switch is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply and the positive electrode of an energy storage capacitor, the other end of the energy leakage switch is connected with one end of the energy leakage resistor, and the other end of the energy leakage resistor is connected with a ground wire; and controlling the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor to be released through the energy release resistor by switching on the energy release switch.
Preferably, the dc energy storage circuit further includes: and the high-precision voltmeter is used for acquiring voltage data at two ends of the energy storage capacitor and returning the voltage data to the direct current power supply so that the direct current power supply controls whether to charge the energy storage capacitor according to the voltage data.
Preferably, the dc power supply is a controllable constant current charging power supply, and is configured to control the power supply to start working according to a preset target charging voltage until the dc power supply automatically stops charging after reaching the target voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the dc tank circuit includes: DC power supply DC, energy storage capacitor C 1 Charging switch K 1 Energy release switch K 2 And energy discharge resistor R 1 (ii) a The direct-current energy storage loop can realize the charging and discharging functions of the energy storage capacitor. The direct-current power supply positive pole is connected with one end of a charging switch, the other end of the charging switch is connected with the positive pole of an energy storage capacitor, the negative pole of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the direct-current power supply, the negative pole of the energy storage capacitor and the negative pole of the direct-current power supply are both connected with a ground wire, the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor is connected with one end of an energy release switch, and the other end of the energy release switch is connected with an energy release resistor and connected into the energy release resistorAnd a ground line.
In the embodiment of the invention, when a tester is connected with a test loop, the charging switch is required to be disconnected, and at the moment, the direct-current power supply cannot work; when the charging switch is switched on, the direct-current power supply is allowed to charge the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor stores energy, and the charging energy stored by the energy storage capacitor is the energy of the test sample under the rated voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the energy leakage switch is turned on, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor can be released through the energy leakage resistor.
In an embodiment of the invention, the dc power supply is connected in series with the storage capacitor in the dc tank circuit. And controlling whether the direct current power supply charges the energy storage capacitor according to the reading of a voltmeter connected with the two ends of the energy storage capacitor so as to control the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor. When the whole test loop breaks down or is in an abnormal condition, the energy release switch is switched on, and the stored energy in the energy storage capacitor is released through the energy release resistor, so that the safety of testers is guaranteed.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the test circuit, the charging switch in the dc tank circuit and the pulse discharging switch in the pulse discharging circuit are not turned on at the same time. The energy injected into the test sample can be controlled by adjusting the internal stored energy of the energy storage capacitor so as to meet the test requirements of different products.
In the embodiment of the invention, the direct current power supply adopts a controllable constant current charging power supply, and the power supply is controlled to start working after the target charging voltage is set before charging. The direct current power supply automatically stops charging after reaching the target voltage. A high-precision voltmeter V is arranged in the direct-current energy storage loop 1 And two ends of the energy storage capacitor are connected with a high-precision voltmeter. The high-precision voltmeter measurement value is returned to the direct current power supply.
Preferably, the pulse discharge circuit further comprises: a pulse discharge switch and a short circuit switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor, the other end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with one end of the test article capacitor, one end of the adjustable inductor is respectively connected with the cathode of the energy storage capacitor and the ground, and the other end of the adjustable inductor is connected with the other end of the test article capacitor; controlling the energy storage capacitor to inject the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor by turning on the pulse discharge switch;
the short circuit switch is connected with the test sample capacitor in parallel, and two ends of the test sample capacitor are in short circuit through the short circuit switch so as to carry out loop discharge.
Preferably, wherein the shorting switch has a resistive copper conductor built in.
Preferably, the pulsed discharge switch comprises: the trigger copper needle is arranged above the tungsten copper electrode; when energy needs to be injected into the test capacitor, the copper needle above the tungsten copper electrode is controlled to fall off, the gap between the electrodes is reduced, and a discharge loop is formed, so that the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor is injected into the test capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the pulse discharge circuit includes: pulse discharge switch K 3 Capacitor C for test article 2 Large capacity adjustable inductor L 0 And a short-circuit switch K 4 (ii) a The pulse discharging circuit can release the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor to the sample capacitor. The pulse discharge loop uses an energy storage capacitor as a loop power supply, the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the high-voltage end of a pulse discharge switch, the low-voltage end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with the positive pole of a test article capacitor, the negative pole of the test article capacitor is connected with one end of a high-capacity adjustable inductor, and meanwhile, two ends of the test article capacitor are connected with a short-circuit switch. The other end of the large-capacity adjustable inductor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor and the ground wire.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the pulse discharge loop, two ends of the sample capacitor can be in short circuit through the short-circuit switch to carry out loop discharge. The short switch resistance is negligible compared to the loop resistance.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the pulse discharge loop, the pulse discharge switch is composed of a tungsten copper electrode and a trigger copper needle, and the trigger copper needle is arranged above the tungsten copper electrode. When energy needs to be injected into the test article capacitor, the copper needle above the tungsten copper electrode is controlled to fall off, the gap between the electrodes is reduced, a discharge loop is formed, and the energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor and injected into the test article capacitor.
In the embodiment of the invention, the inductance value of the large-capacity adjustable inductor is calculated and selected according to the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor, so as to ensure that the discharge waveform meets the requirement of the test method.
Preferably, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a waveform acquisition circuit comprising: a current sensor and a voltage sensor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the current sensor is connected in series in the pulse discharge loop, is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment, and is used for measuring a current signal of pulse discharge and outputting the current signal to the waveform acquisition equipment;
one end of the voltage sensor is respectively connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the test capacitor, and the other end of the voltage sensor is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment and used for measuring the voltage signal shape of pulse discharge and outputting a voltage signal to the waveform acquisition equipment.
Preferably, wherein the current sensor is a rogowski coil; the voltage sensor is a high-voltage probe.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the invention, the apparatus further includes: current sensor A and voltage sensor V 2 And high-precision oscilloscope S 1 . Wherein, a current sensor A and a voltage sensor V are arranged between the pulse discharge switch and the anode of the sample capacitor 2 The current sensor and the voltage sensor are both introduced into the waveform acquisition device, the current sensor acquires pulse discharge current waveforms, and the voltage sensor acquires pulse discharge voltage waveforms. The voltage sensor can be a high-voltage probe, and the current sensor can be a Rogowski coil.
The method for examining the explosion-proof performance of the direct current support capacitor shell by utilizing the device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following specific steps:
1. and selecting loop equipment meeting the test requirements.
Determining the capacitance C of the capacitor before testing 0 Rated voltage U 0 Thereby the rated explosion energy W of the sample capacitor 0 Can be expressed as:
the energy storage capacitor parameters are required as follows: the charging voltage range is (1.1-1.5) times of U 0 . The energy stored in the energy storage capacitor should not exceed 1.1U at the charging voltage 0 Then the rated explosion energy W of the sample capacitor is reached 0 . The storage capacitor parameters meeting the requirements are selected according to the calculation.
The ratio of adjacent peak values of the reference discharge waveform of the test loop is greater than or equal to a preset ratio of 0.8, and the oscillation frequency of the reference discharge waveform is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold of 400Hz. And calculating the inductance value of the high-capacity adjustable inductor according to the capacity of the energy storage capacitor so as to enable the discharge waveform to meet the test requirement.
2. Preparing a special capacitor for testing the explosion-proof performance of the DC support capacitor shell.
And presetting an interelectrode metallic short-circuit capacitor element at the position 1/3 of the height from the center of the test sample to the top, wherein the short-circuit fault element is in short circuit by adopting a normal soft copper bar of the capacitor, the length of the copper bar is determined according to the capacitor element, and the impedance of the short-circuit copper bar is more than or equal to 0.1m omega. Besides the short-circuit capacitor element, the structure, material and process of the test article should be prepared according to the normal production of the product.
3. And (4) building a test loop according to the test circuit diagram, wherein the tested capacitor needs to be fixed, and the tested capacitor is prevented from moving in the test process. To reduce the loop resistance, the structure of the pulse discharge loop should be as compact and as short as possible. The pulse discharge loop and the test article are connected by adopting a soft copper wire, so that the influence of the electrodynamic force on the shell of the capacitor is reduced, and the electrical parameters of each energy storage capacitor are kept consistent.
4. A small-resistance copper conductor is connected to the two ends of the capacitor to form a loop, the resistance of the copper conductor is as small as possible and can be ignored compared with the equivalent resistance of the test loop, so that the resistance of the copper conductor is negligibleAnd short-circuits the sample capacitor. According to the rated explosion energy W of the capacitor of the sample 0 And calculating the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor. The energy storage capacitor is charged through the direct current power supply, and the direct current power supply is disconnected after the preset voltage is reached. And discharging by using the pulse discharge switch, discharging the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor through an external short-circuit conductor, and recording a reference discharge waveform. After the reference discharge waveform is recorded, the energy release switch is switched on, and the safety of workers is ensured.
5. Calculating the equivalent series damping resistance R of the loop according to the waveform of the reference discharge current 0 。
Wherein the reference discharge current waveform is i 1 (t) charging energy W c1 Equivalent series damping resistance R of loop 0 And then:
6. and after the test loop is not electrified any more, the short-circuit switch is switched off, so that the tested capacitor is connected into the test loop. The energy storage capacitor is charged through the direct current power supply, and the direct current power supply is disconnected after the preset voltage is reached. Injecting energy stored in the energy storage capacitor into the tested capacitor by using a pulse discharge switch, and recording a discharge waveform; after the discharge waveform is recorded, the energy release switch is switched on, and the safety of workers is ensured.
7. And calculating the energy successfully injected into the test sample according to the discharge waveform.
Wherein the charging energy is W c2 Discharge current i 2 (t), test article equivalent series damping resistance R x Capacitance C of the storage capacitor, residual voltage U of the storage capacitor r The energy storage capacitor participates in the charge energy W r And then:
then, the energy W of the injected sample i Comprises the following steps:
8. determining the energy W of the injected sample i Whether the rated explosion energy of the test capacitor is more than or equal to the rated explosion energy of the test capacitor is met or not; if yes, entering step 9 when the test meets the requirements; and if the energy of the injected test sample is less than the rated explosion energy of the test sample capacitor, replacing the test sample capacitor again, and starting to perform the test again from the step 5.
9. Checking whether the shell, the sleeve and other parts of the test capacitor burst after the test, and if not, the test capacitor passes the test; if a blow out occurs, the test capacitor is considered to fail.
Compared with the existing explosion-proof performance test method and test circuit for the power capacitor shell for alternating current, the test circuit and test method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following advantages:
1. the energy leakage branch circuit (comprising an energy leakage switch and an energy leakage resistor) is added in the test loop, and the energy leakage branch circuit is always connected in the personnel operation process, so that the personal safety of the test personnel is guaranteed.
2. And aiming at the structural characteristics of the direct current support capacitor, a corresponding fault presetting mode is provided. In the related standard, a fault capacitor element is prepared in an electric breakdown mode, a direct current supporting capacitor is a self-healing capacitor, and short-circuit faults are difficult to achieve through the electric breakdown mode.
3. The direct current support capacitor is large in capacity and large in stored energy, a constant current power supply is used for charging in a test loop, the charging speed is greatly improved, and the test efficiency is improved.
4. The DC support capacitor has more stored energy, when injecting energy into a sample, the loop current is large, and the sphere gap discharge switch pulse discharge switch can not bear the electrodynamic force under the large current.
5. And an adjustable capacitor is added to adjust the discharge parameters of the loop, so that the discharge waveform meets the test requirements. And a short-circuit switch is added, so that the reference discharge waveform is convenient to measure. The test efficiency is greatly improved.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method 300 for determining the blast resistance of a dc support capacitor case in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, a method 300 for determining explosion-proof performance of a capacitor shell according to an embodiment of the present invention is implemented based on the apparatus 100 for determining explosion-proof performance of a dc-supported capacitor shell as described above, where the method 300 starts at step 301, and a test capacitor is connected to a test loop at step 301, and a dc energy storage loop is used to charge an energy storage capacitor, so that the energy storage capacitor stores energy inside, so as to use the energy storage capacitor as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
determining the rated explosion energy of a test capacitor, comprising:
wherein, W 0 Is the rated blast energy; c 0 And U 0 Respectively representing the capacitance value and the rated voltage of the test article capacitor;
according to the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor, the charging voltage is not more than 1.1U 0 Then, the rated blasting energy of the test capacitor is achieved, and the energy storage capacitor parameters meeting the requirements are calculated;
and calculating the inductance value of the adjustable inductor according to the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the requirement that the ratio of adjacent peak values of the reference discharge waveform of the test loop is greater than or equal to a preset ratio and the oscillation frequency of the reference discharge waveform is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold value so that the discharge waveform meets the test requirement.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
and presetting an interelectrode metallic short-circuit fault element at a preset height position from the center of the test capacitor to the top, wherein the short-circuit fault element is manufactured by capacitor elements with two short-circuited ends by soft copper bars, and the impedance of the short-circuit copper bars is more than or equal to 0.1m omega.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
switching on a short-circuit switch connected in parallel with the test article capacitor, short-circuiting the test article capacitor, calculating the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor according to the rated blasting energy of the test article capacitor, charging the energy storage capacitor through a direct current power supply, and disconnecting the direct current power supply after the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reached; discharging by using a pulse discharge switch, discharging the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor through the short-circuit switch, and recording a reference discharge waveform; after the reference discharge waveform is recorded, the energy discharge switch is switched on;
according to the reference discharge current waveform, calculating the equivalent series damping resistance of the loop, comprising:
wherein R is 0 Is an equivalent series damping resistor; reference discharge current waveform is i 1 (t); charging energy is W c1 (ii) a Charging energy W c1 Is the energy stored in the storage capacitor.
In step 302, a pulse discharge circuit is used to enable an energy storage capacitor to inject the internally stored energy into a sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to perform an explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor.
In step 303, the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case is determined according to the state of the test capacitor.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises: before determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case according to the state of the test article capacitor,
calculating the energy successfully injected into the interior of the test article capacitor, including:
wherein, W i Is the energy injected into the sample capacitor; w is a group of c2 The charging energy is; i.e. i 2 (t) is a discharge current; r x Equivalent series damping resistance for the test sample; c is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor; u shape r The residual voltage of the energy storage capacitor is; w r The energy storage capacitor is involved in charge energy;
judging whether the energy injected into the test sample capacitor is greater than or equal to the rated blasting energy of the test sample capacitor; if so, determining that the test meets the requirement, and determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell according to the state of the test capacitor; otherwise, the test capacitor is replaced again and the test is carried out again.
Preferably, the determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor housing according to the state of the test capacitor comprises:
if the shell and the sleeve part of the test capacitor are not burst after the test, determining that the explosion resistance of the test capacitor meets the requirement; and otherwise, determining that the explosion-proof performance of the test sample capacitor does not meet the requirement.
The method 300 for determining the explosion-proof performance of the dc-supported capacitor case according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the method 100 for determining the explosion-proof performance of the dc-supported capacitor case according to another embodiment of the present invention, and is not described herein again.
The invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, other embodiments of the invention than the ones disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of these appended patent claims, as these are known to those skilled in the art.
Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the [ device, component, etc ]" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (15)
1. An apparatus for determining the explosion-proof capability of a dc support capacitor case, the apparatus comprising: the direct current energy storage loop and the pulse discharge loop are connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct current energy storage loop comprises: the direct current power supply is used for charging the energy storage capacitor, so that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor is used as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop;
the pulse discharge circuit includes: the adjustable inductor and the test capacitor are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor after being connected in series; the energy storage capacitor injects the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor through pulse discharge so as to carry out explosion resistance test on the sample capacitor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dc tank circuit further comprises: one end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the charging switch is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor and grounded; and controlling the direct-current power supply to charge the energy storage capacitor by turning on the charging switch, wherein the charging energy stored by the energy storage capacitor is the energy of the sample capacitor under the rated voltage.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dc tank circuit further comprises: the energy release device comprises an energy release switch and an energy release resistor, wherein one end of the energy release switch is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply and the positive electrode of an energy storage capacitor, the other end of the energy release switch is connected with one end of the energy release resistor, and the other end of the energy release resistor is connected with a ground wire; and controlling the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor to be released through the energy release resistor by switching on the energy release switch.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dc tank circuit further comprises: and the high-precision voltmeter is used for acquiring voltage data at two ends of the energy storage capacitor and returning the voltage data to the direct current power supply so that the direct current power supply controls whether to charge the energy storage capacitor according to the voltage data.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulsed discharge circuit further comprises: a pulse discharge switch and a short circuit switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor, the other end of the pulse discharge switch is connected with one end of the test article capacitor, one end of the adjustable inductor is respectively connected with the cathode of the energy storage capacitor and the ground, and the other end of the adjustable inductor is connected with the other end of the test article capacitor; controlling the energy storage capacitor to inject the internally stored energy into the sample capacitor by turning on the pulse discharge switch;
the short circuit switch is connected with the test capacitor in parallel, and two ends of the test capacitor are in short circuit through the short circuit switch so as to perform loop discharge.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the shorting switch has a resistive copper conductor built into it.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pulsed discharge switch comprises: the trigger copper needle is arranged above the tungsten copper electrode; when energy needs to be injected into the test article capacitor, the copper needle above the tungsten copper electrode is controlled to fall off, the gap between the electrodes is reduced, and a discharge loop is formed, so that the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor is injected into the test article capacitor.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a waveform acquisition circuit comprising: a current sensor and a voltage sensor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the current sensor is connected in series in the pulse discharge loop, is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment, and is used for measuring a current signal of pulse discharge and outputting the current signal to the waveform acquisition equipment;
one end of the voltage sensor is respectively connected with the anode of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the test capacitor, and the other end of the voltage sensor is connected with the waveform acquisition equipment and used for measuring the voltage signal shape of pulse discharge and outputting a voltage signal to the waveform acquisition equipment.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein the current sensor is a rogowski coil; the voltage sensor is a high-voltage probe.
10. A method for determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case based on the apparatus for determining the explosion-proof performance of the dc-supported capacitor case according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
connecting a test article capacitor to a test loop, and charging an energy storage capacitor by using a direct current energy storage loop to store energy in the energy storage capacitor so as to use the energy storage capacitor as a loop power supply of a pulse discharge loop;
injecting the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor into a test capacitor through pulse discharge by using a pulse discharge loop so as to perform an explosion resistance test on the test capacitor;
and determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell according to the state of the test capacitor.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
determining the rated blasting energy of the test capacitor, comprising:
wherein, W 0 The rated blasting energy is used; c 0 And U 0 Respectively representing the capacitance value and the rated voltage of the test article capacitor;
according to the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor, the charging voltage is not more than 1.1U 0 Then, the rated blasting energy of the test capacitor is achieved, and the energy storage capacitor parameters meeting the requirements are calculated;
and calculating the inductance value of the adjustable inductor according to the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the requirement that the ratio of adjacent peak values of the reference discharge waveform of the test loop is greater than or equal to a preset ratio and the oscillation frequency of the reference discharge waveform is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold value so that the discharge waveform meets the test requirement.
12. The method of claim 10, further comprising: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
and presetting an interelectrode metal short-circuit fault element at a position which is away from the center of the test capacitor by a preset height from the top, wherein the short-circuit fault element is manufactured by capacitor elements with two short-circuited ends of a soft copper bar, and the impedance of the short-circuit copper bar is more than or equal to 0.1m omega.
13. The method of claim 10, further comprising: prior to connecting the test capacitor to the test loop,
switching on a short-circuit switch connected in parallel with the test article capacitor, short-circuiting the test article capacitor, calculating the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor according to the rated blasting energy of the test article capacitor, charging the energy storage capacitor through a direct current power supply, and disconnecting the direct current power supply after the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reached; discharging by using a pulse discharge switch, discharging the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor through the short-circuit switch, and recording a reference discharge waveform; after the reference discharge waveform is recorded, the energy discharge switch is switched on;
calculating the equivalent series damping resistance of the loop according to the waveform of the reference discharge current, comprising:
wherein R is 0 Is an equivalent series damping resistor; a reference discharge current waveform of i 1 (t); charging energy is W c1 (ii) a Charging energy W c1 Is the energy stored in the storage capacitor.
14. The method of claim 10, further comprising: before determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor case according to the state of the test article capacitor,
calculating the energy successfully injected into the interior of the test article capacitor, comprising:
wherein, W i Is the energy injected into the sample capacitor; w c2 The charging energy is; i.e. i 2 (t) is the discharge current; r x Equivalent series damping resistance for the test sample; c is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor; u shape r The residual voltage of the energy storage capacitor is; w r Participate in the charge energy for the storage capacitor;
judging whether the energy injected into the test sample capacitor is greater than or equal to the rated blasting energy of the test sample capacitor; if so, determining that the test meets the requirement, and determining the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor shell according to the state of the test capacitor; otherwise, the test capacitor is replaced again, and the test is carried out again.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the blast-resistant performance of the capacitor case based on the condition of the test capacitor comprises:
if the shell and the sleeve part of the test capacitor are not burst after the test, determining that the explosion resistance of the test capacitor meets the requirement; and otherwise, determining that the explosion-proof performance of the test sample capacitor does not meet the requirement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210300847.6A CN115932487A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Device and method for determining explosion-proof performance of direct-current support capacitor shell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210300847.6A CN115932487A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Device and method for determining explosion-proof performance of direct-current support capacitor shell |
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| CN115932487A true CN115932487A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN202210300847.6A Pending CN115932487A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Device and method for determining explosion-proof performance of direct-current support capacitor shell |
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| CN (1) | CN115932487A (en) |
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- 2022-03-24 CN CN202210300847.6A patent/CN115932487A/en active Pending
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