CN115925330A - Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115925330A CN115925330A CN202211021053.2A CN202211021053A CN115925330A CN 115925330 A CN115925330 A CN 115925330A CN 202211021053 A CN202211021053 A CN 202211021053A CN 115925330 A CN115925330 A CN 115925330A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof. The iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 to 88 parts of sand-modified iron tailings, 10 to 15 parts of cement, 2 to 8 parts of fly ash, 0.3 to 0.8 part of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.20 to 0.30 part of water-cement ratio, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: designing the iron tailing pavement water permeable brick material: considering the economic transport distance of the iron tailing water permeable bricks, determining that the use environment is a hot-summer and cold-winter area, and designing the bottom layer and the surface layer materials of the high-performance iron tailing water permeable bricks according to the A-level water permeability requirement; s2: replacing aggregate with iron tailings and improving: the iron tailings are cleaned to prepare the sand after impurity removal. The iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the iron tailing replaces aggregate, the production cost is also greatly reduced, the market competitiveness is better compared with the traditional water permeable brick, and the industrial popularization can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water permeable bricks, in particular to an iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The iron tailings are a composite mineral raw material, are waste residues left after iron ore is ground to select iron ore concentrate, are in a grey brown fine granular state, have the grain diameter of 0.001-8 mm, and mainly contain SiO in chemical components 2 、Al 2 O 3 、Fe 2 O 3 CaO, mgO and the like, wherein the contents of silicon and aluminum are higher, more than 80 percent of minerals are nonmetallic minerals, and the nonmetallic minerals are treated by inorganic binder and then used as building materials to achieve the purposes of energy conservation and efficiency improvement, no waste and harm, environmental protection and the likeThe land is saved, the tailing dam is safe, the mine construction is green, and the sustainable development of mine enterprises is promoted.
In the prior art:
the invention discloses a full-solid waste water permeable brick and a preparation method and application thereof (application publication numbers CN113582635A and 202110872612. X), and relates to the technical field of water permeable bricks, in particular to a full-solid waste water permeable brick and a preparation method and application thereof. The water permeable brick comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-22 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material and 70-80 parts of steel slag; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.33; 3-4.4 parts of a water reducing agent; the surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-22 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 8-10 parts of iron tailing sand, 0.33 part of water-cement ratio and 3-4.4 parts of water reducing agent.
The disadvantages are that:
(1) The preparation of the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material is that limestone tailings, desulfurized gypsum, steel slag and aluminum ash are ground and homogenized and then calcined in a kiln at the temperature of 1220-1300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-60 min, solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker is obtained, and the obtained solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3-10% of desulfurized gypsum are ground and milled, thus obtaining the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material. The dosage proportions of the components of the medium limestone tailings, the desulfurized gypsum, the steel slag and the aluminum ash are not clear, the working procedures are complex, and the production cost of the raw materials of the water permeable brick is high.
(2) In the prior art, researches have been made on preparing the water permeable brick by using steel slag and iron tailings as aggregates, wherein the particle size of the steel slag is 5.0-20.0 mm, and the particle size of the iron tailing sand is 2.5-10 mm, but the preparation proportion of the particle size at each level is unclear, and the quality is not easy to guarantee, so that the water permeable brick is not beneficial to sustainable development.
The invention relates to a water permeable brick formula and a preparation process thereof (application No. 202111484313.5, application publication No. CN 114149215A). The invention comprises aggregate, cement, water, a water reducing agent, silica fume and a thickening agent, wherein the contents of the aggregate, the cement, the water reducing agent, the silica fume and the thickening agent in the total formula are respectively as follows by weight percent: 80% of aggregate, 15% of cement, 4% of water, 0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.75% of silica fume and 1% of thickening agent. A process for preparing a water permeable brick comprises the steps of aggregate pretreatment; mixing process: taking aggregate mixed water, adding the thickening agent, the cement, the water reducing agent and the silica fume while stirring, and stirring for 2 min; and (3) forming: putting the mixed materials into a die, and carrying out mechanical static pressure of 25MPa on a press for 1 minute; and (5) maintenance: and after forming, removing the die, and soaking in water for curing for 10 days.
The disadvantages are that:
(1) The aggregate is the construction waste or the steel slag, and whether the components of the construction waste and the steel slag meet the technical index requirements of the aggregate?
(2) How to sieve the construction waste, wherein the graded aggregate of the construction waste consists of fine aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.20-4.80mm and coarse aggregate with the grain diameter of 4.80-9.50mm, and the composition proportion of each grain diameter is not clear.
(3) The range of the particle size of the steel slag is not clear, and the proportion of the particle sizes in the gradation is not clear.
(4) And removing the die after molding, and soaking in water for curing for 10 days. The maintenance mode adopts soaking maintenance, and the implementation in an actual production line is not practical enough; the curing time is 10 days, and whether the expected strength can be achieved can be ensured.
(5) The compression strength and the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable brick can not be determined, and the technical index is not clear.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using copper tailing sand (application No. 202110925598.5, application publication No. CN 113683393A), which comprises the following steps of: s1, pretreating lake sediment, and S2, pretreating coal slime; s3, preparing permeable brick aggregate; s4, preparing a binder; s5, ageing; s6, pressing and forming; s7, sintering and forming. The invention realizes the high-efficiency utilization of the copper tailing sand, the lake sediment and the coal slime, and achieves the purposes of environmental protection, energy conservation and resource utilization. The high-strength sintered water permeable brick prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high strength and high water permeability. The invention solidifies the heavy metal in the lake sediment, and effectively reduces the heavy metal pollution of the original lake sediment.
The disadvantage is that
(1) In the step of pretreating the lake sediment, standing and dehydrating the lake sediment to ensure that the water content of the lake sediment is 30-50%, then airing, sieving, baking the product under the sieve, and then carrying out ball milling homogenization treatment to obtain the pretreated lake sediment, the yield of the lake sediment is low, the lake sediment is kept standing and dehydrated for 7 days, stirred for 1 time every day, and subjected to filter pressing to ensure that the water content of the lake sediment is 35-45%; the baking temperature is 105 ℃ and the baking time is 2h; the ball milling is carried out for 5-15 min in a ball mill, the process is complicated when the ball milling speed is 25.4r/min, the cost is increased, and the market competitiveness of the industrialized popularization is not strong;
(2) And the screening particle size and the mass ratio of the pervious brick aggregate in the step S3 are respectively as follows: the particle size ratio span range of 10% -30% of 1.18-4.75 mm, 40% -60% of 0.60-1.18 mm and 20% -40% of 0.15-0.60 mm is large, and the quality is not easy to guarantee;
(3) And in the expression that the pressure for press forming is 15 to 35MPa in the step S6, the pressure range is large, and the stability of the strength of the water permeable brick is not easy to ensure.
(4) And in step S7, sintering is carried out as follows: raising the temperature to 60 ℃ at 0.5 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 300 ℃ at 60 ℃ at 2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, raising the temperature to 900 ℃ at 300 ℃ at 3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, raising the temperature to 950-1000 ℃ at 900 ℃ at 0.5-1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30-150 min, and then reducing the temperature along with the furnace, wherein the cost is increased due to complex procedures, and the market competitiveness is not strong.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new high-performance water permeable brick made of iron tailings and a preparation method thereof to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and the preparation method thereof, wherein the iron tailing replaces aggregate, so that the production cost is greatly reduced, the market competitiveness is better compared with the traditional water permeable brick, and the industrial popularization can be realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 to 88 portions of sandstone modified iron tailings, 10 to 15 portions of cement, 2 to 8 portions of fly ash, 0.3 to 0.8 portion of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.20 to 0.30 portion of water-cement ratio.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 83 parts of sand-gravel modified iron tailings, 11 parts of cement, 5.45 parts of fly ash, 0.55 part of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.28 part of water-cement ratio.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1: designing the iron tailing pavement water permeable brick material: considering the economic transport distance of the water permeable bricks, determining that the use environment is a hot-summer and cold-winter area, and preparing high-strength and high-performance water permeable bricks according to the A-level water permeability requirement to design the materials of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the water permeable bricks;
s2: replacing aggregate with iron tailings and improving: removing impurities from iron tailings, cleaning and making sand, then screening and evaluating the particle fineness degree of the iron tailings, and improving by adopting machine-made sand and broken stones according to the constructed permeable brick aggregate grading improvement function model; the aggregate grading improvement of the permeable brick is improved by adopting a breaking function, and the breaking function is as follows:
y＝Ax B wherein x is more than or equal to 4.75 and less than or equal to 9.5;
y =0.43x+1, wherein x is more than 1.18 and less than 4.75;
y =0.53x +1, wherein x is more than 0.30 and less than or equal to 1.18;
y = Clnx + D, wherein x is not less than 0.075 and not more than 0.30;
in the formula: x represents the aggregate particle diameter, y represents the sieving pass rate (%), and A, B, C, and D are regression coefficients.
S3: mixing the brick bottom materials which permeate water: firstly adding the iron tailing modified aggregate, the cement polymer reinforcing agent and the fly ash into a concrete mixer, stirring for 35-60 s to mix and stir uniformly, adding half of the water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-60 s, adding the remaining half of the water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 3-4 min to obtain an iron tailing water permeable brick mixed base material;
s4: mixing the permeable brick surface materials: firstly, adding granite machine-made sand or quartz sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 30-45 s to mix uniformly, adding half of water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-50 s, adding the remaining half of water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 2-3 min to obtain the iron tailing water permeable brick mixed fabric;
s5: vibration and pressure molding: transporting the prepared permeable brick mixed bottom material and the prepared fabric to a bottom material bin and a surface material bin respectively through an inclined belt conveyor, putting the iron tailing permeable brick mixed bottom material into a mould for vibration pressure forming, then pressurizing the fabric to a forming brick surface layer, and setting the static pressure to be 18MPa +/-2 MPa for pressure forming to prepare the permeable brick;
s6: and (3) maintenance: and (3) after finishing the process of the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer, smoothing the surface by using a trowel, conveying the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer into a maintenance workshop through a track for standard maintenance and outdoor manual maintenance, and after the maintenance age is 28d, delivering the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer out of the factory after the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer is inspected to be qualified.
Preferably, in the step S1, the material design of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the water permeable brick is designed according to the technical index requirements that the use environment is a hot-summer and cold-winter area, the water permeability grade is a grade a, the average value of the breaking strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the average value of the splitting tensile strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is not greater than 35mm, and the anti-skid BPN value is not less than 60; the permeable brick bottom material consists of iron tailings, machine-made sand stone, fly ash, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the machine-made sand stone modified iron tailings is 0.075 mm-9.5 mm, the machine-made sand stone modified iron tailings in the mixture comprises cement, fly ash, cement polymer reinforcing agent = 14; the permeable brick surface material consists of granite machine-made sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the granite machine-made sand is 1.18-2.36 mm, the granite machine-made sand in the mixture comprises cement, the cement polymer reinforcing agent = 95; the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength of the cement is not lower than 42.5; the grade of the fly ash is not lower than grade II.
Preferably, in the step S2, the iron tailings are used for replacing aggregates and are improved, the iron tailings are subjected to impurity removal, cleaning and screening through a water elutriation screening machine, so that stone powder and iron tailings sand are separated, the fineness modulus of the iron tailings sand is assessed to be =1.5 through a screening test, machine-made sand and crushed stone are adopted for discontinuously grading the improved iron tailings according to the aggregate grading design of the water permeable brick, the proportion of the particle size of the improved mixture of 0.075mm to 4.75mm to the total aggregates is 10% -15%, and the aggregate grading improvement function model of the water permeable brick is improved by adopting a discontinuous function.
Preferably, bottom materials of the water permeable bricks in the step S3 are mixed and the materials of the water permeable bricks in the step S4 are mixed, a separate and parallel stirring system is adopted, and the time for mixing and stirring the bottom materials is 30-60S earlier than that for mixing the materials.
Preferably, in the step S5, the fabric is vibrated and pressed, the set static pressure is 18MPa, the vibration and pressing time is controlled to be 20S to 25S, and the fabric color is colored and sprayed according to actual needs.
Preferably, in the step S6, the maintenance comprises standard maintenance and natural maintenance in a maintenance workshop, the permeable bricks are conveyed into the maintenance workshop with the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of not less than 95% through a rail for maintenance for 24 hours, then the permeable bricks of the iron tailings are stacked, the artificial maintenance is continuously carried out in the outdoor environment, watering is carried out for 2 times every day until the maintenance is carried out for 28 days in a specified age, and the finished product is delivered after the inspection is qualified.
Compared with the related technology, the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the iron tailing high-performance permeable brick material is a novel cement product, is molded by vibration pressing, and belongs to a non-sintered brick type. The iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick is used in public places such as sidewalks, non-motor vehicle lanes, roads with small road surface loads, parking lots, squares and the like in sponge town construction, the structural layers at the bottom of the water permeable brick are sequentially a 20-30 mm water permeable leveling layer, a 100-150 mm water permeable base layer and a 150-200 mm water permeable bottom base layer during paving, and in order to better improve the collection and utilization of permeated water, a DN50 PVC water seepage pipe is arranged in the water permeable base layer, so that the permeated water can be effectively guided to enter a municipal drainage system; the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick has a rough surface and very good skid resistance, and can improve the safety of driving and walking; the water permeable bricks have larger gaps inside, so that the urban heat island effect can be relieved, and the traffic noise of the road surface can be absorbed;
2. the iron tailings and the fly ash are used as basic materials of the water permeable brick, so that the water permeable brick has a good propulsion effect on green mine construction, solid waste utilization and sponge town construction, and can well solve the problems of large accumulation of the iron tailings of the mine, environmental protection, safety, operation management and the like caused by the fly ash of a power plant;
3. the iron tailings are directly used as aggregates to be used for producing the water permeable bricks on a production line, the aggregate grading composition can not meet the A-grade requirement of the water permeable grade, and machine-made sand stones are adopted to improve the iron tailings according to the aggregate requirement designed by the material of the bottom layer of the water permeable bricks, so that the improved iron tailing mixed aggregate meets the aggregate design grading requirement, and the permeability of the water permeable bricks is greatly improved;
4. the iron tailing sand has the fineness modulus =1.5, belongs to extra-fine sand, and is formed secondarily by adopting a high-pressure extrusion-capacity process combining vibration and static pressure to improve the forming quality of a brick body due to the fact that the iron tailing and fly ash mixed in the iron tailing water permeable brick are higher, so that the iron tailing water permeable brick is produced integrally, the iron tailing and the fly ash can be consumed massively without roasting and any environmental pollution, and the solid waste is recycled;
5. the iron tailing water permeable brick can be produced by building a factory on the periphery of an iron tailing pond, the transportation of the iron tailing can be reduced, raw materials do not need to be sintered, a sintering link does not exist in a production process, the iron tailing replaces aggregate, the production cost is greatly reduced, the iron tailing water permeable brick has better market competitiveness compared with the traditional water permeable brick, and the industrial popularization can be realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention provides an iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 to 88 portions of sand-stone modified iron tailings, 10 to 15 portions of cement, 2 to 8 portions of fly ash, 0.3 to 0.8 portion of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.20 to 0.30 portion of water-cement ratio.
The paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 83 parts of sand-gravel modified iron tailings, 11 parts of cement, 5.45 parts of fly ash, 0.55 part of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.28 part of water-cement ratio.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1: designing the iron tailing pavement water permeable brick material: considering the economic transport distance of the water permeable bricks, determining the use environment to be a hot-summer and cold-winter area, and preparing the high-strength and high-performance water permeable bricks according to the A-level water permeability requirement to design the materials of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the water permeable bricks;
s2: replacing aggregate with iron tailings and improving: removing impurities from iron tailings, cleaning and making sand, then screening and evaluating the thickness degree of iron tailings particles, improving by adopting machine-made sand and broken stones according to aggregate gradation design of the permeable brick, and respectively improving the particle size range of 0.075 mm-9.5 mm by adopting a function model of improving iron tailings mixed bones;
s3: mixing the brick bottom materials which permeate water: firstly adding the iron tailing modified aggregate, the cement polymer reinforcing agent and the fly ash into a concrete mixer, stirring for 35-60 s to mix and stir uniformly, adding half of the water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-60 s, adding the remaining half of the water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 3-4 min to obtain an iron tailing water permeable brick mixed base material;
s4: mixing the permeable brick surface materials: firstly, adding granite machine-made sand or quartz sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 30-45 s to mix uniformly, adding half of water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-50 s, adding the remaining half of water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 2-3 min to obtain the iron tailing water permeable brick mixed fabric;
s5: vibration pressing and forming: transporting the prepared permeable brick mixed bottom material and the prepared fabric to a bottom material bin and a surface material bin respectively through an inclined belt conveyor, putting the iron tailing permeable brick mixed bottom material into a mould for vibration pressure forming, then pressurizing the fabric to a forming brick surface layer, and setting the static pressure to be 18MPa +/-2 MPa for pressure forming to prepare the permeable brick;
s6: and (3) maintenance: and after the iron tailing permeable brick surface layer process is finished, the surface is flattened by a trowel, the iron tailing permeable brick is conveyed into a curing workshop through a rail to be subjected to standard curing and outdoor manual curing, and the iron tailing permeable brick leaves a factory after being inspected to be qualified after the curing age is 28 d.
In the S1, the materials of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the permeable brick are designed according to the technical index requirements that the use environment is a hot-summer and cold-winter area, the water permeability grade A is adopted, the average value of the breaking strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the average value of the splitting tensile strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is not more than 35mm, and the antiskid BPN value is not less than 60; the permeable brick bottom material consists of iron tailings, machine-made sand stone, fly ash, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the machine-made sand stone modified iron tailings is 0.075 mm-9.5 mm, the machine-made sand stone modified iron tailings in the mixture comprises cement, fly ash, cement polymer reinforcing agent = 14; the permeable brick surface material consists of granite machine-made sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the granite machine-made sand is 1.18-2.36 mm, the granite machine-made sand in the mixture comprises cement, the cement polymer reinforcing agent = 95; the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength of the cement is not lower than 42.5; the grade of the fly ash is not lower than grade II.
In the S2, the iron tailings are used for replacing aggregates and improving, the iron tailings are subjected to impurity removal, cleaning and screening through a water elutriation screening machine, so that stone powder and iron tailing sand are separated, the fineness modulus of the iron tailing sand is evaluated to be =1.5 through a screening test, machine-made sand and broken stones are adopted to improve the iron tailings in an intermittent grading mode according to the aggregate grading design of the water permeable bricks, and the proportion of the particle size of the improved mixture of 0.075mm to 4.75mm to the total aggregates is 10% -15%.
And mixing the bottom materials of the water permeable bricks in the step S3 and the surface materials of the water permeable bricks in the step S4, wherein a separate and parallel stirring system is adopted, and the time for uniformly mixing the bottom materials is 30-60S earlier than that for mixing the surface materials.
And in the step S5, performing vibration compression molding, wherein the set static pressure is 18MPa, the vibration compression molding time is controlled to be between 20S and 25S, and the color of the fabric is subjected to coloring spraying according to actual requirements.
Preferably, in the step S6, the maintenance comprises standard maintenance and natural maintenance in a maintenance workshop, the permeable bricks are conveyed into the maintenance workshop with the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of not less than 95% through a rail for maintenance for 24 hours, then the permeable bricks of the iron tailings are stacked, the artificial maintenance is continuously carried out in the outdoor environment, watering is carried out for 2 times every day until the maintenance is carried out for 28 days in a specified age, and the finished product is delivered after the inspection is qualified.
In other embodiments, the ratio of sand to stone in the bottom layer mixture is 0.28, the ratio of cement to water to cement is 0.45, and the ratio of cement to cement is 0.45, and the fractal dimension of the iron tailings fluctuates, so that the use amount of each material varies within a certain range, wherein: 78-88 percent of modified iron tailing mixed aggregate, 10-15 percent of cement, 2-8 percent of fly ash, 0.3-0.8 percent of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.20-0.30 percent of water-to-adhesive ratio.
In other embodiments, in the iron tailing sand replacing aggregate and the improvement method in the S2, the aggregate used for improvement is not limited to machine-made sand, and all sand which meets GB/T14684-2011 construction sand and GB/T14685-2011 construction pebble and gravel can be used for improving iron tailings and is used as the aggregate of the permeable brick.
In other embodiments, the curing in S6 may adopt various curing modes, as long as the curing modes can meet the curing requirements.
Compared with the related technology, the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the iron tailing high-performance permeable brick material is a novel cement product, is molded by vibration pressing, and belongs to a non-sintered brick type. The iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick is used in public places such as sidewalks, non-motor vehicle lanes, roads with small road surface loads, parking lots, squares and the like in sponge town construction, the structural layers at the bottom of the water permeable brick are sequentially a 20-30 mm water permeable leveling layer, a 100-150 mm water permeable base layer and a 150-200 mm water permeable bottom base layer during paving, and in order to better improve the collection and utilization of permeated water, a DN50 PVC water seepage pipe is arranged in the water permeable base layer, so that the permeated water can be effectively guided to enter a municipal drainage system; the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick has a rough surface and very good skid resistance, and can improve the safety of driving and walking; the water permeable bricks have larger gaps inside, so that the urban heat island effect can be relieved, and the traffic noise of the road surface can be absorbed;
2. the iron tailings and the fly ash are used as basic materials of the permeable brick, so that the permeable brick has good propulsion effects on green mine construction, solid waste utilization and sponge town construction, and can well solve the problems of large accumulation of the iron tailings of the mine, environmental protection, safety, operation management and the like caused by the fly ash of a power plant;
3. the iron tailings are directly used as aggregates to be used for producing the water permeable bricks on a production line, the aggregate grading composition can not meet the A-grade requirement of the water permeable grade, and machine-made sand stones are adopted to improve the iron tailings according to the aggregate requirement designed by the material of the bottom layer of the water permeable bricks, so that the improved iron tailing mixed aggregate meets the aggregate design grading requirement, and the permeability of the water permeable bricks is greatly improved;
4. the iron tailing sand has the fineness modulus =1.5, belongs to extra-fine sand, and is formed secondarily by adopting a high-pressure extrusion-capacity process combining vibration and static pressure to improve the forming quality of a brick body due to the fact that the iron tailing and fly ash mixed in the iron tailing water permeable brick are higher, so that the iron tailing water permeable brick is produced integrally, the iron tailing and the fly ash can be consumed massively without roasting and any environmental pollution, and the solid waste is recycled;
5. the iron tailing water permeable brick can be produced by building a factory on the periphery of an iron tailing pond, the transportation of the iron tailing can be reduced, raw materials do not need to be sintered, a sintering link does not exist in a production process, the iron tailing replaces aggregate, the production cost is greatly reduced, the iron tailing water permeable brick has better market competitiveness compared with the traditional water permeable brick, and the industrial popularization can be realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-performance water permeable brick of the iron tailings is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 78 to 88 portions of sand-stone modified iron tailings, 10 to 15 portions of cement, 2 to 8 portions of fly ash, 0.3 to 0.8 portion of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.20 to 0.30 portion of water-cement ratio.
2. The iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 83 parts of sandstone modified iron tailings, 11 parts of cement, 5.45 parts of fly ash, 0.55 part of cement polymer reinforcing agent and 0.28 part of water-cement ratio.
3. The preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: designing the iron tailing pavement water permeable brick material: considering the economic transport distance of the water permeable bricks, determining the use environment to be a hot-summer and cold-winter area, and preparing the high-strength and high-performance water permeable bricks according to the A-level water permeability requirement to design the materials of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the water permeable bricks;
s2: replacing aggregate with iron tailings and improving: removing impurities from iron tailings, cleaning, making sand, screening and evaluating the particle fineness degree of the iron tailings, and improving by adopting machine-made sand and broken stones according to a constructed permeable brick aggregate grading improvement function model;
s3: mixing the brick bottom materials which permeate water: firstly adding the iron tailing modified aggregate, the cement polymer reinforcing agent and the fly ash into a concrete mixer, stirring for 35-60 s to mix and stir uniformly, adding half of the water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-60 s, adding the remaining half of the water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 3-4 min to obtain an iron tailing water permeable brick mixed base material;
s4: mixing the permeable brick surface materials: firstly, adding granite machine-made sand or quartz sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 30-45 s to mix uniformly, adding half of water consumption in the mixing ratio, stirring for 45-50 s, adding the remaining half of water consumption when the mixture reaches a uniform and moist state, and stirring for 2-3 min to obtain the iron tailing water permeable brick mixed fabric;
s5: vibration and pressure molding: transporting the prepared permeable brick mixed bottom material and the prepared fabric to a bottom material bin and a surface material bin respectively through an inclined belt conveyor, putting the iron tailing permeable brick mixed bottom material into a mold for vibration pressure forming, then pressurizing the fabric to a formed brick surface layer, and setting the static pressure to be 18MPa +/-2 MPa for pressure forming to prepare the permeable brick;
s6: and (5) maintenance: and (3) after finishing the process of the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer, smoothing the surface by using a trowel, conveying the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer into a maintenance workshop through a track for standard maintenance and outdoor manual maintenance, and after the maintenance age is 28d, delivering the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer out of the factory after the iron tailing water permeable brick surface layer is inspected to be qualified.
4. The preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the design of the materials of the bottom layer and the surface layer of the water permeable brick is carried out according to the technical index requirements that the use environment is a hot-summer and cold-winter area, the water permeability grade A is, the average value of the breaking strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the average value of the splitting tensile strength is not lower than 4.0Mpa, the length of a grinding pit is not more than 35mm, and the antiskid BPN value is not less than 60; the permeable brick bottom material consists of iron tailings, machine-made sandstone, fly ash, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the machine-made sandstone modified iron tailings is 0.075 mm-9.5 mm, the ratio of cement to fly ash to cement polymer reinforcing agent = 14; the permeable brick facing material consists of granite machine-made sand, cement and a cement polymer reinforcing agent, wherein the particle size of the granite machine-made sand is 1.18-2.36 mm, the granite machine-made sand in the mixture comprises cement and the cement polymer reinforcing agent = 4.35; the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength of the cement is not lower than 42.5; the grade of the fly ash is not lower than grade II.
5. The preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the iron tailing replaces the aggregate and is modified, the iron tailing is firstly subjected to impurity removal, cleaning and screening through a water elutriation screening machine, stone powder and iron tailing sand are separated, the fineness modulus of the iron tailing sand is evaluated to be =1.5 through a screening test, machine-made sand and broken stones are adopted to modify the iron tailing in an intermittent grading mode according to the aggregate grading design of the water permeable brick, the proportion of the particle size of the modified mixture of 0.075mm to 4.75mm to the total aggregate is 10% -15%, and the aggregate grading modification function model of the water permeable brick is as follows:
y＝Ax B wherein x is more than or equal to 4.75 and less than or equal to 9.5;
y =0.43x+1, wherein x is more than 1.18 and less than 4.75;
y =0.53x +1, wherein x is more than 0.30 and less than or equal to 1.18;
y = Clnx + D, wherein x is not less than 0.075 and not more than 0.30;
in the formula: x represents the aggregate particle diameter, y represents the sieving pass rate, and A, B, C, and D are regression coefficients.
6. The preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the mixing of the bottom materials of the water permeable brick in the step S3 and the mixing of the surface materials of the water permeable brick in the step S4 are performed by adopting separate and parallel stirring systems, and the mixing and stirring time of the bottom materials is 30-60S earlier than that of the surface materials.
7. The preparation method of the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein in the step S5, vibration and compression molding is carried out, the set static pressure is 18MPa, the vibration and compression molding time is controlled to be 20S-25S, and the color of the fabric is colored and sprayed according to actual needs.
8. The method for preparing the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein in the step S6, the maintenance comprises standard maintenance and natural maintenance in a maintenance workshop, the water permeable brick is stacked after being fed into the maintenance workshop with the temperature of 20 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃ and the humidity of not less than 95% through a rail for maintenance for 24 hours, the artificial maintenance is continued in an outdoor environment, the water is watered for 2 times every day until the maintenance is carried out for 28 days at a specified age, and the iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick is delivered after being inspected.
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