CN115918782A - Stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period - Google Patents
Stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period Download PDFInfo
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- CN115918782A CN115918782A CN202211563216.XA CN202211563216A CN115918782A CN 115918782 A CN115918782 A CN 115918782A CN 202211563216 A CN202211563216 A CN 202211563216A CN 115918782 A CN115918782 A CN 115918782A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 description 1
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- XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;propanoic acid Chemical compound N.CCC(O)=O XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- OPGYRRGJRBEUFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;diacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPGYRRGJRBEUFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 41-105 parts of organic acid, 20-100 parts of food-grade carrier and 15-30 parts of essential oil composite particles; the essential oil composite particles are prepared by adding clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil into a chitosan-containing premix for homogenization, crosslinking by adopting sodium tripolyphosphate and then freeze-drying. The invention discloses a preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period, which comprises the steps of fully stirring organic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; and continuously stirring the food-grade carrier, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period. The invention discloses a method for preventing feed from mildewing, which comprises the steps of mixing the feed additive with water, adding the mixture into the feed in a spraying mode, and adding 500-700g of the feed additive into each ton of the feed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period, a preparation method thereof and a method for preventing feed from mildewing.
Background
China is the second world-wide feed producing country and is developing at an average rate of not less than 20% per year. The most common phenomenon in feed storage caused by mildew can seriously affect the product quality and cause resource waste. The harm of the mildew of the feed is as follows: feed agglomeration and generation of peculiar smell cause food refusal, nutrient loss, reduction of digestibility and poisoning and even death of livestock and poultry caused by mycotoxin.
According to statistics, because the mildew-proof measures of the feed are not in place, the feed loss caused by mildew in China is up to ten million tons every year. How to prevent and reduce the mildew of the feed, and the prolonging of the storage time of the feed is an important problem which needs to be solved urgently in the whole feed industry, and the addition of the feed additive is one of the most important and most economic measures for preventing the mildew of the feed.
In order to prevent the feed from mildewing in the storage process, the feed additive commonly added in the feed formula is a single or compound additive mainly comprising organic acid salts, compound organic acid and ammonium propionate, and the mildewproof effect is different. The existing feed mildew-proof additive has strong dependence on organic acid although the variety is more, and the dosage is generally more than 1000 g/t. The use of a large amount of organic acid not only increases the production cost of feed products and reduces the content of nutrient substances, but also increases the corrosivity to equipment, and has certain irritation, large irritation to the digestive system of a feeding animal and poor palatability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period, a preparation method thereof and a method for preventing feed from mildewing.
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 41-105 parts of organic acid, 20-100 parts of food-grade carrier and 15-30 parts of essential oil composite particles; the essential oil composite particles are obtained by adding clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil into a chitosan-containing premix for homogenization, crosslinking by adopting sodium tripolyphosphate and then freeze-drying.
Preferably, the organic acid comprises: formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid.
Preferably, the mass ratio of formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid is 20-25:1-10:20-70.
Preferably, the food-grade carrier comprises: silicon dioxide powder and zeolite powder for feeding.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide powder to the zeolite powder for feeding is 1-5:1-5.
Preferably, the chitosan-containing premix is obtained by adding sodium caseinate into chitosan acidic solution; wherein the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan is 80-83%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium caseinate to the chitosan is 1-2:10-20.
Preferably, the chitosan acidic solution is obtained by dissolving chitosan in glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH =5-5.5, and the mass ratio of chitosan to glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is 10-20:30-60.
Preferably, the essential oil composite particles are prepared by the following specific steps: adding clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil into dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding a chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing for 5-15min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 5-15min, dropwise adding sodium tripolyphosphate while stirring, heating to 50-55 ℃ after complete dropwise addition, standing for 1-2h, cooling to 1-5 ℃, stirring for 2-4h, standing for 5-15h, centrifuging, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain the essential oil composite nanoparticles.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the clove essential oil, the cinnamon essential oil, the chitosan-containing premix and the sodium tripolyphosphate is 5-10:0.1-2.5:40-80:0.001-0.02.
Preferably, the freeze-drying temperature is-30 to-50 ℃.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the organic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; and continuously stirring the food-grade carrier, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period.
A method for preventing feed from mildewing, comprising the steps of: the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:10-20, mixing, and adding into feed in form of spray, wherein each ton of feed is added with 500-700g of the above liquid feed additive for prolonging feed period.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the feed additive provided by the invention does not need to add an emulsifier additionally, the essential oil can be stably dispersed in a system without layering and is not influenced by an acidic environment, so that the quality guarantee period of the feed can be prolonged, the mildew occurrence of the feed can be reduced, the production level of the feed can be improved, the mouthfeel of feed raw materials can be improved, and the feed additive does not need to be as same as a traditional feed storage mode, and the moisture is controlled to be less than or equal to 10% in order to reduce the mildew risk (the mouthfeel of animals during feeding can be seriously influenced when the moisture is too low, so that the feed intake and even the growth level are influenced).
The clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil are unstable, are easy to volatilize and decompose, and have the characteristics of lipophilicity and insolubility in water, so that the two essential oils have poor compatibility with organic acid in compounding, and the antiseptic and mildew-proof effects are poor.
According to the invention, the clove essential oil and the cinnamon essential oil are compounded and dissolved in dichloromethane, and the nanoparticles (namely the essential oil composite particles) are formed through ionic crosslinking, so that the affinity with organic acid is high, the compatibility is good, the stability of the clove essential oil and the cinnamon essential oil can be effectively improved, the slow release is realized, and the functional characteristics are effectively maintained. The isoelectric point of the sodium caseinate is 4.6, when the pH value is 3.5-4.6, the number of protons adsorbed by amino groups in the sodium caseinate is more than that released by carboxyl groups, so that the surface of a small droplet presents higher positive charges, and then the small droplet is directly subjected to ion crosslinking with tripolyphosphates with negative charges to form nano particles, the hydrated particle size of the nano particles is 100-200nm, and the polydispersity index is in the range of 0.24-0.25, so that the uniform particle size and good stability of the obtained essential oil composite particles are ensured.
Because cold and hot processing can make the disulfide bond and the hydrogen bond of protein structure expose, the structure is stretched to reinforcing and the affinity of inside cladding clove essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, making essential oil be difficult for volatilizing, further cooperate the chitosan effect, the nanoparticle structure is more stable, and stability in aqueous is high, and has extremely strong storage stability.
The essential oil composite particles and the organic acid are compounded, so that the compatibility is high, the synergistic effect of the essential oil composite particles and the organic acid can achieve an excellent mildew-proof effect, the essential oil composite particles and the organic acid can be diluted to a certain concentration when being used, the essential oil composite particles can be well distributed in the feed, and the mildew-proof effect is superior to that of other existing various mildew-proof agents. The invention can obviously improve the water content of the finished feed product and is not easy to cause mildew.
The invention has small irritation to animal digestive system, high safety and good antibacterial effect, can quickly kill and inhibit mould in the feed, overcomes the defect of poor antibacterial effect of the traditional mildew inhibitor, and ensures that the feed product does not mildew within 2 months under the conditions of 8.5-10.5% of water content and 70-82% of humidity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the cumulative release rate of essential oils at each time point for the feed additives obtained in example 5 and comparative example 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of sample placement in a mildew resistance test.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of a blank vessel in the mildew-proof test.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 20kg of formic acid, 1kg of acetic acid, 20kg of propionic acid, 10kg of silicon dioxide powder, 10kg of zeolite powder for feeding and 15kg of essential oil composite particles.
The essential oil composite particle is prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 10kg of chitosan with the deacetylation degree of 80% in 30kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 1h at the stirring speed of 500r/min, adding 1kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 1h to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 5kg of clove essential oil and 0.1kg of cinnamon essential oil into 10kg of dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding 40kg of chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing for 5min at the speed of 15000r/min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 5min, dropwise adding 1kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.1% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 50 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 1h, then cooling to 1 ℃, stirring for 2h, standing for 5h, then centrifuging, washing by using deionized water, and freeze-drying at the temperature of-30 ℃ to obtain the essential oil composite particles.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
Example 2
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 25kg of formic acid, 10kg of acetic acid, 70kg of propionic acid, 50kg of silicon dioxide powder, 50kg of zeolite powder for feeding and 30kg of essential oil composite particles.
The essential oil composite particle is prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 20kg of chitosan with deacetylation degree of 83% in 60kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 2h at the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 2kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 2h to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 10kg of clove essential oil and 2.5kg of cinnamon essential oil into 20kg of dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding 80kg of chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing at the speed of 20000r/min for 15min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 15min, dropwise adding 2kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 55 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 2h, then cooling to 5 ℃ and stirring for 4h, standing for 15h, then centrifuging, washing by using deionized water, and freeze-drying at-50 ℃ to obtain the essential oil composite particles.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
Example 3
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 21kg of formic acid, 7kg of acetic acid, 30kg of propionic acid, 40kg of silicon dioxide powder, 20kg of zeolite powder for feeding and 26kg of essential oil composite particles.
The essential oil composite particle is prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 12kg of chitosan with deacetylation degree of 82% in 40kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 110min at the stirring speed of 800r/min, adding 1.7kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 80min to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 8kg of clove essential oil and 1kg of cinnamon essential oil into 17kg of dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding 50kg of chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing at 18000r/min for 8min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 12min, dropwise adding 1.3kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.6% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 52 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 110min, cooling to 2 ℃, stirring for 3.5h, standing for 8h, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and freeze-drying at-45 ℃ to obtain the essential oil composite particles.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
Example 4
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 23kg of formic acid, 3kg of acetic acid, 60kg of propionic acid, 20kg of silicon dioxide powder, 40kg of zeolite powder for feed and 20kg of essential oil composite particles.
The essential oil composite particle is prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 18kg of chitosan with deacetylation degree of 81% in 50kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 70min at the stirring speed of 1200r/min, adding 1.3kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 100min to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 6kg of clove essential oil and 2kg of cinnamon essential oil into 13kg of dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding 70kg of chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing at the speed of 16000r/min for 12min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 8min, dropwise adding 1.7kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.2% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 54 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 70min, then cooling to 4 ℃, stirring for 2.5h, standing for 12h, then centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and freeze-drying at-35 ℃ to obtain the essential oil composite particles.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
Example 5
A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 22kg of formic acid, 5kg of acetic acid, 45kg of propionic acid, 30kg of silicon dioxide powder, 30kg of zeolite powder for feeding and 24kg of essential oil composite particles.
The essential oil composite particle is prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 15kg of chitosan with deacetylation degree of 82% in 45kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 90min at the stirring speed of 1000r/min, adding 1.5kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 90min to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 7kg of clove essential oil and 1.5kg of cinnamon essential oil into 15kg of dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding 60kg of chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing for 10min at the speed of 17000r/min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 10min, dropwise adding 1.5kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.4% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 53 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 90min, then cooling to 3 ℃, stirring for 3h, standing for 10h, then centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and freeze-drying at-40 ℃ to obtain the essential oil composite particles.
The preparation method of the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
Comparative example 1
The blank particles are prepared by the following specific steps:
dissolving 15kg of chitosan with deacetylation degree of 82% in 45kg of glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH of 5-5.5, stirring for 90min at the stirring speed of 1000r/min, adding 1.5kg of sodium caseinate, and continuously stirring for 90min to obtain chitosan-containing premix;
adding 60kg of chitosan-containing premix into 15kg of dichloromethane placed in an ice water bath, homogenizing at the speed of 17000r/min for 10min, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 10min, dropwise adding 1.5kg of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.4% into the mixture under the stirring state, heating to 53 ℃ after complete dropwise adding, standing for 90min, cooling to 3 ℃ and stirring for 3h, standing for 10h, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and freeze-drying at-40 ℃ to obtain blank particles.
The essential oil composite particles obtained in example 5 and the blank particles obtained in comparative example 1 were dissolved in deionized water and pre-treated for 3min using a 40kHz 500W sonicator. The uniformly dispersed nanoparticles were then placed in a malvern nano-particle size potentiostat (zetasizer nano ZSE) to analyze the size distribution, average particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI) of the nanoparticles.
And (3) sucking 700 mu L of the uniformly dispersed nano particles by using a pipette gun, slowly pushing the nano particles into a sample cell to avoid bubble generation, inserting the nano particles into a sample groove, covering an outer cover of the instrument, and starting to measure the Zeta potential of each group of samples.
| Example 5 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Particle size, nm | 115.36±0.28 a | 178.35±0.31 a |
| PDI | 0.215±0.003 b | 0.247±0.002 b |
| Zeta point location, mV | 38.46±0.22 c | 30.18±0.19 c |
Note: the lower case letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
From the above table it can be seen that: the hydrated particle size of the essential oil composite particles obtained by the method is 178.35 +/-0.31 nm, the polydispersity index is 0.247 +/-0.002, the uniform particle size of the obtained essential oil composite particles is ensured, and the stability is good.
Comparative example 2
A feed additive for prolonging feed period comprises the following raw materials: 22kg of formic acid, 5kg of acetic acid, 45kg of propionic acid, 30kg of silicon dioxide powder, 30kg of zeolite powder for feeding and 24kg of compound essential oil.
The compound essential oil is obtained by uniformly mixing 7kg of clove essential oil and 1.5kg of cinnamon essential oil.
The preparation method of the feed additive for prolonging the feed period comprises the following steps: fully stirring the formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; continuously stirring the silicon dioxide powder and the feeding zeolite powder, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the feed zeolite powder.
40mg of the feed additive obtained in example 5 and comparative example 2 were suspended in 10mL of PBS buffer solution having a pH of 7.4, respectively, and kept shaking on a shaker at a constant temperature of 150r/min at 25 ℃. Samples were centrifuged at 9000r/min for 5min at 25 ℃ at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, 72h, respectively, and then 1mL of supernatant was aspirated using a pipette gun for analysis and replaced with an equal volume of fresh PBS buffer. The total cumulative release rate of essential oil at each time point was calculated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the total cumulative release rate of essential oils of the feed additive obtained in example 5 was always lower than that of comparative example 2, which shows that the feed additive obtained in example 5 has a stable structure, an extremely high stability in water, and an extremely high storage stability. On the other hand, the slow release of the feed additive obtained in example 5 is also demonstrated, and the mildewproof effect can be effectively prolonged.
Comparative example 3
Adopts Huarui sodium diacetate feed mildew preventive sold by Huarui animal husbandry of Qihe.
Simulating appropriate environmental conditions (high temperature and high humidity) for the growth of the mould, setting the day and night temperature difference, observing the growth condition of the mould in the feed under the environmental conditions, and judging the mould prevention effect of the feed additive according to the occurrence time of the mould bacterial plaque.
The feed additives obtained in example 5 and comparative example 2 and the feed mildew preventive used in comparative example 3 are used for mildew prevention experiments, and the mass ratio of each group of samples to water is 1:15 and then added to the feed as a spray, 60mg of each group sample per 100g of feed. Water is used as blank control, 10 of each group are repeated, the environmental temperature is set to be 35 ℃, and the humidity is more than or equal to 85%.
The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(a) 0.5g of absorbent cotton balls are weighed and twisted into a thin strip shape (the thickness depends on the diameter of a funnel, and the diameter of the funnel is =90 mm), and a proper amount of purified water (the standard that no water drops can drop when the cotton strip naturally hangs down) is added onto the absorbent cotton strip.
(b) Feed was laid flat in a phi =60mm petri dish, with the feed level just flush with the highest point of the dish (approximately 5g of feed was needed), and placed in a phi =90mm petri dish (avoiding contact with the petri dish walls, preventing condensed water from flowing into the dish during the experiment.
(c) A proper amount of water is added into the culture dish (the culture dish always contains water in the test process so as to keep the environmental humidity above 85 percent and avoid that the excessive addition can cause the water to overflow into the surface dish and wet the feed due to the overhigh liquid level). A liquid level of about 0.5cm is expected to be appropriate.
(d) The funnel was closed in the petri dish, the mouth was sealed with a sealing film, and then the dish was placed flat in a 32 ℃ incubator (the incubator was preheated at 32 ℃ for 1 hour in advance) to start the test, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
(e) Observing the mildew (occurrence of mildew and bacterial plaque) condition of the feed in the device at 8 am and 5 pm every day, and recording the mildew time of the test sample
(f) The incubator was turned on (32 ℃) at 8 am every day and turned off at 5 pm to simulate the morning and evening temperature difference.
From a comparison of the above tables it can be seen that: after the mildew-proof feed additive is added into each group, the mildew-proof effect of the feed additive is far superior to that of a blank control. The mildew-proof effect of the group of the embodiment 5 is best and is better than that of the comparative example.
The applicant believes that: the invention adopts the compounding of the essential oil composite particles and the organic acid, has high affinity and good compatibility, can achieve excellent mildew-proof effect under the synergistic effect of the essential oil composite particles and the organic acid, can be diluted to a certain concentration by adding water when in use, has better distribution consistency in feed, and has better mildew-proof effect than other existing various mildew-proof agents. The invention can obviously improve the water content of the finished feed product and is not easy to cause mildew.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging feed period is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 41-105 parts of organic acid, 20-100 parts of food-grade carrier and 15-30 parts of essential oil composite particles;
the essential oil composite particles are obtained by adding clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil into a chitosan-containing premix for homogenization, crosslinking by adopting sodium tripolyphosphate and then freeze-drying.
2. The liquid feed additive for increasing the stability of a feed according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid comprises: formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid.
3. The liquid feed additive for increasing the stability of a feed according to claim 1, wherein the food grade carrier comprises: silicon dioxide powder and zeolite powder for feeding.
4. The liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period according to claim 1, wherein the essential oil composite particles are prepared by the following specific steps: adding clove essential oil and cinnamon essential oil into dichloromethane, uniformly mixing, placing in an ice water bath, adding a chitosan-containing premix, homogenizing for 5-15min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.5-4.6, continuously stirring for 5-15min, dropwise adding sodium tripolyphosphate while stirring, heating to 50-55 ℃ after complete dropwise addition, standing for 1-2h, cooling to 1-5 ℃, stirring for 2-4h, standing for 5-15h, centrifuging, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain the essential oil composite nanoparticles.
5. The liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of clove essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, chitosan-containing premix and sodium tripolyphosphate is 5-10:0.1-2.5:40-80:0.001-0.02.
6. The liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period of claim 4, wherein the freeze-drying temperature is-30 to-50 ℃.
7. The liquid feed additive for increasing the stability of a feed according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan-containing premix is obtained by adding sodium caseinate to an acidic solution of chitosan; wherein the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan is 80-83%.
8. The liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of sodium caseinate to chitosan is 1-2:10-20 parts of;
the chitosan acidic solution is obtained by dissolving chitosan in a glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with pH =5-5.5, and the mass ratio of the chitosan to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is (10-20): 30-60.
9. A method for preparing a liquid feed additive for increasing the stability of a feed according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: fully stirring the organic acid and essential oil composite particles to obtain a mixed solution; and continuously stirring the food-grade carrier, adding the obtained mixed solution in a spraying manner in the stirring process, and continuously and fully stirring to obtain the stability-increasing liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period.
10. A method for preventing feed from mildewing is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for preparing the liquid feed additive capable of prolonging the feed period according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid feed additive to water is 1:10-20, mixing, and adding into feed in form of spray, wherein 500-700g of the liquid feed additive for prolonging feed period as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 is added into each ton of feed.
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| CN101543264A (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2009-09-30 | 桂林市万康生物化工有限公司 | Preparing method for mildew inhibitor for feed |
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| CN108041405A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-18 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation process of essential oil microcapsules edible film |
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| CN101543264A (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2009-09-30 | 桂林市万康生物化工有限公司 | Preparing method for mildew inhibitor for feed |
| CN102308905A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-01-11 | 重庆民泰香料化工有限责任公司 | Forage mildew inhibitor and forage molding preventive method |
| CN108041405A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-18 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation process of essential oil microcapsules edible film |
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